Answer:
Sterilization refers to any process that removes, kills, or deactivates all forms of life and other biological agents like prions present in a specific surface, object or fluid, for example food or biological culture media.
To insert a thermometer into an adapter, use ______ to prepare the thermometer. Then, hold the thermometer ______ the adapter and _____ the thermometer into the adapter.
Answer:
mineral oil; close to; slowly turn
Explanation:
Temperature can be defined as a measure of the degree of coldness or hotness of a physical object. It is measured with a thermometer and its units are Celsius (°C), Kelvin (K) and Fahrenheit (°F).
Generally, temperature measures the average kinetic energy of particles in a particular substance.
A thermometer can be defined as a device used for measuring the temperature (degree of hotness or coldness) of a body or substance is. It is a thin glass having a bulb on one of its end and typically contains either colored alcohol or mercury.
A thermometer adapter is used with a temperature probe in the distillation process, in order to determine readings.
To insert a thermometer into an adapter, use mineral oil to prepare or make suitable the thermometer. Then, hold the thermometer close to the adapter and slowly turn the thermometer into the adapter.
Use the heating curve of 60.0 grams of ice and the list of values to answer the question.
A heating curve with the y -axis showing temperatures between -20 degrees Celsius and 15 degrees Celsius and the x-axis showing time. The plot starts at Point A at -20 degrees Celsius and moves diagonally upward and to the right until it reaches Point B, which measures 0 degrees Celsius. Next, the line runs horizontally to the right until it reaches Point C. From Point C the line moves up and to the right to Point D, which measures at 15 degrees Celsius.
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specific heat of ice = 2.10 J/(g·°C)
specific heat of water = 4.18 J/(g·°C)
specific heat of water vapor = 2.07 J/(g·°C)
latent heat of fusion of ice = 333.4 J/g
latent heat of vaporization of water = 2256 J/g
How much energy was added to the ice between Point A and Point D?
25 kJ
150 J
154 J
26 kJ
Answer:
Changes of state occur at segment
✔ B–C
and segment
✔ D–E
Explanation:
got it right on edge :)
The amount of energy added to the ice between Point A and Point D is approximately 25 kJ.
To calculate the amount of energy added to the ice between Point A and Point D, we need to consider the different stages of the heating curve.
Heating the ice from -20°C to 0°C:
The energy required to raise the temperature of the ice can be calculated using the specific heat of ice (2.10 J/(g·°C)) and the mass of the ice (60.0 g). The temperature change is from -20°C to 0°C, which is a total of 20 degrees.
Energy = mass × specific heat × temperature change
Energy = 60.0 g × 2.10 J/(g·°C) × 20°C
Energy = 2520 J
Melting the ice at 0°C:
The energy required to melt the ice can be calculated using the latent heat of fusion of ice (333.4 J/g) and the mass of the ice (60.0 g).
Energy = mass × latent heat of fusion
Energy = 60.0 g × 333.4 J/g
Energy = 20,004 J
Heating the water from 0°C to 15°C:
The energy required to raise the temperature of the water can be calculated using the specific heat of water (4.18 J/(g·°C)) and the mass of the water (60.0 g). The temperature change is from 0°C to 15°C, which is a total of 15 degrees.
Energy = mass × specific heat × temperature change
Energy = 60.0 g × 4.18 J/(g·°C) × 15°C
Energy = 3753 J
The total energy added to the ice between Point A and Point D is the sum of the energy calculated in each step:
Total Energy = Energy (Heating ice) + Energy (Melting ice) + Energy (Heating water)
Total Energy = 2520 J + 20,004 J + 3753 J
Total Energy = 25,277 J
Converting this energy to kilojoules (kJ):
Total Energy = 25,277 J ÷ 1000
Total Energy = 25.277 kJ
Therefore, the amount of energy added to the ice between Point A and Point D is approximately 25 kJ.
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Which Group is in the second column of the periodic table?
O A. Noble gases
O B. Alkaline earth metals
O C. Alkali metals
O D. Halogens
Answer:
O B. Alkaline earth metals
Explanation:
Noble gases → 8th column.
Alkali metal → first column.
Halogen → 7th
Answer:
B. Alkaline earth metals
Explanation:
Alkaline-earth metals: The alkaline-earth metals make up Group 2 of the periodic table, from beryllium (Be) through radium (Ra). Each of these elements has two electrons in its outermost energy level, which makes the alkaline earths reactive enough that they're rarely found alone in nature. But they're not as reactive as the alkali metals. Their chemical reactions typically occur more slowly and produce less heat compared to the alkali metals.
Consider an acid-base titration in which the base is dispensed from a burette into a flask containing an acid. If any drops of the base adhere to the inner walls of the flask, but do not actually mix with the solution, the calculated acid concentration would be
Answer:
Higher than the actual value
Explanation:
Titration is a volumetric process in which a known volume of solution is dispensed from a burette to react with a known volume of solution in a conical flask.
When acid-base titration is carried out in such a way that the base is in the burette and the acid is in the conical flask and drops of the base adhere to the inner walls of the flask, but do not actually mix with the solution, the calculated acid concentration would be higher than the actual value.
This is because;
From CA= CBVBnA/VAnB
When VB(volume of base) that reacted is lower than the actual volume recorded, then the calculated volume of CA(concentration of acid) is much higher than the actual value since drops of the base adhere to the inner walls of the flask.
Why the catalytic and optical properties of nanomaterial are different from bulk material
Answer:
The material properties of nanostructures are different from the bulk due to the high surface area over volume ratio and possible appearance of quantum effects at the nanoscale. ... Yu; they found that the structural distortions on the quantum dots depend both on the kind of dopant and on the size of the dots.
Explanation:
hope it helps
Consider the balanced chemical equation below.
3 A ⟶ C + 4 D
How many moles of C would be produced if 7 moles of A were used?
Answer:
2.33 mol C
Explanation:
Step 1: Write the balanced generic chemical equation
3 A ⟶ C + 4 D
Step 2: Establish the appropriate molar ratio
According to the balanced equation, the molar ratio of A to C is 3:1.
Step 3: Calculate the number of moles of C produced from 7 moles of A
We will use the previously established molar ratio.
7 mol A × 1 mol C/3 mol A = 2.33 mol C
According to Newton's law of universal gravitation, how do the masses of two
objects relate to the gravitational force between them?
A. As either mass increases, the gravitational force between them
increases.
B. As either mass increases, the gravitational force between them
decreases.
C. Gravitational force increases only when both masses increase.
D. Gravitational force increases only when both masses decrease.
Answer:
As either mass increases, the gravitational force between them
increases.
Explanation:
According to Newton's law of universal gravitation;
F α m1m2/r^2
That is, the force between two masses in a gravitational field is directly proportional to the product of the two masses and inversely proportional to their distance apart.
Hence, as either of the masses increase, the force of gravitation between the two masses increases. Hence the answer.
How many molecules in each sample?
64.7 g N2
83 g CCl4
19 g C6H12O6
Answer:
1.39x10²⁴ molecules N₂.25x10²³ molecules CCl₄6.38x10²² molecules C₆H₁₂O₆Explanation:
First we convert the given masses into moles, using the compounds' respective molar mass:
64.7 g N₂ ÷ 28 g/mol = 2.31 mol N₂83 g CCl₄ ÷ 153.82 g/mol = 0.540 mol CCl₄19 g C₆H₁₂O₆ ÷ 180 g/mol = 0.106 mol C₆H₁₂O₆Then we multiply each amount by Avogadro's number, to calculate the number of molecules:
2.31 mol N₂ * 6.023x10²³ molecules/mol = 1.39x10²⁴ molecules0.540 mol CCl₄ * 6.023x10²³ molecules/mol = 3.25x10²³ molecules0.106 mol C₆H₁₂O₆ * 6.023x10²³ molecules/mol = 6.38x10²² moleculesIdentify the substance that conducts electricity.
a. Rubbing alcohol.
b. KBr dissolved in water.
c. Solid KBr.
d. Solid baking soda
e. Sugar dissolved in water.
Answer:
KBr dissolved in water.
Explanation:
A substance conducts electricity as a result of the presence of mobile ions in the substance.
An ionic substance such as KBr when dissolved in water releases free ions which become charge carriers in solution hence the solution conducts electricity. Solid ionic substances such as solid KBr and solid baking soda do not conduct electricity because the ions are strongly bound to each other in the crystal lattice.
Molecular substances such as sugar and alcohol do not conduct electricity even in solution.
22. Glycerol, C3H8O3, is a substance used extensively in the manufacture of cosmetics, foodstuffs, antifreeze, and plastics. Glycerol is a water-soluble liquid with a density of 1.2656 g/mL at 15 0C. Calculate the molarity of a solution of glycerol made by dissolving 50.000 mL glycerol at 15 0C in enough water to make 250.00 mL of solution. Show work.
Answer:
2.75M
Explanation:
Density = mass/volume
Density of glycerol (C3H8O3) at 15°C is given as 1.2656 g/mL.
Volume of glycerol at this same temperature before dissolving in water = 50mL
Hence, using Density = mass/volume
1.2656 = mass/50
mass = 1.2656g/mL × 50mL
mass = 63.28g
Molarity of solution = number of moles (n) ÷ volume (V)
Volume of glycerol dissolved in water = 250mL = 0.250L
number of moles = mass/molar mass
Molar mass of C3H8O3 = 12(3) + 1(8) + 16(3)
= 36 + 8 + 48
= 44 + 48
= 92g/mol
n = 63.28g ÷ 92g/mol
n = 0.688mol
* Molarity = n/V
Molarity = 0.688/0.250
Molarity = 2.75M
Classify each cation as a weak acid or pH neutral (neither acidic nor basic).
a. Na+
b. Ni2+
c. NH4+
Answer:
a. Na+ is pH neutral
b. Ni2+ = weak acid
c. NH4+ = Weak acid
Explanation:
To know the nature of the cation we need to find the nature of its conjugate base.
If the conjugate base of the ion is a strong base, the ion is neutral.
If the conjugate base is a weak base, the ion is a weak acid:
a. Conjugate base Na+ = NaOH
Sodium hydroxide is a strong base:
Na+ is pH neutral
b. Conjugate base Ni²⁺: Ni(OH)2 is a weak base because is not completely soluble in water. That means:
Ni2+ = weak acid
c. Conjugate base NH4+: NH4OH. Weak base:
NH4+ = Weak acid
The metal thallium becomes superconducting at temperatures below 2.39K. Calculate the temperature at which thallium becomes superconducting in degrees Celsius. Round your answer to decimal places.
Answer:
-270.76°C
Explanation:
Given that metal Thallium becomes superconducting below the temperature of 2.39 kelvin i.e. this temperature is critical temperature for Thallium and below critical temperature a metal offers no resistance to the flow of electric current. Also the metal below its critical temperature expels the magnetic field in such a way that they do not penetrate the metal and pass through its surface only.
We have the relation between kelvin scale and degree Celsius scale of temperature measurement as:
[tex]C = K - 273.15[/tex]
[tex]C=2.39-273.15\\ C=-270.76^{o}C[/tex]
Organic foods do not contain chemicals.
True
Or
False
Answer:
True
Explanation:
The word Organic refers to the methods used to cultivate and process farm agricultural products. Organic foods are edible and nutritious substances consumed (both plants and animals) that are free from the use of synthetics and chemicals. In plants, the include the use of organic manure that serves as fertilizers and carrying out the weeding process by hand weeding. In animals, diseases can be prevented by maintaining a clean house or rotational grazing.
The benefit of organic foods are to produce food substances with no chemical substances.
Suppose an enzyme and its substrate obey the lock and key model of enzyme catalysis. Which of the following would be true of the enzyme?
a. only one substrate could be converted to product by the enzyme
b. the active site of the enzyme must be rigid
c. the entire enzyme must be rigid
d. the active site of the enzyme must be flexible
e. the enzyme could bind different substrates if the substrates shared a common motif somewhere in their structures
Answer:
only one substrate could be converted to product by the enzyme
Explanation:
If an enzyme obeys the lock and key model, it then follows that the design of the enzyme is unique to a particular substrate.
Just as only the correct key can effectively fit into a lock, only the appropriate substrate whose design matches that of the enzyme can fit into the enzyme.
Owing to the lock and key model of enzyme activity, only one enzyme could interact with a substrate to yield particular product.
Cal is titrating 57.7 mL of 0.311 M HBr with 0.304 M Ba(OH)2. How many mL of Ba(OH)2 does Cal need to add to reach the equivalence point?
Answer:
118.06 mL
Explanation:
The neutralization reaction between HBr (acid) and Ba(OH)₂ (base) is the following:
2HBr + Ba(OH)₂ → BaBr₂ + 2H₂O
According to the equation, 2 moles of HBr react with 1 mol Ba(OH)₂. Thus, at the equivalence point the moles of acid and base react completely:
2 moles HBr = 1 mol Ba(OH)₂
We can replace the moles by the product of the molar concentration (M) and volume (V):
2 x (M HBr) x (V HBr) = M Ba(OH)₂ x V Ba(OH)₂
Now, we introduce the data in the equation to calculate the volume in mL of Ba(OH)₂:
V Ba(OH)₂ = (2 x (M HBr) x (V HBr))/M Ba(OH)₂
= (2 x 0.311 M x 57.7 mL)/(0.304 M)
= 118.06 mL
Therefore, 118 mL of Ba(OH)₂ are needed.
When Hg2+ concentration is 6.35x10^-4 M, the observed cell potential at 298K for an electrochemical cell with the following reaction is 1.499V. What is the Cr3+ concentration?
3H^2+ (aq) + 2Cr(s)= 3Hg(l) + 2Cr^3+(aq)
Answer:
10.5 × 10^5 M
Explanation:
E°cell = E°cathode - E°anode
E°cell = 0.85 - (-0.74) = 1.59 V
From Nernst's equation;
Ecell = E°cell - 0.0592/n log Q
1.499 = 1.59 - 0.0592/6 log [Cr^3+]/6.35x10^-4
1.499 - 1.59 = - 0.0592/6 log [Cr^3+]/6.35x10^-4
-0.091 = -0.00987 log [Cr^3+]/6.35x10^-4
-0.091/ -0.00987 = log [Cr^3+]/6.35x10^-4
9.22 = log [Cr^3+]/6.35x10^-4
Antilog (9.22) = [Cr^3+]/6.35x10^-4
1.66 × 10^9 = [Cr^3+]/6.35x10^-4
[Cr^3+] = 1.66 × 10^9 × 6.35x10^-4
[Cr^3+] = 10.5 × 10^5 M
Determine the percentage of carbon and hydrogen in ethane C2H6 if the molecular weight is 30.
Answer:
Percentage of carbon:
[tex] { \tt{ = \frac{24}{30} \times 100\%}} \\ = 80\%[/tex]
Percentage of hydrogen:
[tex]{ \tt{ = \frac{6}{30} \times 100\%} } \\ = 20\%[/tex]
What is the theoretical yield of cyclohexene (in grams) that could be formed from 0.105 moles of cyclohexanol and 0.0444 moles of 85% phosphoric acid
Answer:
3.65 g of cyclohexene
Explanation:
Cyclohexanol + phosphoric acid ----> cyclohexene
The reaction is 1:1 hence the limiting reactant is phosphoric acid.
Hence,
1 mole of phosphoric acid yields 1 mole of cyclohexene
0.0444 moles of phosphoric acid yields 0.0444 moles of cyclohexene
Theoretical yield = number of moles of cyclohexene × molar mass of cyclohexene
Theoretical yield = 0.0444 moles of cyclohexene × 82.143 g/mol
Theoretical yield = 3.65 g of cyclohexene
A scientist is conducting a Sanger's sequencing experiment to determine the number of polypeptides present in an oligomeric protein. The molecular weight of the protein is 18000 g/mol . After the reaction of 520 mg of the protein with 1‑fluoro‑2,4‑dinitrobenzene, the peptide bonds were hydrolyzed with an acid. As a result, the scientist obtained 39 mg of 2,4‑dinitrophenyl serine. What is the number of the polypeptide chains present in the oligomer?
Answer:
Depends on molecule.
Explanation:
The number of the polypeptide chains present in the oligomer depends on the molecule. Some molecules have more polypeptide chains whereas some of them have less polypeptide chains. For example, Hemoglobin is a oligomer that consists of four Polypeptide Chains, two of these Polypeptide Chains are α-globin molecules, each comprise of 141 amino acids, and the other two are (β, γ, δ, or ε) globins, each consist of 146 amino acids.
How many doubtful digit(s) is/are allowed in any measured quantity?
(Only 3 choices.)
A.) 1
B.) 2
C.) zero
Answer:
zero
Explanation:
I I think one should be so accurate with measurements and experiments
bio-chemisty of protain
Answer:
Protein biochemistry is the study of proteins. Protein biochemistry is a scientific field dedicated to the study of proteins, complex chains of amino acids which make up the building blocks of all living organisms.
Explanation:
I hope that helped
Copy and Pasted!
Answer:
Listen to what guy said on top.
Explanation:
polypeptide structures consisting of one or more long chains of amino acids residue.....
or my answer
Whate the mass percentage of Sulphure in Na2so4 ?
Answer:
Water H2O + SULPHATE OXIDE
A compound was analyzed and found to contain 76.57% carbon, 6.43% hydrogen, and 17.00% oxygen by mass. Calculate the empirical formula of the compound. If the molar mass of the compound is 94.11 g/mol, what is the molecular formula of the compound?
A second compound is composed of 53.30% Carbon 11.19% Hydrogen and 35.51% Oxygen by mass.Please Calculate the empirical formula of the compound of the molar mass of the compound is 90.12g/mol, what is the molecular formula for that compound?
Answer:
See explanation
Explanation:
First we divide the percentage by mass of each element by it's relative atomic mass then we divide the quotients obtained by the lowest ratio obtained in the first step.
C- 76.57/12, H= 6.43/1, O = 17.00/16
C- 6.38/1.06, H= 6.43/1.06, O= 1.06/1.06
C- 6, H- 6, O- 1
Empirical formula: C6H6O
[(12 ×6) + (6 × 1) + (16 × 1)]n=94.11
[72 + 6 +16]n = 94.11
n = 94.11/94
n= 1
Molecular formula = C6H6O
2)
C- 53.30/12, H- 11.19/1, O- 35.51/16
C- 4.44/2.22, H- 11.19/2.22, O- 2.22/2.22
C- 2, H- 5, O- 1
Empirical formula: C2H5O
[(2×12) + (5× 1) + (1×16)]n = 90.12
[24 + 5 + 16] n = 90.12
n= 90.12/45
n= 2
Molecular formula = C4H10O2
Name the compound CuI2
Answer:
Copper iodide. I think
Answer:
copper iodide(Cul2)hope it helps
stay safe healthy and happy..
Which event would be impossible to explain by using John Dalton's model of the atom?
Answer:
That is, the atom is a solid and indivisible mass. However, the fenomenom by which an iron atom emits particles when it is struck by light (known as the photoelectric effect) can not be explaind by this indivisible atom model.
The action of some commercial drain cleaners is based on the following reaction:
2 NaOH(s) + 2 Al(s) + 6 H2O(l) â 2 NaAl(OH)4(s) + 3 H2(g)
What is the volume of H2 gas formed at STP when 4.32 g of Al reacts with excess NaOH?
A. 3.59 L
B. 2.39 L
C. 5.87 L
D. 5.38 L
Answer:
5.38 L
Option D.
Explanation:
2 NaOH(s) + 2 Al(s) + 6 H₂O(l) → 2 NaAl(OH)₄(s) + 3 H₂(g)
We convert mass of Al to moles:
4.32 g . 1 mol /26.98g = 0.160 moles
As NaOH is in excess, aluminum is the limiting reactant.
We see stoichiometry, were ratio is 2:3.
2 moles of Al can produce 3 moles of hydrogen
Our 0.160 moles may produce (0.160 . 3)/2 = 0.240 moles of H₂.
We know that 1 mol of any gas at STP conditions is contained in 22.4L
So let's make the conversion factor:
0.240 mol . 22.4L / 1mol = 5.38 L
A student measured the gram weight of a metal object to be 5.88g. According to the supplier the object weighs 5.97g. What is the error in the student's measurement?
A. -0.09
B. +0.09
Answer:
–0.09
Explanation:
From the question given above, the following data were obtained:
Measured value = 5.88 g
Actual value = 5.97 g
Error =?
The error in the student's measurement can be obtained as follow:
Error = Measured value – Actual value
Error = 5.88 – 5.97
Error = –0.09
Therefore, the error in the student's measurement is –0.09
The pKa of an acid can be determined through _____ (reduction, titration, filtration) with a strong base.
Gradually increase the volume of the base, stopping _____ (before, as, after) the equivalence point is reached.
The pKa of the acid is equal to the pH at the _____ (equivalence point, midway volume to the equivalence point, maximum volume).
Answer:
The pKa of an acid can be determined through titration with a strong base.
Gradually increase the volume of the base, stopping before the equivalence point is reached.
The pKa of the acid is equal to the pH at the midway volume to the equivalence point.
Explanation:
An acid HA dissociates in water as follows:
HA ⇄ H⁺ + A⁻ Ka
So, it produces hydrogen ions (H⁺) and a conjugate base (A⁻). The concentrations of HA, H⁺ and A⁻ at equilibrium determine the constant Ka. The pKa is calculated as:
pKa = -log Ka
The relationship between the pH of the solution and the pKa of the acid is described by the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:
pH = pKa + log ([A⁻]/[HA])
The pKa can be experimentally determined by acid-base titration, in which a strong base is added to the acid solution. As the base is added, the acid HA is neutralized and the conjugate base A⁻ is formed. Thus, the concentration of the acid ([HA]) increases and the concentration of the conjugate base ([A⁻] decreases. The equivalence point is reached when the total amount of acid is neutralized with the added base. Before reaching the equivalence point, at the halfway point, half of the acid is neutralized and converted into the conjugate base. Thus:
[A-] = [HA] ⇒ log [A-]/[HA] = log 1 = 0 ⇒ pH = pKa
We measure the pH at that point and it is equal to the pKa of the acid.
A 1.19 g sample of an unknown halogen occupies 109 mL at 398 K and 1.41 atm. What is the identity of the halogen
Answer:
The halogen is Iodine.
Explanation:
Using the ideal gas equation, we find the number of moles of gas present, n.
PV = nRT where P = pressure of gas = 1.41 atm, V = volume of gas = 109 mL = 0.109 L, n = number of moles of gas, R = molar gas constant = 0.082 L-atm/mol-K and T = temperature of gas = 398 K
Since PV = nRT, making n subject of the formula, we have
n = PV/RT
substituting the values of the variables into the equation, we have
n = 1.41 atm × 0.109 L/(0.082 L-atm/mol-K × 398 K)
n = 0.15369 atm-L/32.636 L-atm/mol
n = 0.0047 mol
Since n = m/M where m = mass of gas = 1.19 g and M = relative molecular mass of gas
So, M = m/n
M = 1.19 g/0.0047 mol
M = 252.7 g
Since halogens are diatomic the relative atomic mass is M/2 = 252.7g/2 = 126.34 g
From tables, the only halogen with this atomic mass is Iodine.
So, the halogen is Iodine.
Help pls!!!
For groups 13 through 18, the number of valence electrons is equal to the group number
a. minus 10
b. minus the period number
c. plus 1
d. plus the period number
Answer:
a. minus 10
Explanation:
An element in group 13 = Boron ,valence electrons = 3 , therefore, valence electrons in group 13 = group no. -10
An element in group 18 = Neon, valence electrons = 8 , therefore, valence electrons in group 18 = group no. - 10
For groups 13 through 18, the number of valence electrons in an atom is equal to the group number minus 10. Therefore, option (A) is correct.
What is a valence electron?Valence electrons in an atom can be described as the electrons occupying the outer most electron shell of an atom while the electrons in the inner shell are core electrons. Lewis structures can be helpful to calculate the number of valence electrons.
Valence electrons can be filled in several electron shells as they are caused interaction between atoms and responsible for the formation of chemical bonds. Only valence electrons can contribute to the formation of a chemical bond and decide the reactivity of the element.
The general electronic configuration of group 13 is ns²np¹ has three valence electrons. It can be determined as group number - 10 = 13 - 10 = 3.
The general electronic configuration of group 18 is ns²np⁶ has eight valence electrons. It can be determined as group number - 10 = 18 - 10 = 8.
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