The standard change in free energy is -35.76 kJ/mol. Values of standard free energy are obtained from thermodynamic tables.
What is the standard change in free energy?The standard change in free energy can be obtained using the relation;
ΔG°= ΔH° - TΔS
When;
ΔH°f(HI) = 26.466 kJ/mol
ΔH°f(H2) = 0 kJ/mol
ΔH°f(I2) = 0 kJ/mol
ΔS°f(HI) = 221.63 J/K/mol
ΔS°f(H2) = 145.64 J/K/mol
ΔS°f(I2) = 0 J/K/mol
Hence;
ΔH°freaction = [ 2(26.466)] - 0
= 52.932 kJ/mol
ΔS°freaction = [2(221.63 ) ] - [145.64 + 0]
= 443.26 - 145.64 = 297.62 J/K/mol
ΔG°= 52.932 * 10^3 - [298 * 297.62 ]
ΔG°= -35.76 kJ/mol
The standard change in free energy is -35.76 kJ/mol.
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The change in free energy for the given chemical reaction between hydrogen and iodine gas is -31.068 kJ/mol.
How do we calculate the free energy change?Free energy change of any reaction will be calculated by using the below equation:
ΔG° = ΔH° - TΔS, where
ΔH° = change in enthalpy
T = absolute temperature = 298K
ΔS = change in entropy
Change in any quantity during the reaction will be find out by substracting the reactant values from product values.
Given chemical reaction is:
H₂(g) + I₂(g) → 2HI(g)
ΔH° = 2(26.466)] - 0 = 52.932 kJ/mol
ΔS = [2(206.6) ] - [131 + 0] = 413.2 - 131 = 282.2 J/K.mol = 0.282 kJ/K.mol
On putting values on above equation, we get
ΔG° = 52.932 - (298)(0.282) = -31.068 kJ/mol
Hence required free enrgy is -31.068 kJ/mol.
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The part of an atom that is responsible for the bonding of atoms is
Answer:
the answer is electrons
Explanation:
electrons are responsible for the chemical bonding.
A sample of nitrogen occupies 10.0 liters at 25oC , what would be the new volume at 20oC?
Apply Charles law
[tex]\\ \bf\bull\rightarrowtail V1T2=V_2T1[/tex]
[tex]\\ \bf\bull\rightarrowtail 10(20)=25V_2[/tex]
[tex]\\ \bf\bull\rightarrowtail 200=25V_2[/tex]
[tex]\\ \bf\bull\rightarrowtail V_2=8L[/tex]
Answer:
hope it's helpful to you
At what number carbon does the phosphate group connect to the sugar?.
The phosphate group attached to the 5' carbon of the sugar on one nucleotide forms an ester bond with the free hydroxyl on the 3' carbon of the next nucleotide.
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Which one of the following is a thermosetting plastic?
A. PET
B. Acrylic
C. Melamine
D. Polylactide
Answer:
Answer: C
Melamine resin or melamine formaldehyde (also shortened to melamine) is a resin with melamine rings terminated with multiple hydroxyl groups derived from formaldehyde. This thermosetting plastic material is made from melamine and formaldehyde.
Melamine formaldehyde is a thermosetting plastic (or thermoset) that strengthens as it is heated during its preparation.
Solutions of monosodium phosphate and disodium phosphate are combined in equal volume to produce a buffer. Identify the combination that will produce the buffer with the highest buffer capacity
Answer: 0.1M NaH2PO4 & 0.1M Na2HPO4
Explanation:
what mass TiO2 needs to be dissolved in water to make 0.45 mL of a 0.700 M TiO2 solution
No of moles:-
[tex]\\ \tt\Rrightarrow Molarity (Volume)[/tex]
[tex]\\ \tt\Rrightarrow 0.00045(0.7)[/tex]
[tex]\\ \tt\Rrightarrow 0.000315mol[/tex]
Molar mass of TiO_2=79.866g/molMass:-
0.000315(79.866)=0.025157779gWhich substance is known as the universal solvent because it dissolves more solutes than any other solvent?.
Answer:
Water(H20)
Explanation:
Water is called the universal solvent because more substances dissolve in water than in any other chemical. This has to do with the polarity of each water molecule. The hydrogen side of each water (H2O) molecule carries a slight positive electric charge, while the oxygen side carries a slight negative electric charge.
Based on the graph what is the approximate half-life of the reaction shown below
What is the term for the heat content of a system?
Enthalpy
Entropy
Energy
Joule
Answer:
Enthalpy
Explanation:
The term entropy is used to express the particle scattering of a system.The term joule is a unit of energy.
Which statement best describes the use of a chemical indicator in a titration? It must be measured to the nearest 0. 01 mL. It must be colored in the acid solution. It must measure pH directly at all pH values. It must change color near the equivalence point.
The statement that best describes the use of a chemical indicator in a titration is it must change color near the equivalence point.
What are indicators?Indicators are those compounds which are used in the titration process to estimate the presence of chemical entities in it.
In the titration process, indicator is added in the titration solution which changes its color when the reaction mixture goes towards the equivalence point and becomes disappear at that point.
Hence option (4) is correct.
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Voluntary muscles
a.are muscles that work automatically.
b.are only in your arms and legs.
c.are muscles that you can control.
d.are muscles that push.
Answer: C.
Explanation:
Voluntary muscle are muscles that you can control.
Devise a two‑step synthesis of the alkene from the ketone using the reagents provided
We can convert ketones to alkenes by the use of;
1)B2H6 in THF
2) H2O2/NaOH
What is a ketone?A ketone is a compound of the sort RCO. The compound contains a carbon - oxygen double bond. The ketone can be used in the synthesis of an alkene. The question is incomplete hence I can only give a general answer.
The reaction involves the following reagents;
1)B2H6 in THF
2) H2O2/NaOH
When these two reagents are applied any ketone can be converted to an alkene.
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The two-step synthesis of the alkene from the ketone using the reagents provided is
Step1: B₂H₆ in THF.
Step2: H₂O₂ / NaOH
What is alkene?An alkene is a hydrocarbon compound containing double bonds between carbons.
The process of making alkenes from ketones or aldehyde is called the witting reaction or witting olefination.
Thus, the two-step synthesis of the alkene from the ketone using the reagents provided is
Step1: B₂H₆ in THF.
Step2: H₂O₂ / NaOH
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Round the mmHg readings to the nearest whole number. Round the kPa readings to the nearest tenth. Round the atm readings to the nearest hundredth. Convert a pressure of 2.29 atm to ____ mm Hg.
The pressure of 2.29 atm can be converted to [tex]1740.4 mm Hg.[/tex]
What is conversation?Conversation is a way of writing a value in another unit, it helps to reduce large values by using a unit.
It should be noted that 1 atm. =760.0 mm Hg
We were given 2.29 atm, the we can convert it to mm Hg. as;
[tex][ 2.29 atm* 760.0 mmHg / atm.][/tex]
= 1740.4 mm Hg.
Therefore, The pressure of 2.29 atm can be converted to [tex]1740.4 mm Hg.[/tex]
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A chemist uses 0.25 l of 2.00 m h2so4 to completely neutralize a 2.00 l of solution of naoh. the balanced chemical equation of the reaction is given below. 2naoh h2so4 right arrow. na2so4 2h2o what is the concentration of naoh that is used?
The concentration of NaOH that is used to completely neutralize is 0.25 Liters.
How do we calculate concentration?We will calculate the concentration in terms of molarity by using the below formula:
M₁V₁ = M₂V₂, where
M₁ = molarity of H₂SO₄ = 2m
V₁ = volume of H₂SO₄ = 0.25 L
M₂ = molarity of NaOH = ?
V₂ = volume of NaOH = 2 L
On putting all these values on the above equation, we get
M₂ = (2)(0.25) / (2) = 0.25 L
Hence required volume is 0.25 L.
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balance the equation
___NaBr + ___ Ca(OH)2 -----> ___CaBr2 + ___NaOH
Answer:
2NaBr + Ca(OH)2 ––> CaBr2 + 2NaOH
Describe how to express the rate of a chemical reaction
Answer: A “rate” is a measure of the speed of any change that occurs within an interval of time In chemistry, reaction rate is expressed as the amount of reactant changing per unit time. Example: 3 moles/year, or 5 grams/second
Explanation: A “rate” is a measure of the speed of any change that occurs within an interval of time In chemistry, reaction rate is expressed as the amount of reactant changing per unit time. Example: 3 moles/year, or 5 grams/second
Answer:
Chemical reaction rates are usually expressed as the concentration of reactant consumed or, the concentration of product formed per unit time.
Explanation:
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On the moon, there is no air resistance. What forces (F) are acting on the hammer and
feather as they fall? How do you know?
Answer:
Gravitional Force
Explanation:
Every planet has a gravitational pull which attracts all objects; the moon is no exception. It says forces in the question but I know for sure gravitational force is apart of it.
An ice cube is placed on the counter, as seen below. Draw an arrow to show the direction of heat transfer to or from the ice/water. Explain your answer.
Answer:
The arrow would be facing upwards from the counter to the icecube.
Explanation:
Heat flows from the counter to the ice causing the molecules in the counter to move more slowly.
An ice cube is placed on the counter, The arrow would be facing upwards from the counter to the ice cube. This is the property of water.
what are the properties of water molecule ?It is tasteless, odorless, or transparent, nucleus of the oxygen atom and the electrons strongly than the nuclei of the hydrogen atoms.
In water molecule oxygen is electro negative than hydrogen, results in the development of a partial negative charge on the oxygen and a partial positive charge on the hydrogen end.
Water have a strong cohesive property where the attraction of molecules with other molecules of the same kind is referred to as cohesion.
Surface tension of the water is defined as the tendency of the surface to resist rupture when they are subjected to stress due to cohesive forces.
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Typical household bleach has a ph of 13. what is the h3o concentration in household bleach? round to the nearest hundredth. × 10n m n =
Typical household bleach has a value of pH of 13, so the concentration of H₃O⁺ in household bleach is 1 × 10⁻¹³ M.
What is pH?pH of any solution is defined as the negative logarithm of the concentration of H⁺ ion presnt in the solution.
pH = -log[H⁺]
From this equation we can calculate the concentration of H⁺ ion by removing logarithm as:
[H⁺] = [tex]10^{-pH}[/tex]
Given value of pH = 13
[H⁺] = 10⁻¹³ M
Hence, required concentration is 1 × 10⁻¹³ M.
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Answer:
1st blank is 1.00
2nd blank is -13
Explanation:
Which diatomic molecule or ion has the shortest bond length?
Explanation:
The shortest bond distance is at N2 due to its high bond order of 3. From N2 to F2 the bond distance increases despite the fact that atomic radius decreases.
H₂ is the diatomic molecule or ion that has the shortest bond length.
What are diatomic molecules?
Diatomic atoms are those atoms which are composed of two atoms that are joined by a chemical bond.
H₂ is the simplest diatomic molecule is this.
It is diamagnetic and has only two molecular orbitals (g and u), two electrons, and a bond order of one.
It has a 74 pm bond length.
Thus, H₂ is the diatomic molecule or ion that has the shortest bond length.
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which of these elements has the smallest atomic radius
How long does sucrose take to decompose? Why?
I need help!
Answer:
The loss of crystalline structure of sucrose was reported at various temperatures, but decomposition, after >50 h of holding at 120 °C in a sealed pan.
Explanation:
As this condition is above the melting temperature of fructose (a possible first decomposition product), and there were water and impurities.
A sample of carbon dioxide gas at 125°c and 248 torr occupies a volume of 275 l. What will the gas pressure be if the volume is increased to 321 l at 125°c?.
The new pressure of gas when the volume of the gas is increase to 321 L at 125 °C is 212.46 torr
Data obtained from the question Initial pressure (P₁) = 248 torrInitial volume (V₁) = 275 LTemperature = 125 °C = constant New Volume (V₂) = 321 LNew pressure (P₂) =?How to determine the new pressure
The new pressure of the gas can be obtained by using the Boyle's law equation since the temperature is constant. This is illustrated below:
P₁V₁ = P₂V₂
248 × 275 = P₂ × 321
68200 = P₂ × 321
Divide both side by 321
P₂ = 68200 / 321
P₂ = 212.46 torr
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Calculate the molarity of each of the following solutions. Use the periodic table if necessary. A salt solution with a volume of 250 mL that contains 0. 70 mol NaCl. M.
The molarity of the NaCl in the 250 ml slat solution is 2.8M.
What is molarity?
The molarity of a solution is defined as the concentration of a solute per unit volume of the solution.
Given, the volume of the solution is 250 ml converted into l 0.25
The number of moles of NaCl is 0.70.
By the formula of molarity
[tex]M = \dfrac{n}{V}\\\\\\M = \dfrac{0.70}{0.25} = 2.8 M[/tex]
Thus, the molarity is 2.8 M.
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What temperature scale is used in gas law calculations.
Answer: You used the Kelvin scale.
Explanation: this is because its multiplied by the temperature im not sure.
is the soda ginger ale(canada dry) a weak acid or a strong acid? why
Answer:
Ginger ale is a strong acid
Explanation:
This is because of the high amounts of carbonic acid that it contains, putting it below the 4.6 Ph threshold.
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One of the advantages of nylon over rayon is that nylon:
A. Is wrinkle free.
B. Has low elasticity
C. Is a natural fibre
D. Is a good conductor of electricity
Answer:
I think it is D.
Explanation:
Sry if I am wrong...
Answer:
wrinkle free
Explanation:
Nylon fabric is easy to wash so it's wrinkle free.Nylon is highly elastic and waterproof fabric.So it's highly used by mountaineers .What causes “gaps in the rock record” and how is that described?
Answer:
An unconformity is a widespread surface separating rocks above and below, which represents a gap in the rock record. Unconformities occur when either erosion wears away rocks, or rock deposits never form. Therefore, a time gap exists between when the rocks below the unconformity formed and when those above it formed.
Explanation:
Which statement best describes the organization of the Periodic Table of the Elements?
A. Elements within a period have the same number of electrons.
B. Gases easily form compounds with other elements.
C. All gases are grouped together.
D. Elements within a group have similar properties
D. Elements within a group have similar properties.
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Give the ratio in which hydrogen and oxygen are present in water by volume.
(a) 1:2
(b) 1:1
(c) 2:1
(d) 1:8
Answer:
Explanation:
The volume of Hydrogen and Oxygen molecules are not the same but assuming that they are, the ratio in water which is H2O would be
(c) 2:1