new planets formed in a cloud of dust and debris surrounding our young sun through a process known as .

Finding the ration of the electric force to gravitational force ( -) between a proton and an electron separated by an arbitrary distance d.

Taking the masses of proton and electron respectively as:

mp= 1.67× 10⁻²⁷ kg

me= 9.11 × 10⁻³¹kg

Fe=1/4π∈o×e²/d²

Fg= G×mp×me/d²

, the ratio of the two forces is calculated as:

Fe/Fg= (1/4π∈o×e²/d²) / (G×mp×me/d²)

Fe/Fg= (1/4π∈o×e²) / (G×mp×me)

=9x10^9 ×(1.6 x 10^-19 C)²

=6.67 X 10⁻¹¹×1.67×10⁻²⁷kg x 9.11 x 10⁻³¹

≈ 2.27 × 10³⁹

The electric force is the force experienced by a charged object that is in an electric field. The formulation of the electric force is sometimes confused with Coulomb's law, even though the electric force is more general in nature than this law, which only works for two point charges.

Electric force, as is generally the case, is denoted by the letter F or usually given a small index under E  (electric) or L (electricity).

F=qE

with:

q : is the payload of the object

E: is the electric field

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The distance of the particle from the center of the Earth is 3.42×10⁵ km, so the force on the particle due to moon is 1.24 times the force on the particle due to the Earth.

Let the mass of the Earth, = M₁

Let the mass of the moon, = M₂

Let the mass of the particle = m

Distance between the Moon and the Earth, d = 384000 km

Let the distance of the particle from the center of the earth, = d

Force on the particle due to the Earth, = GM₁m/d²

Force on the particle due to the Moon, = GM₂m/(384000-d)²

1.24 × GM₁m/d² = GM₂m/(384000-d)²

We know Earth's mass is 81 times as that of the moon. M₁ = 81M₂

1.24 × 81M₂/d² = M₂/(384000-d)²

100.44/d² = 1/(384000-d)²

1.475×10¹³ + 100.44d² - 77.14×10⁶d = d²

99.44d² - 77.14×10⁶d + 1.475×10¹³

On solving d = 4.34×10⁵ km & 3.42×10⁵ km

As 4.34×10⁵ km distance is more than the distance between the Earth and the Moon. So, taking the location of the particle between the Earth and the moon, d = 3.42×10⁵ km

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The correct statements are:

1.The electric field lines go out of a positive charge and into a negative charge.

2.Electric field lines indicate the direction of the force due to the given electric field on any test charge.

3.The electric field vector is tangent to the electric field line at each point.

The correct statements are:

1.The electric field lines go out of a positive charge and into a negative charge.

2.Electric field lines indicate the direction of the force due to the given electric field on any test charge.

3.The electric field vector is tangent to the electric field line at each point.

These statements are all true, but it's important to note that the number of electric field lines is not necessarily proportional to the charge that creates the electric field. Also, the spacing of the electric field lines can give an indication of the strength of the electric field, but it is not a definitive measure of it.

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To test for convergence/divergence using a comparison test, you need to compare the series in question with another series that is known to converge or diverge. In this case, we can compare the series a_n = n^2 / (2^n * 3^n) with the series b_n = 1/n^2. Since b_n converges, and |a_n| <= |b_n| for all n, we can conclude that a_n also converges.

To test for convergence or divergence of the series ∑a(n) = n^2/(2n^3 + 3n), one common method is the comparison test. This involves comparing the terms of the given series to the terms of another known series and determine if the terms are decreasing or increasing. If the terms of the given series are less than the terms of the known series and both series converge or diverge, then the given series will also converge or diverge. If the terms of the given series are greater than the terms of the known series and both series diverge, then the given series will also diverge. Based on this test, the series ∑a(n) may converge or diverge, further analysis is needed.

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Electrical energy transfer is the form of energy transfer with the least amount of waste, as it is highly efficient and produces minimal waste heat. This makes electrical energy transfer an important and reliable source of energy in modern society, as it allows us to make the most of the energy we use, reducing waste and saving resources.

Energy transfer is a crucial process in the functioning of various systems and devices. The energy can be transferred from one form to another, such as from kinetic energy to thermal energy, or from potential energy to kinetic energy. During these transfers, some energy is inevitably lost in the form of waste heat, which is useless and cannot be converted back into useful energy. The amount of waste energy generated during energy transfer varies depending on the form of energy transfer.

Detailed Explanation:

After observing different forms of energy transfer, it can be concluded that the form of energy transfer with the least amount of waste is electrical energy transfer. This is because electrical energy transfer is highly efficient, with only a minimal amount of energy being lost as waste heat.

In electrical energy transfer, electrical energy is transformed into another form of energy, such as light or heat, through the use of electrical circuits and devices. The electrical energy is conducted through wires, which are highly conductive, minimizing energy losses as waste heat. Additionally, modern electrical devices are designed to be highly efficient, converting most of the electrical energy they receive into the desired form of energy, and producing minimal waste heat.

On the other hand, in the transfer of energy from one body to another through conduction, some energy is lost as waste heat due to friction between the two bodies. Similarly, in energy transfer through convection, energy is lost as waste heat due to the mixing of warm and cool fluids. In energy transfer through radiation, some energy is lost as waste heat due to absorption and reflection by the surrounding materials.

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The magnitude of electric field due to charge Q2 at point P would be 1.8 × 10⁵. N/C. The figure of the electric field vectors due to q1 and q2 at p is attached.

An electric field is a field of force that exists in the space around an electrically charged object, and can be thought of as the space around a charged object where other charged objects will experience a force due to the presence of the first charged object. The electric field is defined as the force per unit charge, and is represented mathematically as a vector field, with direction and magnitude determined by the charge distribution and the position of the test charge.

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The figure and complete question is as follows:

A) the phasor current can be found by dividing the phasor voltage by the impedance:

I = V_s / Z = 150 / (400 + j(105 * 3 x 10^-3)) = 0.375 / (1 + j0.315) A.

B)  the instantaneous current for the given circuit is:

i(t) = 0.375 * cos(105t + θ) A.

A series RL circuit connected to a voltage source with an equation of vs(t) = 150cos(ωt) (V) can be analyzed using the following steps:

(a) Phasor Current:

The phasor current can be found by dividing the phasor voltage by the impedance of the circuit. The impedance is given by Z = R + jwL, where j is the imaginary unit, R is the resistance, w is the angular frequency, and L is the inductance.

For the given circuit, R = 400 Ω, L = 3 mH = 3 x 10^-3 H, and w = 105 rad/s. The phasor voltage can be found by taking the phasor representation of the voltage source, which is given by V_s = 150 V.

So, the phasor current can be found by dividing the phasor voltage by the impedance:

I = V_s / Z = 150 / (400 + j(105 * 3 x 10^-3)) = 0.375 / (1 + j0.315) A.

(b) Instantaneous Current:

The instantaneous current can be found by taking the inverse Laplace transform of the phasor current. The inverse Laplace transform of the phasor current is given by:

i(t) = Re{I * e^j(ωt + θ)},

where Re{} denotes the real part of the expression, and θ is the phase angle of the phasor current.

So, the instantaneous current for the given circuit is:

i(t) = 0.375 * cos(105t + θ) A.

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The specific heat capacity of water is 4.184 J/g°C.

define temperature ?

Temperature is a measure of the thermal energy of a system. It reflects the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance and determines its thermal state. The common unit of temperature measurement is degree Celsius (°C) or Kelvin (K).

The temperature change depends on the heat absorbed or released in the reaction, which can be calculated using the equation q = mcΔT, where q is the heat absorbed or released, m is the mass of the substance, c is its specific heat capacity, and ΔT is the change in temperature. The specific heat capacity of water is 4.184 J/g°C. To calculate the change in temperature, we need to determine the heat absorbed or released in the reaction. However, this information is not provided, so I cannot determine the temperature change.

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If a circuit with a battery, a 2 Ω resistor, a 16 Ω resistor, and a 24 Ω resistor in series. The total current is the system is 3.3 A. The voltage drop across the 2 Ω resistor is 6.6V.

1. Voltage drop across the 2 Ω resistor

Voltage drop across the 2 Ω resistor = current through the circuit × resistance of the resistor

Voltage drop across the 2 Ω resistor = 3.3 A * 2 Ω

Voltage drop across the 2 Ω resistor = 6.6 V

2. Voltage of the battery

Let V be the voltage of the battery

V = I * (R1 + R2 + R3)

= 1.9 A * (2 Ω + 13 Ω + 27 Ω) = V

Solving for V, we find that V = 79.1 V

3. Resistance of the unknown resistor

Let R be the resistance of the unknown resistor

0.2 A * R = 100 V - 37 Ω * 0.2 A - 37 Ω * 0.2 A

Solving for R

R = 5 Ω

4. Voltage of the battery

Let V be the voltage of the battery

V = 0.6 A * 10 Ω + 0.6 A * 10 Ω

= 12 V

5. Current through the 8 Ω resistor

Current through the 8 Ω resistor = 2.8 V / 8 Ω

Current through the 8 Ω resistor = 0.35 A

6. The total resistance of a parallel circuit

1/total resistance = 1/9 Ω + 1/15 Ω + 1/27 Ω

Solving for total resistance

Total resistance = 3.33 Ω

7. Current through the battery

Current through the battery = 7.0 V / 3 Ω + 7.0 V / 12 Ω + 7.0 V / 27 Ω.

Solving for the current

Current through the battery = 2.3 A

Therefore the voltage drop across the 2 Ω resistor is 6.6V.

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Yes. The frequency distribution appear to have a normal​ distribution.

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The Brinell hardness number is calculated by the following formula Tensile Strength = 2272.3 x 7.86 = 17,982.3 N/mm²  .

The strength of an individual or a group of people is the inner capacity to achieve a desired result. It is the ability to push through difficult times and stay focused on a goal. Strength can be physical, mental, emotional, or spiritual. A strong individual is resilient, determined, and has a positive attitude. Strength may come from within, from external sources such as friends and family, or from a combination of both. It can be developed through practice and determined effort. Strength can be used in many areas of life such as problem solving, creativity, and perseverance. It can also help with dealing with stress, anxiety, and depression.

The Brinell hardness number is calculated by the following formula:

BHN = 2P/πD²

Where:

P = Load in kg

D = Diameter of indentation in mm

BHN = 2(3000)/π(3.1)² = 2272.3

The tensile strength of the steel is then estimated by the following formula:

Tensile Strength = BHN x 7.86

Tensile Strength = 2272.3 x 7.86 = 17,982.3 N/mm²  

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Current is the rate at which electrons move through a specific area of an electrical circuit. Simplest definition of current is flow. An ampere, which is pronounced "amp," is the standard measurement unit for current (AM-pir).

A power source, electric conductors and wires, a switch, and electrical load components like a lightbulb make up a basic electric circuit. There are two main categories of electrical circuits: parallel and series circuits. Electrical components are connected as a chain in series circuits.

Close Circuit, Wide Circuit, Long Circuit, Important Structural, and Parallel Circuit are the five main types of circuits. A conductive conduit of electricity or electricity has been created for each group.

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Steve's peak speed after applying a unit conversion from centimeters per second to kilometers per hour is 3.78 km/h

A unit conversion is when one unit of measurement is converted into another unit of measurement to convey the same property. For example, time can be expressed in minutes rather than hours, and miles can be converted to kilometers, feet, or any other unit of length measurement. Likewise, distance can be expressed in any unit of length measurement.

In this case, we are going to convert speed from centimeters per second to kilometers per hour.

1 centimeter per second equal to 0.036 kilometers per hour.

speed = (105.1 x 0.036) km/h

speed = 3.78 km/h

Thus, Steve’s peak speed would be 3.78 km/h

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Neglecting air resistance the direction of acceleration of a rock thrown straight upward is upward.

The acceleration of the rock as it is rising is upward. This is due to the force of gravity acting on the rock, which is constantly pulling it down toward the ground. As the rock moves upward, the force of gravity is still pulling it down, so the acceleration of the rock is also in the downward direction. However, since the rock is moving upwards, the acceleration is in the opposite direction of the force of gravity, so the acceleration of the rock is actually upward.

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The components of x and y of the vector are calculated to be 3.22 and 3.8 respectively.

Let the vector be V.

Magnitude of |V| is given as 5 units

Angle θ is given as 50°.

The magnitude of the horizontal and vertical components are gotten by the formula below,

Vx = V cosθ

Vy = V sinθ

Putting in the known values into the above equations,

Vx = 5 cos50° = 5 × 0.64 = 3.22

Vy = 5 sin50° = 5 × 0.76 = 3.8

As cos50° and sin50° lie in the first quadrant, their values are positive.

Thus, the x and y components of vector are calculated to be 3.22 and 3.8 respectively.

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Yes. Thermal energy is a type of energy that is directly related to the temperature of an object. When an object is heated, its atoms and molecules begin to move faster, which increases its temperature and its thermal energy.

Conversely, when an object is cooled, its atoms and molecules slow down, reducing its temperature and its thermal energy.

The total energy contained within an object is the sum of its internal energy, which includes thermal energy, and any other forms of energy it may contain, such as kinetic energy or potential energy. When two objects are at different temperatures, the one with the higher temperature will have more thermal energy and therefore more total energy than the one with the lower temperature.

It's important to note that thermal energy is a relative quantity. The amount of thermal energy contained in an object depends on the temperature difference between that object and some reference temperature, typically a temperature of absolute zero, which is the theoretical temperature at which all matter would have no thermal energy.

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The balanced equation for the combustion of pentanol (C5H12O) is:

C5H12O + 8O2 -> 5CO2 + 6H2O.

The equation tells us that for every 1 molecule of C5H12O that is burned, 8 molecules of oxygen are produced. So, if we want to produce 19.7 g of oxygen, we'll need 19.7 g / (16 g/mol) = 1.23 mol of O2.

Therefore, we'll need 1.23 mol / (8 mol O2/mol C5H12O) = 0.154 mol of C5H12O.

Finally, to find the mass of C5H12O,  multiply the number of moles by the molar mass: 0.154 mol * (88 g/mol) = 13.532 g of C5H12O.

So, to produce 19.7 g of oxygen, we need to weigh out 13.532 g of C5H12O.

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Since 1 inch is equivalent to 2.54 centimetres, 13.5 centimetres is equal to 5.315 inches.

What is Centimeter?

The international standard unit of length is the metre, and a centimetre (cm) is a decimal fraction of the metre that is roughly comparable to 39.37 inches.

What is inch?

An inch is a unit of length or distance in numerous measurement systems, including the US Customary Units and British Imperial Units. Since one inch is equal to 112 of a foot, it is also equal to 136 of a yard. The contemporary definition states that 25.4 mm exactly equals one inch.

What is the conversion factor and formula for centimetres to inches?

Simply multiply the centimetre number by 0.39370078740157 to convert it to an equivalent amount in inches (the conversion factor).

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Answer:

The ball was thrown from a height that can be calculated using the kinematic equation:

h = vi * t + 0.5 * a * t^2

Where:

h = height from which the ball was thrown

vi = initial vertical velocity = 0 m/s (thrown horizontally)

a = acceleration due to gravity = -9.8 m/s^2

t = time taken to hit the ground

We can use the horizontal distance traveled, d = 36.31 m, to calculate the time:

d = vi * t

t = d / vi

t = 36.31 / 29.59

Now we can use t to find h:

h = vi * t + 0.5 * a * t^2

h = 0 * t + 0.5 * (-9.8) * t^2

h = 4.8 * t^2

h = 4.8 * (36.31 / 29.59)^2

h = 10.76 m

So, the ball was thrown from a height of 10.76 m.

Explanation:

When an electron leaves the field, its vertical position is the same as when it entered the field, with yi = 0.

A subatomic particle is the electron. All atoms contain it, and its electric charge is negative. The outermost electron shell of an atom is made up of electrons, the smallest known particle. Electrons are responsible for all electrical circuits' electric current and many of the chemical properties of atoms. They also play a role in chemical, magnetic, and electrical forces and are the building blocks of matter. The Bohr radius, which is approximately 0.53 ngströms, is the standard unit of measurement for electrons because of their extremely small size.

A. The formula for the electron's electric field wavelength is = h/(2mE), where h is the Planck constant and m is the electron's mass.

As a result, the wavelength is = 6.63 x 10⁻³⁴/(2 x 9.1 x 10⁻³¹ x 200)

                                    = 1.82 x 10⁻¹⁰ m.

B. The time it takes for the electron to traverse the electric field is calculated as :

                                          t = L/u,

where L is the plate's length.

As a result, the time at which the electron leaves the field is

                     t = 0.1/3 x 10⁶

                              = 3.33 x 10⁷ s.

The electron is in the same vertical position as it was when it entered the field, yi = 0.

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The correct equation for the terminal velocity is Option A

Terminal velocity is the maximum velocity an object will attain while falling through a fluid (such as air or water) under the influence of gravity. It occurs when the sum of the drag force and buoyant force acting on the object is equal in magnitude to its weight, and the object no longer accelerates.

The terminal velocity of an object depends on its mass, size, shape, and the density of the fluid it is falling through. For example, a larger and heavier object will have a higher terminal velocity than a smaller and lighter object.

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The budget line can be graphed by plotting the two intercepts and connecting them. The two intercepts can be found by setting x2 = 0 and x1 = 0 and solving for x1 and x2 based on the budget constraint.

x1 = income / p1 = 100 / 10 = 10

x2 = income / p2 = 100 / 4 = 25

Thus, the two intercepts are (10, 0) and (0, 25). The slope of the line is -p2/p1 = -4/10 = -2/5.

To find the optimal choice of x1, we need to find the utility-maximizing combination of x1 and x2. The utility function given is U(x1,x2) = (x1)^1/4(x2)^3/4. We can use this to find the marginal utility of each good, and set them equal to each other to find the optimal combination of the two goods.

MUx1/MUx2 = Px1/Px2 = 10/4

x1/x2 = 10/4

x2 = 4x1/10

Substituting this expression for x2 into the budget constraint:

p1x1 + p2(4x1/10) = income

10x1 + 4(4x1/10) = 100

10x1 + 1.6x1 = 100

11.6x1 = 100

x1 = 100/11.6 = 8.62

Thus, the consumer chooses to buy 8.62 units of good 1 when maximizing utility.

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If a moon that looks half full is on its way to increasing into a full moon, it is called a waxing quarter.

The lunar phase or moon phase refers to the shape of the moon appearing as directly sunlit portion as viewed from the Earth. It is expressed quantitatively using areas or angles, and qualitatively using the terminology of the four major phases and four minor phases.

The four major phases are new moon, first quarter, full moon and third quarter. The four minor phases are crescent, gibbous, waxing, and waning. The quarter moon phase is also called half-moon phase the moon it half of the moon is lit by sunlight. Waxing moon refers to the phase when the moon is increasing to becoming a full moon. Hence, if a moon that looks half full is on its way to increasing into a full moon, it is called a waxing quarter.

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Graphs of velocity-time with constant velocity are Case 1 (zero acceleration)

Velocity-time graphs with constant acceleration are Case 2.

Case 3: Acceleration graphs of increasing velocity.

Graphs of velocity-time with constant velocity are Case 1 (zero acceleration).

In a velocity-time graph where time is represented by the X-axis and velocity is represented by the Y-axis, the velocity is constant when:

The velocity is constant (c), as seen on the graph, throughout the time period.

The velocity of matter particles will always be c at every instant, regardless of how much time passes. Since the initial velocity was assumed to be positive in this instance.

When the initial velocity is negative, the graph will change.

A particle's velocity will remain constant over time if its acceleration is zero (zero), which is equivalent to a constant speed of 5 m/s at time zero.

Graphs of velocity-time with constant acceleration in Case 2

The equation states that the particle's starting velocity will rise linearly as the acceleration is constant (positive) and positive.

v = u + at

U = 0 and v = at

The particle will move at a linear rate with respect to time, as depicted in the image. You can determine how much acceleration there is by looking at the graph's slope.

Example: The starting velocity is zero and grows linearly if a particle's acceleration is constant (k) and positive. You may determine the acceleration by looking at the velocity-time graph's slope.

Case 3: Acceleration graphs of increasing velocity

The equation: v = u + at predicts that the velocity-time graph will be a curve when the acceleration is increasing with time.

as v= at because u = 0

Because acceleration depends on time, the velocity-time graph will be a curve.

It should be noted that while the acceleration keeps rising with time, so too will the slope's size.

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The power that dissipated in the ground is 800MW.

Resistance is the opposition that a material or device offers to the flow of electric current, usually expressed in ohms. Resistance is a key element in the operation of electrical circuits and electronic devices, as it is used to regulate the amount of current in a circuit. The pace at which electrical energy is transported over an electric circuit is known as power. The power dissipated in the ground can be calculated using Ohm's law (P = I²R), where P is the power, I is the current, and R is the resistance. In this case, the power dissipated in the ground is equal to

P=  (20 000 A)² × (2 Ω) = 800 000 000 W ( [tex]800 MW[/tex]).

This means that the lightning strike will dissipate 800 MW of power into the ground.

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No, the two cars are not traveling in the same direction when they pass each other as one is moving upwards while the other is moving downwards.

When two cars pass each other, they are traveling in opposite directions. Because the cars are moving at various speeds, they will cover varying distances. Despite travelling at the same pace and in the opposite directions, the two cars have different velocity. The difference between the individual speeds of two moving objects determines their relative speed. The total of the individual speeds of two objects moving in opposition determines their relative speed. However, stopping distances vary based on the weather and your speed of travel. The stopping distance will grow as you drive faster and the road becomes more slick.

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complete question: The cars travel on the parallel lanes of two-lane road. The cars position is represented by the position versus time graph shown in the figure.

Are the two cars traveling in the same direction when they pass each other?

The length of the pendulum in cm when period is given is calculated to be 14 cm.

The period of pendulum is given as 0.755 s.

The length of the pendulum is to be found out.

We know the expression for time period as,

T = 2π √(l/g)

where,

T is time period

l is length

g is acceleration due to gravity

The value of g is 9.81 m/s².

Making l as subject, we have,

T = 2π √(l/g)

T/2π = √(l/g)

√(l/g) = T/2π

l/g = T²/4π²

Length of the pendulum l = (T²×g)/4π² = (0.755² × 9.81)/4π² = (0.57× 9.81)/39.44 = 5.59/39.44 = 0.14 m = 14 cm

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The same axis theorem, which was developed by Christiaan Huygens & Jakob Steiner and is often known as the Huygens-Steiner theorem or simply as Steiner's theorem, can be applied.

What does the parallel axis theorem imply?

By using the object's center of gravity, the parallel column theorem can be used to rotational inertia of an area of a solid body whose direction is parallel of the known minute body.

What do the concepts of parallel and perpendicular axes theorems mean?

The parallel line theorem states that a body's time of inertia about any shaft is equal to the product of its inertial moment about its parallel axis through its center of gravity, its mass, and also the cube of the perpendiculars between its two axes.

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After the block is released from x = A, it will move to the left until it reaches x = -A and then begin to move to the right. This motion will continue back and forth until the block comes to rest due to frictional forces or other damping mechanisms.

This refers to a block that is initially released from a position x = A and is subject to a restoring force. The restoring force is proportional to the displacement from the equilibrium position and acts in the opposite direction. When the block is released from x = A, it will experience a net force towards the left and will start moving to the left until it reaches the equilibrium position x = -A. At this point, the net force acting on the block will be zero and it will come to rest. But as the block is displaced slightly to the left or right of the equilibrium position, it will experience a net force in the opposite direction and start moving back towards x = -A. This motion will continue back and forth until the block comes to rest due to frictional forces or other damping mechanisms.

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The velocity of the truck is 5m/s.

Given:

m1 = 3000 (mass of truck)

m2 = 1000 (mass of car)

u1 = 10m/s( initial velocity of truck)

u2=0 (initial velocity of the car)

v1 =  ? (final velocity of the truck )

v2 = =15m/s (final velocity of the car)

The momentum of the system initially,

pi=m1u1+m2u2

[tex]pi = 3000 * 10 + 1000 * 0\\pi = 30000 + 0\\pi=30000[/tex]

We know that pi = pf

m1u1+m2u2=m1v1+m2v2

[tex]30000=3000v1+15000[/tex]

[tex]3000v1=30000-150003000v1=15000v1=15000/3000v1=5m/s[/tex]

What is conservation of momentum?

The conservation of momentum states that, within some problem domain, the amount of momentum remains constant; momentum is neither created nor destroyed, but only changed through the action of forces as described by Newton's laws of motion.

What is the formula law of conservation of momentum?

As a result, the equation of the law of conservation of momentum is as follows: m 1 u 1 +m 2 u 2 represents the total momentum of particles A and B before the collision, and m 1 v 1 +m 2 v 2 represents the total momentum of particles A and B after the collision.

To know more about the conservation of momentum:

https://brainly.com/question/7538238

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