Answer: Which of the following statements correctly compares transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
Explanation: It would be B
The correct comparison between transcription of prokaryotes and Eukaryotes is that prokaryotes have one type of RNA polymerase, whereas eukaryotes have at least three.
Prokaryotes Transcription:
Only three promoter elements: -10, -35 promoters, and upstream elements. Prokaryotes have only one type. In prokaryotes, transcription and translation occur simultaneously.Polyadenylation do not occur in prokaryotes. Transcribed mRNAs in prokaryotes are polycistronic. In prokaryotes, termination is done by either rho-dependent or rho-independent mechanisms.Eukaryotic Transcription:
Eukaryotes contain many different promoter elements: TATA box, initiator elements, CAAT box, etc.There are three types of RNA polymerases, I, II, and III in Eukaryotes, The RNA is transcribe in the nucleus and then translate in the cytoplasm.Eukaryotic mRNAs are monocistronic.Termination is done by two elements: a poly(A) signal and a downstream terminator sequence.Therefore, the correct comparison between transcription of prokaryotes and Eukaryotes is that prokaryotes have one type of RNA polymerase, whereas eukaryotes have at least three.
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9. Stretching of the stomach wall by food intake will inhibit the releasing of:
a- Leptin
b- Glucagon
c- Ghrelin
d- Peptide YY
10. Which cells produce glucagon and what is its function?
a- F cells/inhibit somatostatin secretions
b- Alpha cells/raise blood glucose
c- Beta cells/lower blood glucose
d- Delta cells/inhibit alpha and beta cells
7. Synthesis of Glucose from amino acids is termed as:
a- Gluconeogenesis
b- Lipogenesis
c- Glycogenesis
d- Glycolysis
8. In anabolism there is:
a- ( -ΔH )
b- ( Release of free energy. )
c- ( -ΔG )
d- ( +ΔΗ )
6. An example of Positive feedback is one of the following:
a- Blood clotting
b- Ovulation
c- Hyperglycaemia
d- Homeostasis
2. Which of the following is a feature of hypothyroidism?
a- Rapid heart rate.
b- Weight loss.
c- Oily skin.
d- Heavy periods.
3. Most nitrogen (N) enters the body as protein (>90%). and most N leaves the body in the urine as:
a- Creatinine
b- Urea
c- Uric acid
d- Ammonia
4. Which hormone is NOT excreted by the anterior pituitary.?
a- ADH.
b- OTSH.
c- FSH.
d- LH.
5. Which sugar is found in DNA?
a- ption 1
b- Xylose
c- Ribose
d- Ribulose
e- Deoxyribose
1. Excessive adrenaline secretion will result in:
a- Decrease mental alertness.
b- Glycogenesis.
c- Increase cardiac output.
d- Low blood supply to the muscles.
Answer:
xb.cgmfjsdhsrhstsrjsrhshrwhajrarhrjsrjahrarharhahhraeharhtjstk
Explanation:
gyrfhhdgdtdtetkdteueyrwruwyeafeageageageaetgrwyrwrywryqyqeyqeywywyrsrharhsrusharharysruarharhrarhahrsrsieuteutsurwrwutwruwruwru
Your friend Bruce calls in a panic. He has just come from the doctor and been diagnosed with a bacterial infection. The doctor told him not to worry; his B cells will take care of it in no time! Knowing that you are studying the immune response, he is calling to ask you to explain this statement. Is the doctor correct
Answer:
Answered below
Explanation:
B cells are a type of white blood cells of a subtype called lymphocytes. They confer acquired or adaptive immunity. This means that B lymphocytes responses to infective microbes are from the memories of their previous encounter with the microbes or antigens.
B lymphocytes fight bacteria and viruses by making Y-shaped proteins called antibodies. These antibodies are specific for each pathogen encountered. They identify and lock on to the surface of invading pathogenic cells and mark and present them for destruction by other immune cells.
Oftentimes, these antibodies are enough to fight off most bacterial infections that we have and therefore there's no need for extensive treatment with drugs.
The doctor is correct because B cells produce antibodies that recognize harmful bacteria, enabling them to be cleared from the human body.
B cells (also called B lymphocytes) are a fundamental type of white blood cell, which trigger protective antibody responses of the adaptive immune system.The plasma cells developed from a particular B cell generate specific antibodies that recognize specific antigens, which were bound to the B cell, generating immunological memory (i.e., antibody specificity).Antibodies generated by plasma B cells circulate in the bloodstream in order to recognize specific antigens present in bacteria, thereby enabling them to be cleared from the body.In conclusion, the doctor is correct because B cells produce antibodies that recognize harmful bacteria, enabling them to be cleared from the human body.
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1. In relation to homeostasis, explain why a person with toxic goiter tends to sweat profusely.
2. Explain how the action of a peptide hormone is similar to the action of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine.
Answer:
In relation to homeostasis, explain why a person with toxic goiter tends to sweat profusely.
When there is hyper secretion of thyroid hormone in an individual a condition called toxic goiter occurs.Here the goiter swells at the neck region.Although this may pose no potential risk, but it maybe cancerous.
Thyroid hormones(T3,T4),increases calorinogenesis,that is they are carlorinogenic(,generate it in the body).This increases the oxygen consumption of the heart, and therefore overall body temperature.
To control the body temperature, the body thermo regulatory mechanisms set in, as the blood convey the heat to the thermo receptors in the hypothalamus. Vasodilation (widening of blood capillaries) occurs as the hypothalamus control the body temperature.
Therefore, as the heat leaves the body, through the capillaries close the the skin surfaces,the body need to produce sweat to conveyed the heat which cools the body temperature,hence sweating .
2. Explain how the action of a peptide hormone is similar to the action of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine.
This is because norepinephrine. act as hormones when secreted by Adrenal gland directly into the blood streams and as neurotransmitter when produced from the CNS and sympathetic nervous system.
Generally,from transcription by the DNA, peptide hormone are transcribed by the mRNA,and the protein is translated into corresponding proteins by the tRNA.And from this exhibited their dominant effects on the endocrine systems.
Generally, norepinephrine. is specific in mode of actions.It binds to specific receptor at the cell surfaces to produce it effects. Likewise peptide hormones are also receptor specific binding. Thus these are the similarities
Explanation:
If a mutation occurred that increased the number of exons in a sequence of DNA, what impact would this have on the protein formed from the gene
Answer:
See the answer below
Explanation:
An increase in the number of exons in a sequence of DNA would result in another protein with a longer amino acid sequence.
Exons are the coding part of a gene as opposed to introns. After transcription, the non-coding part of the gene - the introns - are removed by splicing and the exons are joined back together. The final RNA that will undergo translation consists of only exons.
The longer the exons in a gene, the more the codons present in the corresponding mRNA from the gene, and the more the number of amino acids that would be translated from the mRNA. A longer amino acid chain would result in a different protein.
Hence, a mutation that causes an increase in the number of exons in a sequence of DNA would result in a different protein with a longer amino acid sequence.
______ were the first plants that did not require water for transferring sperm to eggs.
A) Bryophytes
B) Gymnosperms
C) Ferns
D) Angiosperms
Answer:
ferns
Explanation:
Why did Peter the Great call his new capital city a “window on Europe”? He wanted it to reflect European culture. He introduced the first European-style windows to Russia. He wanted to build a city close to Europe but far from the sea. He wanted his capital to be the opposite of all things European.
Answer:
He wanted it to reflect European culture.
Explanation:
Peter the Great was famous for his exploits as a great military leader, tactician, and commander of the Russian empire.
During his many travels and battles, he observed the culture of the Europeans and was astonished by it and as a result, he led a cultural revolution in Russia based on the new things he saw and learned so he called his new capital city "a window on Europe"
Answer:he wanted it to reflect European culture
Explanation:It was right
The diagram shows the trophic levels in a lake on
a farm
Large-Sized
Fishes
Fishes, Crabs
(Larvae)
Zooplankton
Diatoms/Algae
Suppose the farmer sprays a field with a
chemical fertilizer. Based on the flow of energy in
the lake, which organisms would contain the
highest concentration of the chemical fertilizer?
A diatoms and algae
B.zooplankton
C. fishes and crabs
D. large-sized fishes
Answer:
D. large-sized fishes
Explanation:
The energy flow in the trophic level from highest to lower level is as follows:
Large-Sized Fishes => Fishes and Crabs (Larvae) => Zooplankton => Diatoms/Algae.
The concentration of toxics or chemical substance increases from lower level (primary producers) to highest level, so the organism at apex contain highest concentration of chemical fertilizer.
In this example, large-sized fishes have highest concentration of chemical fertilizer.
Hence, the correct answer is D. large-sized fishes.
What are 3 names that are important to the study of biology?
Answer:
Botany, Zoology and Microbiology
Explanation:
These are the main studies/branches of Biology.
When the DNA microarray study tells us that a large number of genes have been turned up (or turned down) by a disorder, the most likely explanation is that "
Answer:
A major transcription factor is inactivated or an oncogene is overexpressed
Explanation:
A microarray is a technique widely used in molecular biology for the detection of the expression of target genes. A microarray is composed of microscopic spots that contain DNA probes which hybridize with the target acid nucleic (generally an mRNA). The hybridization of probe-target produces fluorescence or chemiluminescence, thereby it is possible to detect gene expression in the sample. The inactivation of major transcription factors (e.g., p53) or overexpression of oncogenes (e.g., c-Myc) are well-known to produce aberrant gene expression patterns as observed in this case.
You go on a trip to the Galapagos island to study the animals there for a paper you are writing on evolution, just like Darwin did. You spend 3 days taking blood samples from the tortoises, and then you spend 3 days isolating their chromosomes. What have you recorded? A. Phenotypes B. Genotypes C. Electroencephalogram D. Environmental variation factors
Answer:
B. Genotypes
Explanation:
The genotype of an organism refers to the genetic makeup of that organism. It is the combination of all the genes contained on the chromosomes of that organism. Gregor Mendel, who is considered to be the Father of Genetics, discovered that certain factors are responsible for the physical characteristics of organisms and that they can be transferred from one generation to another. These factors are called GENES. Genes are located on X-shaped structures called chromosomes.
Hence, the isolation of chromosomes taken from tortoise blood samples refers to recording their GENOTYPE (genetic constituent).
11. Describe the expedition that took place at Cheve Cave as described in
the "Race to the Center of the Earth" website. What challenges did the team
face?
Answer: Expedition took place to extend the cave beyond its initial limit of exploration
Explanation:
The expedition took place to extend the cave beyond its initial limit of exploration.
Why was the expedition a challenge for the team ?.As the expedition took place at the chevet cave which is described in the ace to the center of the earth. The expedition into the cave was full of challenges and hurdles. The team had to face a lack of oxygen, lack of light, and cold freezing water.
Thus the expedition was beyond the limits to explore the deep and mysterious place of the earth. As the cave is located in southern Mexico has a deepest point of about 1,536 meters and is the world's 11 deepest cave.
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Which of the following is least likely to lead to the formation of turbidity currents and submarine canyons?
A. A large hurricane
B. An underwater earthquake
C. A change in sea surface temperature
D. A tsunami
Answer:
A change in sea surface temperature
- Which of the following is least likely to lead to the formation of turbidity currents and submarine canyons?
A. A large hurricane
B. An underwater earthquake
C. A change in sea surface temperature
D. A tsunami
Answer:
C
Explanation:
You are part of a group of researchers working on determining the genetic basis for early onset Osteoporosis. Using data from subjects in Iceland, you are able to identify where the mutation is located. The target gene in unaffected people produces the amino acid sequence Pro-Met-Glu-Arg-Asp. In individuals with the mutation, the protein produced has a sequence of Pro-Met- then stops. What type of mutation is this?
Answer:
This question lacks options; the options are:
A) Deletion mutation
B) Missense mutation
C) Inversion mutation
D) Nonsense mutation
The answer is D) Nonsense mutation
Explanation:
A mutation in genetics refers to the change in the nucleotide sequence of a gene or DNA segment. The occurrence of mutation in a gene leads to different effects, which is the basis of the different types of mutation. The type of mutation described in this question is called a NONSENSE MUTATION, which is a type of base substitution mutation.
Nonsense mutation is the mutation in which one nucleotide base in the sequence gets replaced by a STOP CODON (UAA, UAG, UGA), leading to the truncation of the amino acid sequence and hence, the production of a non-functional protein.
This is the case in this mutated gene sequence whose normal sequence codes for: Pro-Met-Glu-Arg-Asp. The mutation causes the codon specifying Glutamine to be replaced by either of the STOP codons, thereby, stopping the translation process. The stop to the translation process causes the amino acid sequence to be truncated and a non-functional amino acid sequence is formed: Pro-Met-
Answer:
Nonsense Mutation is the anwser
Explanation:
Water is absorbed through the root hairs by means of
Answer: by means of osmosis
Answer:
Through Osmosis
Explanation:
Plants absorb water from the soil by osmosis.
Root hair cells are adapted for this because they haveve a large surface area to speed up osmosis.
Write one scientific question about the organism in the photo.
Answer:
How does the bird's long beak help it survive?
Explanation:
It could be to crack nuts or to help dig up bugs. This should work unless the question needs to be about cells and stuff.
Answer:
How long can a bird fly before taking a break
Explanation:
What are physical properties? Give some examples.
Answer:
Physical property is defined as the property of a substance which can be measured without changing its chemical identity. Physical properties are observable properties of a substance. In other words, physical properties can be measured by watching, listening, feel, touch or smell.
Some examples of physical property are: Hard, soft, color, odor, and luster etcetera.
Cells A and B receive the same high levels of stimulation, but Cell A shows a lower level of activity relative to Cell B. A likely explanation for this fact is that Cell A
Answer:
Cell A is laterally being inhibited by other neighbouring cells.
Explanation:
Cell A showing lower activity compare to cell B despite both having high simulation is because Cell A is surrounded by neighbouring cells and these neighbouring cells hinder the action potential of cell A through their numerous activity they perform around cell A.
Therefore they restrain the activities of cell A.
Chemical reactions can create more complex products. What evidence best explains this phenomenon? Larger macromolecules breakdown into smaller macromolecules and combine during the reaction. The basic need for oxygen makes the element essential to create macromolecules. Water molecules combine to form complex macromolecules that the body needs. The molecular structure of complex macromolecules show that a chemical reaction has occurred.
Answer:
The molecular structure of complex macromolecules show that a chemical reaction has occurred.
Explanation:
A macromolecule is defined as molecule containing a very large number of atoms, such as a protein, nucleic acid, or synthetic polymer.
Macromolecules are formed by chemical reactions between simple molecules which join together to give the macromolecule.
If we look at the structure of a macromolecule very closely, we will discover evidences that show that the complex structure of the macromolecule was created by stepwise chemical reactions.
Answer:
The answer is A
Explanation:
what is the product of meiosis ll
Thank you! Picture down below!
Answer:
22 ° C
Explanation
Compare plasma emission with fluorescence by indicating what is common and what is different for the two light emitting mechanisms.
Answer:
Plasma is a state of matter, generated when a gas of ions and atoms, have some of their orbital electrons and free electrons removed. Artificially, plasma can be generated by heating an electrically neutral gas, or subjecting the gas to a strong electromagnetic field until the gas becomes increasingly electrically conductive. This excited atoms and ions then emit electromagnetic radiation usually within the visible range, at wavelengths characteristic of the particular gas used, and are confined by a strong magnetic field.
On the other hand, fluorescence occurs when an excited molecule, atom, or subatomic particles like electrons relaxes to a lower energy state (possibly the ground state) by emitting energy in the form of a photon. It may have been directly excited from the ground state by absorbing energy in the form of a photon, subsequently emitting a photon of lower energy as it relaxes back to its initial lower state.
The common characteristics between these two phenomenon is that they both lead to the emission of energy in the form of photons, which is the unit of an electromagnetic energy or wave.
The difference is that plasma emission can only occur at a very high temperature, whereas fluorescence can occur at a wide range of temperatures between high and low temperatures.
Which is an example of codominance? (1 point)
roan coat color in horses
black and yellow coat color in Labrador retrievers
seed shape in pea plants
tall and short plant heights
Answer:
roan coat color in horses
Explanation:
Codominance is one of the Non-mendelian inheritance patterns in genetics i.e. does not follow Mendel's principles of inheritance. Codominance is a phenomenon whereby an allele is neither dominant nor recessive to another in a gene i.e. one allele is not phenotypically expressed over the other. Hence, both alleles are simultaneously expressed in their heterozygous state.
An example of codominance is the roan coat color in horses where the colored (B) and white (W) alleles are both dominant in the coat color gene, hence, the horse expresses both black and white coat phenotypes known as ROAN (BW). The black and white alleles are said to be CODOMINANT.
The roan coat color in horses is the example of codominance.
• The phenomenon in genetics in which neither of the allele masks the expression of the other allele is known as codominance.
• In this neither the dominant nor the recessive allele exhibit its dominance.
• It is a kind of inheritance in which the alleles of the pair of gene in a heterozygote are expressed fully.
• For example, in horse, roan coat color, is a pattern featured by an even mixture of white and colored hairs on the body.
• It is an even mixture of pigmented and white hairs that do not fade or gray out with age of the horse.
• Therefore, it exhibits the phenomenon of codominance as neither of the color of the coat masks the expression of the other, both are demonstrating their trait in the form of a mixture.
Thus, roan coat color in horses is an example of codominance.
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23.
If you have a density of 2.5 g/mL and a mass of 5 g, what is the volume?
2 ml
2 cm³
Explanation:d = m/V => V = m/d
V = 5g/2.5g/ml
= 2 ml
= 2 cm³
Which step of the Scientific Method is most important? Explain.
Answer:
Problem, Purpose, or Research Question
Explanation:
The problem or research question is the single most important part of the scientific method. Every part of your project is done to answer this question.
niche
2
What is used to represent the direction of energy transfer in a food chain/web?
(1 Point)
lines
circles
arrows
nothing
Answer:
arrows
explanation:
Pioneering work in the field of genetics began prior to the 20th century. However, much of the early work relied only upon simple observation
Select the genetics concepts below that were discovered before the year 1900.
a. preservation of beneficial traits
b. the location of genes on chromosomes
c. calculation of Mendelian inheritance
d. the molecular structure of DNA
Answer:
The Genetics Concepts Below That Were Discovered Before The Year 1900 Preservation Of Beneficial Traits The Location Of Genes On Chromosomes Calculation Of Pioneering work in the field of genetics began prior to the 20th century.
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three (3) advantages of using a resource person in handling the First Aid lesson.
Answer:
Three advantages using a resource person in handling the First Aid lesson.
1. A resource person has expertise and adequate knowledge on First Aid and will be able to deliver.
2. A resource person can properly address questions arising from the First Aid Lesson.
3. Due to the experience of the resource person, he can give further practical issues on First Aid Lesson.
Explanation:
A resource person is an expert who is knowledge in particular field and contributes information and opinions to participants in a learning situation.
Such resource person will reveal challenges, successes, and frustrations associated with that particular field.
The 3 basic advantages of using the resource :
They must have adequate knowledge of first Aid and will be able to deliver.They can address questions arising.Must have experience and can give further practical issues on First Aid Lesson.What is a resource person?A resource person is a person that is well apt with the knowledge of the first and medical aid. He is able to deliver medical aid on time and can easily answer any question related to the medical aid.
They must possess the right set of ideas and must even have practice experience in handling the medical resources.
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Which of the following about the copperhead snake is true?
a. The copperhead snake is one of six venomous species in North America.
b. Copperhead snakes average 4.5 feet in length.
C. Copperhead snakes are not camouflaged.
d. Copperhead snakes detect heat given off by potential prey.
Answer:
d. Copperhead snakes detect heat given off by potential prey.
Explanation:
Ecologists investigating long-term changes in a forest near an industrial center find decreased biodiversity among species, along with decreased growth and reproductive health. Which air pollutant would the ecologists most likely suspect is responsible
Answer:
particulate matter
Explanation:
The most likely pollutant that is capable of causing a decrease in a forest's biodiversity, as well as decreased growth and reproductive health of individual plants within the forest, would be particulate matters.
Particulate matters in the atmosphere generally get deposited on the organs of plants such as leaves, stems, and flowers. When this happens, they block the various openings of the organs such as stomata, lenticels, and hydathodes.
The blockage of these openings results in several physiological processes such as photosynthesis and gaseous exchange being negatively affected leading to decreased growth, reproductive health, or sometimes, outright death of plants.
The death of many individual plants in a forest eventually leads to a decrease in the diversity of the forest.
Answer:
Lead
Explanation:
...