Within atoms, there is an ongoing relationship between the nucleus and the electrons. Characteristics describe the nucleus are:
Positively chargedAttracts the negatively charged particles into the space surrounding itCharacteristic describe electrons :
Negatively chargedCan gain or lose energyCan move from one atom to anotherCan bond two atoms into a molecule when shared between two atomsOn the basis of the 1909 Geiger-Marsden gold foil experiment, Ernest Rutherford identified the atomic nucleus in 1911, which is the compact, dense region made up of protons and neutrons at the heart of an atom. Positively charged nucleus draws negatively charged particles into the area around it.
The elementary electric charge of the electron is a negative one, making it a subatomic particle. Due to their lack of components or substructure, electrons, which are part of the lepton particle family's first generation, are typically regarded to be elementary particles.
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Suppose that you have a 1:1 mixture of compounds that is comprised of compound X and compound Y. You desire pure compound X and are planning a recrystallization to enhance the purity. Which solvent below is optimal for your recrystallization? Ethanol (boiling point = 78 °C)
Solubility At
0 °C 100 °C
Compound X 0.05 g/mL 0.20 g/mL
Compound Y 0.02 g/mL 0.40 g/mL Water (boiling point = 100 °C)
Solubility At
0 °C 100 °C
Compound X 0.02 g/mL 0.05 g/mL
Compound Y 0.01 g/mL 0.10 g/mL
Methanol (boiling point = 65 °C)
Solubility At
0 °C 65 °C
Compound X 0.04 g/mL 0.10 g/mL
Compound Y 0.02 g/mL 0.30 g/mL
Acetone (boiling point = 56 °C)
Solubility At
0 °C 56 °C
Compound X 0.10 g/mL 0.50 g/mL
Compound Y 0.20 g/mL 0.50 g/mL
Ethyl Acetate (boiling point = 77 °C)
Solubility At
0 °C 77 °C
Compound X 0.10 g/mL 0.60 g/mL
Compound Y 0.30 g/mL 0.60 g/mL
The optimal recrystallizing agent for compound x should have a melting point of 1 or 5 degrees Celsius.
In chemistry, recrystallization is a technique for purifying chemicals. When a mixture of compound and impurity is dissolved in a suitable solvent, either the compound of interest or the impurity is removed from the solution while the other remains. Recrystallization, also called fractional crystallization, is the process of purifying impure compounds in a solvent. The purification process is based on the principle that the solubility of most solids increases with increasing temperature. The optimal recrystallizing agent for compound x should have a melting point of 1 or 5 degrees Celsius.
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Which of the following solutions will have the lowest freezing point?A) 0.015 m BaCl2 B) 0.0100 m Na2CO3 C) 0.035 m CH3CH2CH2OH D) 0.0100 m KBr
The solution having the lowest freezing point is 0.015 M BaCl₂. The Van Hoff factor for this solution is 3 and have greater concentration here.
What is freezing point ?Freezing point of a solution is the temperature at which it converts from solid to liquid. The freezing point of a substance is dependent on the bond type, temperature, pressure and presence of impurities if any.
The depression in freezing point by the addition of a non volatile solid is a colligative property. It is directly proportional to the molality of the solution. The Vant Hoff factor of the solution is the number of ions it can furnish.
Here, the number ions furnished by barium chloride and sodium carbonate are 3. All other solutions have one or 2 ions in solution. Here, the concentration of BaCl₂ is greater and it will lower in freezing point much than other solutions.
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State the number of atoms of oxygen in the reactants and in the products for the following equation: 3NO2(g) + H2O(l) →→ NO(g) + 2HNO3(aq
The number of atoms of oxygen in the reactants is 5 (3 from NO₂ and 2 from H₂O) and the number of atoms of oxygen in the products is 5 (1 from NO and 8 from HNO₃).
3NO₂(g) + H₂O(l) →→ NO(g) + 2HNO₃(aq)
Atom: Atoms are made up of smaller particles such as electrons, protons, and neutrons. These particles determine the properties of an atom and the elements they form.
Oxygen: Oxygen is the chemical element having symbol O and its atomic number will be 8. It is a member of the chalcogen group in the modern periodic table, a highly reactive nonmetal, and an oxidizing agent that readily forms oxides with most elements as well as with other compounds.
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The compound copper(II) iodide is a strong electrolyte. Write the reaction when solid copper(II) iodide is put into water.
Include states of matter in your answer.
Answer:
Explanation:The compound copper(II) Iodide is a strong electrolyte. Write the reaction when copper(ll) Iodide is put into water: The compound iron(III) sulfate is a strong electrolyte. Write the reaction when Iron(III) sulfate is put into water: Write the net ionic equation for the precipitation of iron (III) sulfide from aqueous solution: Write the net ionic equation for the following molecular equation. HI is a strong electrolyte. HF is a weak electrolyte. KF(aq) + HI(aq) arrow KI(aq) + HF(aq) Use H^+ for the hydronium ion. Write the net ionic equation for the following molecular equation. Fe(s) + Pb(NO3)2(aq) arrow Fe(NO3)2(aq) + Pb(s)
which of the following is a molecule? select the correct answer below: water ozone glucose all of the above
All of the options listed are molecules. The correct answer is D.
A molecule is a combination of two or more atoms that are chemically bonded together. The bonding of atoms forms a new substance with its own unique properties, which are different from the properties of the individual atoms that make it up.
Water (H₂O) is a molecule made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.
Ozone (O₃) is a molecule made up of three oxygen atoms.
Glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) is a molecule made up of six carbon atoms, twelve hydrogen atoms, and six oxygen atoms.
In summary, a molecule is a smallest particle of a substance that retains the chemical composition and properties of that substance, and all of the options listed (water, ozone, and glucose) are examples of molecules.
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A 8.0
×
10
−
2
M
solution of a monoprotic acid has a percent dissociation of 0.57
%
.
Determine the acid ionization constant (
k
a
)
for the acid.
The acid ionization constant for the acid is 1.40 x 10^-10.
The acid ionization constant (Ka) can be calculated using the equation:
Ka = [H+][A-] / [HA]
where [H+] and [A-] are the concentrations of the hydrogen ion and the conjugate base, respectively, and [HA] is the concentration of the undissociated acid.
Given that the percent dissociation is 0.57%, the concentration of the dissociated species can be calculated as follows:
[A-] = 0.57% * 8.0 x 10^-2 M = 4.56 x 10^-5 M
[H+] = [A-]
Since the dissociation is very small, we can assume that the concentration of the undissociated acid is equal to the initial concentration of the solution:
[HA] = 8.0 x 10^-2 M
So, the value of Ka can be calculated as:
Ka = [H+][A-] / [HA] = (4.56 x 10^-5 M)^2 / (8.0 x 10^-2 M) = 1.40 x 10^-10.
Therefore, the acid ionization constant for the acid is 1.40 x 10^-10.
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according to the bohr effect, as the concentration of co2 increases, the concentration of h question blank 1 of 1
When the concentration of CO2 increases, the concentration of H+ ion increases. This is according to the Bohr's effect.
Bohr's effect can be explained as the observation that increases in the carbon dioxide partial pressure of blood or decreases in blood pH result in a lower affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen. This shifts right ward shift in the Oxygen Hemoglobin Dissociation Curve. The Bohr Effect allows for enhanced unloading of oxygen in metabolically active peripheral tissues. It causes the muscles and tissues to release more oxygen when CO2 levels rise. It helps in deliver oxygen to metabolizing tissue such as skeletal muscle where it is needed most. The decrease in carbon dioxide will increase hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen. It means hemoglobin is less likely to release oxygen.
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The complete question is,
According to the Bohr's effect, as the concentration of co2 increases, the concentration of [tex]H^{+}[/tex] ion increases or decreases?
Draw a graph of rate on the y-axis and temperature on the x axis. The graph should Indicate that the reaction rate increases with increase in temperature
The graph of reaction rate on the y-axis and temperature on the x-axis indicates that the reaction rate increases with an increase in temperature.
What is the reaction rate?The rate at which a chemical reaction occurs is known as the reaction rate, which is proportional to both the increase in a product's concentration per unit time and the decrease in a reactant's concentration per unit time. There is a wide range in reaction times.
The reaction rate increases with increase in:
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Which organic compound has a branched hydrocarbon group. Select one: a. 2-propanol. b. normal propyl acetate. c. acetone. d. 2-butanone.
The correct option is D. 2-butanone organic compound has a branched hydrocarbon group.
Natural compounds are a substance that consists of covalently- bonded carbon and hydrogen and frequently with other elements. organic compounds examples are benzoic Acid, fragrant compounds, benzoic aldehyde, propanoic acid, butanoic acid, malonic acid, amines, heterocyclic compounds, VOC, benzoic acid, and diethyl malonate.
In chemistry, many authors bear in mind that an organic compound is any chemical compound that includes carbon-hydrogen or carbon-carbon bonds, although, the definition of "natural" versus "inorganic" varies from author to writer, and it's far a subject of debate. The chemicals of living matter are called organic compounds due to their affiliation with organisms and due to the fact they're carbon-containing compounds. organic compounds, which are the compounds associated with existence procedures, are the difficult count of a number of natural chemistry.
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Calculate the number of milliliters of lead (density 11.3 g/mL) having a mass of 4.145 kg.
The number of milliliters of lead is: 368.81 mL
To calculate the number of milliliters of lead (density 11.3 g/mL) having a mass of 4.145 kg, you can use the following equation:
mass ÷ density = volumeTherefore, 4.145 kg ÷ 11.3 g/mL = 368.81 mL
It is also important to remember that while this equation is useful for calculating the volume of a sample of a substance, it is not applicable to calculating the volume of a compound that contains multiple elements.
In such cases, the molar mass of the compound must be used instead. Additionally, the equation only works for substances with a constant density, as the density of a substance can vary depending on its temperature and pressure.
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Initially 100 milligrams of a radioactive substance was present. After 4 hours the mass had decreased by 3%. If the rate of decay is proportional to the amount of the substance present at time t, determine the half-life of the radioactive substance.
The half-life of the radioactive substance is approximately 2.06 hours.
The half-life of a radioactive substance is the amount of time required for half of the initial amount of the substance to decay. If the rate of decay is proportional to the amount of the substance present at time t, the half-life of the substance can be determined as follows:
Let t be the half-life of the substance, then after t hours, the amount of the substance present will be 100 mg × (1/2) = 50 mg.
At time 4 hours, the amount of the substance present is 100 mg × (1 - 3%) = 97 mg.
Since the rate of decay is proportional to the amount of substance present, the half-life can be calculated as follows: t = 4 hours × (50 mg / 97 mg) = 2.06 hours.
Therefore, the half-life of the radioactive substance is approximately 2.06 hours.
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Please help me answer this question
The enthalpy change (∆H) from the formation of 2H --> H₂ is: A. -432 kJ/mol.
How to calculate the enthalpy change using the bond energies?Bond energy is the average energy needed to break the bond in a molecule within a reaction. We can use the bond energy to calculate the ∆H of the reaction as follows:
∆H = (∑ bond energies of the reactants) – (∑ bond energies of the products)
∆H = (2 x H) – (1 x H-H)
∆H = (2 x 0) – (432) kJ/mol
∆H = -432 kJ/mol
Hence, the enthalpy change from the formation of H₂ is: -432 kJ/mol.
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Which of the following statements about lactic acid fermentation is not correct?(a) It produces two ATP molecules for every glucose molecule.(b) It is inefficient compared to aerobic respiration.(c) Oxygen is the final electron acceptor of this pathway.(d) It uses glucose as a substrate.(e) Glycolysis is the only energy-yielding step of this pathway.
Among the following statements about lactic acid fermentation, "Oxygen is the final electron acceptor of this pathway" is not correct. The correct answer is C.
Lactic acid fermentation is an anaerobic process, meaning that it occurs in the absence of oxygen. Instead of oxygen being the final electron acceptor, the electrons are passed to NAD+, which reduces it to NADH. This reduction of NAD+ is an important energy-yielding step of the lactic acid fermentation pathway.
The other statements are correct:
A) It produces two ATP molecules for every glucose molecule.
B) It is inefficient compared to aerobic respiration, which can produce up to 38 ATP molecules from a single glucose molecule.
D) It uses glucose as a substrate.
E) Glycolysis is the only energy-yielding step of this pathway.
Overall, lactic acid fermentation is a less efficient energy-yielding process compared to aerobic respiration, but it can still produce some energy for cells that are in low-oxygen environments.
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How many photons are produced in a laser pulse of 0.436 J
at 619 nm?
The number of photons that are produced in a laser pulse of 0.436 J
at 619 nm is 1.35 * 10¹⁸ photons.
What is the energy of a single photon at 619 nm wavelength?The energy of a single photon at 619 nm wavelength
E = hc/λ
where:
h is Planck's constant = 6.63 x 10⁻³⁴ J•s.
c is speed of light = 3.0 * 10⁸ m/s
λ is wavelength = 619 nm or 6.19 * 10⁻⁷ m
E = 6.63 x 10⁻³⁴ * 3.0 * 10⁸ / 6.19 * 10⁻⁷
E = 3.21 * 10⁻¹⁹ J
1 photon is equivalent to 3.21 * 10⁻¹⁹ J
The number of photons = 0.436/3.21 * 10⁻¹⁹
The number of photons = 1.35 * 10¹⁸ photons.
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When determining the density of the ethanol solution in part B, what volume of the solution should be run into the flask from the burette in each trial?
A .20 to 25 ml
B. 25 to 30 ml
When measuring the density of the ethanol 25 to 30 ml should be run in.
What is the density?Density is the measure of mass per unit volume of a substance or object. It is defined as the ratio of the mass of an object to its volume and is usually expressed in kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m^3) or grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm^3).
The density of a substance determines its behavior and how it will interact with other substances in the environment. We know that the density of the ethanol can be measured when we obtain the volume and the mass of the solution.
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Write a general equation for the reaction of a halogen with a metal. (Assume the charge of the metal in ionic compounds is 2+) Express your answer as a chemical equation. Do not identify the phases in your answer. Denote the metal as MM and the halogen as XX.
The general chemical equation for the reaction of a halogen with a metal is M+ X[tex]\rightarrow[/tex] MX₂.
What is chemical equation?Chemical equation is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction which is written in the form of symbols and chemical formulas.The reactants are present on the left hand side while the products are present on the right hand side.
A plus sign is present between reactants and products if they are more than one in any case and an arrow is present pointing towards the product side which indicates the direction of the reaction .There are coefficients present next to the chemical symbols and formulas .
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start by giving the mlnxm shorthand for each complex. then, determine the metal oxidation state, dn electron count, and total valence electron count of the following complexes: a. fe(co)6 b. [co(en)2cl2] c. (ticp2cl)2 d. rh(pph3)3cl e. [(mecn)hgme] f. oso
The metal oxidation state, dn electron count, and total valence electron count of the following complexes are: a. Fe(CO)6: Metal oxidation state = 0, dn electron count = 6, total valence electron count = 18.
What is metal oxidation state?
Metal oxidation state is the degree of oxidation of a metal atom in an ion or molecule. It is an integer assigned to an element to indicate the number of electrons gained or lost when an atom of the element forms a chemical bond. Oxidation states are typically represented using Roman numerals, where positive oxidation states indicate a net gain of electrons, while negative oxidation states indicate a net loss of electrons. Oxidation states are important in understanding chemical bonding and redox reactions.
b. [Co(en)2Cl2]: Metal oxidation state = 3, dn electron count = 2, total valence electron count = 16
c. (TiCP2Cl)2: Metal oxidation state = +4, dn electron count = 2, total valence electron count = 20
d. Rh(PPh3)3Cl: Metal oxidation state = +3, dn electron count = 3, total valence electron count = 24
e. [(MeCN)HgMe]: Metal oxidation state = +2, dn electron count = 4, total valence electron count = 16
f. OSo: Metal oxidation state = 0, dn electron count = 2, total valence electron count = 10
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Find the mass of urea (CH4N2O) needed to prepare 52.0g of a solution in water in which the mole fraction of urea is 7.71×10−2.
The mass of urea (CH4N2O) needed to prepare 52.0g of a solution in water in which the mole fraction of urea is 7.71×10−2 is 13.62 g.
What is mole fraction ?The term mole fraction represents the number of molecules of a particular component in a mixture divided by the total number of moles in the given mixture. It's a way of expressing the concentration of a solution.
The mass of water = 48.5 g
number of moles of water = 52.0 g/18g/mol
= 2.8 moles of water
mole fraction of urea = 7.71×10−2
but mole fraction = mole of substance/ total number of moles
Let the number of moles of urea be x
7.71 × 10−2 = x / 2.8 + x
7.71 × 10 − 2 (2.8 + x) = x
7.71 × 10 - 5.6 + 2x = x
x = 0.227 moles of urea
mass of urea in solution = number of mole × molar mass
= 0.227 moles × 60 g/mol
= 13.62 g of urea
Thus, the mass of urea (CH4N2O) needed to prepare 52.0g of a solution in water in which the mole fraction of urea is 7.71×10−2 is 13.62 g.
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I want answer for this question and explaination
The information that will be the most useful to define a constraint for the device is option D. the temperature at which a reaction becomes unsafe for people
What is the chemical reaction about?The temperature at which a reaction becomes unsafe for people is the most important information to define a constraint for the device, as safety is a primary concern when designing any device for human use. If the reaction releases heat that exceeds a safe temperature, it could cause injury to the user, so it's essential to have a constraint in place to ensure that the reaction stays within safe limits.
Therefore, Other factors such as the average size of a person's foot, the boiling and freezing points of water, and the most popular color for similar products, while important for other aspects of the design, are not as critical for ensuring the safety of the device and its users.
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See transcribed text below
A chemist is designing a warming device for keeping a person's feet warm when they are outside during cold weather. The device will contain substances that undergo a chemical reaction and release heat.
Which information will be the most useful to define a constraint for the device?
A. the average size of a person's foot
B. the boiling and freezing points of water
C. the most popular color for similar products
D. the temperature at which a reaction becomes unsafe for people
Use your knowledge of shielding and deshielding effects to match each marked H atom/group of H atoms in the given structure with the expected chemical shift in the 1H NMR spectrum.
A=== 9.2
B======== 2.2
C ======= 3.6
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, maximum usually known as NMR spectroscopy or magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), is a spectroscopic approach to examining local magnetic fields around atomic nuclei. The pattern is positioned in a magnetic discipline and the NMR signal is produced through the excitation of the nuclei pattern with radio waves into nuclear magnetic resonance, which is detected with touchy radio receivers.
The intramolecular magnetic subject around an atom in a molecule adjusts the resonance frequency, for that reason giving get right of entry to information on the electronic shape of a molecule and its personal purposeful agencies. as the fields are precise or quite function to individual compounds, in cutting-edge natural chemistry practice, NMR spectroscopy is the definitive technique to perceive monomolecular organic compounds.
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assuming that the copper and lead are pure, determine the relative amounts of each kind of bb. the density of copper is 8.96 g/cm3 . the density of lead is 11.4 g/cm3
If m_c = m_l, then there is equal amounts of copper and lead.
To determine the relative amounts of each type of bull3t (copper and lead), we need to know the mass and volume of each type of bull3t. Assuming that the copper and lead are pure, the mass of each bull3t can be calculated using its density and volume.
Let's say the volume of the copper bull3t is V_c and the volume of the lead bull3t is V_l. Then, the mass of the copper bullet can be calculated as follows:
m_c = ρ_c * V_c
where ρ_c is the density of copper (8.96 g/cm3).
Similarly, the mass of the lead bull3t can be calculated as follows:
m_l = ρ_l * V_l
where ρ_l is the density of lead (11.4 g/cm3).
To determine the relative amounts of each type of bull3t, we need to compare their masses. If m_c > m_l, then there is more copper than lead. If m_c < m_l, then there is more lead than copper. And if m_c = m_l, then there is equal amounts of copper and lead.
Note: The actual masses of the bull3ts will depend on their individual volumes, which are not specified in the question. The above calculation provides only a relative comparison of the masses of the two types of bull3ts.
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In a chemical reaction involving the formation of an intermediate activated complex, which step must always be exothermic? a.Reactants- Activated Complex b.Reactants -Products c.Products-Activated Complex d.Activated-Complex products
In a chemical reaction involving the formation of an intermediate activated complex, the step from reactants to the activated complex must always be exothermic. Option A is correct.
This step is called the activation energy, and it represents the energy required to form the activated complex, which is a high-energy transition state between the reactants and the products. The formation of the activated complex is exothermic because the activated complex is higher in energy than the reactants and lower in energy than the products.
The energy difference between the reactants and the activated complex is the activation energy, which is usually overcome by heat, light, or some other form of energy. Once the activation energy has been supplied, the reaction proceeds to form the products, which are lower in energy than the activated complex.
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Ethylene burns in oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water vapor:
C2H4(g)+ 3 O2(g)-->2 CO2(g)+ 2 H2O(g)
How many liters of water can be formed if 1.25 liters of ethylene are consumed in this reaction? (Assume STP)
_____ L H2O (3 sig figs)
Answer:
1.25 L of C2H4 is equal to:
1.25 L / 22.4 L/mol = 0.0558 moles
From the balanced chemical equation, we see that for every 1 mole of C2H4 that reacts, 2 moles of H2O are formed.
So, for 0.0558 moles of C2H4:
0.0558 moles * 2 moles H2O/mole C2H4 = 0.1116 moles of H2O
0.1116 moles * 22.4 L/mol = 2.51 L H2O (3 sig figs)
how many moles are present in 2.50 x 10^23 molecules of C4H6? show work
2.50 x 10^23 molecules of C4H6 contains 1.25 x 10^23 moles of C4H6.
What do you mean by moles?
Moles are a unit of measurement used to quantify the amount of a substance. They represent the amount of a substance, measured in terms of the number of atoms, molecules, ions, or other particles present in a given sample. For example, one mole of carbon atoms equals 12 grams of carbon.
To calculate this, we use the equation:
Moles = (Number of molecules) / (Avogadro's number)
Moles = (2.50 x 10^23 molecules) / (6.02 x 10^23 molecules/mole)
Moles = 1.25 x 10^23 moles.
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What is the mole fraction of O₂ in this mixture? 26.1 g of CO2 and 36.6 g of O₂
The mole fraction of a substance in a mixture is the ratio of the number of moles of that substance to the total number of moles of all substances in the mixture.
converting the masses of CO2 and O2 into moles:
CO2: 26.1 g ÷ 44.01 g/mol = 0.59 moles
O2: 36.6 g ÷ 32.00 g/mol = 1.14 moles
adding up the total number of moles:
0.59 moles + 1.14 moles = 1.73 moles
dividing the number of moles of O2 by the total number of moles:
1.14 moles ÷ 1.73 moles = 0.66 or 66%
So the mole fraction of O2 in this mixture is 0.66 or 66%.
What is a mixture?In chemistry, a mixture is a concoction of two or more compounds, each of which maintains its unique chemical identity and properties. Physical separation of the components in a mixture is possible using techniques like distillation, evaporation, or filtering. The qualities of a mixture, as opposed to a chemical compound, rely on the ratios of the constituent parts. Mixtures include things like air, salt water, and gasoline.
A substance made up of two or more separate chemical compounds that are not chemically linked is referred to as a mixture. When two or more substances are physically combined, their identities are maintained, and the mixture takes the shape of solutions, suspensions, or colloids.
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How many bonds and lone pairs surrounding the central atom of OF2
Two electron bond pairs combine to generate two O–F bond pairs. Two single electron pairs make up the O-atom. There are three lone electron pairs in each F atom. There are thus eight lone electron pair overall.
What are three electron-related facts?The negatively charged particles known as electrons revolve about the outside of the nucleus. For scientists, it can be challenging to monitor them because of how quickly they spin. The tiniest particles in an atom, you can put 2000 of them out of a proton, they are drawn to the positive ions of the protons.
What is an electron example?The smallest elemental component of an atom, the electron has a negative charge. Quantity of protons.
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Determine the number of Al3+ and Cl− ions required to form a neutral ionic compound.
3 chloride ions are required to neutralize the charge of +3 on aluminium ion and the ionic compound formed is AlCl3 .
What is an ionic compound ?Te term ionic compounds is defined as compounds made up of ions that produce charged particles when an atom gains or loses electrons. A cation is an ion charged positively, and an anion is an ion charged negatively.
Al has a charge of +3. Cl has a charge of -1. Therefore,3 chloride ions are required to neutralize the charge of +3 on aluminium and the neutral ionic compound AlCl3 is formed.
Thus, 3 Al3+ and 1 Cl− ions required to form a neutral ionic compound AlCl3.
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Suppose that when you plot the masses of several samples of an unknown substance against the corresponding volumes of water displaced by the samples, the slope of the resulting straight line is 2.7 g/mL. What is the substance's density and probable identity?
The density of the object is 2.7 g/mL and it is aluminum.
What is density?We have to note that the density of the material is the ratio of the mass to the volume of the object. In the case the density was determined experimentally by plotting the masses of several samples of an unknown substance against the corresponding volumes of water displaced by the samples.
We know that the density is the slope of the graph and the density of the object based on the statement in the question is 2.7 g/mL.
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Normal saline is a solution of aqueous sodium chloride with a concentration of 0.90% (glmL): Express this concentration in molarity; then indicate whether the osmotic pressure of each of these solutions is hypotonic, isotonic, or hypertonic compared to normal saline: a_ 1.0 M aq: KCI b. 0.5 M aq: K2SO4 C_ 4.3 M aq NHACI d. 0.15 M aq: sugar
The concentration of 0.90% aqueous sodium chloride can be expressed in molarity as follows:
0.90 g/mL of sodium chloride = 0.0090 g/mL × 1 mole / 58.44 g = 0.000155 M
Next, we can compare the osmotic pressure of each solution to normal saline:
A) 1.0 M aq: KCl is hypertonic compared to normal saline. The osmotic pressure of a solution is directly proportional to its concentration. Therefore, a 1.0 M solution of KCl has a higher concentration and higher osmotic pressure than normal saline, which makes it hypertonic.
B) 0.5 M aq: K2SO4 is hypotonic compared to normal saline. A 0.5 M solution of K2SO4 has a lower concentration and lower osmotic pressure than normal saline, which makes it hypotonic.
C) 4.3 M aq: NH4Cl is hypertonic compared to normal saline. A 4.3 M solution of NH4Cl has a higher concentration and higher osmotic pressure than normal saline, which makes it hypertonic.
D) 0.15 M aq: sugar is hypotonic compared to normal saline. A 0.15 M solution of sugar has a lower concentration and lower osmotic pressure than normal saline, which makes it hypotonic.
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When 1.0 g of gasoline burns, it releases 11 kcal of heat. The density of gasoline is 0.74 g/mL. How many megajoules are released when 1.0 gal of gasoline burns?
It will going to release 129 MJ of heat.
What is gasoline?Mass of gasoline = 1.0 g, Heat released = 11 kcal. Density of gasoline = 0.74 g/mL
Here, we are asked to calculate heat in megajoules, released when 1.0 gal of gasoline burns.
First, let’s find the volume of 1.0 gal gasoline in mL = 1.0 gal gasoline = 3785.41 mL
Now, let’s find the mass of gasoline in g:
Mass = Density volume
= 0.74 g/mL 3785.41 m = 2801.20 g.
Given, 1 g releases 11 kcal. Let’s find the heat released by 2800 g:
= 2801.20 g
= 30813.2 kcal
Now, let’s convert the heat in kcal to MJ:
1 kcal = 0.004186 MJ
Therefore, heat in megajoules will be: = 30813.2 kcal = 128.98 MJ
Therefore, It will going to release 129 MJ of heat.
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