The indicators have a chemical structure that can absorb light( have a color) under certain pH conditions and either change color or come tintless under other pH conditions.
This typically occurs due to a change in protonation of the functional group( special side chain) of the patch. Let's look at an illustration of thymol blue index, C27H30O5S. In the figure, there are three structural comformations that differ in two locales( indicated in red) as to whether there's a bound hydrogen or not. The presence of the hydrogens change the wavelength( s) at which the emulsion absorbs light, so there are different colors associated with each conformation. Each conformation also exists within a given pH range, meaning they change color at a specific pH range or point.
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21.__ contribute most of the organic material that forms humus.
A. Animals
B. Bacteria
C. Decomposers
D. Plants
what is the optimal temperature for lactase activity?
The optimal temperature for lactase activity is : 125 to 135 degrees F
What is the optimal temperature for lactase activity?125 to 135 degrees F is the optimum temperature for lactase activity. At temperatures higher than this range, enzyme quickly becomes denatured and is therefore unable to break down the milk sugar.
Optimum pH for lactose hydrolysis is 6.5, which is very close to the pH of milk. Heating lactase for 1 min results in 97% inactivation at 60° C and complete inactivation at 70° C and some inactivation also occurs at 40° C over 1-hour incubation.
It was observed that heat treatment of milk increases lactase activity, with maximum activity increase found when milk was heated at 55°C.
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What is the Lewis structure for PF6?
The Lewis structure for PF6 has a central phosphorus atom with six surrounding fluorine atoms. Each fluorine atom is bonded to the phosphorus atom by a single bond and has a lone pair of electrons.
PF6 is a polyatomic ion, which means it has a charge. In this case, the charge is -1. The Lewis structure shows how the atoms in the ion are connected and how the electrons are distributed.
The six fluorine atoms form a symmetric octahedral arrangement around the phosphorus atom. Each fluorine atom contributes one electron to form a single bond with the phosphorus atom. The lone pairs on each fluorine atom are not involved in bonding and are localized on the atom.
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In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5. 0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 n on the large piston? assume the pistons each have negligible weight.
The force applied on the small piston in order to lift 20,000N on the large piston is 0.8×10³ N.
According to Pascal's law, the pressure distribution in the confined fluid is equal in all directions. Therefore, if the cross-sectional area of the output cylinder is larger than the input cylinder, then the output force is larger than the input force. The ratio of the output force to the input force on the input piston is called the mechanical advantage, and if it is greater than one, then force multiplication takes place.
Given, F₁=20000 N is the weight of the car
r₂=4.0 cm is the radius of the small piston
r₁=20cm is the radius of the large piston
F₂ is the force applied on the small piston.
Pressure in the large cylinder = Pressure in the smaller cylinder,
P₁=P₂
F₁/A₁=F₂/A₂
F₂= 0.8×10³ N.
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what is third variable problem?
The third variable problem refers to the possibility that a correlation between two variables may be caused by a third variable that is related to both of them.
In research, it is common to find a correlation between two variables, but it is important to consider the possibility that another factor may be influencing the relationship between those variables. This is where the third variable problem arises.
For example, if researchers find a correlation between ice cream consumption and crime rates, it would be erroneous to conclude that eating ice cream causes crime. It is possible that a third variable, such as temperature, could be influencing both ice cream consumption and crime rates.
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How can I find a solution for Science Fiction Energy Rays That Might Suck Up Earthly Bodies, As Depicted Three Times In This Puzzle?
Unfortunately, there is no definitive answer to this puzzle as it is based on science fiction and is not a real-world phenomenon. However, there are several creative solutions that could be explored.
What is the fiction ?Fiction is a form of imaginative storytelling that can be found in books, movies, plays, television shows, and other creative works. It is based on the creative imagination of the writer, artist, or filmmaker, and is often set in a fictional world or universe separate from our own. Fiction can be thought of as an escape from reality, allowing the reader or viewer to explore different characters, settings, and situations, and to experience a story in a way that is not possible in real life. Fiction can range from the fantastical and magical to the mundane and ordinary, and can explore a wide range of topics, themes, and ideas. It can be used to entertain, to teach, to inspire, and to provoke thought.
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What type of research highlights causality, allowing the cause to be separated from the effect?
In psychology research, the laboratory experiment has long been regarded as the "gold standard."
This is so that causality can be clearly established and because only laboratory experiments can distinguish between cause and effect.
What is a laboratory?
The evidence suggests that Pythagoras of Samos, a well-known Greek philosopher and scientist, had a laboratory in his home.
This laboratory was set up by Pythagoras, who experimented with sound tones and string vibration.
In a painting by Albert Edelfelt from 1885, Louis Pasteur is shown comparing a note in his left hand to a bottle containing a solid in his right hand, without wearing any personal protective equipment.
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The displacement (in meters) of a particle moving in a straight line is given by the equation of motion s = 8 t2 , where t is measured in seconds. Find the velocity (in m/s) of the particle at times t = a, t = 1, t = 2, and t = 3.
The velocity of the particle is 0 m/s since the displacement is 0 when t = a.
What is the velocity ?Velocity is a measure of the rate and direction of change in the position of an object. It is a vector quantity, consisting of both speed and direction. Velocity is most commonly expressed in terms of distance traveled per unit of time. The average velocity of an object over a period of time is its displacement divided by the time duration. Speed, on the other hand, is a scalar quantity and is the magnitude of the velocity vector. It is the rate of change in position of an object, regardless of direction.
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The velocity variates different at different time i.e. when
t = 1, v = -16m/s
t = 2, v = -2.25m/s
t = 3, v = -1.77m/s
What is Velocity?The concept of velocity refers to the rate and direction of motion of a point. For instance, the orientation of a circular path is always perpendicular to the line that connects a point to the center of the circle. A point always advances down a route that is perpendicular to it (a radius). The magnitude of the velocity is the rate of motion of the point along its path through time.
If a point moves along a path and covers a certain distance in a predetermined amount of time, its average speed over that period of time is equal to the distance covered divided by the travel time. For instance, the average speed of a train traveling 100 kilometers in two hours is 50 km/h.
v(t) =ds / dt = d(8/t²) / dt = -16/t³
Velocity of the particle at time t = a
v(a)= - 16 / a³
Velocity of the particle at time t = 1
v(1) = -16m/s
Velocity of the particle at time t = 2
v(2) = -2.25m/s
Velocity of the particle at time t = 3 v(3) = - 1.77m/s
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The specific heat of copper is 0.385 J/g °C. How much thermal energy is required to increase the temperature of a 20g sample of copper from 20°C to 50°C? A) 154 B) 385 C) 308D) 231
The specific heat capacity of a material is defined as the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of the material by 1 degree Celsius. In this case, we are given that the specific heat .
What is specific heat capacity ?To calculate the amount of thermal energy required to increase the temperature of a 20g sample of copper from 20°C to 50°C, we can use the following formula:Q = m x c x ΔT
where Q is the thermal energy in Joules, m is the mass of the sample in grams, c is the specific heat capacity of the material in J/g°C, and ΔT is the change in temperature in degrees Celsius.Substituting the given values, we get:
Q = 20g x 0.385 J/g°C x (50°C - 20°C)
Q = 20g x 0.385 J/g°C x 30°C
Q = 231 Joules
Therefore, the amount of thermal energy required to increase the temperature of a 20g sample of copper from 20°C to 50°C is 231 Joules. Hence, the answer is D) 231.To know more about specific heat capacity , check out :
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Q2. People say, "magnetic north pole of the earth is present in the geographical south pole Using a compass and the knowledge of attraction between magnets, can you prove this theory?
We can prove this fact using a compass. The compass needle's north is always pointed towards the geographic north. It is because the geographic north of earth is its magnetic south pole and will attracts the north pole of compass.
What are magnetic poles ?A magnet have its strongest field strength at it poles. A magnet is having two poles namely magnetic south and magnetic north poles. The magnetic field lines at south pole is inwards whereas, it is outwards at north pole.
Two unlike poles of a magnet attracts each other and two like poles will repel each other as in the case of charges. The magnetic north pole of a compass will be always pointed towards the geographic north.
This fact is clearly observable with a compass. It is because, the magnetic south of the earth's magnetic field is located in its geographic north pole. That is why the compass north pole is attracted towards the south pole of earth's magnet that is at the north of earth.
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What are some disadvantages of a vertical axis wind turbine?
Vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) have some disadvantages compared to horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs). Here are a few:
What are the disadvantages ?Lower efficiency: VAWTs have lower efficiency than HAWTs, meaning that they produce less electricity per unit of wind energy. This is partly due to the fact that VAWTs operate at lower wind speeds, and partly due to their design.Higher maintenance: VAWTs have more moving parts than HAWTs, which can make them more expensive to maintain over time.Higher cost: Because VAWTs are less common than HAWTs, they can be more expensive to manufacture and install.Noise and vibration: Some VAWTs can be noisier and produce more vibration than HAWTs, which can be a problem in residential areas.To know more about VAWT , check out :
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A car starts from rest on a curve with a radius of 100m and tangential acceleration of 1.3m/s2 .Through what angle will the car have traveled when the magnitude of its total acceleration is 2.2m/s2 ?
The car will have traveled through an angle of approximately 9.29 degrees when the magnitude of its total acceleration is 2.2 m/s^2.
To solve this problem, we need to determine the magnitude of the radial acceleration experienced by the car as it moves along the curve. The radial acceleration can be found using the equation:
ar = v^2/r
where v is the tangential velocity of the car and r is the radius of the curve.
Since the car starts from rest, its initial tangential velocity is zero, and its radial acceleration is equal to its total acceleration. Therefore, we can write:
ar = a
a = v^2/r
We can rearrange this equation to solve for the tangential velocity of the car:
v = √(ar * r)
Substituting the given values, we have:
v = √(2.2 m/s^2 * 100 m) = 14.5 m/s
Next, we can use the tangential velocity to determine the angle through which the car has traveled. The tangential distance traveled by the car can be found using the equation:
d = v * t
where t is the time elapsed.
Since the tangential acceleration is given as 1.3 m/s^2, we can use this to determine the time elapsed:
a = v / t
t = v / a
Substituting the values, we have:
t = 14.5 m/s / 1.3 m/s^2 = 11.15 s
Finally, we can use the time elapsed and the radius of the curve to find the angle through which the car has traveled:
θ = d / r = v * t / r = (14.5 m/s) * (11.15 s) / (100 m) = 0.162 radians = 9.29 degrees
So, the car will have traveled through an angle of approximately 9.29 degrees when the magnitude of its total acceleration is 2.2 m/s^2.
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Which one of the following properties most fundamentally distinguishes mechanical waves from electromagnetic waves?A)Mechanical waves have crests and troughs. B)Mechanical waves require a medium for propagation. C) Mechanical waves have well-defined wavelengths. D)Mechanical waves move at a finite speed
'Mechanical waves require a medium for propagation' is the statement which most fundamentally distinguishes mechanical waves from electromagnetic waves. Correct option is B.
A wave's height (amplitude), frequency, and length are all ways to describe it. Any wave can be thought of as an energy-transferring disturbance.
Compared to mechanical waves, electromagnetic waves are different. The electromagnetic waves can move in vacuums since they have the ability, but sound waves and water cannot, so they require a medium to spread.
Electric and magnetic fields oscillate along with electromagnetic waves in a manner that is perpendicular to the direction of propagation.
Thus, mechanical waves require a medium for propagation.
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A spring of k=500 N/m that is initially compressed 2m is used to launch a 100N load of bricks up a 2 m tall
hill. Find the speed of the bricks at the top of the hill.
e. What would the speed at the top of the hill be with 2m of initial compression if 15% of the energy is
dissipated through friction?
Speed of the bricks at the top of hill is calculated as 6.26 m/s. e) speed of the bricks at top of hill with 2 m of initial compression and 15% energy dissipation is calculated as 13.04 m/s.
What is energy?The capacity or power to do work, like the capacity to move any object by the application of force is called energy.
Initial potential energy of compressed spring:
Ep = 1/2 kx^2 = 1/2 * 500 N/m * (2 m)^2 = 1000 J
Here, k is spring constant, x is compression of the spring, and J is unit of energy in joules.
Final potential energy of the bricks:
Ep = m g h = 100 N * 9.81 m/s^2 * 2 m
= 1962 J
As, Ep = Ep
1/2 kx^2 = m g h
v = sqrt(2gh) = sqrt(2 * 9.81 m/s^2 * 2 m) = 6.26 m/s
Therefore, speed of the bricks at the top of the hill is 6.26 m/s.
e. If 15% of energy is dissipated through friction, final kinetic energy of the bricks at the top of hill will be 85% of initial potential energy of compressed spring.
0.85 * 1000 J = 1/2 mv^2
v = sqrt(170 / 1)
= 13.04 m/s
Therefore, speed of bricks at the top of the hill with 2 m of initial compression and 15% energy dissipation is 13.04 m/s.
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What is the light source for a telescope?
The light for a telescope comes from astronomical objects like stars, galaxies, and planets, not from an internal source.
The main job of the telescope is to gather and concentrate this light, enlarging and enhancing the image via a variety of mirrors or lenses.
The light is collected and focused at a focal point by the telescope's objective lens or primary mirror, where it is enlarged by an eyepiece or camera.
Depending on the user's intended use of the telescope for scientific or observational purposes, telescopes may be built to focus on a particular kind of light, such as visible light, infrared, ultraviolet, or radio waves.
To reduce interference from the Earth's atmosphere, telescopes can also be installed on the surface of the earth or in orbit.
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What are nodes and antinodes?
Nodes are points with zero amplitude, while antinodes are points with maximum amplitude in standing waves.
Nodes and antinodes are terms used to depict the areas of least and most extreme amplitudes, separately, in standing waves. A standing wave is a wave that has all the earmarks of being fixed on the grounds that it is the consequence of the obstruction of two rushes of a similar recurrence and plentifulness going in inverse headings.
Nodes are focuses along the standing wave where the plentifulness is zero. These focuses relate to where the peak of one wave agrees with the box of the other wave, bringing about horrendous impedance.
Antinodes, then again, are focuses along the standing wave where the plentifulness is at a most extreme. These focuses relate to where the peaks and box of the two waves support one another, subsequent in helpful obstruction.
Nodes and antinodes are significant in many fields, including acoustics, optics, and quantum mechanics.
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the space between the parietal layer and visceral layer of the pericardium contains ______.
Answer: serous fluid
Explanation: The space between these two serous layers, the parietal and the visceral, is the pericardial cavity, which contains pericardial fluid.
In a calorimetry experiment, a 50-gram sample of liquid water went from 25°C to 29°C. How much heat energy (in calories) did this sample of water absorb?
Taking into account the definition of calorimetry, the heat energy that this sample of water absorbed is 199.87 cal.
Definition of sensible heatSensible heat is defined as the amount of heat that a body absorbs or releases without affecting its molecular structure.
The expression that allows to calculate heat exchanges is:
Q = c× m× ΔT
where:
Q is the heat exchanged by a body of mass m.c is the specific heat substance.ΔT is the temperature variation.Heat energy in this caseIn this case, you know:
Q= ?c= 4.184 J/gCm= 50 gΔT= Tfinal - Tinitial= 29°C - 25°C= 4 °CReplacing in the definition of sensible heat:
Q = 4.184 J/gC× 50 g× 4 C
Solving:
Q= 836.8 J= 199.87 cal (1 J= 0.238846 cal)
Finally, the heat in this case is 199.87 cal.
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occurs in what month is halfway between the winter solstice and the spring equinox
Halfway between the winter solstice and the spring equinox is the month of February in the Northern Hemisphere and August in the Southern Hemisphere.
When is Winter Solstice & Spring Equinox?The winter solstice occurs on December 21st or 22nd and marks the shortest day and longest night of the year. The spring equinox occurs on March 20th or 21st and marks the start of spring, when the day and night are roughly equal in length.
Halfway between these two events is approximately February 10th in the Northern Hemisphere and August 10th in the Southern Hemisphere. This is when the days start to get noticeably longer and the sun starts to rise higher in the sky, signaling the end of winter and the beginning of spring.
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suppose that you lift an object by exerting an upward force of 12 newtons on it. if gravity exerts a force of 10 newtons downward on the object, what is the total force on the object?
a. 12 newtons.
b. 10 newtons.
c. 2 newtons.
d. 22 newtons.
The total force on the object is 2 newtons.
What is upward force?
Upward force is a force that acts in an upward direction. It is a force that opposes the downward force of gravity. It is the force that allows an object to rise upwards and resist the pull of gravity. This upward force can be generated by air resistance, buoyancy, or a combination of both. Upward force is also known as lift. It is commonly used in aerodynamics and propulsion systems. Examples of upward force include the lift generated by a plane’s wings, the thrust of a rocket engine, and the buoyancy of a balloon.
The upward force is 12 newtons.
The gravity is exerting a force of 10 newtons downward on the object.
Then Subtract because they are in opposite directions.
12 - 10 = 2 newtons.
Therefore, 2 newtons is the correct answer.
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How do you convert Kelvin to Celsius formula?
Answer:
Below
Explanation:
To convert K to °C just subtract 273.15 from the K value
a 5 ohm resistor is connected across a battery of 6 volts. Calculate the current flowing through the resistor and the energy dissipated as heat in 10 seconds
Answer:
To calculate the current flowing through the resistor, we can use Ohm's Law, which states that V = IR, where V is the voltage, I is the current, and R is the resistance.
In this case, the voltage is 6 volts and the resistance is 5 ohms, so:
I = V/R = 6/5 = 1.2 amps
To calculate the energy dissipated as heat in 10 seconds, we can use the formula:
E = I^2Rt, where E is the energy, I is the current, R is the resistance, and t is the time.
Substituting the values we have:
E = (1.2)^2 x 5 x 10 = 72 joules
Therefore, the current flowing through the resistor is 1.2 amps, and the energy dissipated as heat in 10 seconds is 72 joules.
the first basic step in solving force and motion problems generally involves identifying all of the forces acting on an object. this tactics box provides a step-by-step method for identifying each force in a problem.
true/false
The statement "the first basic step in solving force and motion problems generally involves identifying all of the forces acting on an object" is true because the first step of question is to draw FBD.
A free body diagram (FBD) is a visual representation that shows all the forces acting on an object. It is a simple sketch that isolates an object of interest and shows all the forces acting on it, including the direction and magnitude of each force.
Free body diagrams are commonly used in physics and engineering to analyze and solve problems related to force and motion. By drawing a free body diagram, one can easily identify all the forces acting on an object and determine their net effect on the object's motion.
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Why is a direct comparison of station pressures difficult?
1. Station pressures change abruptly over small horizontal distances even when there is no appreciable change in elevation.
2. Weather stations are often at different altitudes
3. Aneroid barometers are extremely inaccurate
4. All of the above
Even when there is no discernible change in elevation, station pressures quickly shift across short horizontal distances.
What are the benefits of pressure altitude?Aircraft performance and flight levels are both based on pressure altitude, which is crucial for aircraft operating at or above 18,000 feet. Pressure altitude is adjusted for non-standard temperature to produce density altitude.
What distinguishes the altimeter setting from the station pressure?The station pressure, which is the actual barometric pressure of a location, is the pressure that is measured at a particular elevation. The pressure indication that is most frequently heard in radio and television broadcasts is the altimeter setting. It is not the station's actual barometric pressure.
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what is the pressure when a liquid is boiling at its normal boiling point?
The probability of the union of two events occurring can never be more than the probability of the intersection of two events occurring.A. True
B. False
Answer:
A. true
Suppose A = probability of a day occurring on the weekend
B = probability of day occurring last half of weekend
A int B = 2/7 * 1/2 = 1/7
obviously a Sun can occur only 1/7 of the time
What is 180 f to c ?
180 degrees Fahrenheit is equal to 82.22 degrees Celsius.
Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. Temperature conversion is the process of converting a temperature measurement from one unit to another. The most common units for temperature measurement are Celsius (C) and Fahrenheit (F).
The temperature conversion from Fahrenheit to Celsius can be done using the formula: C = (F - 32) * 5/9, where C is the temperature in Celsius and F is the temperature in Fahrenheit.
To convert 180 degrees Fahrenheit to Celsius, we can plug in the values into the formula:
C = (180 - 32) * 5/9
C = 148 * 5/9
C = 82.22
So, The temperature 180 degrees of Fahrenheit is equivalent to 82.22 degrees Celsius.
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How do you calculate density altitude?
Density altitude is a measurement of air density used to estimate aeroplane performance. It is determined by combining temperature, pressure, and humidity. The density altitude formula is as follows:
Pressure altitude + [120 x (OAT - ISA temperature)] = density altitude
In the above formula:
The height in the standard atmosphere where the atmospheric pressure equals the measured pressure is referred to as pressure altitude.
OAT is the temperature of the outside air in degrees Celsius.
The International Standard Atmosphere (ISA) temperature is the standard temperature for a certain altitude (ISA).
The altitude in feet above sea level at which the air density is equal to the air density at the actual altitude, temperature, and pressure is the outcome of this computation. A high density altitude indicates that the air is less dense, which can reduce aircraft performance, whereas a low density altitude indicates that the air is denser, which can improve aircraft performance.
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is friction negligible
Friction is not always negligible, as it can have significant effects on the behavior of objects in motion.
Friction is a force that opposes the motion of two surfaces in contact with each other. The magnitude of the frictional force depends on the nature of the surfaces in contact, the force pressing the surfaces together, and the relative motion between the surfaces.
In some cases, the effects of friction can be ignored because they are small compared to other forces at play. For example, in situations where an object is moving through a fluid, such as air or water, the effects of friction may be negligible compared to the forces of drag and buoyancy.
In other situations, the effects of friction cannot be ignored. For example, in a car's braking system, the friction between the brake pads and the rotor is necessary to slow down and stop the car. Without this friction, the car would not be able to come to a complete stop.
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Find the net electric force that the two charges would exert on an electron placed at point on the x -axis at x = 0. 200 m.
The net electric force that the two charges would exert on an electron placed at point x = 0.200 m is:F = -2.40 x 10-9 N.
What is force?Force is an infants that causes an object to change its motion direction say for other physical quantity force can be caused by physical contact or they can be created by feels like rabbit in magnetism for skin also be internal such as force of fraction tension in compression.
The net electric force that the two charges would exert on an electron placed at point x = 0. 200 m is calculated using Coulomb’s law. Coulomb’s law states that the magnitude of the force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of the charges, and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
The equation for the electric force is F = k * q1 * q2 / r2, where k is Coulomb’s constant (8.99 x 109 Nm2/C2), q1 and q2 are the two charges, and r is the distance between them.
In this case, the two charges are q1 = +4.0 x 10-8 C and q2 = -4.0 x 10-8 C. The distance between them is r = 0.2 m.
Therefore, the net electric force that the two charges would exert on an electron placed at point x = 0.200 m is:
F = (8.99 x 109 Nm2/C2) * (4.0 x 10-8 C) * (-4.0 x 10-8 C) / (0.2 m)2
F = -2.40 x 10-9 N
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The net electric force that the two charges would exert on an electron placed at point x = 0.200 m is:[tex]F = -2.40 \times 10^{-9} N.[/tex]
What is force?Force is an infants that causes an object to change its motion direction say for other physical quantity force can be caused by physical contact or they can be created by feels like rabbit in magnetism for skin also be internal such as force of fraction tension in compression.
The net electric force that the two charges would exert on an electron placed at point x = 0. 200 m is calculated using Coulomb’s law. Coulomb’s law states that the magnitude of the force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of the charges, and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
The equation for the electric force is[tex]F = k \times q1 \times q2 / r^2,[/tex] where k is Coulomb’s constant ([tex]8.99 \times 10^9 Nm^2/C^2[/tex]), q1 and q2 are the two charges, and r is the distance between them.
In this case, the two charges are q1 = +4.0 x 10-8 C and q2 = -4.0 x 10-8 C. The distance between them is r = 0.2 m.
Therefore, the net electric force that the two charges would exert on an electron placed at point x = 0.200 m is:
[tex]F = (8.99 \times 10^9 Nm^2/C^2) \times (4.0 \times 10-8 C) \times (-4.0 \times 10^{-8} C) / (0.2 m)^2 \\F = -2.40 \times 10-9 N[/tex]
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