Radiotherapy techniques, when changing the dose rate, people see threshold dose to biological effect increases if dose efficiency decreases.
What is Radiotherapy?High doses of radiation are used in radiation therapy, also known as radiotherapy, as a cancer treatment to eradicate cancer cells and reduce tumour size. As with x-rays of your teeth or shattered bones, radiation is utilised at low doses in x-rays to see inside your body.
Radiation therapy damages cancer cells' DNA, which either kills them or limits their growth at high dosages. Cancer cells that have DNA damage that cannot be repaired either cease proliferating or die.
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A merry-go-round is spinning in a circle at a constant speed. A child is 4 meters away from the center of the merry-go-round and experiences a centripetal acceleration of 6 m/s^2. What is the tangential velocity of the child?
A.) 1.5 m/s
B.) 24.0 m/s
C.) 9.1 m/s
D.) 4.9 m/s
The velocity is 4.9 m/s.
What is the centripetal acceleration?Centripetal acceleration is the acceleration that acts towards the center of a circular path and is required to maintain an object in circular motion. It is defined as the rate of change of velocity of an object moving in a circular path.
The formula for centripetal acceleration can be expressed as:
a_c = v^2 / r
Given that;
a = v^2/r
a = acceleration
v = tangential velocity
r = radius
Thus;
v = √ar
v = (6 * 4)^1/2
v = 4.9 m/s
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Non skull bones of the axial skeleton
Answer:
humerus, phalanges, carpals, etc
Explanation:
these examples are non skull bones of the axial skeleton
state what the gradient of a graph of kinetic friction vs normal force represents
An object is 20 cm in front of a diverging lens with a focal length of 10 cm. Use ray tracing to determine the location of the image. Is the image upright or inverted? Is it real or virtual?
The location of the image (object is 20 cm in front of a diverging lens with a focal length of 10 cm = 6.66 cm. The image created by a diverging lens:
Image reduction
Image is vertical
The image is virtual.
Additionally known as a dispersive lens, negative lens, divergent lens, or concave lens. A lens that creates parallel light beams that spread out and veer away from the optical axis after leaving the lens.
The equation:
1/f = 1/v - 1/u
Where,
f = focal length
v = image distance
u = the object distance
Hence,
1/v = - ⅒ - 1/20
= -2/20 - 1/20
v = 6.66 cm
The image created by a diverging lens
Image reduction
Image is vertical
The image is virtual.
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make figures showing the patellar reflex conduction times and patellar reflex conduction velocites under te various experimental conditions
The patellar reflex happens when there is a sudden change in muscle length; in this situation, the tendon velocity is stretched as a result of the application of the hammer stroke [3, 4].
How does one measure a normal patellar reflex?The deep tendon reflexes are ordinarily ranked as follows: The response of zero is always abnormal. 1+ indicates a weak but unmistakably present response; this could or could not be typical. Fast response; 2+; considered usual.
If your knee doesn't respond, what does that mean?
A symptom of hyporeflexia is a diminished or nonexistent reflex reaction in your skeletal muscles. Damage to any area of your reflex arc—which may have occurred as a result of an underlying medical condition—causes it to occur.
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A boat is docked on the southern shore of a swiftly moving river that is 259.0 m wide. The river flows from east to west with a speed of 4.00 m/s relative to the shore. There is a dock located upstream on the northern side of the river at an angle of 57.0∘
relative to the shore (i.e. north of east). The boat is able to travel at a speed of 6.50 m/s relative to the water.
If the boat travels directly to the dock on the northern shore at a constant speed, how long does it take to get there?
It will take the boat 47.35 seconds to get to the dock on the northern shore.
What is relative velocity?The velocity of an object in relation to another object or observer is defined as relative velocity. The time rate of change of one object's relative position with respect to another object is defined as relative velocity.
We can start by using vector addition to find the velocity of the boat relative to the shore.
The velocity of the boat relative to the water is 6.50 m/s, and the velocity of the water relative to the shore is 4.00 m/s,
Let the boat's relative velocity to shore is v(bs)
water relative velocity to shore is v(ws)
boat's relative velocity to water is v(bw)
So: v(bs) = √(v(bw)² + v(ws)² - 2 × v(bw) × v(ws) × cos(57.0°))
Plugging in the known values, we get:
v(bs) = √(6.50² + 4.00² - 2 × 6.50 × 4.00 × cos(57.0°)) = 5.47 m/s
Next, we can use this velocity to find the time it takes for the boat to cross the river:
t = d / v(bs) = 259.0 m / 7.76 m/s = 47.35 s
Thus, it will take the boat 47.35 seconds.
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An Objects moves in a Circular Path of radius 0.5m worth a Speed of 0.5m/s what is its anglur velocity
Answer:
w=0.25rad/s
Explanation:
w=vr
where v=speed in m/s,r=0.5 in m,w=rad/s
w=0.5×0.5
w=0.25rad/s
A water tank located at a depth of 8 m from ground level is half full of water. This water is pumped up by a water pump in the basement and drilled at 2 mis'' access. 10 minutes until the water in the tank is finished 0: The power of the motor is 1 kW and the cross-sectional area of the tank is 2m. * ii) Determine the useful work (output) done by the equation /x, (ii) Find the energy required for friction, (iii) Find the efficiency of the pump. (iv) Suggest a way to increase the value of (iii) above. (Density of water = 1000 kgm ]
The output by the equation and energy required for friction is 160,000 J. Efficiency is 0.267 or 26.7% and this efficiency can be improved by friction reduction.
How to calculate output, friction and efficiency?The useful work done by the pump can be calculated as the product of the weight of the water pumped and the height it is lifted. The weight of the water in the tank can be calculated as the density of water times the volume of water in the tank. The volume of water in the tank is half the total volume of the tank, which can be calculated as the cross-sectional area of the tank times its height (8 m). So the weight of the water is:
Volume = cross-sectional area x height = 2 m x 8 m = 16 m³
Weight = Volume x density = 16 m³ x 1000 kg/m³ = 16,000 kg
Useful work = Weight x height = 16,000 kg x 10 m = 160,000 J
The energy required for friction can be estimated as a percentage of the useful work. This percentage depends on the design of the pump, the viscosity of the water and other factors. Assuming a friction loss of 10%, the energy required for friction can be calculated as:
Energy required for friction = 0.1 x 160,000 J = 16,000 J
The efficiency of the pump can be calculated as the ratio of the useful work done by the pump to the energy input. The energy input can be calculated as the product of the power of the motor (1 kW) and the time it is run (10 minutes, or 600 seconds). So the efficiency can be calculated as: Energy input = Power * time = 1 kW x 600 sec = 600,000 J
Efficiency = Useful work / Energy input = 160,000 J / 600,000 J = 0.267 or 26.7%
The efficiency of the pump can be increased by reducing the friction loss, improving the design of the pump to reduce energy losses, or increasing the power of the motor. Another option is to increase the height the water is lifted, as the useful work done by the pump is directly proportional to the height the water is lifted.
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Compare the magnitude and direction of the gravitational force the sun exerts on Earth to the gravitational force Earth exerts on the sun.
The force that Earth applies to the sun is equal to the force that the sun applies to Earth. Between the Sun and the Earth, there is a gravitational force of 32.10.1021 N.
What does Earth's true name entail?Contrary to popular belief, Earth doesn't even have a recognized international name. "Only a common mistake of the galaxy's scientific name, "Terra," exists. the planet's official name in English.
Why is the planet Earth referred to?All living creatures, including plants, animals, and people, call the Earth their home, which is why it is referred to as a "living planet." The optimal solar proximity of the Earth provides it the perfect environment for the development of life things.
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1kg of air at 1.02 bar , 20°c is compressed reversibly according to a law PV^1.3 = C, to a pressure of 5.5 bar. calculate the work done on the air and the heat supplied during compression.
The heat supplied during compression is 432.26 K and the work done on the air is -3.859 KJ/kg
To find the compression temperature use the formula:
P₁T₁= P₂T₂
To answer this question, we can use the following formula of work:
W = mR (T₁ - T₂)/η - 1
now given,
mass: m = 1 kg
Law PV^1.3 : η = 1.3 (P¹°³)
initial pressure: P₁ = 1.02 bar,
initial temperature: T₁ = 20 + 273 = 293 K
final pressure: P₂ = 5.5 bar
final temperature: T₂ = ?
work: W = ?
Putting the given values in the above equation, we get,
Temperature:
P₁T₁ = P₂T₂
T₂ = P₁T₁/P₂
T₂ = (5.5/1.02)0.3/1.3 × 293
T₂= (5.392)0.2308 × 293
T₂ = 1.4753 x 293
T₂ = 432.26 K.
So, the heat supplied during compression is 432.26 K.
Work:
W = mR (T₁ - T₂)/η - 1 → R = 8.314 J/Kmol
W = 1(8.314)(293 - 432.26)/1.3 - 1
W = 8.314(-139.26)/0.3
W = -1157.8/0.3
W = -3859.3 J/kg
W = -3.859 KJ/kg
So, the work done on the air is -3.859 KJ/kg
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In the circuit shown below batteries and all meters have no significant resistances.
a. If the switch S is open:
(i)
(ii)
Calculate the current through the 100 £2 resistor.
What is the reading of the voltmeter?
b. If the switch S is closed:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
Calculate the current through the 100 2 resistor.
Calculate the current through the 75 22 resistor.
What is the reading of the ammeter?
V = IP
(a) Sign conventions for emfs
+E: Travel direction
from-to +:
-Travel →
-E: Travel direction
from+to-
←Travel-
E
(b) Sign conventions for resistors
+IR: Travel opposite
to current direction:
-Travel-
14
-IR: Travel in
current direction:
←Travel
-
100.0 Ω
25.0+
V
"L
(1 mark)
(1 mark)
(1 mark)
(1 mark)
(1 mark)
a
15.0
S
s TV
:75.0
A
2
Ω
b
V
Since every resistance is connected in series, the current flowing through the 100 ohm resistor is 0.02 A.
Describe the current formula.The formula for electric current can be used to calculate it: The "current equation," which is derived from Ohm's Law, is the equation I=V/R. Current is represented by the variable "I," voltage by the variable "V," and resistance by the variable "R."
According to Ohm's law, the current flowing through a conductor is proportional to the voltage V and the resistance R; thus, V equals IR. If a charge Q flows through the cross-section of a conductor in time t, the current I is equal to Q/t, which is an alternative statement of Ohm's law. The S.I. charge unit is the coulomb, and electric current is measured in amperes, or coulombs per second.
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Identify the FALSE statement. Differentiation of large planetesimals and protoplanets:
is the process by which these bodies develop internal layering.
began with heating up component materials within these bodies.
was caused by heat created by the transformation of kinetic energy from collisions into thermal energy.
was inhibited if radioactive elements were present because their decay required heat input from the surroundings.
resulted in a central ball of iron alloy (the core) and an outer shell of lighter rocky materials (the mantle.)
The false statement is D: "was inhibited if radioactive elements were present because their decay required heat input from the surroundings."
This is false because radioactive elements can provide heat within the planetesimals and protoplanets, helping to drive differentiation by releasing heat from their decay. This heat can cause melting, which can lead to the differentiation of these bodies into internal layering, with a central ball of iron alloy (the core) and an outer shell of lighter rocky materials (the mantle).
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How much work does gravity do on a 0.110-kg ball falling from a height of 19.0 m? (Neglect air resistance.)
yvette and zack are driving down the freeway side by side with their windows rolled down. Zack wants to toss his physics book out the window and have it land on yvette's front seat. should he direct his throw outward and toward the front of the car (throw 1), straight outward (throw 2), or outward and toward the back if the car (throw 3)? Explain?
If Zack wants to toss his physics book out the window and have it land on Yvette's front seat, he should throw straight outward (throw 2).
Given that Yvette and Zack are both moving at the same speed, their relative velocities are zero. When a book is thrown, its component of velocity in the car's motion direction is equal to that of the car.
At the time of the throw, the book will be moving at the same speed as the car. Yvette's vehicle travels at the same speed; from the viewpoint of the book, both vehicles are immobile. This indicates that the book only needs to proceed directly to Yvette's front seat. Simply slide the book to Yvette's front seat from here.
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I don't know what to put here is there a formula to find the period?
The period of the oscillation is obtained by dividing the time with the number of oscillation.
What is the period of oscillation?
The period of oscillation is the time taken by a repeating periodic motion to complete one full cycle. It is a measure of the time it takes for an object in a repeating motion to return to its original position.
The period of an oscillation is usually denoted by the symbol T and is usually expressed in units of seconds
The period for the different run is calculated as follows;
T = t / n
where;
t is the time n is the number of oscillation = 10Run 1 , T = 14.22/10 = 1.422 seconds
Run 2, T = 14.18 / 10 = 1.418 s
Run 3, T = 14.15 / 10 = 1.415 s
Run 4, T = 14.28 / 10 = 1.428 s
Run 5, T = 14.33 / 10 = 1.433 s
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A jogger maintains a constant speed around the boundaries of a rectangular field. Which of the following statements is true? O The acceleration of the jogger is uniform. O The acceleration of the jogger is zero. O The acceleration of the jogger is sometimes uniform. O The acceleration of the jogger is sometimes zero. O The acceleration of the jogger is never zero.
Options e, A jogger maintains a constant speed around the boundaries of a rectangular field. The jogger's acceleration is never zero.
An object's acceleration is a measurement of how quickly its velocity changes.
The jogger's acceleration is not zero since they are altering their velocity every time they get to a corner of the rectangular field. This is referred to as centripetal acceleration and is the acceleration necessary to maintain an object's circular motion at a constant speed.
Although the jogger's pace is constant, their direction is changing, which causes a change in their velocity, which in turn causes a change in their acceleration.
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Which diagram best shows what happens when light passes through a magnifying glass?
A magnifying glass is a simple optical device that uses a convex lens to produce a magnified image of an object.
What is a magnifying glass?When a magnifying glass is held close to an object, the lens refracts the light that is reflected off the object and causes it to converge or come together at a point. This point is called the focal point, and it is where the magnified image is formed. The image appears larger and closer than the actual object because it is formed by the light that has been bent and converged by the lens.
The magnification produced by a magnifying glass depends on the power of the lens, which is determined by its focal length.
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Each of the images below represents a plot. The horizontal axis on each plot represents time. The vertical axis represents whichever quantity (position, velocity, acceleration) is being discussed. The origin of each plot is represented by 0, and the function is represented by the colored line. For each of the statements at the bottom select the image that best represents the requested plot. You may use the same image for multiple statements if it is appropriate.
Constant velocity - Image D
Constant acceleration - Image A
Constant acceleration to the east - Image C
To release a ball from rest - Image B
What is the velocity time graph?A velocity-time graph is a graph that represents the relationship between the velocity of an object and the time it has been moving. In this type of graph, the velocity of an object is plotted on the y-axis and the time elapsed is plotted on the x-axis.
A velocity-time graph can be used to determine various properties of an object's motion, such as its acceleration, velocity, and displacement. For example, the slope of the velocity-time graph gives the acceleration of the object. If the graph is a straight line, the object is undergoing constant acceleration. If the graph is a curved line, the object is undergoing non-uniform acceleration.
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a gps satellite orbits at an altitude of 20,200 km above the surface of earth. what is the speed of the satellite? (recall that re
The speed of the GPS satellite in orbit is approximately 3.87 km/s.
What is the GPS satellite's orbital speed?MEO, or medium earth orbit, is the term used to describe orbits of this altitude.
We can use the formula for the speed of an object in circular orbit:
v = √(GM/r)
where v is the speed of the satellite, G is the gravitational constant, M is the mass of the Earth, and r is the distance between the center of the Earth and the satellite (which is the sum of the radius of the Earth and the altitude of the satellite).
The mass of the Earth is approximately 5.97 x 10²⁴kg, the radius of the Earth is approximately 6,371 km, and the altitude of the GPS satellite is 20,200 km.
Converting the units to meters, we have:
M = 5.97 x 10²⁴ kg
r = (6,371 km + 20,200 km) x 1000 m/km
= 26,371,000 m
G = 6.674 x 10⁻¹¹ N·m²/kg²
[tex]\mathrm{v = \sqrt{\dfrac{(6.674 \times 10^{-11} N\cdot m^2/kg^2) \times (5.97 x 10^24 kg)}{(26,371,000 m)} } }[/tex]
= 3.87 km/s
Therefore, the speed of the GPS satellite in orbit is approximately 3.87 km/s.
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I’m not sure what the answers to these questions are for this sheet can u help?
Answer:
Explanation:
b. helmet is aerodynamic; and he is leaning down, which reduces his surface area
c. open parachute exposes more surface area to the air, which increases the drag
9. A and D will float because density is less than 1.0
When he pushes the object down, then lets it go, it bobs back up because of the upward force (upthrust) of the water acting on the object.
The thrust bearing is subjected to the loads as shown. Determine the order of average normal stress developed on cross section through BC and D.
the order of average normal stress developed on cross section through B, C and D c) B>C>D.
What is the primary variation in normal stress?When examined at constant levels of the applied shear stress s, the initial stress distribution differences N1 (cv) show a decreasing trend as the solid fraction cv increases.In other words, the shear stress increases more quickly than the usual stress differential does with filler volume fraction.
How is the typical soil stress determined?
EF is the area, and is the stress, hence F1 = EF.EF = EF = θ θ θ θ θ θ = θ θ θ θregular stress on the plane's EF.We can select the value of from this equation in a way that it equals zero.The primary plane is the one that forms this angle with block, which only experiences normal stress.
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the member with a cross-section area of a is subjected to axial loading p as shown. what is the maximum shearing stress and its corresponding plane?
To determine the maximum shearing stress and its corresponding plane, you would need to know the value of the axial load p, and the cross-sectional area A of the member.
What is shearing stress?
Shearing stress is a type of stress that occurs in a material when the applied forces generate sliding or slippage along the parallel planes within the material. It is a measure of the force per unit area that is resisting this sliding or shearing.
The maximum shearing stress in a member subjected to axial loading is given by the formula:
τ_max = p / (2A)
where p is the axial load, and A is the cross-sectional area of the member. The plane where the maximum shearing stress occurs is perpendicular to the plane of the cross section.
It is important to note that the maximum shearing stress occurs at 45 degrees to the axis of the member, at the point where the stress is acting at right angles to both the longitudinal and radial axes of the cross section.
Therefore, to determine the maximum shearing stress and its corresponding plane, you would need to know the value of the axial load p, and the cross-sectional area A of the member.
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If a waterfall and a dam have the same height,
which one would have the most kinetic energy?
Explain why.
In the schematically drawn circuit shown below, a light bulb is connected in series with a resistor. What is the total resistance in the circuit?
A) 90 ohms
B) 80 ohms
C) 100 ohms
D) 4 ohms
Answer:
100 ohms
Explanation:
the bulb is just a resistor that gets hot and emits light.... series circuit resistance just add together... 10 + 90 = 100 ohms
True/False the four principle types of space our text names are: deep space, flat space, splitspace and ambiguous space
The given statement '' the four principal types of space our text names are: deep space, flat space, split space, and ambiguous space'' is false as the four principal types of space our text names are: atmospheric space, void space, domestic space, and liminal space.
Atmospheric space is the space between objects, where the environment can affect the objects in it. Void space is the empty space that can be found in a room or an area, but can also be found in one’s mind.
Domestic space is the space we create at home, and it is a space that reflects our identity and emotions. Finally, liminal space is a space between two states, where something is neither this nor that and can be seen as a threshold.
All of these spaces are integral to understanding how humans interact with the world, and they all contribute to the overall experience of living.
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a racing sports car traveling with a constant velocity of 100 mph due west startles a turtle by the side of the road who begins to move out of the way. which of these two objects is likely to have the larger acceleration at that instant? explain ____
The object that is likely to have the larger acceleration at that instant is the turtle. The begins to move from rest.
Analysis of a moving objectA racing sports car traveling with a constant velocity of 100 mph due west.It startles a turtle by the side of the road.The turtle begins to move out of the way.Of these two objects at that instant, find which is likely to have the larger acceleration!
The racing sports car moves with a constant speed. it means that it doesn't accelerate. No information explains that the car accelerated or decelerated as well. The car has no acceleration.
The turtle is initially at rest, then it begins to move out of the way. It moves from 0 m/s to a certain speed of v in a certain time. So, the turtle has an acceleration.
Hence, of these two objects, the turtle is likely to have the larger acceleration
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A Hockey puck Slides across
the ice at a constant speed of
3.0 m/s for 1.5 seconds. How far does it move during this time.
The distance travelled by the huckey puck, given that it slides across the ice with a speed of 3.0 m/s for 1.5 seconds is 4.5 meters
How do I determine the distance travelled?We know that speed is defined as the distanced travelled in a particular time.
Speed = distance / time
Making distance the subject, we have
Cross multiply
Distance = speed × time
With the above formula, we can obtain the distance the hockey puck will slide Details below:
Speed = 3.0 m/sTime = 1.5 secondsDistance travelled =?Distance = speed × time
Distance travelled = 3.0 m/s × 1.5 seconds
Distance travelled = 4.5 meters
Thus, we conclude that the distance travelled is 4.5 meters
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Answer:
4.5m
Explanation:
Using
Distance= speed * time
D = 1.5 * 3 m
D = 4.5 m
Four identical electric charges +q are arranged at the vertices of a square with side L If they were released, they would fly apart. (a) Find the charge Q that if placed in the center of the square would result in zero total force on each charge q. (b) Is the equilibrium stable or unstable? Justify your answer.
A square has a charge in the middle and four charges at each of the four corners that are each equal to Q. if the economy is balanced.
An equilibrium is what?As balancing is the definition of the word "equilibrium," it follows that a chemical process reflects an balance between both the reactants and the products involved in the reaction. In some physical processes, such as the melting of ice at 0°C, in which both snow and water are present, the equilibrium state can also be observed.
A charge is what?The physical characteristic of matter that enables it to feel a force when exposed to an electromagnetic field is called electric charge. The two most frequent types of electric charges are positive and negative charges.
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the following questions refer to the below molecules: (a) co2 (b) h2o (c) ch4 (d) c2h4 (e) ph3 question the molecule with the largest dipole moment
The CH4 molecule will have the biggest dipole moment. The symmetric of the molecules is established using the dipole moment.
A dipole moment is defined.
The size of the charge Q at each end of something like the molecules dipole times the space r seen between charges gives rise to the dipole moment (), which is a measure representing net molecular polarity. We can learn about a molecule's charge separation from its dipole moments.
What is the water dipole moment?
Its anisotropy has been calculated experimentally to be 1.855 D for a shallow groundwater monomers (1) An individual water molecule's dipole moment is known to be greatly increased in water clustered and cell contents due to polarization and molecular orbitals effects.
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The molecule with the largest dipole moment (a) co2 (b) h2o (c) ch4 (d) c2h4 (e) ph3
differentiate between bar magnet and electro magnet
Permanent(Bar)magnet
(1)hey are permanently magnetized
(2)These are usually made of hard materials.
(3) The strength of the magnetic field line is constant. it can not be varied.
(4)The pole of permanent magnet can not change
(5)Example of permanent magnet is Bar Magnet
Electromagnet
(1) These are temporary Magnetized.
(2) They are usually made of soft materials.
(3)The strength of the magnetic fields can be varied accordingly to our need.
(4) The poles of an electromagnet can be altered
(5) Example of a temporary magnet is solenoid wounded across a nail and connected to a battery..
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