Answer:
Reverse Transcriptase (RT) is essential for HIV replication because the viral RNA genome on its own is highly susceptible to degradation by intracellular RNases. RT rapidly makes a much more nuclease-resistant double-stranded DNA copy of the RNA template that later integrates to form the proviral DNA.
This molecule is used by retroviruses to create DNA by using mRNA as a template. We know that normally transcription is the synthesis of mRNA from DNA. This can be useful in bioengeneering when using a virus as a vector to alter the genetic material of the host.
As DNA splits, what is added to the bases on the original strands?*
Answer:Nucleotide
Explanation:
A biologist is surveying the animal life found in the deciduous forests of the Adirondack Mountains in New York. He spots a mother black bear and cubs, a herd of white-tailed deer, 15 bird species, and two species of trout. Beneath decaying logs, he discovers insects, termites, salamanders, and earthworms. Which describes the variety of animals surveyed by the biologist.
PLS ANSWER
Only invertebrates were surveyed in the forest.
Only vertebrates were surveyed in the forest
.Vertebrates and invertebrates were surveyed in the forest.
Answer:
vertebrates and invertebrates were surveyed in the forest
vertebrates are animals that have a backbone.
mammals=black bear and Cubs,deerbirds =fish=troutamphibian=salamanderreptilesinvertebrates are animals without a backbone
insects=termites,molluscs=earth wormIs a lion a producer, herbivore, consumer or a omnivore
Answer:
Lions are primarally carnivors because they only consume meat. Herbivores are animals that only consume plant like rabbits and Ominvores are animals that consumer both like humans., so consumer
Explanation:
A lion is a consumer. In ecological terms, a consumer is an organism that obtains its energy and nutrients by consuming other living organisms.
Lions are carnivores, which means they primarily feed on other animals. They are top-level predators in their ecosystems, preying on a variety of herbivores, such as zebras, wildebeests, and antelopes.
As consumers, lions play a vital role in regulating prey populations and maintaining ecological balance in their habitats. They are not producers or herbivores since they do not engage in photosynthesis or primarily eat plants.
Additionally, lions are not omnivores, which are organisms that consume both plants and animals.
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Alleles can be described as 1. dominant 11. recessive III. codominant IV. partially dominant V. incompletely dominant O A. I, II, III, and V only OB. I and II only OC. I, II, and Ill only OD II, III, and V only
Answer:
A. I, II, III, and V only
Explanation:
In genetics, an allele refers to the specific form of a gene, which encodes traits. These alleles are usually in pairs in a diploid organism i.e. an organism with two sets of chromosomes. According to Gregor Mendel,
- An allele can either be DOMINANT when the allele masks the phenotypic expression of its allelic pair while the allele that is masked is said to be RECESSIVE.
- Two alleles can also be CO-DOMINANT when the two alleles are neither dominant or recessive over one another but are simultaneously expressed in that particular gene.
- Alleles can also be INCOMPLETELY DOMINANT when one allele is not completely dominant over the other, hence, forms a third intermediate phenotype when in combination with the second allele i.e. in an heterozygous state.
Based on this, an allele can be dominant (I), recessive (II), codominant (III), and incompletely dominant (V).
*
DNA replication must occur
O Before the nucleus divides
O Immediately following cytokinesis
O During mitosis
O All of the Above
Answer:O All of the Above
Explanation:
What are the electrical charges of a proton, neutron and electron?
Answer:
Protons are positive while nuetrons are negetive.
Expland nation:
Who said all animals were made of cells
Answer:
Theodor Schwann said all animals were made of cells.Explanation:
I hope l helped ❤❤❤It was proposed by Theodor Schwann that animals were made of cells.
Although Robert Hooke (who coined the term “cell”) first noticed them in 1695, it wasn’t until 1839 that Theodor Schwann (author of “The Theory of Cells”) and Mattias Schleiden first proposed the idea that all living things are made up of cells.
An animal cell is an eukaryotic cell with a plasma membrane surrounding it. The cell has a membrane-binding nucleus and a liquid cytoplasm and does not have a cell wall like a plant cell. Animal cells are part of the kingdom Animalia.
Theodor Schwann coined the term cell theory and claimed that all living things are made up of cells and that cells were the smallest and most fundamental component of all living things.
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Which term names the process in which an organism makes a new organism?
reproduction
fertilization
mutation
vanation
If the desert experiences a prolonged drought where many of the plants die, which BEST predicts the effect on the carrying capacity of the ecosystem?
A
The carrying capacity of the ecosystem will increase because there will be more space available for organisms.
B
The carrying capacity of the ecosystem will increase because there will be fewer organisms that require resources.
C
The carrying capacity of the ecosystem will decrease because there will be less food available for many organisms.
D
The carrying capacity of the ecosystem will decrease because there will be fewer organisms competing for resources.
Answer:
c
Explanation:
there will be way less vegetation to attract pet and many organisms will die because of the lack of resources due to the drought
If the desert experiences a prolonged drought where many of the plants die, the carrying capacity of the ecosystem will decrease because there will be less food available for many organisms.
What is ecosystem?"An ecosystem consists of all the organisms and the physical environment with which they interact."What do you man by carrying capacity?"The carrying capacity is the maximum population size of a biological species that can be sustained by that specific environment, given the food, habitat, water, and other resources available."Due to draught, resources decreases (resources becomes limited) and many organisms would die because of starvation. This would also effect in the food chain of other organisms. The organism would now compete for the lesser amount of resource.
Hence, the correct option is C. The carrying capacity of the ecosystem will decrease because there will be less food available for many organisms.
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Which of these events occurs during DNA replication?
DNA polymerase synthesizes a complementary strand from one, but not both of the original
strands.
DNA polymerase synthesizes a complementary strand from each of the original strands.
DNA ligase breaks apart one of the original strands, and other enzymes re-assemble the
components into a new strand,
DNA ligase breaks apart both of the original strands, and other enzymes re-assemble the
components into two new strands.
Answer:
i think frst one plz i am new so sry if i am wrong
During DNA replication, the DNA polymerase enzyme produces a complemetary strand from each of the original strands.
What is DNA replication?It is the process by which DNA produces a copy of itself at the time of cell division. In the process of replication, the initial step is the unzipping of the double helix structure of the DNA. This is done with the help of enzyme helicase. The unzipping creates a Y shape composition called replication fork.
Towards the replication fork, one of the strands is oriented in the 3' to 5' direction, known as the leading strand. The other strand in the 5' to 3' direction is the lagging strand, which is away from the replication fork.
The primer combines with the leading strand, and marks the intiation point of the synthesis of DNA. After this, DNA polymerase combines with the leading strand and add complementary nucleotide bases in the 5' to 3' direction.
In the lagging strand, numerous primers come and bind, later the chunks of DNA called Okazaki fragments are supplemented to the lagging strand in the 5' to 3' direction, by the enzyme DNA polymerase. This kind of replication is termed discontinuous as the Okazaki fragments are joined up later.
Thus, the correct statement is the second one, that is, the DNA polymerase enzyme produces a complemetary strand from each of the original strands.
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3. What is the difference between individual characteristics and class characteristics?
ASAP PLEASE HELP
Which of the folowing statements is true?
A) Genes contain mutiple chromosomes.
B) Acquired mutations are inherited from parents.
C) Gregor Mendel discovered patterns of inheritance during pea plant experiments.
D) Reginald Punnett discovered the theory of incomplete dominance during flower experiments.
Which of the following distinguishes why deer populations have increased?
The amount of predator animals has decreased.
Fewer hunters are culling the population of deer.
The amount of other grazing animals has decreased.
Fewer cattle are allowed to graze on open grasslands.
Answer:
The most correct option is the first option
Explanation:
A deer is an herbivorous animal that is usually preyed upon by many wild carnivorous animals like lions, tigers and leopards. Hence, when the population of these wild predatory carnivorous animals reduce, the population of the deer would increase because fewer of them would them would be killed by predators despite them (the deers) reproducing.
Note that a predator is an animal that feeds upon another animal (referred to as prey) of lower "strength".
The toxin produced by the intestinal bacterium Vibrio cholerae induces excessive diarrhea by stimulating the excretion of NaCl and large amounts of water into the intestine. The mechanism by which cholera toxin acts is ADP ribosylation of: a. the GTP-bound form of Gai, locking it in the active conformation. b. the GDP-bound form of Gas, locking it in the inactive conformation. c. the GTP-bound form of Gas, locking it in the active conformation. d. Gaq, inhibiting its GTPase activity. e. Gai, decreasing its affinity for GDP.
Answer:
c. the GTP-bound form of Gas, locking it in the active conformation.
Explanation:
The reason is that the toxin created by the enteric intestinal bacterium Vibro cholerae triggers an exorbitant amount of diarrhea by inducing the excretion of NaCl and enormous amounts of water into the bowel. The mechanism by that epidemic cholera toxin acts is ADP ribosylation of the Gs alpha monetary unit. This implies that G[tex]\alpha[/tex]s macromolecule protein exploits NAD, therefore protecting it within the active conformation.
Consider a hepatocyte (liver cell) carrying out the oxidation of glucose under aerobic conditions. Potasstum cyanide, a potent inhibitor of the enzyme cytochrome c, is administered. Indicate whether each of the following statements about the effect of this uncoupler is true or false; if false, briefly justify in one or two sentences. (4 points total) (a) The rate of oxygen consumption will decrease. (b) The cell will switch from glucose oxidation to fatty acid oxidation. (c) ATP synthase will still be able to create ATP. (d) Lactic acid fermentation will increase sharply.
Answer:
(a) The rate of oxygen consumption will decrease.
Explanation:
The rate of oxygen consumption will decrease due to the Potassium cyanide which inhibits both utilization of oxygen by the cell as well as ATP production. Cytochrome performs an important function in the mitochondria of the cell which is the production of ATP. Cyanide binds to the cytochrome and inhibits the ATP production that is performed by mitochondria of the cell. So Potassium cyanide decreases the rate of oxygen consumption in mitochondria.
How is the nitrogen cycle important to humans?
A. It produces free nitrogen that humans can breathe.
B. It converts nitrogen into a form that humans can obtain by eating other organisms.
C. It produces nitrogen compounds that humans can breathe.
D. It converts nitrogen into a form that humans can obtain by absorbing it through their skin.
What are the three major snow-fed rivers of Nepal?
Answer:
the Koshi, Gandaki, Karnali, and Mahakal
Explanation:
Rivers in Nepal can be classified into three broad groups on the basis of their origin. The first group of rivers is snow fed-types such as the major rivers systems: the Koshi, Gandaki, Karnali, and Mahakali.
Have a nice Day , Hope this helped you I would appreciate it if you could mark my answer brainliest
Compare and contrast the events of light reaction and dark reaction in the photosynthesis process
Answer:
The light reaction is the initial stage of photosynthesis which traps light energy to produce ATP and NADPH, whereas dark reaction is the second step of photosynthesis which utilizes the energy from ATP and NADPH to produce glucose.
Explanation:
hope it helps
There is a considerable amount of chemical energy stored in a tall tree. For instance, the wood could be burned to make a great deal of heat.
From where does the chemical energy come?
Answer:
The correct answer is - the sun.
Explanation:
When a plant is in initial stages there isgradual increase in the mass of the plant which become later as a tall tree by the process of the phostosynthesis as it increase the storage of glucose or sugar in the tree. The mass of the tree by glucose storage is due to the carbon molecules of CO2 moleules.
Photosynthesis is the process that involves the trapping of the light come from the sun which is then converted in the cheical energy in the form of the glucose or the sugars.
The chemical energy present in the tall trees comes from the Sun.
• Through the process of photosynthesis, the tall trees convert energy from the Sun, that is, light energy into the chemical energy.
• The majority of this energy is stored in the trees in the form of compounds known as carbohydrates.
• When animals consume trees and its components, they consume and absorb some of this energy, that is, stored as chemical energy into the compounds protein and fats.
Thus, the green plants and trees are the source of energy, that is, used for various purposes. Through the process of photosynthesis, the light energy coming from the Sun gets converted into the chemical energy that gets stored as carbohydrates.
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Consider the following population:
Blood Type A B AB O
Number of individuals 533 84 67 316
What is the frequency of the IB allele in this population?
Answer:
0.079
Explanation:
Using Hardy Weinberg equilibrium for blood group;
p² + 2pq + q² + 2pr + r² + 2qr = 1
where;
p = allele frequency for A
q = allele frequency for B
r = allele frequency for O
N(p² + 2pr) = the number of allele for type A people
N(q² + 2qr) = the number of allele for type B people
N(2pq) = the number of allele for AB people
N(r²) = the number of allele for O people
N(r²) = 316
r² = 316/1000
r² = 0.316
r = [tex]\sqrt{0.316[/tex]
r = 0.56
To find the frequency of the [tex]I^B[/tex] allele;
N(q² + 2qr) = 84
q² + 2qr = 84/1000
q² + 2qr = 0.084
where;
r = 0.56
q² + 2q(0.56) = 0.084
q² + 1.12q = 0.084
q² + 1.12q - 0.084 = 0
Using the quadratic formula:
[tex]=\dfrac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2-4ac}}{2a}[/tex]
where;
a = 1, b = 1.12, c = -0.084
[tex]=\dfrac{-(1.12) \pm \sqrt{(1.12)^2-4(1)(-0.084)}}{2\times 1}[/tex]
[tex]=\dfrac{-(1.12) \pm \sqrt{1.2544-(-0.336)}}{2}[/tex]
[tex]=\dfrac{-(1.12) \pm \sqrt{1.5904}}{2}[/tex]
[tex]=\dfrac{-(1.12) \pm 1.261}{2}[/tex]
[tex]=\dfrac{-(1.12) + 1.261}{2} \ \ OR \ \ \dfrac{-(1.12) - 1.261}{2}[/tex]
[tex]=\dfrac{0.141}{2} \ \ OR \ \ \dfrac{-2.381}{2}[/tex]
[tex]\simeq 0.079 \ \ OR \ \ -1.1905[/tex]
Since our value can be negative; then the frequency of the [tex]I^B[/tex] allele in this population is 0.079.
What do astronomers think dark energy is doing to the expansion of the universe?
bring it to a halt
holding it steady
accelerating it
none of the above
Answer:
Accelerating it.
Explanation:
Dark energy is a hypothesis by which the growing tendency of the universe to expand constantly is explained, with which it is inferred that this dark energy is a kind of inverse gravity, which instead of attracting repels the extremes of the cosmos expanding its size and dimension . Although its definition is very ambiguous and abstract, the truth is that it is a hypothesis that seeks to explain this physical behavior of the cosmos.
describe chalenges related with a molecular clock
Answer:
Issues with the Molecular Clock
Though most changes occur at a constant rate, the rate of change may vary in different genes, at different times, and among different organisms.
Explanation:
Issues with the Molecular Clock
Though most changes occur at a constant rate, the rate of change may vary in different genes, at different times, and among different organisms.
__________ is a protein attached to the thylakoid membrane that helps synthesize ATP each time a H+ ion exits the thylakoid.
a)ATP Synthase
b)Proton Pump
c)NADPH
d)ADP
ATP synthase is a protein attached to the thylakoid membrane that helps synthesize ATP each time an H+ ion exits the thylakoid. Therefore, option A is correct.
What is ATP synthase?The enzyme that produces ATP molecules is called ATP synthase. ATP synthases create ATP from its precursor, ADP. The cristae and inner membrane of mitochondria, the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts, and the plasma membrane of bacteria all contain these enzymes.
It is a multi-component complex that crosses the mitochondrial inner membrane, the cell's power plants.
In order to manufacture ATP more effectively, the curvature of the mitochondrial inner membrane must be created by the interaction of the enzyme complex with fatty molecules. Therefore, option A is correct.
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What would happen in a cell if the DNA was destroyed completely or changed in any way?
Answer:
If the DNA of a cell is destroyed completely the cell would die i.e. cease to exist. A change in the DNA (germ-line mutation) would change the structure and/or functions of proteins in the cell.
Explanation:
The central dogma theory indicates that DNA is replicated to produce daughter cells. These daughter cells are then transcribed into mRNA (micro RNA) which are in turn translated into structural and functional proteins.
If the DNA is totally destroyed, no mRNA is formed and by implication, such a cell has no proteins. Now proteins are practically the "godfather" molecules in any cell, they maintain the selectively permeable cell membrane's integrity, they form the structural component of most cellular organelles, they are essential for transport of essential/toxic substances in/out of the cell, etc.
Looking at these functions, cessation of protein production is equivalent to cessation of cell life (apoptosis if DNA destruction is not stimulated externally).
A mutation (change in DNA) changes which protein is produced. A practical indication of this is when a single point mutation in hemoglobin produces sickle cell anemia!!
Alleles can be described as 1. dominant II. recessive III. codominant IV. partially dominant V. incompletely dominant O A. I, II, III, and V only OB. I and II only OC. I, II, and III only OD. II, III, and V only
I am glad that brainly moderators are more eager to delete a correct answer with a concise explaination than adult material but i will answer again.
The correct answer is A because partially dominant alleles do not exist
Which is an immune response?
Answer:
I think B because white blood cells fight off bacteria and stuff. I hope this is right for you! if not I am sorry! Have a great holiday.
Study this image of the process of photosynthesis. What’s wrong with the image?
A.
Sun rays are shown on the right side of the image.
B.
Carbon dioxide is shown as an input.
C.
Oxygen is shown as an input.
D.
Water is shown as an input.
Answer:
c
Explanation:
.......................
Hey there!
Answer:
C. Oxygen is shown as an input
Explanation:
Plants take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen.
This image shows a girl breathing out carbon dioxide and the plant using that gas to make photosynthesis and giving out oxygen for her to breathe.
Hope this helped!
Where are the cells that make up the sinoatrial node, or pacemaker, located?
Answer:
Right atrium of the heart
Explanation:
What could Mendel conclude?
ASAP PLEASE
Which of the following statements is true?
A) Thymine pairing with adenine is a DNA mutation.
B) Tt and tt plants have the same genotype.
C) Bb and BB flowers have the same phenotype.
D) Intelligence is determined by a single genes.
Answer:
B.
Explanation:
Yes, Tt and tt have the same geneotype.
Two geneotypes can result in the same phenotype.
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