Traits of the cow arose by c)Artificial selection resulted in changes in the lineage which leads to domestic cows because humans wanted animals with high milk output and high muscle content. So, correct option is c.
Well before Darwin and Wallace, individuals were utilizing determination to change the elements of plants and creatures. Ranchers and raisers permitted just the plants and animals with beneficial attributes to duplicate, causing the advancement of homestead stock. This cycle is called counterfeit determination since individuals (rather than nature) select which living beings get to reproduce. Artificial selection is the ID by people of beneficial attributes in plants and creatures, and the means taken to upgrade and sustain those qualities in people in the future.
Artificial selection works the same way as normal choice, then again, actually with regular determination it is nature, not human impedance, that makes these decisions. Artificial selection has for some time been utilized in agribusiness to create creatures and harvests with helpful attributes. The meats sold today are the aftereffect of the specific reproducing of chickens, steers, sheep, and pigs.
Hence,correct option is b.
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(Complete question) is:
The cow Bos primigenius (which is farmed for meat and milk) has a smaller brain and larger eyes than closely related species of wild ungulates. Which of the following statements best describes the process that led to differences between domesticated/farmed cows and their wild relatives?
a) Natural selection resulted in changes in the wild species because humans preyed upon them.
b) Natural selection resulted in changes in the lineage leading to domesticated cows because humans provided food for their cows.
c) Artificial selection resulted in changes in the lineage which lead to domestic cows because humans wanted animals with high milk output and high muscle content.
d) Artificial selection resulted in changes in the lineage leading to domesticated cows because humans wanted animals that would see predators and escape from them.
Do hiberations and camouflage
have low or high precipitation
When hibernating, an animal's metabolism slows significantly: its heartbeat slows, it breathes more slowly (some animals even stop breathing for periods of over an hour) and its body temperature drops—in some extreme cases to below freezing point of water (zero degrees Celsius)
Behavioral adaptation: something an animal does usually in response to some type of the external stimulus in order to survive. Hibernating during winter is an example of behavioral adaptation
Camouflage in animals can be reckoned as structural adaptation as it allows it some changes in its external body to survive better in environment around them. It helps them not to get detected by their predators and also as an aid in their hunting for prey.
Hibernation is response to the cold weather and reduced food availability. Most animals that hibernate are quite small and, as weather gets colder, they reach the point where they simply can't eat enough food to sustain their body temperature.
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Macmillan Learning
Identify the parts of a eudicot seed on the diagram.
endosperm
epicotyl
hypocotyl
radicle
cotyledon
All of these are the typical parts of a eudicot seed and may vary in different species.
What are the parts of eudicot seed ?Following are the parts of an eudicot seed:
Endosperm: The endosperm is a starchy tissue that serves as a food source for the developing plant embryo.Epicotyl: The epicotyl is the upper part of the embryonic stem that will become the shoot system of the plant.Hypocotyl: The hypocotyl is the lower part of the embryonic stem that will become the root system of the plant.Radicle: The radicle is the embryonic root that will become the primary root of the plant.Cotyledon: The cotyledons are the embryonic leaves that will provide the developing plant with food until it is able to produce its own through photosynthesis.Learn more about eudicot seed, here:
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A plant with variegated (two-colored) leaves was left in sunlight for several hours. Pieces of one of its leaves were then detached (removed) and tested for starch. The diagram below shows the results. Explain, as fully as you can, why the yellow region of the leaf had not produced starch.
The yellow region of the leaf as shown in the diagram had not produced starch because it does not contain chlorophyll pigment which is responsible for photosynthesis.
What is Photosynthesis?Photosynthesis is a process which is used by plants and other living organisms to convert light energy or sunlight into chemical energy in the form of chemical bonds present in carbohydrates (glucose) produced through it, through the process of cellular respiration, these carbohydrates can later be released to fuel the organism's activities with ATP (energy).
The variegated or the yellow part of the leaf of the plant as shown in the diagram does not contain chlorophyll pigment which is used to perform the process of photosynthesis in plants. Absence of chlorophyll pigment and photosynthesis in that region of the plant prevents the formation of starch in the yellow region of the plant.
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which of the following anemias is correctly matched with its description? which of the following anemias is correctly matched with its description? hemolytic anemia: results from inadequate iron intake hemorrhagic anemia: results from red blood cells rupturing pernicious anemia: results from a vitamin b12 deficiency
The Rupturing Pernicious anaemia, which is caused by a vitamin B12 insufficiency, is a symptom of the autoimmune complaint nocuous anaemia( PA).Thus, this statement is correct among all the other statements.
It's a sneaky, under diagnosed condition with several different presenting types, the maturity of which are nonspecific symptoms.
When you do not have enough red blood cells or your red blood cells are not performing duly, you have anaemia. Our body receives oxygen from the red blood cells. Your cells are given energy by oxygen. Your body can not gain the energy it needs to serve if it does not have healthy red blood cells that do their job. While some forms of anaemia are minor and flash, others might be lifelong. Anemia could be fatal if left undressed.
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which of the following plant hormones is associated with the closure of stomata in a plant under water stress? question 3 options: abscisic acid auxin cytokinin ethylene
Abscisic acid (ABA) is the plant hormone linked to a plant's stomata closing when it experiences water stress.
A number of plant responses to environmental stress, such as drought stress, require abscisic acid. By blocking the stomata, which are tiny pores on the surface of leaves that allow for gas exchange between the plant and the atmosphere, ABA is produced during times of water stress and works to prevent water loss. The plant is able to preserve water and stop excessive transpiration, or water loss through the stomata, by closing the stomata. Auxin, on the other hand, plays a role in the growth and development of plants, including the lengthening of stems and the start of roots. Cell division is aided by cytokinin, which also aids in controlling growth and development. A hormone called ethylene regulates a number of plant activities, including fruit ripening and the plant's reaction to stress and injury. Under drought conditions, the concentration of ABA in leaves multiplies many times. Its buildup in plants encourages stomata closure and stops water loss through transpiration. By promoting stomatal closure, ABA is needed in drought-like circumstances to restore the turgor pressure.
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what test should be used to specifically identify the strain of bacteria or pathogen affecting the animal?
To properly identify the bacterial or viral infection infecting the animal, a culture test should be used.
Describe the culture test.Finding germs that can cause an infection, such as bacteria or fungi, requires a test called a culture. A sensitivity test determines the type of medication, such as an antibiotic, that will work the best to treat the illness or infection. An element that encourages the growth of germs is added to a sample of bodily fluid or tissue for culture.
The culture is unfavorable if no bacteria develop. The culture is positive if pathogenic microbes develop. A microscope or chemical tests can be used to determine the type of germ. Other sorts of organisms, including fungi, can take longer to develop in culture than bacteria, which typically do it in two days.
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true/false: competitive inhibition binds to a remote area on the enzyme and changes the conformation of the substrate-binding pocket while allosteric inhibition binds directly to the active site and prevents any other molecules from binding.
False. Cutthroat hindrance ties straightforwardly to the dynamic site of a chemical and rivals the substrate for restricting, consequently keeping the substrate from framing a complex with the catalyst.
This kind of restraint brings about an adjustment of the substrate-restricting pocket, and hence, the conformity of the protein.
Allosteric restraint, then again, doesn't tie to the dynamic site, yet to a distant region on the catalyst, known as the allosteric site. The limiting of the allosteric inhibitor changes the conformity of the compound, prompting a change in the fondness of the substrate-restricting pocket, to such an extent that the substrate is less inclined to tie. Allosteric restraint can likewise influence the movement of different chemicals in a similar metabolic pathway.
Cutthroat hindrance ties straightforwardly to the dynamic site of a chemical and rivals the substrate for restricting, changing the compliance of the substrate-restricting pocket. Allosteric hindrance, then again, ties to a distant region on the protein (allosteric site) and changes its compliance, decreasing the substrate's proclivity for the dynamic site. Allosteric restraint influences the movement of different compounds in a similar metabolic pathway.
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Neurons communicate by releasing chemicals called _________ into a synapse.
Neurotransmitters
A neurotransmitter is a molecule or chemical messenger in the body that transmits signals or messages between neurons from a nerve cell to a target cell.
These target cells can be located in muscles, glands, and other nerves. The nervous system that delivers signals works to control organs, psychological functions, and physical functions.
The neurotransmitter is located in a part of the neuron called the axon terminal. They are stored in a thin sac called synaptic vesicles. Each vesicle can contain the mind of a neurotransmitter molecule.
Once the neurotransmitter gets the message, that molecule must be cleared of the new synaptic (the space between the nerve cell and the next target cell).
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Neurons communicate by releasing chemicals called neurotransmitters into a synapse.
Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that transmit a signal from a neuron across the synapse to a target cell, which can be another neuron, muscle cell, or gland cell. They are like chemical words that function to send 'messages' from one neuron to another.
They play a vital role in communication between the brain and the rest of the body, and are involved in functions such as learning, memory, mood, and sleep.
There are several types of neurotransmitters, such as acetylcholine, dopamine, serotonin, and glutamate. Each of them has its own specific functions and effects on the body.
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how are nutrition and genetics linked? multiple select question. genes determine nutrient requirements. genes influence development of some nutritional diseases. nutrients affect gene expression. nutrition really doesn't have an effect on gene expression.
The nutrition and genetics are linked as: (1) genes determine nutrient requirements; (2) genes influence development of some nutritional diseases; and (3) nutrients affect gene expression.
Nutrition refers to the phenomenon of intake of nutrients through the food. A food product is said to be nutritious if it consists of some beneficial nutrient like vitamins, good fat, right amount of carbohydrates, etc. Nutrients are essential for the body to healthy and active.
Gene expression refers to the process which transforms the information encoded in the DNA into its functional form, i.e., proteins. The gene expression is comprised of three processes: replication, transcription and translation.
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What could happen to the human population if Earth’s resources were completely used up?
Answer:
If Earth's resources were completely used up, the human population could face serious consequences, including food and water shortages, energy crises, and economic instability. In the long term, it could lead to a decline in human numbers and potentially even extinction. Therefore, it is important to manage Earth's resources sustainably, to ensure their availability for future generations.
Answer:
If Earth's resources were completely used up, the consequences for the human population would be severe.
Firstly, the availability of basic necessities such as food, water, and energy would become scarce, leading to widespread famine, thirst, and lack of power. The depletion of resources such as oil, natural gas, and coal would cause the collapse of modern transportation, industry, and communication systems, leading to widespread poverty and social upheaval.
Moreover, without natural resources such as forests, minerals, and fertile soil, the human population would face environmental degradation and loss of habitat. This would lead to a decline in biodiversity and a reduction in the availability of essential ecosystem services, such as pollination and pest control.
In addition, the depletion of resources could lead to conflicts over the remaining resources, with countries, communities, and even individuals vying for control of the dwindling supplies. This could result in war, violence, and mass migration, leading to further instability and suffering for the human population.
In conclusion, if Earth's resources were completely used up, the consequences for the human population would be far-reaching and devastating, with severe impacts on health, security, and well-being.
the enzyme that converts a double-stranded dna region into two single strands by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the strands is called dna
The enzyme that converts a double-stranded DNA region into two single strands by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the strands is called DNA helicase.
DNA helicases are enzymes that unwind double-stranded DNA into two single strands. This process is an important step in many cellular processes, including DNA
ReplicationTranscription Recombination.DNA helicases are part of a larger family of enzymes called helicases, which play a role in a variety of cellular processes involving the unwinding of nucleic acids. DNA helicases work by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the base pairs in the DNA double helix, allowing the two strands to separate. The separation of the two strands creates a replication fork, which is necessary for the replication of DNA.
Additionally, DNA helicases play a role in DNA repair and in the regulation of gene expression by allowing RNA polymerases to access the DNA template. DNA helicases are important targets for the development of drugs for the treatment of genetic disorders and certain types of cancer.
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1. The chemical in tobacco smoke caused the disease called A. Coronary heart disease B. chronic pulmonary disease C. lung disease D. all 2. Which of the following is correct about short sight? A. Caused by short eye ball C. can be corrected by concave lens B. It is weak lens D light is focused behind the retina 3. The fluid that filled the champers of the eye in front of the lens known as? A. Vitreous humor B. tear C. aqueous humor D. sclera the chemicals in the tobacco smoke affect the wall of your arteries. A. Stroke B. coronary heart disease C. lung disease D. cancer is the part of the retina where the cone cells are too concentrated. A. Blind spot B. fovea C. rods D. cones 6. It is the colored part of the eye that controls the amount of light entering the eye. A. Iris B. pupil C. Choroid D. lens 8. Which one of the following is not the part of human eye? A. Lens B. pupil C. pinna D. cornea 9. Which of the following is correct about short sight? A. It is caused by long eye ball B. to use convex lens C. It is weak lens 10. To carry a nerve impulse from the sensory cells of the retia to the brain? A. Auditory nerve B. optic nerve C. suspensory ligament D. ciliary muscle D. to see clearly distance object
Answer:
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Explanation:
Answer:1:D 2:c 3:a 4:B (Heart Disease) 5:B (Fovea) 6:A7:There was no 7 8:C 9:a 10:B
Explanation:
I tried my best
How does ATP store and release energy ?
By transferring a phosphate group to another molecule, ATP is able to fuel cellular operations (a process called phosphorylation).
Certain enzymes are responsible for carrying out this transfer, which connects the cellular processes that need energy to the release of energy from ATP.
When the cell needs energy, ATP can be taken out and utilised to fuel processes or stored for use in later ones. Animals use ATP to retain the energy released during meal digestion. Similar to this, plants use ATP molecules to store the energy they obtain from light during photosynthesis.
The pyrophosphate bond, which is located between ATP's final two phosphate groups, is where this chemical energy is kept. The third phosphate group is broken down by ATP when the cells require energy to carry out any task, releasing a significant quantity of energy that was previously bound in the third and second phosphate group's link.
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Describe the events of each stage of mitosis. Describe and ILLUSTRATE
The four stages of mitosis are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
What is mitosis?Mitosis is the process by which a cell divides its nucleus into two genetically identical daughter nuclei. There are four stages of mitosis: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
Prophase:
During prophase, the chromatin condenses into discrete chromosomes, and the nuclear envelope breaks down. The chromosomes become visible under a microscope and consist of two identical sister chromatids, held together at a region called the centromere. The spindle fibers, composed of microtubules, begin to form at opposite poles of the cell and attach to the centromeres of the chromosomes. The spindle fibers will be responsible for pulling the sister chromatids apart during later stages of mitosis.
Metaphase:
During metaphase, the chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell, called the metaphase plate. The spindle fibers attach to the kinetochores, which are protein structures located at the centromeres of the chromosomes. The spindle fibers exert tension on the chromosomes, pulling them toward the center of the cell until they are aligned at the metaphase plate.
Anaphase:
During anaphase, the spindle fibers shorten, causing the sister chromatids to separate at the centromere and move toward opposite poles of the cell. The spindle fibers not attached to chromosomes elongate, pushing the poles of the cell apart and further separating the chromatids. By the end of anaphase, each pole of the cell has a complete set of chromosomes.
Telophase:
During telophase, the nuclear envelope reforms around each set of chromosomes, creating two nuclei. The chromosomes begin to unwind back into chromatin, and the spindle fibers disassemble. The cell undergoes cytokinesis, the process of physically dividing the cytoplasm into two daughter cells. In animal cells, a contractile ring made of actin filaments forms around the cell, pinching it in two. In plant cells, a new cell wall forms between the two daughter cells.
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what is it called when two viruses of the same type infect an individual at the same time and swap genes?
Viral reassortment occurs when two viruses of the same type infect a person simultaneously and swap genes.
Describe reassortment.Reassortment is the blending of a species' genetic components into novel combinations in various people. Chromosome crossover and reassortment are two of the many processes that contribute to this process. It is especially useful when two viruses that are infecting the same cell and are identical to one another exchange genetic material.
Reassortment is especially common in influenza viruses, which have genomes made up of eight different RNA segments. Every time a flu virus is put together, one copy of each of these segments is needed since they function like mini-chromosomes.
It is feasible that freshly assembled viral particles will be formed from segments whose origin is mixed, coming from one strain and another, if a single host is infected by two separate strains of the influenza virus.
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starch, cellulose, glycogen, and polypeptides are all made from chains of many subunits, or building blocks. what is the name given to a chain composed of many subunits?
Starch, cellulose, glycogen, and polypeptides are all made from chains of many subunits, Polymer is the name given to a chain with multiple subunits.
Any group of natural or synthetic substances known as polymers is made up of very large molecules called macromolecules, which are multiples of monomers, which are simpler chemical units. Numerous minerals and man-made materials are based on polymers, which are the basis of many living materials.
Polyester, Teflon, epoxy, nylon, and polyethylene are all examples of synthetic polymers. Natural polymers can be extracted from nature. They frequently contain water. Silk, wool, DNA, cellulose, and proteins are a few examples of naturally occurring polymers.
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what is the main cause of cancer? question 7 options: a) exposure to carcinogens in the environment b) old age, during which the cells of the body no longer work properly c) dna replication no longer working properly d) we do not currently know the main cause of cancer.
We do not know what the primary cause of cancer is at this time. Here option D is the correct answer.
Cancer is a complex disease that can result from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. While exposure to carcinogens in the environment and the aging process can contribute to the development of cancer, it is not accurate to say that these factors are the main cause of cancer.
DNA replication is a crucial process that occurs in all cells, and when it no longer works properly, it can lead to the development of cancer. However, it is also not accurate to say that DNA replication no longer working properly is the main cause of cancer.
There is still much that is not understood about the causes of cancer, and scientists and medical researchers are actively working to uncover the underlying mechanisms that lead to this disease. While there are known risk factors, such as exposure to carcinogens and aging, it is not possible to identify a single main cause of cancer.
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g as a result of a mutation that disrupts the nuclear localization signal of a protein, the protein will now ... a: be translocated into the er b: be ubiquitinated and degraded c: be remained in the cytoplasm d: be exported into extracellular matrix (ecm) e: be stuck in the nuclear pore
The correct answer is Option C: be remained in the cytoplasm. If a mutation disrupts the nuclear localization signal of a protein, the protein will not be able to enter the nucleus, so it will remain in the cytoplasm.
When a mutation disrupts the nuclear localization signal of a protein, the protein will not be able to enter the nucleus, so it will remain in the cytoplasm. This is because nuclear localization signals are responsible for directing proteins to the nucleus, and without them, the proteins will be unable to enter the nucleus. By remaining in the cytoplasm, these proteins may be able to interact with other proteins or molecules and perform their normal functions.
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Select the true statement about human population growth.
O Global population has been relatively high throughout history.
Plague and famine caused a decrease in population between 1 AD and
1350.
O In 2012, there were 7.5 billion people on Earth.
The world population doubled in the 40 years between 1959 and 1999.
Answer:
(C) - In 2012, there were 7.5 billion people on Earth.
The world population doubled in the 40 years between 1959 and 1999.
Explanation:
The rise in population can be attributed to a decrease in death rates and an increase in life expectancy. The world's population saw its quickest increase in growth between 1959 and 1999.
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give a scientific reason for the following (in) the presence of a large central vacuole in a plant cell
Answer: To store food and water: They are equipped with a large vacuole in comparison to animal cells since the plants are immobile to gin nutrition from surrounding and they need to store as much food they can(an evolutionary feature to support survival).
Explanation:
the delicate neural structures in the brain are protected by . group of answer choices the ventricles the corpus callosum the three-layered meninges myelin
Meninges cover the brain and spinal cord in three layers. The thin inner layer is called the pia mater.
What protects the delicate, exposed brain?The three thin membranes known as the meninges that cover the skull and its three bones provide protection for the brain. The brain is additionally protected and cushioned by cerebrospinal fluid.
What physical feature protects the brain?The brain is located inside the skull, a bony covering. The brain is protected by the skull. The skull is the collective name for the bones that support the face, including the cranium. The three-layered meninges, which are located between the skull and the brain, cover and shield the brain and spinal cord.
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how many microliters are in 5mL ?
Answer:
5000 microliters
Explanation:
1 ml=1000 microliters
5mL=5000 microliters
what is the most important factor in determining if a terrestrial planet has liquid surface water?
Answer:
The most important parameter for Earth-like life is the presence of liquid water, which directly depends on pressure and temperature. Temperature is key both because of its influence on liquid water and because it can be directly estimated from orbital and climate models of exoplanetary systems.
Explanation:
The search for habitable worlds beyond our solar system is a major focus of modern astronomy. One key factor in the search for habitable planets is the presence of liquid surface water, which is a necessary condition for life as we know it. There are several factors that can determine whether a terrestrial planet has liquid surface water.
The most important factor in determining whether a terrestrial planet has liquid surface water is the distance of the planet from its parent star, or its "habitable zone." The habitable zone is the region around a star where conditions are just right for liquid surface water to exist. If a planet is too close to its star, it will be too hot for liquid water to exist, while if it is too far away, it will be too cold.
Other factors that can affect the presence of liquid surface water on a terrestrial planet include its size, mass, and composition. For example, if a planet is too small or has too little mass, it may not have enough gravity to retain an atmosphere, which is necessary for the formation and maintenance of liquid surface water. Similarly, if a planet is too massive, its atmosphere may be too thick, causing a runaway greenhouse effect that can lead to the evaporation of any liquid water.
The composition of a planet can also affect the presence of liquid surface water. Planets with a large amount of water in their interiors may be more likely to have liquid surface water, as the water can be released through volcanic activity or other processes. In addition, the presence of a magnetic field can help to protect a planet's atmosphere from the solar wind, which can strip away atmospheric gases and cause the loss of liquid water.
In summary, while there are several factors that can determine whether a terrestrial planet has liquid surface water, the most important factor is the distance of the planet from its parent star, or its habitable zone. By considering these and other factors, astronomers can search for habitable worlds beyond our solar system and increase our understanding of the potential for life in the universe.
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the destruction of epithelial cells that causes target shaped lesions as a result of a hypersensitivity reaction to certain infections and drugs is known as
Erythema multiforme is seen as an acute, self-limiting, and occasionally recurrent skin disorder. type IV hypersensitive reaction linked to many pathogens, drugs, and other triggers.
Erythema multiforme is brought on by which viruses?This disorder is typically brought by the virus herpes simplex. It has also been linked to fungus infections and Mycoplasma pnemoniae. These additional factors might be to blame: a reaction to a particular drug.
What is the name for a medication response rash?Hives, commonly referred to as urticaria, are the most typical medication reaction. They are pimples or welts that develop on the skin that are elevated, bloated, red or flesh-colored. They come in a variety of forms and can itch intensely. They frequently form in clusters and can cover substantial sections of skin.
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how does meiosis lead to increased genetic variation?
Meiosis specifically produces novel genetic material combinations in each of the four daughter cells. These novel pairings are the consequence of DNA switching between linked chromosomes.
There are various ways to identify genetic variation. Observations of phenotypic variation in either quantitative (traits that vary continuously and are coded for by many genes, such as leg length in dogs) or discrete (traits that fall into discrete categories and are coded for by one or a few genes, such as white, pink, or red petal colour in particular flowers) traits can be used to determine genetic variation. [Reference required]
The procedure of protein electrophoresis can be used to examine variation at the level of enzymes in order to detect genetic variation.
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The carbon cycle is used to explain how (1 point)
O carbon only moves between non-living ecosystems.
O carbon only moves between living ecosystems.
O carbon only moves between the atmosphere and the hydrosphere.
O carbon only moves between living and non-living ecosystems.
In this part of the activity, we look at an individual with physical damage to an area
of the brain. Using the material in the textbook and in the Supplementary Material,
determine what specific area of the brain is probably responsible for the deficit
described below.
Terry's speech is slow and labored. He makes errors in the pronunciation of words.
He tries to correct the errors and often gets frustrated as he attempts to speak. He
knows what he is trying to say. He has little inflection (tonal variation) in his speech.
His comprehension is normal except for some grammatically complex material.
A.Broca's area
B.Wernicke's area
C.primary somatosensory area
D.primary visual area
E.primary motor area
The specific area of the brain that is probably responsible for the deficit is Broca's area. The correct option is A.
What is Broca's area?In order to create a strategy for speaking and transmit that plan to the motor cortex, which manages the movements of the lips, Broca's region interacts with the flow of sensory information from the temporal cortex.
The motor speech area is another name for Broca's area. It is situated in the inferior frontal gyrus, close to the motor cortex, and is used to produce speech.
This region controls the vocalisations necessary for typical speech as well as the breathing patterns used while speaking.
Thus, the correct option is A.
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except for the two embryonic leaves, plant leaves develop from the
Plant leaves, with the exception of the two embryonic leaves, develop from the shoot apical meristem.
The shoot apical meristem (SAM) is a group of proliferating embryonic cells that gives rise to the above-ground part of the plant. They are very organized and stable structures that are able to function for years or even centuries. Apical meristems are present at the growing tips of stems and roots. The main function of the apical meristem is to initiate the growth of new cells in young seedlings at the tips of roots and shoots to form shoots.
The apical shoot meristem of angiosperms produces leaf, stem, and flower structures throughout the life of the plant. To do this, the plant must maintain a population of stem cells in the meristematic tissue while carefully controlling placement and establishment of new leaf bases.
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which area of the body has the greatest amount of representation in the human primary somatosensory cortex?
The human primary somatosensory cortex is responsible for processing information from the sense of touch.
In this area, different regions of the body are represented in a highly organized manner, known as a sensory homunculus. The area of the body with the greatest amount of representation in the primary somatosensory cortex is the fingertips. This is because the fingertips are capable of detecting subtle differences in texture, pressure, and temperature and are therefore very sensitive to touch. As a result, they require a larger area of the cortex to process this information. Other regions of the body with a high level of representation in the primary somatosensory cortex include the lips, tongue, and face, which are also highly sensitive to touch. In contrast, areas of the body with less sensitivity to touch, such as the torso, are represented in a smaller area of the cortex.To know more about cortex visit:
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what term applies to the point at which the membrane returns to resting potential after having been depolarized?
The term that applies to the point at which the membrane returns to resting potential after having been depolarized is called "repolarization".
To understand this process, it is first important to know what is meant by membrane potential. Membrane potential is the difference in electric charge between the inside and outside of a cell. In neurons, for example, the resting membrane potential is around -70 millivolts (mV), meaning that the inside of the cell is negatively charged compared to the outside. This resting potential is maintained by the action of ion channels that selectively allow certain ions to pass through the cell membrane, creating an electrical gradient.
When a neuron receives a stimulus, it can become depolarized, meaning that the membrane potential becomes less negative or even positive. This happens when positively charged ions, such as sodium (Na+) and calcium (Ca2+), enter the cell. This depolarization can trigger an action potential, which is an all-or-nothing response that allows the neuron to transmit information to other neurons or cells.
However, the depolarization must be followed by a process called repolarization in order for the neuron to be able to fire again. During repolarization, the ion channels allow potassium (K+) ions to leave the cell and restore the negative resting potential. This is a crucial step in neural communication, as it allows the neuron to reset and prepare for the next stimulus.
In summary, repolarization is the process by which the membrane potential of a cell returns to its resting state after having been depolarized. This process involves the movement of potassium ions out of the cell, restoring the negative resting potential and allowing the neuron to fire again.
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