Explanation:
Medicare and social security contributions. ...
Worker's compensation insurance. ...
Minimum wage and overtime pay. ...
Health insurance. ...
Medical and family leave. ...
Disability insurance. ...
Wellness programs. ...
Commuter benefits.
On January 1, 2021, Nath-Langstrom Services, Inc., a computer software training firm, leased several computers under a two-year operating lease agreement from ComputerWorld Leasing, which routinely finances equipment for other firms at an annual interest rate of 6%. The contract calls for four rent payments of $14,000 each, payable semiannually on June 30 and December 31 each year. The computers were acquired by ComputerWorld at a cost of $98,000 and were expected to have a useful life of seven years with no residual value. Both firms record amortization and depreciation semiannually. (FV of $1, PV of $1, FVA of $1, PVA of $1, FVAD of $1 and PVAD of $1) (Use appropriate factor(s) from the tables provided.) Required: 1. Prepare appropriate journal entries recorded by Nath-Langstrom Services for the first year of the lease. 2. Prepare appropriate journal entries recorded by ComputerWorld Leasing for the first year of the lease.
Answer:
Nath-Langstrom Services, Inc.
And
ComputerWorld Leasing
1. Journal entries by Nath-Langstrom Services for the first year of the lease:
Jan. 1, 2021:
Debit Right of Use Asset $52,039.38
Credit Lease Liability $52,039.38
To record the Right of Use Asset.
June 30, 2021:
Debit Interest Expense $1,561.18
Debit Lease Liability $12,438.82
Credit Cash $14,000
To record the semiannual payment of the lease liability.
Debit Lease Amortization Expense $13,010
Credit Accumulated Amortization $13,010
To record amortize the Right of Use Asset.
December 31, 2021:
Debit Interest Expense $1,188.02
Debit Lease Liability $12,811.98
Credit Cash $14,000
To record the semiannual payment of the lease liability.
Debit Lease Amortization Expense $13,010
Credit Accumulated Amortization $13,010
To amortize the Right of Use Asset.
2. Journal Entries by ComputerWorld Leasing for the first year of the lease:
Jan. 1. 2021:
Debit Lease Receivable $52,039.38
Credit Leased Assets $52,039.38
To record the lease receivable.
June 30, 2021:
Debit Cash $14,000
Credit Interest Income $1,561.18
Credit Lease Receivable $12,438.82
To record the receipt of the first lease payment.
Debit Depreciation Expense $7,000
Credit Accumulated Depreciation $7,000
To depreciate the leased asset.
December 31, 2021:
Debit Cash $14,000
Credit Interest Income $1,188.02
Credit Lease Receivable $12,811.98
To record the receipt of lease payment.
Debit Depreciation Expense $7,000
Credit Accumulated Depreciation $7,000
To depreciation the leased asset.
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Annual interest rate = 6%
Semiannual rental payment = $14,000
Period of lease = 2 years
Number of lease payments = 4
Cost of computers to ComputerWorld = $98,000
Estimated useful life of computers = 7 years
Residual value = $0
N (# of periods) 4
I/Y (Interest per year) 6
PMT (Periodic Payment) 14000
FV (Future Value) 0
Results
PV = $52,039.38
Sum of all periodic payments $56,000.00
Total Interest $3,960.62
Schedule
Period PV PMT Interest FV
1 $52,039.38 $14,000.00 $1,561.18 $39,600.56
2 $39,600.56 $14,000.00 $1,188.02 $26,788.58
Year #1 end
3 $26,788.58 $14,000.00 $803.66 $13,592.23
4 $13,592.23 $14,000.00 $407.77 $0.00
We must take into account the provisions of the lease contract and the relevant accounting guidelines for operating leases in order to create the journal entries for Nath-Langstrom Services, Inc. (the lessee) and ComputerWorld Leasing (the lessor) for the first year of the lease.
Given
Cost = $98,000
semiannually = $7,000 = $14,000/ 2
Required to pass Journal entries in the books of Nath-Langstrom Services, Inc. and ComputerWorld Leasing
1. Journal entries recorded by Nath-Langstrom Services, Inc.:
On January 1, 2021 (lease inception):
Lease Right-of-Use Asset $98,000
Lease Liability $98,000
On June 30, 2021 (first semiannual payment):
Lease Liability $7,000
Cash $7,000
On December 31, 2021 (second semiannual payment):
Lease Liability $7,000
Cash $7,000
2. Journal entries recorded by ComputerWorld Leasing (the lessor):
On January 1, 2021 (lease inception):
Lease Receivable $98,000
Equipment $98,000
On June 30, 2021 (first semiannual payment):
Cash $7,000
Lease Receivable $7,000
On December 31, 2021 (second semiannual payment):
Cash $7,000
Lease Receivable $7,000
Therefore, the following are the required journal entries in the books of Nath-Langstrom Services, Inc. and ComputerWorld Leasing.
Learn more about journal entries here:
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what are the characteristics of effective communication
Answer:
Clear—main ideas easily identified and understood.
Concise—gets to the point without using unneeded words or images.
Concrete—includes specific examples or explanations.
Correct—in information, word choice, and grammar.
Coherent—information presented in a logical sequence.
Completeness. Effective communications are complete, i.e. the receiver gets all the information he needs to process the message and take action. ...
Conciseness. Conciseness is about keeping your message to a point. ...
Consideration. ...
Concreteness. ...
Courtesy. ...
Clearness. ...
Correctness.
Explanation:
Hope this helps.
The company's bank reconciliation at June 30 included interest earned in the amount of $150. Complete the necessary journal entry by selecting the account names and dollar amounts from the drop-down menus.
Answer:
Dr Cash $150
Cr Interest Revenue $150
Explanation:
Based on the information given ifnThe bank statement included a CREDIT MEMORANDUM in the amount of $150 for interest which means that the journal entry will be :
Dr Cash $150
Cr Interest Revenue $150
Credit terms are terms for a.when payments for merchandise are to be made with cash. b.when the payments for merchandise are to be made. c.when the returns of merchandise are to be made. d.when inventory is purchased.
Answer: b.when the payments for merchandise are to be made.
Explanation:
Credit terms refers to the payment terms which are mentioned on the invoice when a good is bought.
Credit terms are terms for when payments for merchandise are to be made. Credit Terms are made during sales on account. The credit term shows the discount rate tahts offered to the costumer and the time limit that the creditor is expected to pay.
Your company expects to receive CAD 1,200,000 in 90 days. The 90 day forward rate for CAD is $0.80 and the current spot rate is $0.75. If you use a forward hedge, estimate the cost of hedging the receivable if, 90 days later, the spot rate for CAD 90 days later turns out to be $0.82.
a. $50,000
b. $50,000
c. $75,000
d. $75,000
Answer:
Cost of hedging = $24,000
Explanation:
cost of hedging = 1,200,000 * ($0.80 - $0.82) = 1,200,000 * $0.02 = -$24,000
Since the actual forward rate was higher than th eexpected forward rte, the coampny lost money by hedging the operation. The cost of hedging the operation was $24,000.
According to the liquidity preference model, the equilibrium interest rate is determined by the: International Monetary Fund. supply of and demand for money. supply of and demand for loanable funds. level of investment spending and saving.
Answer:
Supply of and demand for money.
Explanation:
The equilibrium interest rate is determined by the demand and supply of the money. The interest rate is represented by the verticle axis of the graph and supply and demand for money is represented by the horizontal axis. Thus, the point of intersection between supply curve and demand curve determines the equilibrium interest rate.
process which is followed to monitor the movement of stock in a company
Answer:
it known as stock control
When something is evaluated according to ______, this is called finding the value on an ad valorem basis.
Answer:
its value.
Explanation:
Ad valorem is a Latin word for "according to value" and as such it simply means to evaluate something according to its value.
Hence, when something is evaluated according to its value, this is called finding the value on an ad valorem basis.
Taxation can be defined as the involuntary or compulsory fees levied on individuals or business entities by the government to generate revenues used for funding public institutions and activities.
In Taxation, we have what is referred to as ad valorem tax which refers to a property tax.
Property tax is a type of tax that is charged or levied based on the value of a person's home or business. Thus, it is mainly taxed on physical assets or properties such as land, building, cars, business, etc.
A jewelry manufacturer incurred the following costs: 15,000 units produced with costs of $557,500, and 5,000 units produced with costs of $292,500. Which cost formula would you estimate using the high-low method? Group of answer choices Y=$265,000+$37.17X Y=$160,000+$17.67X Y=$265,000+$58.50X Y=$160,000+$26.50X
Answer:
Y=$160,000+$26.50X
Explanation:
Variable Cost = $26.50
Fixed Cost = $160,000
cost formula would you estimate using the high-low method : Y=$160,000+$26.50X
QS 5-1 Inventory ownership LO C1 Homestead Crafts, a distributor of handmade gifts, operates out of owner Emma Finn’s house. At the end of the current period, Emma looks over her inventory and finds that she has 1,800 units (products) in her basement, 27 of which were damaged by water and cannot be sold. 100 units in her van, ready to deliver per a customer order, terms FOB destination. 120 units out on consignment to a friend who owns a retail store. How many units should Emma include in her company’s period-end inventory?
Answer:
1,993 units
Explanation:
Calculation to determine How many units should Emma include in her company's period-end inventory
Units in Ending Inventory:
Units of Product on hand: 1,800 units
Add Units in transit 100
Add Units on consignment 120
Less:Damaged units (27)
Total units in period-end inventory 1,993 units
Therefore How many units should Emma include in her company's period-end inventory is 1,993 units
You are currently in a sorting module. Turn off browse mode or quick nav, Tab to items, Space or Enter to pick up, Tab to move, Space or Enter to drop. Which of the statements are true regarding the inflation tax?IncreasedDecreasedNot affectedAnswer Banka. rate of the forward reactionb. activation energy of the forward reactionc. activation energy of the reverse reactiond. rate of the reverse reaction
Answer:
The federal government reserves the power to print money. By printing money to pay its debts, the government decreases the value of money and causes the inflation tax.Explanation:
As per the Constitution, the Federal government reserves the sole right to print currency. This ensures that all the states have a stable medium of exchange thereby allowing goods and services to flow across states undisturbed.
When the government prints money to enable it pay off its debt, the value of the currency decreases because the supply of money has increased relative to its demand. As a result, the currency will only be able to buy less than it was able to buy before thereby creating a sort of inflation tax because people would be paying an extra amount in order to purchase goods and services
Ming Chen began a professional practice on June 1 and plans to prepare financial statements at the end of each month. During June, Ming Chen (the owner) completed these transactions.a. Owner invested $60,000 cash in the company along with equipment that had a $15,000 market value.b. The company paid $1,500 cash for rent of office space for the month.c. The company purchased $10,000 of additional equipment on credit (payment due within 30 days).d. The company completed work for a client and immediately collected the $2,500 cash earned.e. The company completed work for a client and sent a bill for $8,000 to be received within 30 days.f. The company purchased additional equipment for $6,000 cash.g. The company paid an assistant $3,000 cash as wages for the month.h. The company collected $5,000 cash as a partial payment for the amount owed by the client in transaction e.i. The company paid $10,000 cash to settle the liability created in transaction c.j. Owner withdrew $1,000 cash from the company for personal use.RequiredCreate the following table similar to the one in Exhibit 1.9.Equity Assets Liabilities + Expenses Cash + Receivable + Equipment = Payable + M. Chen, Capital M. Chen, + Revenues AccoThen use additions and subtractions to show the dollar effects of the transactions on individual items of the accounting equation. Show new balances after each transaction.
Answer:
The accounting equation holds as follows:
Asset = Liabilities + Equity = $80,000
Explanation:
Note: See the attached excel file for the analysis of the Effect of June Transactions on the Accounting Equation
From the last balances in the attached excel file, we have:
Assets = Cash + Receivable + Equipment = $41,000 + $8,000 + $31,000 = $80,000
Liabilities = Payable = $0
Equity = M. Chen, Capital - M. Chen, Withdrawals + Revenue - Expenses = $75,000 - $1,000 + $10,500 - $4,500 = $80,000
Liabilities + Equity = $0 + $80,000 = $80,000
Therefore, the accounting equation holds as follows:
Asset = Liabilities + Equity = $80,000
If the government lowers tax rates and tax revenue falls by $100 million, we can expect consumption spending to ________ and equilibrium output to ________.
Answer: increase; increase by more than $100 million
Explanation:
If the government lowers tax rates and tax revenue falls by $100 million, we can expect consumption spending to increase and equilibrium output to increase by more than $100 million.
It should be noted that when there's reduction in tax rate, this implies that there'll be more money available to the households and the firms and this will then lead to more money which can be spent on goods or services. Also, due to this, the equilibrium output will increase as well by more than $100 million.
On December 31, the company estimates future sales refunds to be $900. As of that date, the company has an unadjusted debit balance in Accounts Receivable of $25,000 and an unadjusted credit balance of $300 in Sales Refunds Payable.
Requried:
Write down the necessary adjusting entry.
Answer:
Date Account titles and Explanation Debit Credit
Dec 31 Sales return and allowance $600
Sales refund payable $600
($900 - $300)
(To record the expected refund of sales)
Tyler Tooling Company uses a job order cost system with overhead applied to products on the basis of machine hours. For the upcoming year, the company estimated its total manufacturing overhead cost at $420,000 and total machine hours at 60,000. During the first month of operations, the company worked on three jobs and recorded the following actual direct materials cost, direct labor cost, and machine hours for each job: Job 101 Job 102 Job 103 TotalDirect materials used 19,200 14,400 9,600 43,200 Direct labor 28,800 11,200 9,600 49,600 Machine hours 1,000 hours 4,000 hours 2,000 hours 7,000 hoursJob 101 was completed and sold for $60,000.Job 102 was completed but not sold.Job 103 is still in process.Actual overhead costs recorded during the first month of operations totaled $45,000.Required: 1. Calculate the predetermined overhead rate. (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)2. Compute the total manufacturing overhead applied to the Work in Process Inventory account during the first month of operations. (Round your intermediate calculations to 2 decimal places.)3. Compute the balance in the Work in Process Inventory account at the end of the first month. (Round your intermediate calculations to 2 decimal places.)4. How much gross profit would the company report during the first month of operations before making an adjustment for over- or underapplied manufacturing overhead? (Round your intermediate calculations to 2 decimal places.)5-a. Determine the balance in the Manufacturing Overhead account at the end of the first month. (Round your intermediate calculations to 2 decimal places.)
Answer:
Tyler Tooling Company
1. The predetermined overhead rate is:
= $7
2. The total manufacturing overhead applied to the Work in Process Inventory account during the first month of operations is:
= $49,000
3. The balance in the Work in Process Inventory account at the end of the first month is:
= $86,800
4. The gross profit that the company would report during the first month of operations before making an adjustment for over- or underapplied manufacturing overhead is:
= $5,000
5a. The balance in the Manufacturing Overhead account at the end of the first month is:
= $4,000 overapplied
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Estimated total manufacturing overhead for the coming year = $420,000
Estimated total machine hours for the coming year = 60,000 mh
Actual jobs data: Job 101 Job 102 Job 103 Total
Direct materials cost $19,200 $14,400 $9,600 $43,200
Direct labor cost 28,800 11,200 9,600 49,600
Machine hours cost 1,000 4,000 2,000 7,000
Sale of Job 101 = $60,000
Actual overhead for the first month = $45,000
1. Predetermined overhead rate = Estimated overhead/estimated machine hours
= $420,000/60,000
= $7
2. The total manufacturing overhead applied to the Work in Process Inventory account during the first month of operations is:
= total machine hours used * $7
= $49,000 (7,000 * $7)
3. The balance in the Work in Process Inventory account at the end of the first month is:
Work in Process
Account Titles Debit Credit
Direct materials $43,200
Direct labor 49,600
Overhead applied 49,000
Cost of Job 1 sold $55,000 ($19,200+$28,800+$7,000)
Ending balance $86,800 (= costs of Job 102 and 103)
4. The gross profit that the company would report during the first month of operations before making an adjustment for over- or underapplied manufacturing overhead is:
= Gross profit for Job 101 = $5,000 ($60,000 - $55,000)
5a. The balance in the Manufacturing Overhead account at the end of the first month is:
= Actual overhead incurred - overhead applied
= $45,000 - $49,000
= $4,000 overapplied
The North Division of XYZ Corporation had average operating assets of $1,110,000 and net operating income of $295,200 in January. The company uses residual income to evaluate the performance of its divisions, with a minimum required rate of return of 20%.
Required:
What was the North Division's residual income in January?
Answer:
$73,200
Explanation:
From the above details, we know that;
Residual income =
[Net operating income - (Average operating assets × minimum rate of return)]
= [$295,200 - ($1,110,000 × 20%)]
= [$295,200 - $222,000]
= $73,200
Therefore, the North division's residual income in January is $73,200
The purpose of a college degree is to give you priority over all professional opportunities.
A
True
B) False
Answer:
A) TrueExplanation:
:::::::::::::::::::::::::
If budgeted beginning inventory is $8,300, budgeted ending inventory is $9,400, and budgeted cost of goods sold is $10,260, budgeted purchases should be: Group of answer choices $9,160 $11,360 $1,960 $860 $1,100
Answer: $11,360
Explanation:
Budgeted cost of goods sold = Budgeted beginning inventory + Budgeted purchases - Budgeted ending inventory
10,260 = 8,300 + Budgeted purchases - 9,400
Budgeted purchases = 10,260 - 8,300 + 9,400
= $11,360
Compute the payback period for a project that requires an initial outlay of $297,771 that is expected to generate $40,000 per year for 9 years.
Answer:
7.44
Explanation:
The computation of the payback period is given below:
Time Amount Cumulative
0 (297,771) (297,771)
1 40,000 (257,771)
2 40,000 (217,771)
3 40,000 (177,771)
4 40,000 (137,771)
5 40,000 (97,771)
6 40,000 (57,771)
7 40,000 (17,771)
8 40,000 22,229
9 40,000 62,229
Now the payback period is
=7 + (17,771 ÷ 40,000)
= 7.44
For several years, Mountain Home University had used IBM computers. Recently, Apple Computers offered them a better machine at lower a price for one of the University's labs; however Mountain Home did not buy them because the _____ costs were too high. Group of answer choices transactional opportunity marginal switching
Answer:
switching
Explanation:
From the question we are informed about instance where by For several years, Mountain Home University had used IBM computers. Recently, Apple Computers offered them a better machine at lower a price for one of the University's labs; however in this case, Mountain Home did not buy them because the switching costs were too high. Switching costs can be regarded as the costs that a consumer pays due to switching of particular brands or products. Switching costs can appear as effort-based monetary base or time-based. Companies that has difficult-to-perfect products as well as low competition can make use of
high switching costs in order to maximize profits.
Annenbaum Corporation uses the weighted-average method in its process costing system. This month, the beginning inventory in the first processing department consisted of 2,200 units. The costs and percentage completion of these units in beginning inventory were: Cost Percent Complete Materials costs $ 7,500 65% Conversion costs $ 8,600 45% A total of 10,100 units were started and 7,700 units were transferred to the second processing department during the month. The following costs were incurred in the first processing department during the month: Cost Materials costs $ 127,300 Conversion costs $ 208,800 The ending inventory was 50% complete with respect to materials and 35% complete with respect to conversion costs. What are the equivalent units for conversion costs for the month in the first processing department
Answer:
$23.35
Explanation:
Units completed and transferred out = 7,700
WIP, Ending = 2,200 + 10,100 - 7,700 = 4,600. Conversion = 4,600*35% = 1,610
Equivalent unit of production = Units completed and transferred out + Conversion
Equivalent unit of production = 7,700 + 1,610
Equivalent unit of production = 9,310
Cost per equivalent unit = $8,600 + $208,800 / 9,310 units
Cost per equivalent unit = $217,400 / 9,310 units
Cost per equivalent unit = $23.351235231
Cost per equivalent unit = $23.35
During its first year of operations, Mario Lupo formed Lupo Company as a corporation and personally invested $15,000 in the business in exchange for common stock. Lupo Company also paid dividends of $2,000. The company earned $35,000 of revenues and incurred $23,000 of expenses. At the end of the year, the company's equity totaled:_____.
a. $13,000.
b. $15,000.
c. $25,000.
d. $75,000.
Answer:
c. $25,000
Explanation:
Calculation to determine At the end of the year, the company's equity totaled:
First step is to calculate the Net income using this formula
Net income= Revenues- Expense
Let plug in the formula
Net income= 35000-23000
Net income=12000
Second step is to calculate Net income added to capital using this formula
Net income added to capital = Net income-Cash dividend
Let plug in the formula
Net income added to capital=12000-2000
Net income added to capital=10000
Now let determine the Ending company total equity using this formula
Ending company total equity= Opening invested capital + Net income added to capital
Let plug in the formula
Ending company total equity=15000+10000
Ending company total equity=$25000
Therefore At the end of the year, the company's equity totaled:$25,000
Uniform Supply accepted a $6,300, 90-day, 8% note from Tracy Janitorial on October 17. If the note is dishonored, but Uniform Supply intends to continue collection efforts, what entry should Uniform Supply make on January 15 of the next year? (Assume no reversing entries are made.) (Use 360 days a year.)
Answer:
Debit Cash $6,426; credit Interest Revenue $21; credit Interest Receivable $105, redit Notes Receivable $6,300.
Explanation:
Based on the information given the appropriate journal entry that Uniform Supply should make on January 15 of the next year will be:
Debit Cash $6,426
($6300+$105+$21)
Credit Interest Revenue $21
($6300*8%*15/360)
Credit Interest Receivable $105
(6300*8%*75/360)
Credit Notes Receivable $6,300
However, similar to bonds, preferred stockholders receive a fixed payment—their dividend—before the company’s residual earnings are paid out to its common stockholders and, as with common stock, preferred stockholders can benefit from an appreciation in the value of the firm’s stock securities. Consider the following case of Wellington Industries: Wellington Industries pays an annual dividend rate of 8.00% on its preferred stock that currently returns 10.72% and has a par value of $100.00 per share. What is the value of Wellington’s preferred stock?
Answer: $74.63
Explanation:
Preferred shares are treated like perpetuities which means that the value is:
= Annual dividend/required return
Annual dividend:
= Dividend rate * Par value
= 8% * 100
= $8.00
Value of share = 8 / 10.72%
= $74.6269
= $74.63
Bailey Company incurred the following costs in manufacturing desk calculators: Direct materials $18 Indirect materials (variable) 3 Direct labor 9 Indirect labor (variable) 7 Other variable factory overhead 13 Fixed factory overhead 34 Variable selling expenses 26 Fixed selling expenses 12 During the period, the company produced and sold 2,000 units. What is the inventory cost per unit using absorption costing
Answer:
$84
Explanation:
Calculation to determine the inventory cost per unit using absorption costing
Direct materials $18
Indirect materials (variable) $3
Direct labor $9
Indirect labor (variable) $7
Other variable factory overhead $13
Fixed factory overhead $34
Inventory cost per unit $84
($18 + $3 + $9 + $7 + $13 + $34 = $84
Therefore the inventory cost per unit using absorption costing is $84
Derek decides to buy a new car. The dealership offers him a choice of paying $600.00 per month for 5 years (with the first payment due next month) or paying some amount today. He can borrow money from his bank to buy the car. The bank requires a 5.00% interest rate. What is the most that he would be willing to pay today rather than making the payments
Answer:
PV= $31,794.12
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Monthly payment= $600
Number of months= 5*12= 60 months
Interest rate= 0.05/12= 0.004167
To calculate the present value of the monthly payments, we need to use the following formula:
PV= A*{(1/i) - 1/[i*(1 + i)^n]}
A= monthly payments
PV= 600*{(1/0.004167) - 1/ [0.004167*(1.004167^60)]}
PV= $31,794.12
There is an increase in the demand for aspirin at the same time as workers in the aspirin industry receive a substantial pay increase. What will most likely happen?
Answer:
There would be an increase in equilibrium quantity and there would be an indeterminate effect on equilibrium price
Explanation:
How are changes in U.S. demographics affecting the workplace relative to demographic changes in our traditional competitors
Answer:
The changes in demographics are affecting the workplaces in both positive and negative manner. With continuous immigration of workforce from Asian countries and neighbor countries like Mexico, America is facing some serious crises of jobs shortage.
On the other hand, due to such import of human resource companies are able to get best talent inn hand to operate their activities.
A monetary growth rule means that :__________a) the Fed will raise interest rates if it thinks the economy is growing faster than potential. b) the Fed will lower interest rates if it thinks a recession is on the horizon. c) the money supply should grow in response to economic conditions. d) the money supply should grow at a constant rate.
Answer:
d) the money supply should grow at a constant rate.
Explanation:
The Federal Reserve System (popularly referred to as the 'Fed') was created by the Federal Reserve Act, passed by the U.S Congress on the 23rd of December, 1913. The Fed began operations in 1914 and just like all central banks, the Federal Reserve is a United States government agency.
Generally, the Fed controls the issuance of currency in United States of America: it promotes public goals such as economic growth, low inflation, and the smooth operation of financial markets.
Monetary growth rule is a theory that was proposed by Friedman and it states that the Federal Reserve System (Fed) should be required to set or target the money supply growth rate to be equal to the growth rate of Real gross domestic product (GDP) each year and leaving the price level of goods and services unchanged.
Basically, this growth rate of gross domestic product (GDP) is usually set between 1% and 4%. Also, the monetary growth rule is also referred to as the K-Percent rule.
Hence, a monetary growth rule means that the money supply should grow at a constant rate.
Bond X is a premium bond making semiannual payments. The bond pays a coupon rate of 6.8 percent, has a YTM of 6.2 percent, and has 13 years to maturity. Bond Y is a discount bond making semiannual payments. This bond pays a coupon rate of 6.2 percent, has a YTM of 6.8 percent, and also has 13 years to maturity. The bonds have a par value of $1,000. What is the price of each bond today
Answer:
Bond X $1,053.02
Bond Y $948.76
Explanation:
The bond price is the present value of all future cash flows(all semiannual coupons and face value) discounted at the semiannual yield to maturity since coupons are expected semiannually.
Using a financial calculator bearing in mind that the calculator would be set to its default end mode before making the following inputs:
Bond X:
N=26(semiannual coupons in 13 years=13*2=26)
PMT=34(seminnual coupon=$1000*6.8%/2=$34)
I/Y=3.10(semiannual yield to maturity=6.2%/=3.10%)
FV=1000(the face value is $1000)
CPT
PV=$1,053.02
Bond Y:
N=26(semiannual coupons in 13 years=13*2=26)
PMT=31(seminnual coupon=$1000*6.2%/2=$31)
I/Y=3.40(semiannual yield to maturity=6.8%/=3.40%)
FV=1000(the face value is $1000)
CPT
PV=$948.76