Hybrid cars are touted as a "green" alternative; however,the financial aspects of hybrid ownership are not as clear. Consider the 2018 Edsel 550h, which had a list price of $5200 (including tax consequences) more than the comparable Edsel550. Additionally, the annual ownership costs ( other than fuel) for the hybrid were expected to be $330 more than the traditional sedan. The EPA mileage estimates was 27 mpg for the hybris and 19mpg for the hybrid and 19 mpg for the traditional sedan.
A. Assume that gasoline costs $3.60 per gallon and you plan to keep either car for six years. How many miles per year would you need to drive to make the decision to buy the hybrid worthwhile, ignoring the time value of money?
B. If you drive 15,500 miles per year and keep either car for six years, what price per gallon would make the decision to buy the hybrid worthwhile, ignoring the time value of money?
C. Gasoline costs $3.60 per gallon and you plan to keep either car for six years. How many miles per year would you need to drive to make the decision to buy the hybrid worthwhile? Assume the appropriate interest rate is 10 percent and all cash flows occur at the end of the year.
D. If you drive 15,500 miles per year and keep either car for six years, what price per gallon would make the decision to buy the hybrid worthwhile? Assume the appropriate interest rate is 10 percent and all cash flows occur at the end of the year.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

a)

the hybrid model initially costs $5,200 more than the regular model, plus you have another $330 in extra ownership costs per year. If you plan to own the hybrid car for 6 years, then you must recoup $5,200 / 6 = $866.67 + $330 = $1,196.67 per year.

the cost of driving 1 mile with the hybrid car = $3.60 / 27 = $0.1333

the cost of driving 1 mile with the regular model = $3.60 / 19 = $0.1895

you will save = $0.0562 per mile driven

you would need to drive $1,196.67 / $0.0562 = 21,293 miles per year to make the decision worth it

b)

if you only drive 15,500 miles per year, then you would need to save $0.0772 per mile

that would only result if gasoline's price was:

x/19 - x/27 = 0.0772

0.0526x - 0.037x = 0.0772

0.0156x = 0.0772

x = 0.0772 / 0.0156 = $4.95 per gallon

c)

you must first determine the present value of all additional expenses related to purchasing a hybrid:

year         cash flow

0                -5,200

1                 -330

2                -330

3                -330

4                -330

5                -330

6                -330

Using a financial calculator, the PV = -$6,637.24

now we must use an annuity formula to determine the annual savings required using a 10% discount rate and 6 periods:

annual savings = $6,637.24 / 4.3553 (PV annuity factor, 10%,  6 periods) = $1,523.95

so you must save $1,523.95 per year and that is equivalent to $1,523.95 / $0.0562 = 27,116.47 = 27,116 miles

d)

you also need to save $1,523.95, but you only drive 15,500 miles, so the savings per mile = $0.0983

x/19 - x/27 = 0.0983

0.0526x - 0.037x = 0.0983

0.0156x = 0.0983

x = 0.0983 / 0.0156 = $6.30 per gallon


Related Questions

If there were 50000 pounds of raw materials on hand on January 1, 140000 pounds are desired for inventory at January 31, and 530000 pounds are required for January production, how many pounds of raw materials should be purchased in January?

Answers

Answer:

620,000 pounds

Explanation:

The computation of the number of pounds required raw material purchased in Jan is shown below:

Pounds of raw materials purchased is

= Pounds of material required for production + Desired Ending Inventory - Beginning Inventory

= 530,000 pounds + 140,000 pounds - 50,000 pounds

= 620,000 pounds

Hence, the number of pounds to be purchased is 620,000 pounds

The accountant for Flagger Company prepared the following list of account balances from the company’s records for the year ended December 31:
Fees earned $165,000 Cash $30,000
Accounts receivable 14,000 Selling expenses 44,000
Equipment 42,000 Common stock 36,000
Accounts payable 12,000 Interest income 3,000
Salaries & wages expense 40,000 Rent expense 51,000
Income taxes payable 5,000 Prepaid Rent 2,000
Notes payable 20,000 Income taxes expense18,000
Prepare an income statement for Flagger Company in good form.
Flagger Company
Income Statement
For the Year Ended December 31
Revenues:
Accounts receivable $
Cash $
Expenses:
Rent expense $
Selling expenses
Salary and wages expense
Income taxes expense
Total expenses
Net income or loss $

Answers

Answer:

Net operating income $15,000

Explanation:

Flagger Company

Income statement for the year ended , 31 December

Fee earned

165,000

Less : Operating expenses

Salaries and wages 40,000

Rent expense. 51,000

(91,000)

Gross profit.

74,000

Less: Selling expense.

(44,000)

Profit before interest and tax.

30,000

Less interest expense.

(18,000)

12,000

Add: Interest income.

3,000

Net operating income.

15,000

Successful advertising can increase demand across a wide spectrum of consumers, but it happens unevenly. Some consumers respond more dramatically than others to advertising. This explains the change in ________ of the demand curve that occurs after an advertising campaign.

Answers

Answer:

Elasticity.

Explanation:

Successful advertising can increase demand across a wide spectrum of consumers, but it happens unevenly. Some consumers respond more dramatically than others to advertising. This explains the change in elasticity of the demand curve that occurs after an advertising campaign. Thus, the more responsive consumers are to an advert, the more elastic the consumer demand is for the successful advertising technique used by the firm.

​Jack's Toys sells kites for $35 each. Variable costs are per kite. Fixed costs are per month. What is the contribution margin ratio for the​ kites?

Answers

Answer:

contribution margin ratio= (selling price - unitary variable cost) / selling price

Explanation:

We weren't provided with enough information to calculate the contribution margin ratio, but, I will provide the formula and an example to guide an answer.

To calculate the contribution margin ratio, we need to use the following formula:

contribution margin ratio= (selling price - unitary variable cost) / selling price

For example:

Selling price= $35

Unitary variable cost= 23

contribution margin ratio= (35 - 23)/35

contribution margin ratio= 0.34

The cash cycle measures the days required to produce finished goods or delivered services. true/false

Answers

Answer: False

Explanation:

The cash cycle is also referred to as the cash conversion cycle and it is used to know the number of days it'll take companies to turn raw materials into making money.

It is the timeframe from buying raw materials for production purpose till the moment the product that was made is being sold and money gotten from the sale.

Suppose that the dollar cost of producing x radios is c(x) = 800 + 40x - 0.2x2. Find the marginal cost when radios are produced.

Answers

Answer:

MC = 40 – 0.4x

Explanation:

Given the cost of producing the radio, C(X) = 800 + 40x – 0.2x^2

Now we have to find the marginal cost from the total cost. Since we know that the marginal cost can be derived from the total cost by taking the differentiation of total cost function with respect to x. therefore, below is the calculation of marginal cost.

C(X) = 800 + 40x – 0.2x^2

MC = d(c)/dx = 40 – 0.4x

MC = 40 – 0.4x

Suppose that the risk-free rate is 5% and that the market risk premium is 7%. What is the required return on (1) the market, (2) a stock with a beta of 1.0, and (3) a stock with a beta of 1.7? Ehrhardt, Michael C.. Corporate Finance: A Focused Approach (p. 286). Cengage Learning. Kindle Edition.

Answers

Answer:

1.

r market = 0.12 or 12%

2.

r stock = 0.12 or 12%

3.

r Stock = 0.169 or 16.9%

Explanation:

The required rate of return can be calculated using the CAPM or Capital asset pricing model equation. The formula for required rate of return under this model is,

r = rRF + Beta * rpM

Where,

rRF is the risk free raterpM is the risk premium on marketr represents the required rate of return

1.

The beta of the market is always considered to be 1. Thus, the required rate of return on market would be,

r market = 0.05 + 1 * 0.07

r market = 0.12 or 12%

2.

For a stock whose beta is 1.0, the required rate of return would be same as that for market. So, the required rate of return for a stock with a beta of 1.0 is,

r Stock = 0.05 + 1 * 0.07

r Stock = 0.12 or 12%

3.

The required rate of return for a stock with a beta of 1.7 is,

r Stock = 0.05 + 1.7 * 0.07

r Stock = 0.169 or 16.9%

Which of the following would be least likely to be considered a managerial accounting report?
A. a report to analyze potential efficiencies and savings for the purchase of new production equipment
B. a schedule of total manufacturing costs incurred
C. a statement of cost of goods manufactured
D. a statement of stockholders’ equity

Answers

Answer: a statement of stockholders’ equity

Explanation:

Out of the options that are given, the ones that are likely to be considered a managerial accounting report are a report to analyze potential efficiencies and savings for the purchase of new production equipment, a schedule of total manufacturing costs incurred and a statement of cost of goods manufactured.

Therefore, the least likely to be considered will be a statement of stockholders’ equity.

If you can buy a single paper towel roll for $1.99 or 24 rolls of paper towels for $12.99, what is this an example of?

Answers

Answer: c) Second Degree Price Discrimination

Explanation:

The company selling the paper towels is reducing the price per quantity as more quantities are added.

This is an example of Second Degree Price Discrimination . Here the seller sells different quantities at different prices with higher quantities usually getting lower prices as a result of trade discounts the goal of which is to encourage more sales as opposed to less.

For instance, you could pay $50 a month for gym but be charged $7 if you just want to use it for a day.

The idea behind the Kanban system is to authorize materials for production only if there is a need for them.a) trueb) false

Answers

Answer: True

Explanation:

Kanban is a Lean tool that is designed in order to reduce idle time that occurs during production. The Kanban system was put in place to remove wastages so that what the process needs will be delivered exactly when they are needed.

The idea behind the Kanban system is to authorize materials for production only if there is a need for them.

Bill jones inherited 5000 shares of stock priced at $50 per share. he does not want to sell the stock this year due to tax reasons but he is concerned that the stock will drop in value before year-end. Bill wants to buy put at $40 strike and sell calls at $50 strike to establish a collar to protect his inheritance. January call options with a strike of $50 are quoted at a cost of $2, and January puts with a $40 exercise price are quoted at a cost of $3. If Bill establishes the collar and the stock price winds up at $35 in January, Bill's net position value including the option profit or loss is _____
a. $195,000
b. $220,000
c. $175,000
d. $215,000

Answers

Answer:

a. $195,000

Explanation:

call strike price $50

call premium received $2

put strike price $40

put premium paid $3

you pay $2 - $3 = -$1

stock value                           $35              

put value                                $5              

call value                                 -                  

premium paid                        -$1                

net stock value                     $39              

total # of stocks                 5,000          

portfolio's value             $195,000    

Products such as steel, bulk chemicals, and industrial electronics do not require much differentiation because the taste and preference for these products is similar all around the world. These products are examples of g

Answers

Answer:

universal needs.

Explanation:

Universal needs products are those that do not require much differentiation because they are products that will generally become other products, that is, steel, bulk chemicals and industrial electronics are used all over the world to build other essential products in the world whole, such as industrial equipment, household appliances, means of transport, etc.

If the Open Market Purchase is $1 billion by approximately how much will the supply of Money increase

Answers

Answer: $10 billion

Explanation:

Increase in the money supply can be calculated by multiplying the injection of cash into the economy by the Money Multiplier which is calculated as;

= 1/ reserve ratio

Reserve ratio = 10%

Money Multiplier = 1 / 10%

= 10

The money supply will therefore increase by;

= 1,000,000,000 * 10

= $10,000,000,000

= $10 billion

What is NOT a major purpose of orientation and socialization? Reducing stress and anxiety Reducing employee benefits Reducing start-up costs Reducing employee turnover

Answers

Answer:  Reducing employee benefits

Explanation:

When a new employee is added to the company, it is best to give them and orientation as well as to encourage other employees who have been there longer to talk to them. This can be beneficial to the employee because it will help them settle into the job faster, thus giving them more confidence to be able to overcome the stress an anxiety that may come with starting a new job.

It is also beneficial to the company as the employee will learn skills needed to survive in the job. This will reduce wastage that may accrue due to a lack of knowledge on the part of the employee of job procedure.

With the above two contributing to making the employee feel more comfortable as well as able to do their jobs, employees will have less reason to leave the job thereby reducing employee turnover.

Orientation and Socialization will not reduce employee benefits and so it is not a major purpose of the activity.

Gardiner, Inc. reported a retained earnings balance of $190,000 at December 31, 2024. In June 2025, Gardiner discovered that merchandise costing $20,000 had not been included as ending inventory in its 2024 financial statements. Also, a $50,000 accrued revenue was omitted on 12/31/24. Gardiner has a 20% tax rate. Assuming the correcting journal entry net of tax was recorded, what amount should Gardiner report as adjusted beginning retained earnings in its statement of retained earnings for year ended December 31, 2025?

Answers

Answer: $246,000

Explanation:

Merchandise costing $20,000 had been omitted from the Ending Inventory.

Ending inventory is deducted from Cost of Goods sold which means that the Cost of Goods sold was overstated by $20,000.

Cost of Goods sold are subtracted from sales to find Gross Income so if it was overstated then Income was understated by $20,000.

Accrued Revenue is to be added to Income so if it was omitted then income was understated by $50,000.

Income in total was therefore understated by = 20,000 + 50,000

= $70,000

The correcting entry is net of tax so;

= 70,000 * ( 1 - 20%)

= $56,000

Retained earnings will therefore be;

= 190,000 + 56,000

= $246,000

A team integrates and tests the Stories on the last day of the Iteration. This has become a pattern for the last three Iterations. Why is this considered an anti-pattern? g

Answers

Answer: Because the team is waterfalling the iteration

Explanation:

The options to the question are:

a. Because the team consistently meets their commitments, and the Product Owner accepts the stories

b. Because the team is waterfalling the iteration

c. Because the team demonstrates the full stories to the product owner during the iteration review.

d. Because it is difficult to manage dependencies with other teams.

An anti-pattern is a pattern that show that a particular idea will be ineffective, risky and can create further havoc.

Therefore, based on the scenario that a team integrates and tests the stories on the last day of the Iteration which has become a pattern for the last three Iterations.

This is an anti pattern because the team is waterfalling the iteration since the stories are tested on the last day therefore it'll be hard for any adjustments to be made.

Employees in engineering and marketing divisions often disagree with each other about how to achieve targets mainly because they have unique backgrounds, experiences, and training. The most apparent source of conflict here is

Answers

Answer: differentiation

Explanation:

From the question, we are informed that employees in engineering and marketing divisions often disagree with each other about how to achieve targets mainly because they have unique backgrounds, experiences, and training.

The above source of conflict is due to differentiation. The differentiation is as a result of them not working in thesame divisions hence, they see things differently and not in the same way.

The stock of Big Joe's has a beta of 1.40 and an expected return of 12.10 percent. The risk-free rate of return is 4.6 percent. What is the expected return on the market?

Answers

Answer:

5.403%

Explanation:

Calculation for the expected return on the market

Using this formula

Expected return =(Expected return-Risk-free rate of return)/Stock beta +Risk-free rate of return

Where,

Expected return=12.10%

Risk-free rate of return=4.6%

Stock beta =1.40%

Let plug in the formula

Expected return =(0.121-0.046)/0.014+0.046

Expected return =0.075/0.014+0.046

Expected return=5.357+0.046

Expected return =5.403%

Therefore the expected return on the market will be =5.403

Data related to the inventories of Alpine Ski Equipment and Supplies is presented below: Skis Boots Apparel Supplies Selling price $ 160,000 $ 169,000 $ 107,000 $ 71,000 Cost 130,000 138,000 74,900 46,150 Replacement cost 120,000 119,000 111,000 42,150 Sales commission 10 % 10 % 10 % 10 % In applying the lower of cost or net realizable value rule, the inventory of apparel would be valued at:

Answers

Answer:

Alpine Ski Equipment and Supplies

In applying the lower of cost or net realizable value rule, the inventory of apparel would be valued at:

$74,900

Explanation:

a) Data and Calculations:

Inventories of Alpine Ski Equipment and Supplies:

                                        Skis           Boots         Apparel        Supplies

Selling price             $ 160,000    $ 169,000     $ 107,000     $ 71,000

Cost                             130,000        138,000         74,900        46,150

Replacement cost      120,000         119,000         111,000        42,150

Sales commission             10 %              10 %             10 %            10 %

Net realizable value $144,000       $152,100      $96,300    $63,900

Lower of cost or NRV $130,000   $138,000       $74,900     $46,150

b) Alpine Ski Equipment and Supplies applies the lower of cost or market rule by recording the cost of inventory at the lower of the original cost or its net realizable value.   In all the product categories, the costs are lower than the net realizable values.  To get the net realizable value for each product category, we deduct the sales commissions from their respective selling prices.

As a part of the internal control over cash receipts by​ mail, the mailroom sends both the customer checks and the remittance advices to the accounting department.
a) true
b) false

Answers

Answer: False

Explanation:

From the question, we are informed that as a part of the internal control over cash receipts by​ mail, the mailroom sends both the customer checks and the remittance advices to the accounting department. This is not true.

It should be noted that the customer checks and the remittance advices are sent to the cashier and not the accounting department

When do many companies expect to have a net loss? (Select three answers)
a. after they break even

b. when they have a gross profit

c. when they are first getting established

d. before they start having operating expenses​

Answers

Answer:

C- When they are first getting established

Explanation:

Edge 2022

The estimated direct labor cost for February is closest to: Multiple Choice $456,000 $28,652 $253,460 $658,996

Answers

This question is incomplete, the complete question is;

Petrini Corporation makes one product and it provided the following information to help prepare the master budget for the next four months of operations: The budgeted selling price per unit is $110. Budgeted unit sales for January, February, March, and April are 7,500, 10,600, 12,000, and 11,700 units, respectively. All sales are on credit. Regarding credit sales, 30% are collected in the month of the sale and 70% in the following month. The ending finished goods inventory equals 30% of the following month's sales. The ending raw materials inventory equals 10% of the following month’s raw materials production needs. Each unit of finished goods requires 5 pounds of raw materials. The raw materials cost $4.00 per pound. Regarding raw materials purchases, 40% are paid for in the month of purchase and 60% in the following month. The direct labor wage rate is $23.00 per hour. Each unit of finished goods requires 2.6 direct labor-hours. Manufacturing overhead is entirely variable and is $8.00 per direct labor-hour. The variable selling and administrative expense per unit sold is $1.70. The fixed selling and administrative expense per month is $70,000.

The estimated direct labor cost for February is closest to: Multiple Choice $456,000 $28,652 $253,460 $658,996

Answer: The estimated direct labor cost for February is closest to D) $658,996.

Explanation:

Estimated direct labor cost for February =

Production units in February  × Direct labor hours for each finished goods unit × Direct labor wage rate per hour

Ef  = 11020 units × 2.6 labor hours per unit ×$23 per direct labor hour

Ff= $658,996

Also

Where Production units in February = February sales units + Ending finished goods units - Beginning finished goods units

Pf = 10600 units + (12000 units*30%) - (10600 units*30%)

Pf = 10600 units+3600 units-3180 units

Pf  = 11020 units

A corporation originally issued $13 par value common stock for $15 per share. Which of the following is included in the entry to record the purchase of 300 shares of treasury stock for $11 per share?
A. Treasury Stock-Common is debited for $3,300.
B. Treasury Stock-Cormmon is debited for $1,650.
C. Retained Earnings is debited for $1,660.
D. Treasury Stock-Common is oodied for $46.

Answers

Answer:

A. Treasury Stock-Common is debited for $3,300.

Explanation:

Cost of the treasury stock purchased = 300 shares of treasury stock * $11  per share

Cost of the treasury stock purchased = $3,300

There is no nation involved in global trade that still maintains a fixed value of their currency relative to a key currency or gold
a. true
b. false

Answers

Answer:

a. true

Explanation:

Gold is a currency that is the free market system that will fluctuate tp the form of exchange and no country in international trade can maintain a fixed value of its currency relative to the key currency though they can trade gold in multiple ways and can participate in price movements.

Ben Gordon, Inc. manufactures 2 products, wheels and seats. The company has estimated its overhead in the assembling department to be $420000. The company produces 300000 wheels and 600000 seats each year. Each wheel uses 2 parts, and each seat uses 3 parts. How much of the assembly overhead should be allocated to wheels?

Answers

Answer:

$41,250

Explanation:

Given the following :

Total estimated overhead = $420,000

Number of wheels produced = 300,000 ; uses 2 Parts

Number of seats produced = 600,000 ; uses 3 parts

Number of wheels * part = (300,000 * 2) = 600,000

Number of seats * part = (600,000 * 3) = 1,800,000

Total = 600,000 + 1,800,000 = 2,400,000

Allocated overhead for wheels :

[wheels total / (wheels total + seat total)] * estimated overhead

(600,000 / 2,400,000) * $165,000

0.25 * $165,000

= $41,250

Given a stock with a beta of 1.2, risk free rate of 4%, and a market return of 10%, calculate the required return.

Answers

Answer: 11.2%

Explanation:

The required return of this stock can be calculated using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) which is expressed as follows;

Required return = Risk free rate + beta ( Market return - risk free rate)

= 4% + 1.2 ( 10% - 4%)

= 11.2%

which of the following is not a common type of meeting?

standing
planning
running
problem solving

Answers

Answer:

running is the answer for your question

Porter Inc's stock has an expected return of 10.75%, a beta of 1.25, and is in equilibrium. If the risk-free rate is 5%, what is the expected market risk premium

Answers

Answer:

the expected market risk premium is 4.6%

Explanation:

The computation of the expected market risk premium is shown below:

As we know that

Expected rate of return = Risk free rate of return + beta × market risk premium

10.75% = 5% + 1.25 × market risk premium

5.75% = 1.25  × market risk premium

So, the market risk premium is

= 5.75% ÷ 1.25

= 4.6%

hence, the expected market risk premium is 4.6%

we simply applied the above formula

What are the two methods used to translate financial statements and how does the functional currency play a role in determining which method is used? Provide academic support in your response.

Answers

Answer:

The two methods of translating financial statements are the current rate method/closing rate method and the temporal method

Explanation:

Functional currency simply means the main currency used by a business. it could also be defined as the primary currency used in the economic environment in which a business operates as in where it generates most of its cash and also spends it

Functional currency determines to a large extent the method used in translation of financial statements. When there is no difference between local currency and foreign currency, current rate method is used and vice versa for temporal rate method

please find attached from Advanced Accounting

Hoyle, J., Schaefer, T., & Doupnik, T. (2015)

On the income statement of a merchandising company, interest income and interest expense are reported:

Answers

Answer: B. As separate items of other income and expense below the net operating income or loss

Explanation:

In a Merchandising company, the main revenue stream is not from interest revenue so when income from interest is received, it is not recorded with the normal revenue so as not to overstate revenue from operations. It will instead be recorded after the net operating income in the other income and expense section.

The same goes for finance costs such interest expenses. Income tax expense is also recorded here.

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