Answer:
heating, thermal
Explanation:
the more molecules present, the greater amount from any given source increases the temperature as well as the thermal energy.
g A sample of chlorine gas starting at 681 mm Hg is placed under a pressure of 991 mm Hg and reduced to a volume of 513.7 mL. What was the initial volume, in mL, of the chlorine gas container if the process was performed at constant temperature?
Answer:
747.5 mL
Explanation:
Assuming ideal behaviour, we can solve this problem by using Boyle's law, which states that at constant temperature:
P₁V₁ = P₂V₂Where in this case:
P₁ = 681 mm HgV₁ = ?P₂ = 991 mm HgV₂ = 513.7 mLWe input the data given by the problem:
681 mm Hg * V₁ = 991 mm Hg * 513.7 mLAnd solve for V₁:
V₁ = 747.5 mLDi- n- pentyl ether can be converted to 1- bromopentane by treatment with HBr through essentially a(n) ________ mechanism.
Answer:
SN1 mechanism
Explanation:
The mechanism of this reaction is shown in the image attached.
The Di- n- pentyl ether is first protonated. The CH3(CH2)4OH is now a good leaving group as shown.
The attack of the bromide ion on the cation formed completes the mechanism to yield 1- bromopentane as shown in the mechanism.
A piece of solid tin is submerged in silver nitrate solution a reaction occurs producing tin(IV) nitrate solution and solid silver
Write a word equation write a skeleton equation write a balanced chemical equation
Answer:
Tin + silver trioxonitrate V -------->Tin IV nitrate + silver
Explanation:
The term word equation refers to an equation in which the reactants and products are written in words rather than chemical symbols.
Note than tin is above silver in the electrochemical series hence silver will be displaced by tin as follows;
Tin + silver trioxonitrate V -------->Tin IV nitrate + silver
What effect would a decrease in volume have on pressure, assuming that temperature (T) and moles of gas (n) are kept constant
Answer:
Pressure increases
Explanation:
Boyle's law states that; '' the volume of a given mass of ideal gas is inversely proportional to its pressure at constant temperature.
Hence, when the volume of a given mass of ideal gas is decreased, the molecules of the gas come closer together so they collide with each other and the walls of the container more frequently.
This implies that the pressure of the gas increases as volume decreases in accordance with Boyle's law.
Assign priorities in the following set of substituents according to Cahn-Ingold-Prelog rules.
-OCH3 -Br -Cl -CH2OH
А B C D
(Provide your ranking through a string like abcd, starting with the one with the highest priority).
Answer:
Assign priorities in the following set of substituents according to Cahn-Ingold-Prelog rules.
-OCH3 -Br -Cl -CH2OH
Explanation:
To give priorities for the substituents that are attached to chiral carbon and to assign either R or S-configuration the following rules were proposed:
1. The atom with the highest atomic number is given first priority.
2. If the Groups attached to chiral carbon are having the same first atom, then check for the atomic number of the second atom.
Among the given groups,
-Br has the highest atomic number, so it is given first priority.
Then, -Cl.
Then, -OCH3
and the last one is -CH2OH.
Hence, the order is :
BCAD.
g Calculate the number of grams of aluminum that is produced in 1.00 h by the electrolysis of molten AlCl3 if the electrical current is 10.0A.
Answer:
3.36 grams Al°(s)
Explanation:
Given AlCl₃(s), determine the mass (grams) of Al°(s) produced from electrolysis of Aluminum Chloride at 10.0 amps for 1.00 hour.
AlCl₃(s) + 378.3°F (=192.4°C) => Al⁺³(l) + 3Cl⁻(l)
formula wt. Al° = 27g/mol
Faraday Constant (F°) = 96,500 amp·sec
? grams Al°(s) = 10.0amps x (1 mole e⁻/96,500amp-sec) x (1 mole Al°(s)/3 mole e⁻) x (27g Al°(s)/1 mole Al°(s)) x 3,600 sec = 3.36 grams Al°(s)
The 3.36 grams of aluminum are produced in 1 hour by the electrolysis of molten AlCl₃ when 10A current is passed.
What is electrolysis?Electrolysis is a process that uses an electrical current to break chemical compounds. The electric current is passed through the substance to bring the chemical change by gain or loss of electrons.
The electrolysis of the aluminum chloride in the molten state is represented as:
AlCl₃ → Al³⁺ + 3Cl⁻
At cathode: Al³⁺ + 3e⁻ → Al (s)
Given, the current. I = 10 A and t = 1 hr = 3600 s
We know that the current is calculated from the equation: I = q/t
q = I× t
q = (10A) × (3600s)
q = 36 × 10³ C
We know, 96500 C of the charge has electrons = 1 mol
36 × 10³ C of the charge has electrons = 0.373 mol
3 moles of electrons required to produce aluminum = 1 mol
0.373 mol of electrons will produce aluminum = 0.373/3 = 0.124 mol
We know that, the mass of one mole of Al = 27g
The mass of 0.124 mol of Al = 27 × 0.124 = 3.36 g
Therefore, the aluminum produced in 1 hour by the electrolysis of molten AlCl₃ is equal to 3.36 grams.
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54
Penny bought a club moss plant for her water garden. She needs to know how tall the plant will grow so she know
how much space it will need.
How tall will the plant likely grow?
O less than 5 centimeters because it is a seedless vascular plant
less than 5 centimeters because it is a nonvascular plant
O more than 5 centimeters because it is a seedless vascular plant
O more than 5 centimeters because it is a nonvascular plant
Answer:
less than 5 centimeters because it is a nonvascular plant
Explanation:
Mosses are a group of plants under the division Bryophyta. They are said to be the most primitive plant life in existence as they lack true roots, stems and leaves. They also lack vascular system, hence, they are regarded as non-vascular plants. They usually grow in very small sizes (about 0.2 - 10cm).
According to this question, Penny bought a club moss plant for her water garden and needs to know how tall the plant will grow so she know how much space it will need. Since it is a miss plant that lacks vascular tissues i.e. nonvascular, it will likely grow less than 5 centimeters in height.
Answer:
d
Explanation:
The length of a covalent bond depends upon the size of the atoms and the bond order.
a. True
b. False
Answer:
True
Explanation:
The length of covalent bond depends upon the size of atoms and the bond order.
A student obtained an unknown metal sample that weighed 65.3 g and at a temperature of 99.8oC, he placed it in a calorimeter containing 43.7 g of water at 25.7oC. At equilibrium the temperature of the water and metal was 34.5oC. Knowing the specific heat of the water to be 4.18 J/goC, what is the specific heat of the metal
Answer:
0.377 J/gºC
Explanation:
From the question given above, the following data were obtained:
Mass of metal (Mₘ) = 65.3 g
Initial temperature of metal (Tₘ) = 99.8 °C
Mass of water (Mᵥᵥ) = 43.7 g
Initial temperature of water (Tᵥᵥ) = 25.7 °C
Equilibrium temperature (Tₑ) = 34.5 °C
Specific heat capacity of water (Cᵥᵥ) = 4.18 J/gºC
Specific heat capacity of metal (Cₘ) =?
The specific heat capacity of metal can be obtained as illustrated below:
Heat lost by metal = heat gained by water.
MₘCₘ(Tₘ – Tₑ) = MᵥᵥCᵥᵥ(Tₑ – Cᵥᵥ)
65.3 × Cₘ (99.8 – 34.5) = 43.7 × 4.18 (34.5 – 25.7)
65.3Cₘ × 65.3 = 182.666 × 8.8
4264.09Cₘ = 1607.4608
Divide both side by 4264.09
Cₘ = 1607.4608 / 4264.09
Cₘ = 0.377 J/gºC
Therefore the specific heat capacity of the metal is 0.377 J/gºC
A 0.50 mol sample of COBr2 is transferred to a 9.50-L flask and heated until equilibrium is attained. Calculate the equilibrium concentrations of each species.
Answer:
Equlibrium concentration for each species ae as follows:
[CO] = 0.043 mol/L
[Br₂] = 0.043 mol/L
[COBr₂] = 0.01 mol/L
Explanation:
Let take a look at the chemical equation taking place at equilibrium
COBr2(g) ⇄ CO(g) + Br2(g)
The concentration of COBr2 i.e.
[COBr2] = no of moles/volume
= 0.50 mol/9.50 L
[COBr2] = 0.0530 mol/L
At standard conditions
Kc for COBr2 = 0.190
Now, the ICE table for the above reaction can be computed as follows:
COBr2(g) ⇄ CO(g) + Br2(g)
Initial 0.053 0 0
Change -x +x +x
Equilibrium (0.053 - x) x x
[tex]\mathsf{K_c = \dfrac{[CO][Br_2]}{[COBr_2]}}[/tex]
[tex]K_c = \dfrac{(x) (x)}{(0,053 -x)}[/tex]
[tex]0.190= \dfrac{x^2}{(0.053 -x)}[/tex]
x² = 0.190(0.053 - x)
x² = 0.01007 - 0.190x
x² + 0.190x - 0.01007 = 0
Using quadratic formula:
x ≅ 0.043 mol/L
SInce: x = [CO][Br₂] = 0.043 mol/L
[COBr₂] = 0.053 - x
[COBr₂] = 0.053 - 0.043 mol/L
[COBr₂] = 0.01 mol/L
What type of a liquid will have a pH value equal to 12? (1 point)
Basic
Neutral
Strong acid
Weak aci
Answer: it will be basic
pH that ranges from 0-6 are acid
pH of EXACTLY 7 is neutral
pH greater than 7 are strongly basic or base
Identify the intermolecular attractions for dimethyl ether and for ethyl alcohol. Which molecule is expected to be more soluble in water? Explain.
Answer:
See explanation
Explanation:
All molecules possess the London dispersion forces. However London dispersion forces is the only kind of intermolecular interaction that exists in nonpolar substances.
So, the only kind of intermolecular interaction that exists in dimethyl ether is London dispersion forces.
As for ethyl alcohol, the molecule is polar due to the presence of polar O-H bond. In addition to London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions and specifically hydrogen bonding also occurs between the molecules.
Because ethyl alcohol is polar, it is more soluble in water than dimethyl ether.
Which 2 resonance forms destablize the carbocation intermediate if bezonitrile undergoes chlronation at the ortho or para positions
The question is incomplete, the complete question is shown in the image attached
Answer:
A and B
Explanation:
The electrophilic substitution of arenes yields a cation intermediate. The positive charge of the cation is delocalized over the entire ring.
The -CN group directs incoming electrophiles to the ortho/para position. The resonance structures for the chlorination of benzonitrile are shown in the question.
Recall that -CN is an electron withdrawing group. The resonance forms that destablize the carbocation intermediate are those in which the -CN group is directly attached to the carbon atom bearing the positive charge as in structures A and B.
The density of aluminum is 2.7 g/cm3.
Part A
What is its density in kilograms per cubic meter?
Express your answer in kilograms per cubic meter to two significant figures.
Answer:
2700 kg/m³
Explanation:
First let's convert 2.7 g/cm³ to kg/cm³, keeping in mind that 1 kilogram equals 1000 grams:
2.7 g/cm³ * [tex]\frac{1kg}{1000g}[/tex] = 0.0027 kg/cm³Finally we need to convert 0.0027 kg/cm³ to kg/m³, keeping in mind that 1 meter equals 100 centimeters, as follows:
0.0027 kg/cm³ * [tex](\frac{100cm}{1m} )^3[/tex] = 2700 kg/m³The answer is 2700 kg/m³.
A ball is thrown straight up into the air with a speed of 21 m/s. If the ball has a mass of 0.1 kg, how high does the ball go? Acceleration due to gravity is g = 9.8 m/s^2
Answer:
answer = 22.5m
Explanation:
using
[tex]s = \frac{ {v}^{2} - {4}^{2} }{2a} [/tex]
s= (0²-21²)/2(-9.8)
s= -441/19.6
s= 22.5m
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If you could travel at the speed of light, how long would it take to travel from one side of the Milky Way galaxy to the other?
Answer:
It would take 200,000 years for a spaceship traveling at the speed of light to go across the entire galaxy.
Consider the following equilibrium:
2H2(g)+S2(g)⇌2H2S(g)Kc=1.08×107 at 700 ∘C.
What is Kp?
Answer:
Consider the following equilibrium:
2H2(g)+S2(g)⇌2H2S(g)Kc=1.08×107 at 700 ∘C.
What is Kp?
Explanation:
Given,
[tex]Kc=1.08 * 10^7[/tex]
The relation between Kp and Kc is:
[tex]Kp=Kc * (RT)^d^e^l^t^a^(^n^)[/tex]
Where delta n represents the change in the number of moles.
For the given equation,
The Delta n = Number of moles of products - number of moles of reactants
(2-(2+1))
=-1.
Hence,
Kp=Kc/RT.
Thus,
[tex]Kp=1.08 * 10^7 / 8.314 J.K6-1.mol^-^1 x 973 K\\Kp=1335.06[/tex]
The answer is Kp=1335.06
The value of [tex]K_p[/tex] is [tex]1.35\times 10^5[/tex].
Explanation:
The relation between [tex]K_p \& K_c[/tex] is given by:
[tex]K_p=K_c(RT)^{\Delta n_g}[/tex]
Where:
[tex]K_c[/tex] = The equilibrium constant of reaction in terms of concentration
[tex]K_p[/tex] = The equilibrium constant of reaction in terms of partial pressure
R= The universal gas constant
T = The temperature of the equilibrium
[tex]n_g[/tex]= Change in gaseus moles
Given:
An equilibrium reaction, 700°C:
[tex]2H_2(g)+S_2(g)\rightleftharpoons 2H_2S(g),K_c=1.08\times 10^7[/tex]
To find:
The equilibrium constant in terms of partial pressure, [tex]K_p[/tex].
Solution:
The equilibrium constant of reaction in terms of concentration= [tex]K_c[/tex]
[tex]K_c=1.08\times 10^7[/tex]
The equilibrium constant of reaction in terms of partial pressure =[tex]K_p=?[/tex]
The gaseous moles of reactant side = [tex]n_r= 3[/tex]
The gaseous moles of product side = [tex]n_p= 2[/tex]
The temperature at which equilibrium is given = T
[tex]T = 700^oC+273.15 K=973.15K[/tex]
The change in gaseous mole = [tex]n_g=n_p-n_r=2-3 = -1[/tex]
[tex]K_p=1.08\times 10^7\times (0.0821 atm L/mol K\times 973.15 K)^{-1}\\K_p=1.35\times 10^5[/tex]
The value of [tex]K_p[/tex] is [tex]1.35\times 10^5[/tex].
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is -2 degrees Fahrenheit warmer or is -17 degrees fahrenheit?
Select the missing words to complete the definition of buffer capacity. Buffer capacity is the _____________ of acid or base a buffer can handle before pushing the _____________ outside of the buffer range.
Answer:
amount, pH value.
Explanation:
The buffer range is the pH range in which the buffer performs optimally, i.e., neutralizes even when a strong acid or base is introduced to it and resists any major change in its pH value.
The buffer capacity is the amount of acid or base that can be added before the pH of the buffer solution changes significantly.
Thus, the final statement becomes,
Buffer capacity is the amount of acid or base a buffer can handle before pushing the pH value outside of the buffer range.
Answer:
Amount
pH value
Buffer capacity is the amount of acid or base a buffer can handle before pushing the pH outside of the buffer range.
A buffer however consists of a weak acid and its conjugate base.Its major advantage is the ability to resist changes in pH when an acid or a base is added to the solution.
The human blood is also an example of a buffer solution as it is able to resist changes in pH when we eat or drink certain types of food.
An example of a buffer include acetic acid (HC₂H₃O₂) which is a weak acid and sodium acetate (NaC₂H₃O₂) which is a salt derived from that acid).
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In the titration of 82.0 mL of 0.400 M HCOOH with 0.150 M LiOH, how many mL of LiOH are required to reach the equivalence point
Answer:
218.7 mL
Explanation:
The reaction that takes place is:
HCOOH + LiOH → LiCOOH + H₂OFirst we calculate how many HCOOH moles reacted, using the given volume and concentration:
82.0 mL * 0.400 M = 32.8 mmol HCOOHAs 1 HCOOH mol reacts with 1 LiOH mol, 32.8 mmoles of LiOH are needed to react with 32.8 mmoles of HCOOH.
Finally we calculate how many mL of a 0.150 M solution would contain 32.8 mmoles:
32.8 mmol / 0.150 M = 218.7 mLEXTRACTION OF CAFFEINE 1.Explain the reason each step of the separation is performed with three portions of the solvent rather than with a single portion of solvent. (e.g. Done in triplicate.) (0.5 pt) 2.Why should a separatory funnel not be vigorously shaken
Answer:
Throughout the explanations section below you will find a description of the question.
Explanation:
(1)
Whether a solution would be positioned inside a separative funnel, combined water, as well as solvent, disintegrate particulate caffeine. In every stage, the caffeine content incorporated relies upon the coefficient of caffeine partitioning throughout the combination of water as well as fluid.Thus, increasingly caffeine is taken from the solvent whenever the moment you bring additional solvent. Consequently, we separate the solvent from the single component.(2)
For compounds to be mixed thoroughly and separated into different layers, a shuddering mixture within the dividing funnel would be essential.However, it vibrates the separation funnel forcefully, restricts airflow within the funnel, which can also induce the fluid under it to burst or causing fluid to fire.A vessel is filled at a rate of 3.41 cubic micrometers per minute. If the vessel has a volume of 54 liters, how many
seconds will it take to fill the vessel? provide a step buy step explanation.
Answer:
9.5x10¹⁷ s
Explanation:
First we convert 3.41 cubic micrometers (um³) to liters (L), as such:
3.41 um³ * [tex](\frac{1m}{10^6um} )^3*\frac{1000L}{1m^3}[/tex] = 3.41x10⁻¹⁵ LWith the converted rate of 3.41x10⁻¹⁵ L/min, we can calculate how many minutes it would take to fill a 54 L vessel:
54 L ÷ 3.41x10⁻¹⁵ L/min = 1.58x10¹⁶ minFinally we convert 1.58x10¹⁶ minutes to seconds:
1.58x10¹⁶ * 60 = 9.5x10¹⁷ sWhat is different between margerine and butter in term of organic chemistry
Answer:
The most important difference between the two is that butter is derived from dairy and is rich in saturated fats, whereas margarine is made from plant oils. ... If the margarine contains partially hydrogenated oils, it will contain trans fat, even if the label claims that it has 0 g.
Explanation:
(⌒_⌒;)
write any two things that should be remembered while writing chemical equation
Answer:
the product and the reactant must be balanced
if u are required to give the mechanism if the reaction it must be written
If a student drops 2.3g pieces of magnesium into a flask of hydrochloric acid, this reaction occurs: Mg + 2HCl= MgCl2 + H2
How many liters of hydrogen can be produced at a pressure of 2 atm and a temperature of 298 K
Answer:
1.2 L
Explanation:
Step 1: Write the balanced equation
Mg + 2 HCl ⇒ MgCl₂ + H₂
Step 2: Calculate the moles corresponding to 2.3 g of Mg
The molar mass of Mg is 24.31 g/mol.
2.3 g × 1 mol/24.31 g = 0.095 mol
Step 3: Calculate the moles of H₂ produced
0.095 mol Mg × 1 mol H₂/1 mol Mg = 0.095 mol H₂
Step 4: Calculate the volume occupied by the hydrogen
We will use the ideal gas equation.
P × V = n × R × T
V = n × R × T/P
V = 0.095 mol × (0.0821 atm.L/mol.K) × 298 K/2 atm = 1.2 L
How many atoms are in 5.70 x 10^32 mol of Rn?
There are 3.43 × [tex]10^{56}[/tex] atom will be present in 5.70 x [tex]10^{32}[/tex] mol of Rn.
What is atom?The basic number of matter that may be broken even without producing electrically charged molecules is the atom.
Calculation of atom:
It is given that number of mol = 5.70 x [tex]10^{32}[/tex] mol.
Then, the number of atom = 5.70 x [tex]10^{32}[/tex] mol × 6.02 × [tex]10^{23}[/tex].= 3.43 × [tex]10^{56}[/tex] atom.
Therefore, there are 3.43 × [tex]10^{56}[/tex] atom will be present in 5.70 x [tex]10^{32}[/tex] mol of Rn.
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Suppose 20.8 g of sodium iodide is dissolved in 250. mL of a 0.70 M aqueous solution of silver nitrate. Calculate the final molarity of ALL IONS in the solution. You can assume the volume of the solution doesn't change when the sodium iodide is dissolved in it. Round your answer to 3 significant digits.
Answer:
[Ag+] = [NO3-] = 0.700M
0.555M = [Na+] = [I-]
Explanation:
To solve this question we need to find the moles of sodium iodide, NaI, using its molar mass -. With the moles and the volume we can find the molarity of Na+ and I-. The molarity of the ions of silver nitrate, AgNO3 doesn't change because we are assuming the volume doesn't change:
Molarity Ag⁺ = Molarity NO₃⁻ = 0.700M
Moles NaI -Molar mass: 149.89g/mol-
20.8g NaI * (1mol/149.89g) = 0.0139 moles NaI
Molarity:
0.0139 moles NaI / 0.250L = 0.555M = [Na+] = [I-]
How many ml of 0.24 M HBr solution are needed to react completely with 10.00 ml of 0.24 M Sr(OH)2 solution
Answer:
10mL
Explanation:
Using the formula as follows:
CaVa = CbVb
Where;
Ca = concentration of acid, HBr (M)
Cb = concentration of base, Sr(OH)2 (M)
Va = volume of acid, HBr (Litres)
Vb = volume of base, Sr(OH)2 (Litres)
According to the information given in this question;
Ca = 0.24M
Cb = 0.24M
Va = ?
Vb = 10.0ml
Using CaVa = CbVb
0.24 × Va = 0.24 × 10
0.24Va = 2.4
Va = 2.4 ÷ 0.24
Va = 10mL
10mL of HBr is needed.
how many lone pair electrons are on the central oxygen atom in the Lewis structure for dinitrogen pentoxide 9
Answer:
Two
Explanation:
Lone pairs are electron pairs on an atom that resides only with one of the atoms in a molecule.
Dinitrogen pentaoxide is shown in the image attached. There are five oxygen atoms and two nitrogen atoms in the molecule. The molecule has a total of 40 valence electrons.
There are two electrons present on the central oxygen atom in the Lewis structure of dinitrogen pentaoxide as shown in the image attached.
Which of the following describes an organisms habitat?
A) where the organism lives
B) how the organism moves
C) what the organism eats
D) what eats the organism
Answer:
A) habitat
Explanation:
a habitat is essentially the organisms "home". also known as a "niche"