Telomerase enzyme is a gamete producing cell include that compensates for replication associated shortening.
Telomerase is the enzyme in charge of guanine-rich repeating sequences being added in order to maintain the length of telomeres. In gametes, stem cells, and tumor cells, telomerase activity is present. Senescence occurs roughly 50–70 cell divisions after senescence, and the potential for proliferation in human somatic cells is severely constrained. On the other hand, the potential for reproduction is generally infinite in tumour cells. The essential function of the mechanism for maintaining telomere length with the participation of telomerase in this process is still not well understood. Without a doubt, DNA polymerase is unable to fully replicate DNA at the very ends of chromosomes; as a result, about 50 nucleotides are lost throughout each cell cycle, leading to a steady shortening of the telomere length. Senescence, the crisis that follows, and cell death are all brought on by critically short telomeres. The machinery for maintaining telomere length is however triggered in tumour cells. Along with catalytic telomere elongation, independent telomerase actions may also be important for controlling the cell cycle. Limiting the capacity for tumour cell replication will be made possible by inhibiting telomerase's catalytic activity and, as a result, ceasing telomere length maintenance. On the other hand, telomerase activation and telomere elongation can be employed to reverse degenerative alterations by causing the development of a momentarily active enzyme by its intracellular activation or as a result of stimulating the production of telomerase components.
To know more about Telomerase click here:
https://brainly.com/question/13686049
#SPJ4
a specialized part of a cell which has a specific location is called ?
Answer: Some of these parts, called organelles, are specialized structures that perform certain tasks within the cell.
Explanation:
a scientist wants to perform an analysis on a segment of dna. which of these would a pcr most help the scientist to do?
Answer: Determine where on the chromosome the segment is located.
Explanation:
how would you classify the cyanobacteria from greenlake in terms of their carbon and energy sources?
The cyanobacteria which are present in the Greenlake in can be classified as photoautotrophs according to their energy and carbon sources.
The correct option is option b.
Cyanobacteria which are also known as Cyanophyta, are basically a phylum consisting of gram-negative bacteria which basically obtain energy through photosynthesis. The name cyanobacteria basically refers to their color which is the reason behind the basis of cyanobacteria's common name, that is, blue-green algae.
Since the cyanobacteria that grow in Greenlake are photosynthetic nitrogen fixing bacteria which bloom during summer we can say that they can be classified as photoautotrophs. Photoautotrophs are basically those organisms which use inorganic carbon as well as light energy to produce organic materials.
--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is
"Greenlake is a small lake in Seattle, WA that sometimes experiences blooms of cyanobacteria, photosynthetic nitrogen-fixing bacteria that typically grow as filaments. These blooms are especially likely to occur during warm summer weather and result in the production of large quantities of biomass that then dies off and decomposes, leading to unpleasant odors. In addition to the aesthetic problems, some strains make toxins that can be dangerous to ingest, leading to the closing of the lake. Treatment of the water with alum (aluminum sulfate) to remove phosphorus from the water has helped to limit growth of cyanobacteria. How would you classify the cyanobacteria from greenlake in terms of their carbon and energy sources?
a. Photoheterotroph
b. Photoautotroph
c. Chemolithoautotroph
d. Chemoorganoautotroph"--
To know more about cyanobacteria here
https://brainly.com/question/11641662
#SPJ4
Which process changes metamorphic rock into sedimentary rock?
Deposition and Burial
Weathering and Erosion
Compaction and Cementation
Solidification
Melting
Heat and Pressure
Answer and Explanation: The three processes that transform metamorphic and sedimentary rock into sediment are weathering, erosion, and dissolution. These three processes are quite similar in the fact that they break down all types of rocks into sediment.
1. In tomato plants, the allele for red fruit color (R) is dominant to the allele for yellow fruit color (D.
The allele for round-shaped fruit (F) is dominant to the allele for pear-shaped fruit (P).
Two tomato plants, heterozygous for fruit color and fruit shape, are crossed. Complete the Punnett Square for this dihybrid cross below and answer the questions.
A. Considering only fruit color, determine the ratio of offspring with red fruit to offspring with yellow fruit predicted by Punnett square.
B. Considering only fruit shape, determine the ratio of offspring with round-shaped fruit to offspring with pear-shaped fruit predicted by Punnett Square.
C. Explain what is meant by independent assortment and describe one way in which your answers to Parts A, B, and C support the conclusion that the genes for fruit color and fruit shape sort independently.
The 9:3:3:1 is phenotypic ratio
What does the independent assortment law entail?
According to Mendel's law of independent assortment, the alleles of two or more distinct genes are independently selected into gametes. In other words, an allele for one gene does not affect the allele for another gene that a gamete acquires.
The answer reveals a thorough comprehension of how inheritance patterns in dihybrid crossings can be used to examine Mendel's law of independent assortment. It covers all potential phenotypes, calculates the ratios for fruit color and fruit shape, defines independent assortment precisely, shows how the results support independent assortment of the fruit color and fruit shape genes, and outlines one possible interpretation of the results.
To learn more about dihybrid crossings use link below:
https://brainly.in/question/1051363
#SPJ1
What system of membranes enclose the brain and spinal cord?
The system of membrane which perform the function of enclosing the brain and the spinal cord are known as the meninges.
The meninges are basically the three layers of protective tissue which are the dura mater, arachnoid mater, and the pia mater that surround the neuraxis and are found in mammals. The meninges of the brain as well as the spinal cord are continuous and are linked through the magnum foramen.
The cerebrospinal fluid is basically located in the subarachnoid space which is present between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater. The key function of the meninges is to be able to protect the central nervous system from injuries. Injuries which involve the meninges, can result in a hemorrhage and even two types of hematoma.
To know more about meninges here
https://brainly.com/question/7001959
#SPJ4
john and wayne have the same exact genes. this indicates they must be question 45 options: dizygotic twins. co-dominant monozygotic twins. heterogenous.
John and Wayne have the same exact genes. This indicates monozygotic twins.
Monozygotic twins result from the fertilization of a single egg with a single sperm and then the fertilized egg splits into two. As they originate from the same egg and same sperm they share the same set of genes. They have almost the same DNA content, they may not be 100%identical. This occurs due to the post-zygotic changes in the DNA and epigenetic effects that might influence overall gene expression. A rare form of monozygotic twins is semi-zygotic or half twins, which occurs when two different sperms fertilize the same egg. Monozygotic twins share the same genes, so they can either be 2 girls or 2 boys, but never 1 boy and 1 girl.
For further learning about monozygotic twins, refer to the link:
https://brainly.com/question/5388901
#SPJ4
the series of membranous channels that surround each myofibril is the
Widespread deforestation in Brazilian rainforests has resulted in small, isolated patches of palm trees and the loss of birds that eat the seeds of the palm trees. Studies are showing that the seed size of the trees is decreasing after birds have left the area. The table shows the expected change in seed size after birds disappeared from the area.
Which statement ,begin emphasis,best,end emphasis, explains why the seed size is changing?
Trees in patches with smaller seeds produce more seeds , resulting in more smaller seed germinating per generation. The correct option is C.
What is natural selection?The process through which populations of living things adapt and change is known as natural selection.
A population's members are naturally varied, which means that they are all distinctive in some ways. This variety indicates that some people have characteristics that are more environment-appropriate than others.
Small, isolated patches of palm trees and the disappearance of birds that consume palm tree seeds are effects of extensive deforestation in Brazilian rainforests.
More smaller seeds are produced by trees in patches with smaller seeds, which leads to more smaller seeds germination per generation.
Thus, the correct option is C.
For more details regarding natural selection, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/2725702
#SPJ1
Explain why enzymes have an optimum pH
Enzymes have an optimum pH because their structure and activity can be affected by changes in the acidity or basicity of their environment.
Enzymes have an optimum pH because their structure and activity can be affected by changes in the acidity or basicity of their environment. At a given pH, the active site of an enzyme has an optimal balance of charged and uncharged amino acid residues that can efficiently bind substrates and catalyze reactions. Outside the optimum pH, changes in the charge of the active site and/or other parts of the enzyme can change its shape and reduce or even inhibit its activity. is a biomolecule that catalyzes They have an optimum pH because their structure and function are affected by changes in environmental acidity.
At optimal pH, the active site of an enzyme has the right balance of charged and uncharged amino acid residues, allowing it to bind substrate and efficiently catalyze the reaction. If the pH is too acidic or too basic, the morphology of the enzyme may change and its activity may be reduced or completely terminated, making it less efficient at catalyzing reactions. Therefore, enzymes have a specific pH range where they work best, called the pH optimum.
To learn more about enzymes, refer:
https://brainly.com/question/13397825
what surrounds the cell membrane of most bacteria and provides structure and protection?
Answer:
Cell Wall - Each bacterium is enclosed by a rigid cell wall composed of peptidoglycan, a protein-sugar (polysaccharide) molecule. The wall gives the cell its shape and surrounds the cytoplasmic membrane, protecting it from the environment.
Explanation:
The following activities and body conditions affect blood pressure by changing one of the two listed factors.a. blood volume- blood donation; excessive sweatingb. total peripheral resistance- high-altitude living, growth, smoking, increased sympathetic activity
Yes, these activities and body conditions affect blood pressure by changing either the blood volume or total peripheral resistance.
What is peripheral resistance?Peripheral resistance is the resistance to blood flow in the blood vessels that make up the circulatory system outside of the heart. This is usually caused by the blood vessel walls narrowing due to arteriosclerosis or other factors such as the thickness of the vessel walls. It can also be caused by increased blood pressure or an increase in the viscosity of the blood. Peripheral resistance can affect the rate of blood flow and cause problems such as hypertension. This can lead to complications such as stroke and heart attack. Treatments for peripheral resistance can include lifestyle changes such as exercise and diet, as well as medications and surgeries.
To learn more about peripheral resistance
https://brainly.com/question/15892480
#SPJ4
which is not a way molecules and ions can pass through a plasma membrane?
Exoendocytosis is not a way molecules and ions can pass through a plasma membrane.
What is Endocytosis?This is referred to as a cellular process in which substances are brought into the cell and it involves the use of mechanisms such as pinocytosis and phagocytosis.
Exocytosis is the form of active transport and bulk transport in which a cell transports molecules out of the cell and both processes move materials into or out of the cell that are too large to directly pass. However exoendocytosis isn't a type of method involved in the transportation of materials and is the reason why it was chosen as the correct choice.
Read more about Endocytosis here https://brainly.com/question/5160499
#SPJ1
it is possible for a new mutation to become fixed (reach a frequency of 100%) in a population even if it confers no evolutionary advantage. group of answer choices true
It is true that it is possible for a new mutation to become fixed (reach a frequency of 100%) in a population even if it confers no evolutionary advantage.
The correct option is True.
What are mutations?Mutations are changes that occur in the sequence of the DNA of a gene which may be transferred from parent to offspring.
Also, some mutations may have no effect on organisms, while some other mutations, can offer an evolutionary advantage to the organism by making them more adapted to its environment,
However, some other mutations that occur in organisms produce disease and death in the organisms affected.
Learn more about mutations at: https://brainly.com/question/23030726
#SPJ1
Balance the following equations
Answer:
Steps for balancing a chemical equation :
Write the chemical equation for the reaction.Count the number of atoms of each element present on the reactant and product side.Adjust the coefficients of the equation such that the number of atoms of each element is equal on both sides.Check the equation to ensure that it is now balanced.Double check your work to make sure the equation is balanced and correct.Please see the attached picture! Hope this helps! Enjoy Learning<3
studies conducted in the west indies supported what prediction of the equilibrium model of island biogeography?
According to the equilibrium model of island biogeography, a balance between immigration and extinction determines the species richness on an island. This hypothesis has been backed by studies done in the West Indies, which demonstrate that the rate of extinction and immigration control the number of species on an island.
What is an equilibrium model?Robert MacArthur and E.O. Wilson originally put out the equilibrium model of island biogeography in 1967. It claims that the equilibrium between immigration and extinction determines the number of species on an island. Migration of species to an island is referred to as immigration, whereas local extinction is referred to as extinction.
This hypothesis has been backed by studies done in the West Indies, which demonstrate that the rate of extinction and immigration control the number of species on an island. For instance, due to the inflow of new species, islands that get more immigrants typically have higher species variety. Moreover, islands with greater rates of extinction tend to have less variety in their species. This is because of the loss of existing species.
Some islands have a higher species diversity than others, which is explained by the balance between immigration and extinction. As a result of their adaptation to the unique environment of each individual island, it also helps to explain why species in the West Indies tend to be more specialized. The equilibrium model of island biogeography, which also explains why some islands remain isolated because they don't receive enough immigrants or lose too many species to extinction, helps to explain why certain islands remain isolated.
To know more about equilibrium model, visit
brainly.com/question/29889480
#SPJ1
what types of interactions can the polar compound have with the interior of this passage way (channel protein)?
Polar compound have hydrophilic, aquaporins, interactions with the interior of this passage way.
Polar compound happen when two iotas don't share electrons similarly in a covalent bond. A dipole structures, with a piece of the particle conveying a slight positive charge and the other part conveying a slight negative charge. This happens when there is a contrast between the electronegativity upsides of every iota. An outrageous contrast shapes an ionic bond, while a lesser distinction frames a polar covalent bond.
Luckily, you can look into electronegativity on a table to foresee whether particles are probably going to frame polar covalent bonds. On the off chance that the electronegativity distinction between the two molecules is somewhere in the range of 0.5 and 2.0, the iotas structure a polar covalent bond. In the event that the electronegativity distinction between the molecules is more prominent than 2.0, the bond is ionic. Ionic mixtures are very polar particles.
Channels are extremely particular and will acknowledge just a single kind of particle (or a couple of firmly related atoms) for transport. Section through a channel protein permits polar and charged mixtures to stay away from the hydrophobic center of the plasma film, which would somehow sluggish or block their entrance into the cell.
To know more about polar compound, visit here:
https://brainly.com/question/11009049
#SPJ4
which geographical feature dominates the northern third of the continent of africa? responses desert desert grasslands grasslands savanna savanna rain forest
The geographical feature that dominates the northern third of the continent of Africa is the desert.
What is environment?Environmental science is an interdisciplinary academic area that studies the environment and solves environmental problems by combining physics, biology, and geography. During the Enlightenment, environmental science arose from the sciences of natural history and medicine. The environment is everything around us. It might be either living or nonliving stuff. Physical, chemical, and other natural forces are included. Living creatures exist in their surroundings. They are continually interacting with it and adapting to their surroundings.
Here,
The Sahara Desert, the world's largest hot desert, covers a large portion of northern Africa. It extends over several countries, including Algeria, Chad, Egypt, Libya, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Western Sahara, and Tunisia. The Sahara Desert is known for its extremely dry and arid conditions, with high temperatures, limited rainfall, and vast areas of sand dunes and rocky landscapes.
The desert is the geographical characteristic that dominates the northern third of Africa.
To know more about environment,
https://brainly.com/question/29885760
#SPJ4
The largest quantities of keratin are found in the epidermal layer called the stratumA. granulosum.B. basale.C. lucidum.D. spinosum.E. corneum.
The largest quantities of keratin are found in the epidermal layer called the stratum corneum.
The epidermis' outermost layer, the stratum corneum, is made up of a thick layer of keratin-filled dead cells. It serves as a barrier to keep underlying tissue safe from harm and infection. The skin's strength and shape are also maintained with the aid of keratin.
The outer layer of skin, hair, and nails is made up of a protein called keratin. It aids in keeping the skin healthy and protected. Keratin treatments may occasionally be used to treat skin cancer, especially Basal Cell Carcinoma. In keratin treatments, the afflicted skin area is treated topically with a keratin-containing solution. This can aid in the promotion of healing and slow the growth of cancer cells.
For more information on keratin click on
https://brainly.com/question/6748658
#SPJ4
did the frequency of the bb individuals decrease with successive generations? explain why or why not.
In general, the frequency of a particular trait or allele (such as the "bb" allele) in a population can change over time as a result of various evolutionary processes, including natural selection, genetic drift, and mutation.
What is genes?The study of genes, genetic diversity, and heredity in organisms is known as genetics. It is a significant field of biology since heredity is essential to the evolution of organisms. Gregor Mendel, a Moravian Augustinian monk working in Brno in the nineteenth century, was the first to do scientific research on genetics. The fundamental unit of inheritance passed down from parent to kid. Genes are made up of DNA sequences that are ordered one after the other in the nucleus of cells at specified positions on chromosomes.
Here,
It depends on the specific scenario you are referring to. Without more context, I cannot provide a specific answer to whether the frequency of the "bb" individuals decreased with successive generations. For example, if the "bb" individuals have a disadvantage compared to the "Bb" or "BB" individuals in terms of survival or reproduction, the frequency of the "bb" individuals may decrease over time as a result of natural selection.
On the other hand, if the "bb" individuals are neutral or have an advantage, the frequency may increase.
To know more about genes,
https://brainly.com/question/29637869
#SPJ4
1. The untied states is the only country that uses more water for industry this agriculture
True or false
2. Where does water made potable from water treatment plants come from ?
A. Lakes and rivers, B. Revervoirs, C. aquifers, D. all of the above
3. Which of the following is most likely to cause conflict between two countries that share a river?
A. The upstream country begins to pump extra water from their aquifers for increased irrigation efforts.
B. The upstream country builds increasing numbers of unlined landfills right near the river.
C. The downstream country sees an increase in industries dumping wastewater into the river.
D. Farms utilize pesticides that get washed into the river near the delta where the river empties into the ocean.
Potable water is water that is safe for human consumption. It refers to water that has been treated and disinfected to meet certain quality standards set by the government to ensure that it is free of harmful contaminants, such as bacteria, viruses, chemicals, and minerals.
The term "potable" is derived from the Latin word "potare," which means "to drink."
Potable water must meet certain standards for safety and quality, including being free from harmful levels of contaminants, bacteria, viruses, and chemicals.
In many areas, potable water is supplied by a public water system that is regulated by local or national authorities, but it can also come from private wells or other sources
Learn about portable water here https://brainly.com/question/11854933
#SPJ1
1. which organelle may be shaped like a sausage, includes an inner folded membrane, and performs important roles in cellular respiration? . 2. which organelle contains ribosomes and serves as the site of protein synthesis?
1. The rod- and sausage-shaped organelles called mitochondria are found inside of cells.2.The job of the endoplasmic reticulum, which can be either smooth or rough, typically to make proteins the rest of the cell .
Which organelle has the potential to resemble a sausage?The power-generating organelles called mitochondria, which are found in almost all living cells and have the appearance of a sausage, have just been shown for the first time how they constantly divide and multiply.
What components make up endoplasmic reticulum?The nuclear envelope as well as the periphery ER, which has smooth tubules or rough sheets, make up the ER. The various components that make up the ER conduct a wide variety of highly specialized tasks within the cell, despite the fact that it is classified as just an interconnected with such a continuous membrane.
To know more about mitochondria visit:
https://brainly.com/question/29763308
#SPJ4
You are using a machine and your input force is 600 N and the output force is 1800 N. What is the mechanical advantage of this machine?
Mechanical Advantage-Output Force/Input Force
10
0000
18
The mechanical advantage of the machine would be 3.
What is the mechanical advantage?The mechanical advantage of a machine is the ratio of the force output of a machine to the input force. This can be mathematically expressed as:
Mechanical Advantage (MA) = force output/force input
In this case, force output = 1800 N, force input = 600 N
MA of the machine = 1800/600 = 3
In other words, the mechanical advantage of the machine is 3. Any force input for the machine is multiplied by 3 and produced as output.
More on the mechanical advantage of machines can be found here: https://brainly.com/question/6968974
#SPJ1
Binomial nomenclature is the term used by scientists to identify what portion of the universal classification system?
Binomial nomenclature is the system of naming species of living organisms using two Latinized names, the first name indicating the genus and the second indicating the species.
Binomial nomenclature is a crucial component of biological classification and taxonomy. It was introduced by the Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus in the 18th century and has since become widely adopted by the scientific community. The use of two Latinized names to name a species helps to ensure consistency and accuracy in the naming of species.
The first name, the genus, is always capitalized and refers to a group of closely related speciesThe second name, the species, is not capitalized and refers to the specific organism being named.Important points:
Binomial nomenclature is a system of naming species using two Latinized names.The first name indicates the genus, the second indicates the species.Introduced by Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus in the 18th century.Widely adopted by the scientific community to ensure consistency and accuracy in naming species.Helps eliminate confusion and misunderstandings, making it easier to communicate and exchange information.Provides a historical record of the naming of species over time.Learn more about binomial nomenclature here:
https://brainly.com/question/1579278
#SPJ4
Which hormones target the gonads?
Which of the following did not increase in industrial societies?
Answer:
Explanation:
Without more context or options, it is difficult to provide a specific answer. However, some things that may not have increased in industrial societies include traditional forms of agriculture and manual labor as these were often replaced by machinery and technology. Additionally, depending on the specific society, certain forms of art, culture, and social norms may have been impacted or changed by industrialization.
the external reproductive structure of an insect male is called?
The external reproductive structure or an insect male is known as: Aedeagus.
Reproductive structures are the part of the reproductive system that are involved in the process of reproduction. These structures perform functions like synthesis of gametes, hormones and the processes required for reproduction to be accomplished.
Aedeagus is the organ in Arthropods that secrete male gametes (sperm). It is present at the hindmost abdominal segment of the body. Some species of insects have a spiny aedeagus. The aedeagus further is subdivided into three sections: phallobase, theca, and endosoma. A pair of testes are connected to the aedeagus through the genital ducts in the insects.
To know more about reproductive structures, here
brainly.com/question/10342707
#SPJ4
What characterizes the rates of photosynthesis and transport in a plant on a dry cloudy day?
a) Both the photosynthesis and transpiration rates are high.
b) The photosynthesis rate is low and stomata are open.
c) The photosynthesis rate is high and phloem transport rates are low.
d) Both the photosynthesis and transpiration rates are low.
Answer:
No the answer is I don't know if you have any questions or concerns please visit the intended recipient
failure of the heart, the liver, or the kidneys can lead to edema. in each case, peripheral edema is a sign of .
Peripheral edema, or the buildup of extra fluid in the tissues, may signal the failure of the heart, liver, or kidneys, among other organs.
Peripheral edema can be brought on by the buildup of fluid in the legs, ankles, and feet that happens when a person suffers heart failure. Edema, pain, and a decrease in heart health might result from this.
Peripheral edema can develop in cases of liver failure because the liver is unable to digest and eliminate extra fluid from the body. The ankles, legs, and abdomen may enlarge as a result of the liver condition getting worse.
Learn more about Peripheral edema:
https://brainly.com/question/30358951
#SPJ4
how would you describe the relationship between flowering plants such as a fig tree and pollinating insects such as fig wasps?
The relationship between flowering plants such as a fig tree and pollinating insects such as fig wasps is an example of mutualism, where both species benefit from the interaction.
In this relationship, the fig tree relies on the fig wasp to pollinate its flowers, as the flowers of the fig tree are not accessible to other pollinators and are only receptive to the fig wasp. The fig wasp, in turn, relies on the fig tree for food and a place to lay its eggs.
The female fig wasp enters the fig through a small opening and lays her eggs inside. As she does so, she also pollinates the flowers, allowing the fig tree to produce seeds. The fig wasp larvae then feed on the fig's reproductive structures, completing their life cycle inside the fig.
When the fig wasp larvae are ready to pupate, they create small exit holes in the fig, allowing the next generation of fig wasps to emerge and continue the cycle.
This mutualistic relationship benefits both the fig tree and the fig wasp, as the fig tree is able to produce seeds and the fig wasp is able to complete its life cycle. This type of interaction between plants and insects is a common example of pollination, where the two species have evolved to work together in order to ensure their survival.
To know more about fig wasp here
https://brainly.com/question/12648124
#SPJ4