determine the total, carbonate, and noncarbonate hardness in mg/l as caco3 and in meq/l for the water analysis in problem 7.5

The molarity of the solution prepared by diluting 60.02 mL of a 0.574 M potassium chloride solution to 150.00 mL is 0.229 M.

The initial molarity of the potassium chloride, M₁ = 0.574 M

The initial volume potassium chloride , V₁ = 60.02 mL

The final molarity potassium chloride, M₂ = ?

The final volume potassium chloride, V₂ = 150 mL

The expression is as follows :

M₁  V₁  = M₂ V₂

M₂ = M₁  V₁  / V₂

M₂ = ( 0.574 × 60.02 ) / 150

M₂ = 0.229 M

The molarity of the solution is 0.229 M with the volume of the 150 mL.

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Answer:

approximately 137.3 grams of P2O3 will form if one uses 78 grams of oxygen.

Explanation:

Diphosphorus trioxide, P2O3, is formed from the reaction of phosphorus with oxygen:

P4 + 5O2 -> 2P2O3

To determine how many grams of P2O3 will form from 78 grams of oxygen, we need to know how much phosphorus is also involved in the reaction. If we assume that there is enough phosphorus present, then we can calculate the amount of P2O3 that will be produced.

The balanced equation tells us that for every 2 moles of P2O3 that are produced, 4 moles of P4 and 5 moles of O2 are consumed. From the number of moles of O2, we can calculate the number of moles of P2O3 produced using the ratio from the balanced equation:

78 g O2 / (32 g/mol O2) = 2.43 mol O2

2.43 mol O2 * (2 mol P2O3 / 5 mol O2) = 0.972 mol P2O3

Finally, we can convert the number of moles of P2O3 to grams:

0.972 mol P2O3 * (141.94 g/mol P2O3) = 137.3 g P2O3

So, approximately 137.3 grams of P2O3 will form if one uses 78 grams of oxygen.

Answer:

Let us say that the molecular formula of the compound = (NBH4)n (where, n is an integer)

Atomic mass of N, B, and H are respectively 14.00 amu, 10.81 amu, and 1.008 amu.

Thus, the molar mass of (NBH4)n = n x (1 x 14.00 amu + 1 x 10.81 amu + 4 x 1.008 amu)

= 28.84n amu

Now,

28.84n amu = 86.55 amu

or, n = 3

Hence, the molecular formula of the compound = (NBH4)3 = N3B3H12

Explanation:

Measure the volume of solution, evaporate to dryness, measure mass of dried solid. Convert g of salt to moles, divide by volume of solution M and it now can be calculated as

[tex]$ \mathrm{ C_{ion} - C_{compound} \times \frac{n_{ion}}{n_{compund}} }[/tex]

Chloride is an ion that is formed when chlorine is combined with another element, such as sodium or potassium. It is an essential electrolyte in the body and helps regulate fluid balance, nerve conduction, and pH levels. Chloride is found in many foods, including table salt and processed foods, as well as in the body's fluids, such as sweat, saliva, and blood.

Chloride also plays a role in digestion, helping to break down foods. People usually get enough chloride in their diets, but too much can lead to high blood pressure, dehydration, and impaired kidney function. Chloride levels can be tested with a blood test, and abnormal levels may indicate a problem such as dehydration or kidney disease.

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There would be 1670 g of solution in 1.000 L and  1,177.35 gram of HClO₄ are in 1.000 L. There are  11.72 moles of HClO₄ in 1 L.

There are 1000 mL in a liter, hence density indicates the amount of grams per mL.

Density =1.67 g / 1 mL   =   1670 g / 1000 mL = 1670 g/ 1.0 L

so there would be 1670 g of solution in 1.000 L

We got aqueous perchloric acid 70.5 wt%, it means the amount of perchloric acid in 100 grams of solution is 70.5 grams. so mass of HClO₄ are in 1.000 L will be

mass of HClO₄  = 70.5% x1670 g/ 1.0 L = 1,177.35 gram

Moles of HClO₄ = mass / mass molar

Moles of HClO₄ = 1,177.35 gram/ 100.46 g/mol = 11.72 moles

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The final temperature of the gas can be determined using Gay-Lussac's law. The temperature of the gas at 4.5 atm will be 66°C.

According to Gay- Lussacs law at constant volume, the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature.

Hence, P/T = constant.

Let P1 and T1 be the initial pressure and temperature and P2, T2 be the final quantities, then

P1/T1 = P2/T2

Given P1 = 4.5 atm

T1 = ?

P2 = 7.5 atm

T2 = 110°C

Then T1 = P1 T2/P1

T1 = 4.5 atm  ×110° C /7.5 atm

   = 66°C

Therefore, the temperature  of the gas at 4 .5 atm  is 66°C.

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Your question is incomplete. But your complete question probably was:

What would be the original Celsius temperature of a gas at a pressure of 4.5 atm if the temperature changes to 110°C at 7.5 atm.

The volume of the mercury sample reported in cubic inches is

The conversion factor between cubic centimeters and cubic inches is

1 cm^3 = 0.0610237441 in^3.

To convert the volume of 13.77 cm^3 to cubic inches, multiply by this conversion factor:

13.77 cm^3 * 0.0610237441 in^3/cm^3 = 0.8435 in^3

Therefore, the volume of the sample of mercury is 0.8435 cubic inches.

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Answer: The fossils in Layer 2 are younger than those in Layer 1, and older than the fossils in layer 3. (assuming layer 1 is at the bottom, and layer 3 is at the top.)

Explanation: Think of how this stack of rocks formed. Layer 1 would have deposited first along with it's fossils, followed by 2, 3, etc. Layer 2's fossils would be younger than Layer 1, but older than Layer 3.

The molar mass of styrene (C8H8) is 104 g/mol, when a student dissolves 15.g of styrenein (C8H8) in 250 mL of a solvent with a density of 0.88g/mL.

To calculate the molarity of a solution, you must divide the number of moles of solute (styrene) by the volume (liters) of the solution: 1438 mol ÷ 0.

25 L = 0.5752 M = 0.58 M (rounded to two significant figures)

To calculate the molarity of a solution, divide the number of moles of solute by the mass of solvent in grams.

0.1438 mol ÷ 250 g = 0.0005752 mol/g = 0.

00058 mol/g (rounded to 2 significant figures

A student dissolved 15 g of styrene (C8H8) in 250 ml of solvent with a density of 0.88 g/ml. Styrene has a molar mass of 104 g/mol, so the number of moles of solute is 15 g ÷ 104 g/mol = 0.1438 mol The molarity of the solution is zero.

1438 mol ÷ 0.25 L = 0.58 M. Molarity is calculated as 0.1438 mol ÷ 250 g = 0.

00058 mol/g. Both molarity and molarity are measures of concentration and indicate the amount of solute in a solution.

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The change in temperature (in Fahrenheit) of the mixture is 41.36°F

The change in the temperature of the mixture is obtained as follows:

The initial temperature of water = 22.0 °C.

The final temperature of the mixture of water and sodium hydroxide = 27.2 °C.

The difference in temperature = 27.2 °C - 22.0 °C.

The difference in temperature = 5.2 °C.

Converting degrees celsius to Fahrenheit:

(5.2°C × 9/5) + 32 = 41.36°F

Therefore, the difference in temperature in Fahrenheit is 41.36°F.

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The number of grams of CaCO3 present and converted to mg is 348.787 mg.

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) is an organic compound used in a variety of applications, including industrial, medical, and food-related. EDTA is a white, crystalline powder, and is often referred to as a chelating agent due to its ability to bind and sequester various metal ions. This property makes it useful in a wide range of industries, including food processing, water treatment, paper manufacturing, and metalworking. In the medical field, EDTA is used to treat heavy metal toxicity, as it has the capability to bind to the metal ions, rendering them harmless to the body. EDTA is also found in many food products, as it serves as a preservative and stabilizing agent.

we know that

moles = concentration x volume (ml) / 1000

so

moles of EDTA = 4.395 x 10-3 x 19.84 / 1000

moles of EDTA = 8.71968 x 10-5

now

moles of Ca+2 = moles of EDTA

so

moles of Ca+2 = 8.71968 x 10-5

now

Ca+2 + C032- ---> CaC03

so

moles of CaC03 = moles of Ca+2

so

moles of CaC03 = 8.71968 x 10-5

now

mass = moles x molar mass

molar mass of CaC03 = 100 g /mol

so

mass of CaC03 = 8.71968 x 10-5 x 100

mass of CaC03 = 8.71968 x 10-3 g

mass of CaC03= 8.71968 mg

now

volume of water = 25 ml = 25 x 10-3 L

so

ppm = 8.71968 / 25 x 10-3

ppm = 348.787

sp

ppm of CaC03 is 348.787

So, The number of grams of CaCO3 present and converted to mg is 348.787 mg.

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Magnesium would be a good selection as the sacrificial electrode in the cathodic protection of tin (Sn).

Why is magnesium used as a sacrificial anode?

Chemically, magnesium is oxidation resistant and this is because its surface is covered with a thin layer of oxide which protects it from being vulnerable to air. This is why it is highly suitable for use in sacrificial anodes to limit the effects and susceptibility of other metal surfaces to corrosion.

What is the best sacrificial anode?

Magnesium anodes are the most active and are the only anodes that work well in the low conductivity of fresh water. Magnesium is also relatively non-toxic to aquatic life.

Why is tin resistant to corrosion?

Tin has good corrosion resistance properties in gas, weak base, and weak acid environment at room temperature because the super potential of hydrogen on the metal tin is high.

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Answer:

-4

Explanation:

The overall negative charge in the formula Ti*O2 which contains 2 oxide ions, each with a -2 charge, is -4.

The total negative charge can be calculated by adding up the charges of all the oxide ions:

2 oxide ions x -2 charge/ion = -4

So, the overall negative charge in the formula Ti*O2 is -4.

The balanced molecular equation for the reaction between aqueous solutions of acetic acid and potassium hydroxide is:

The total ionic equation for this reaction is:

The net ionic equation for this reaction is:

The net ionic equation for this reaction shows that the hydrogen ion (H+) and hydroxide ion (OH-) react to form water (H2O). This reaction is an example of a neutralization reaction, which occurs when an acid and a base react to form a salt and water.

The salt formed in this reaction is potassium acetate (KC2H3O2), which can be used in a variety of applications, including as a food preservative, in the production of perfumes, and as a source of potassium in fertilizer. In addition, the reaction can be used to titrate an acid to determine its concentration.

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The pOH of a 0.2 m HCl solution is 13.3.

Concentration is the ability to focus on a particular task or activity, blocking out distractions and using cognitive resources efficiently. It is a key factor in achieving success in any area, whether it be in school, the workplace, sports, or leisure activities. Concentration requires a person to be able to pay attention to a specific task over a long period of time, while blocking out irrelevant or competing stimuli.

It also involves the ability to sustain focus and effort, even when faced with challenging or tedious tasks. Developing concentration skills can be beneficial in many aspects of life, including improved academic performance, increased productivity, better decision-making, and better problem-solving skills. Practicing mindfulness, taking regular breaks, and organizing tasks can all help to improve concentration.

pH=-log10[H+]

pH=-log10[0.2]

pH=0.7

You can then enter this into the equation

pH + pOH = 14

placing our pH value into this we get

0.7 + pOH = 14

You can rearrange this to find

pOH = 14–0.7

which means

pOH=13.3

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In the pair (a) CH3Br or CH3F, the dominant intermolecular forces in CH3Br are dipole-dipole forces, while CH3F has London dispersion forces. Therefore, CH3Br has the higher boiling point [1].

In the pair (b) CH3CH2CH2OH or CH3CH2OCH3, the dominant intermolecular forces in CH3CH2CH2OH are hydrogen bonds, while CH3CH2OCH3 has dipole-dipole forces. Therefore, CH3CH2CH2OH has the higher boiling point.

In the pair (c) C2H6 or C3H8, the dominant intermolecular forces in C2H6 and C3H8 are London dispersion forces. Therefore, C3H8 has the higher boiling point.

In the pair (d) MgCl2 or PCl3, the dominant intermolecular forces in MgCl2 and PCl3 are ionic bonds. Therefore, MgCl2 has the higher boiling point.

In the pair (e) CH3NH2 or CH3F, the dominant intermolecular forces in CH3NH2 are hydrogen bonds, while CH3F has London dispersion forces. Therefore, CH3NH2 has the higher boiling point.

In the pair (f) CH3OH or CH3CH2OH, the dominant intermolecular forces in CH3OH and CH3CH2OH are hydrogen bonds. Therefore, CH3OH has the higher boiling point.

In the pair (g) CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 or 2,2-dimethylbutane, the dominant intermolecular forces in both molecules are London dispersion forces. Therefore, CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 has the higher boiling point.

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In order to create the Grignard reagent from 1-hexanol, the matching halide must first be converted from it. You can accomplish this by reacting 1-Hexanol with a potent acid,

Like HCl. The appropriate alkyl chloride will be created during the reaction, and this alkyl chloride can then be combined with a primary alkyl halide, such as magnesium bromide, to create the Grignard reagent. The Grignard reagent will have the generic formula RMgX, where R is the alkyl group from 1-Hexanol and X is the halide. The reaction is normally carried out in an ether solvent. The synthesis of alcohols and other organic molecules can then be accomplished using the Grignard reagent.

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statements about atoms and subatomic particles is true A cation has more electrons than protons.

Protons, neutrons and electrons are all called subatomic particles because they are smaller particles that make up atoms. The prefix "sub" means beneath, or smaller. Since these particles are "sub"-atomic, this means they are smaller than atoms. Atoms have a nucleus made of protons and neutrons stuck together.

Subatomic particles include electrons, the negatively charged, almost massless particles that nevertheless account for most of the size of the atom, and they include the heavier building blocks of the small but very dense nucleus of the atom, the positively charged protons and the electrically neutral neutrons.

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The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of the system through 1°C is defined as the heat capacity of the system. The kilocalories of heat needed to heat the water from 62.0 °F to 105.0 °F is  40877.01.  

The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of the substance through 1°C is known as the specific heat capacity. It is usually denoted by c.

The equation connecting the specific heat capacity with the heat is given as:

q = mc (T₂ - T₁) = mc Δ T

1 gallons = 3.785 L

450 gallons = 450 × 3.785 = 1703.25 L

Density of water is 1 g/cm³

Then the mass of water is, m = Density × Volume

m = 1703.25 L × 1000 mL/ 1L × 1.0 g / 1mL × 1kg / 1000g

m = 1703 .25 kg

The temperature in °F can be converted into °C as:

T°C = T°F - 32 / 1.8

T₁ = 62 -32 / 1.8 = 17°C

T₂ = 105 - 32/ 1.8 = 41°C

Δ T = T₂ - T₁  = 41 - 17 = 24°C

q = 1703.25 kg × 4.184 kJ/kg K × 24°C

q = 171033.552 kJ

1 kilojoule = 0.239 kilocalorie

171033.552 kJ = 40877.01 kilocalorie

Thus the heat required in kilocalorie is 40877.01.

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The weighted average length of the nails in the drawer can be found to be D. 3. 50 CM.

Multiply each number by its weight, then add the results to determine the weighted average. Find the sum of all the variables multiplied by their weight, then divide by the sum of the weights if the weights don't add up to one.

In formula form, this is:

= ∑ ( Percentage of abundance x Length of nail )

The weighted average length of nails is:

= ( 2. 50 x 70. 5%) + ( 5. 00 x 19. 0 %) + ( 7. 50 x 10. 5 % )

= 3. 50 cm

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When balancing a chemical equation, it is permitted to multiply all coefficients by a common factor, as well as inserting coefficients in front of formulas of reactants and products.

Additionally, you can also add reactants or products, and raise the coefficients.

When balancing a chemical equation, it is important to consider the mole ratio, which is the ratio of the number of moles of each reactant to the number of moles of each product. To balance the equation, you need to adjust the coefficients of the reactants and products until the mole ratios are equal.

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Answer:

From the energy diagram, we can see that the reaction mechanism is an example of a two-step reaction. The first step (S1) involves the combination of ethylene (C₂H4) and hydrogen bromide (HBr) to form an ethyl cation (C₂H5+) and a bromide anion (Br). In the second step (S2), the ethyl cation and bromide anion combine to form ethyl bromide (C₂H5Br). The reaction is exergonic as evidenced by the fact that the activation energy, represented by the peak in the energy diagram, is negative. This indicates that the reaction releases energy.

The appropriate items to their respective bins are:

Covalent: Carbon dioxide

Ionic: Table salt

Metallic: Iron

Molecular: Sugar

What is bins?

Bins are containers used for storing and organizing items. They can be made from a variety of materials, including wood, metal, and plastic, and come in many shapes and sizes. Bins are often used in large warehouses, retail stores, and other business establishments to store and organize products, tools, and other items. In the home, bins can be used to store toys, shoes, and other items that need to be kept organized.

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The answer is 1) high vapor pressure = weak IMF, 2)high surface tension = strong IMF, 3) high viscosity = strong IMF, 4) high boiling point = strong IMF.

The strength of the intermolecular forces (IMF) is directly related to the boiling point of the compound. The higher the boiling point, the stronger the IMF. This is because a stronger IMF requires more energy to separate them, resulting in a higher boiling point.

The strongest IMFs involved in determining the boiling point of a compound are London dispersion forces (LDF), dipole-dipole interactions, and hydrogen bonding.

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If concentrations are measured in M and time in seconds, M³s⁻³ is the units for the rate constant, , for the rate law, Rate=[A][B]².

The rate of the reaction or rate of the reaction is the rate at which an chemical reaction occurs, defined as proportionate to the rise in product concentration per unit time and the reduction in reactant concentration per unit time.

The speeds of reaction might vary greatly. For example, oxidative corrosion of iron in the Stratosphere is a slow reaction that really can take several years, but cellulose combustion in a fire occurs in fractions of a second.

Rate=[A][B]²

        =  Ms⁻¹×M²s⁻²

       = M³s⁻³

Therefore, M³s⁻³ is the units for the rate constant, , for the rate law,  Rate=[A][B]².

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The stoichiometry of the reaction between ferrous ion and permanganate ion can be expressed through the reaction below:

[tex]\rm MnO_{4}^{-} + 5 Fe^{2+} + 8 H^{+} \rightarrow Mn^{2+} + 5 Fe^{3+} + 4 H_{2}O[/tex]

In a redox reaction, one reactant species is reduced and the other one oxidized. The species which is oxidized is donating one or more electrons to the other species and reduces it.

Iron metal donates 5 electrons to reduce Mn metal from oxidation state of + 7 to +2. One Fe  furnish one electron. Thus, 5 Fe is needed.

The oxidation half reaction is written as:

[tex]\rm 5Fe^{2+} \rightarrow 5Fe^{3+} + 5e-[/tex]

The reduction half reaction of Mn is written as follows:

[tex]\rm MnO_{4}^{-} + 5e^{-} \rightarrow Mn^{2+}[/tex]

The whole reaction can be balanced for all the atoms and can be written as above.

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Answer:

C, Carbon

Explanation:

Write the symbol for every chemical element that has atomic number greater than 6 and atomic mass less than 25.2 u.