how to calculate percent error chemistry

Answer:

Opposite charges attract both within the same atom and between atoms.

Explanation:

Hope this helps :)

The Lewis symbol consists of two dots representing electrons surrounding the chemical symbol for oxygen (O). This represents the distribution of electrons in the O2- ion, where oxygen has gained two electrons to form a negative ion.

The Lewis symbol for O2- would be:

O

. .

Lewis symbol is a simple representation of the electron configuration of an atom. It is named after the chemist Gilbert N. Lewis who first introduced this notation in 1916.

Lewis symbol consists of the chemical symbol for the element surrounded by dots representing the valence electrons of the atom. The number of dots is equal to the number of valence electrons in the neutral atom.

These dots are arranged in pairs to represent the electrons in the chemical bonds between atoms. By convention, the dots are placed on the side of the symbol that corresponds to the side of the bond that the electron is approaching.

Learn more about Lewis symbol here: brainly.com/question/20300458

#SPJ1

Since it is created in the first step and used up in the second, Clo (g) is the reaction intermediate. O 3 (g)+O (g)2O 2 is the overall reaction (g)

What is reaction intermediate?

A reaction intermediate, also known as an intermediate, is a molecular entity that is created from the reactants (or previous intermediates) in chemical reactions that take place in steps and have several elementary steps. Although they represent the end result of one elementary step's reaction, intermediates do not appear in the chemical equation for the whole chemical equation. According to the IUPAC Gold Book, an intermediate is a substance that is generated (directly or indirectly) from the reactants and undergoes additional reactions to give rise to (either directly or indirectly) the products of a chemical process. Its lifetime exceeds that of a molecular vibration.

To learn more about reaction intermediate visit;

https://brainly.com/question/2548204

#SPJ4

Orange = Blue, Green = Red, Blue = Orange, and Red = Green in a solution that takes on the appearance of the hue provided. Orange Green Blue Red

The wavelengths that are reflected or transmitted create the colors we perceive. For instance, a red garment appears red because the fabric's dye molecules have absorbed light waves from the violet/blue end of the spectrum.

Since light is energy, the more light the thing takes in, the more heat is taken in. Black is the color that absorbs the greatest heat, if color is a thing. All light's wavelengths are absorbed and none are reflected by a dark object. White objects, on the other hand, reflect all light wavelengths and hence absorb the least heat.

To know more about color absorbed visit:

https://brainly.com/question/30654395

#SPJ4

The models of the isotopes are shown below.

To draw a model of an isotope, you can represent the nucleus of an atom as a sphere and use colored balls to represent the protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Here are the steps to draw a model of the isotope of an element:

Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in the isotope. You can find this information from a periodic table or an atomic database.

Draw a sphere to represent the nucleus of the atom.

Use red balls to represent the protons and place them inside the sphere. The number of protons is equal to the atomic number of the element and determines the element's identity.

Use blue balls to represent the neutrons and place them inside the sphere. The number of neutrons can vary in isotopes of the same element.

Use electron shells to represent the electron clouds surrounding the nucleus. Electrons are represented by small, dark spheres and are placed in shells at a certain distance from the nucleus.

Label the isotope with the atomic number, atomic mass, and the number of neutrons.

Learn more about Isotope:https://brainly.com/question/11680817

#SPJ1

The number of moles of phosphoric acid is  0.35 moles

A kidney stone is a hard, solid mass that forms in the kidneys or urinary tract. Kidney stones are made up of minerals and salts that are normally found in the urine, but when they become concentrated, they can form solid crystals that can grow in size.

Kidney stones can vary in size and shape, and can be as small as a grain of sand or as large as a golf ball. They can be located anywhere in the urinary tract, from the kidneys to the bladder, and can cause significant pain and discomfort as they pass through the ureters and urethra.

The reaction equation is;

3Ca(NO3)2 + 2H3PO4 → Ca3(PO4)2 + 6HNO3

Number of moles of calcium nitrate = 85 g/164 g/mol

= 0.52 moles

If 3 moles of Ca(NO3)2 reacts with 2 moles of H3PO4

0.52 moles of Ca(NO3)2 reacts with 0.52 * 2/3

= 0.35 moles

Learn more about kidney stones:https://brainly.com/question/29473472

#SPJ1

During one cycle, the sodium potassium pump binds and moves 3 Na⁺ out of and 2K⁺ into the cell. Option B is correct.

The sodium-potassium pump is an essential membrane protein that helps to maintain the electrochemical gradient across the cell membrane of all animal cells. In each cycle of the pump, three sodium ions (Na+) are pumped out of the cell, while two potassium ions (K+) are pumped into the cell.

This movement of the ions will requires energy in the form of ATP hydrolysis. The resulting electrochemical gradient is important for various cellular processes, including nerve impulse transmission, muscle contraction, and osmoregulation.

Hence, B. 3 Na⁺ out of and 2K⁺ into the cell is the correct option.

To know more about sodium potassium pump here

https://brainly.com/question/8507057

#SPJ4

--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is

"During one cycle, the sodium potassium pump binds and moves; a) 2 Na⁺ into and 2 K⁺ out of the cell b)3 Na⁺ out of and 2K⁺ into the cell c)2 Na⁺ out of and 3 K⁺ into the cell d) 1 Na⁺ into and 2 K⁺ out of the cell e) 3 Na⁺ into and 3 K⁺ out of the cell"--

The basic sugar glucose has the chemical formula C6H12O6. In terms of an empirical formula, CH2O represents glucose.

The empirical formula for a compound represents the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in the compound.

As per the details provided in the above given question,

To determine the empirical formula of glucose, we need to divide the subscripts in the molecular formula by the greatest common factor (GCF) of those subscripts.

The subscripts of C6H12O6 can be divided by 6 to get the simplest whole-number ratio:

C6H12O6 ÷ 6

Further we get,

= CH2O

Therefore, the empirical formula for glucose is CH2O.

For such more question on glucose

https://brainly.com/question/397060

#SPJ4

Scientist study determines air bubbles trapped in ice and tree rings air temperature at the time it was formed.

Option B and C are correct.

Climate climatology is the study of how climate changes over time. The atmospheric factors that influence weather patterns and temperature variations over time are better understood thanks to this research.

They make it possible to connect rocks from different places, which is important when making geological maps, looking for oil or gas, and building big civil engineering projects. The fossils' ages revealed when the ocean was extremely cold. By finding cold-water foraminifera of the same age in other seas, scientists can create maps that show where cold water was at various points in Earth's history.

Incomplete question :

Which do scientists study to determine air temperature at the time it was formed? Select the two correct answers.

A.Fossilized pollen

B.air bubbles trapped in ice

C.tree rings

D.chemical isotopes in foraminifera shells

Learn more about fossilized pollen :

brainly.com/question/14242963

#SPJ1

Taking into account the reaction stoichiometry and the definition of ideal gas law, 46.782 grams of Na was needed to react completely with 15.8 liters of chlorine gas at 303 Kelvin and 1.60 atmospheres

In first place, the balanced reaction is:

2 Na + Cl₂ → 2 NaCl

By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:

The molar mass of the compounds is:

By reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:

An ideal gas is a theoretical gas composed of a set of point particles with random displacement, which do not interact with each other.

The pressure, P, the temperature, T, and the volume, V, of an ideal gas, are related by the ideal gas law:

P×V = n×R×T

Where:

In this case, you know:

Replacing in the ideal gas law:

1.6 atm×15.8 L = n×0.082 (atmL)÷(molK)× 303 K

Solving:

[1.6 atm×15.8 L]÷ [0.082 (atmL)÷(molK)× 303 K]= n

1.017 moles= n

1.017 moles of Cl₂ react.

The following rule of three can be applied: If by reaction stoichiometry 1 mole of Cl₂ reacts with 46 grams of Na, 1.017 moles of Cl₂ reacts with how much mass of Na?

mass of Na=

mass of Na= (1.017 moles of Cl₂× 46 grams of Na)÷1 moles of Cl₂

mass of Na= 46.782 grams

Finally, 46.782 grams of Na are required.

Learn more about the reaction stoichiometry:

brainly.com/question/24741074

#SPJ1

The gas that would deviate the least from ideal gas behavior is Ne (Neon).

Neon is a noble gas and has no permanent dipole-dipole interactions, making it behave most like an ideal gas.Neon is a diatomic molecule, meaning it is composed of two atoms, and its molecules are not very polar or reactive.Neon is a noble gas element with the atomic number 10 and symbol Ne. It is odorless, colorless, and gas at room temperature and pressure. It is used in a variety of applications, including electric signs, fluorescent lamps, high-voltage indicators, lightning arresters, welding, and lasers. It is also used in cryogenics and in some medical treatments.

learn more about Neon Refer:brainly.com/question/14310402

#SPJ4

Before shearing teeth, four limbs, an amniotic egg, and fur evolved. Claws that retract after shearing teeth have been produced.

According to the "inside-out" idea, teeth first developed from endoderm as pharyngeal teeth in jawless vertebrates and then travelled anteriorly into the oral cavity as jaws developed.

These are technically the "roaring cats," which include tigers, lions, jaguars, and leopards. They all have fully retractable claws, just like domestic or pet cats. This adaptation or trait makes sure that when their claws are not being utilized to seize prey, climb, scratch, or give traction, they are covered by a sheath of skin and are not visible.

To learn more about shearing teeth visit:

brainly.com/question/28842189

#SPJ1

Unlike the rocks of Earth, where many factors contribute to erosion, the main weathering agents on Mars are wind and acid fog.

Because the atmospheric pressure on the planet's surface averages only 610 pascals (0.088 psi), it is slightly lower than the vapor pressure of water at its triple point; warming water on the Martian surface would sublime under average Martian conditions.

When you see reddish stains on rock, you are witnessing oxidation, which is the result of chemical changes caused by oxygen. When iron-containing materials like steel are oxidized, a chemical reaction occurs, causing the material to rust.

Thus, Unlike the rocks of Earth, where many factors contribute to erosion, the main weathering agents on Mars are wind and acid fog.

To learn more about the mars surface, follow the link;

https://brainly.com/question/12611262

#SPJ1

Your question is incomplete, the image of mars surface is attached below:

Generally, water is known as the universal solvent.

Water is known as the universal solvent because basically at the molecular level, salt basically dissolves in water due to electrical charges and due to the fact that both water and salt are the compounds which are polar, and with positive and negative charges on opposite sides in the molecule. It is true that universal solvent does not exist. Water is basically known as the universal solvent because it dissolves more chemicals than any other solvent. However, water is the solvent that only dissolves with other polar molecules.

This property of water usually allows the water molecule to become attracted to many other different types of molecules and it behaves as a solvent for every solute.

Learn more about universal solvent from the link given below.

https://brainly.com/question/1834245

#SPJ4

The reported absorbance of the solutions would have been decreased if deionized water was used to calibrate the spectrometer instead of iron (III) chloride solution.

A spectrometer measures the amount of light absorbed by a solution at a specific wavelength. The absorbance of a solution is proportional to its concentration. When the spectrometer is calibrated with a standard solution, the instrument is adjusted so that the measured absorbance of the standard is equal to a known value.

If the spectrometer is calibrated with deionized water instead of iron (III) chloride solution, the measured absorbance of the solutions would be lower because deionized water has a lower absorbance than iron (III) chloride. The lower absorbance would result in a decrease in the reported absorbance of the solutions.

Learn more about Spectrometer:

https://brainly.com/question/14854785

#SPJ4

The major fossil fuels differ in the amount of carbon dioxide they emit into the atmosphere when burned. from worst to least, these are coal, oil, and natural gas

The major fossil fuels, coal, oil, and natural gas, differ in the amount of carbon dioxide they emit into the atmosphere when burned. Coal is the worst offender, emitting the highest amount of carbon dioxide per unit of energy produced. This is because coal is a carbon-intensive fuel with a high carbon content, and when burned, it releases large amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

Oil is the second-highest emitter, but it still emits a significant amount of carbon dioxide. Natural gas is the least emitter of the three, emitting the lowest amount of carbon dioxide per unit of energy produced. However, natural gas is not a sustainable solution for the long term, and the world needs to shift towards renewable energy sources to combat climate change.

Learn more about fossil fuel here

brainly.com/question/29353155

#SPJ4

The factors that determine the direction and rate of a chemical reaction are:

The rate of a chemical reaction is calculated by dividing the rate of change in a reactant's or product's concentration by the coefficient from the equation's balanced state.

The term "rate of a reaction" refers to how quickly a reaction occurs. For instance, because it happens quickly, wood burning has a high reaction rate, whereas iron rusting has a low reaction rate because it happens gradually.

Learn more about chemical reaction at:

https://brainly.com/question/11231920

#SPJ1

The mass of the steel cylinder is 1.939 kilograms. The mass of an object can be calculated by multiplying its volume by its density.

The volume of the steel cylinder is 246 cm3 and its density is 7.93 g/cm3, so its mass can be calculated as follows:

Since 1 kilogram is equal to 1000 grams, we can divide the mass in grams by 1000 to get the mass in kilograms:

So, the mass of the steel cylinder is 1.939 kilograms.

Learn more about Volume:

https://brainly.com/question/12410983

#SPJ4

The reason why biomass decreases by about 90% at each trophic level moving up is due to the inefficiency of energy transfer between trophic levels.

At each trophic level, organisms consume other organisms to obtain the energy they need to survive. However, as energy is transferred from one organism to another, some of it is lost as heat or used for metabolic processes like respiration, leaving less energy available for growth and reproduction.

The decrease in available energy is reflected in the decrease in biomass, which is the total amount of living matter in an ecosystem. As a result, there is less biomass at each successive trophic level. This pattern is sometimes referred to as the "pyramid of biomass."

In general, only about 10% of the energy available at one trophic level is passed on to the next trophic level, resulting in the 90% decrease in biomass at each level. This inefficiency of energy transfer is a fundamental characteristic of ecosystems and has important implications for the structure and function of ecological communities.

To know more about biomass here

https://brainly.com/question/10405411

#SPJ4

The object's displacement for the given time period exists 8i - 6j.

A circuit's opposition to current flow is measured by its resistance. The Greek letter omega  (Ω) stands for ohms, which are used to measure resistance.

The given parameter be

[tex]$$\begin{aligned}& r=t^2 i-(3 t+3) j \\& \mathrm{t}_1=1 \mathrm{~s} \\& \mathrm{t}_2=3 \mathrm{~s}\end{aligned}$$[/tex]

When the time is 1 s, the object's position is determined as follows:

[tex]$$\begin{aligned}& r_1=(1)^2 i-(3 \times 1+3) j \\& r_1=i-(6) j \\& r_1=i-6 j\end{aligned}$$[/tex]

When the time is 3 s, the object's position is determined as follows:

[tex]$$\begin{aligned}& r_2=(3)^2 i-(3 \times 3+3) j \\& r_2=9 i-(9+3) j \\& r_2=9 i-12 j\end{aligned}$$[/tex]

The displacement of the object exists estimated as;

Δr = [tex]$$r_2-r_1[/tex]

substitute the values in the above equation, we get

Δr = 4i - 9j - (i - 6j)

simplifying the equation, we get

Δr = 9i - 12j - i + 6j

Δr = (9i - i) + (-12j + 6j)

Δr = 8i - 6j

Therefore, the object's displacement for the given time period is 8i - 6j.

To learn more about resistance refer to;

https://brainly.com/question/800502

#SPJ4

Neon (Ne) has an atomic mass of 20.180 u, where "u" stands for atomic mass units. This number is a weighted average of the masses of all naturally occurring neon isotopes.

Since neon has three stable isotopes, it does not degrade over time. They are neon-20 (with a 90.92% abundance), neon-21 (with a 0.26% abundance), and neon-22 (8.82% abundance). An isotope's atomic mass is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus.

Neon-20 has ten protons and ten neutrons, neon-21 contains ten protons and eleven neutrons, and neon-22 contains ten protons and twelve neutrons. To compute the atomic mass of neon, we use the weighted average of its isotopes' atomic masses while accounting for their respective abundances.

We may compute the atomic mass of neon using isotopic abundances and atomic masses as follows:

(0.9092 x 20.000 u) + (0.0026 x 20.000 u) + (0.0882 x 22.000 u) = (20.180 u)

For more such questions on atomic mass, click on:

https://brainly.com/question/30390726

#SPJ4

Answer: 95.8 I hope this helps U :)

Explanation: Therefore 0.552 moles will have 0.552 moles X 6.022 X10 23 atoms/mole... are present in 1.52 mol of sulfur dioxide a) 2.29 x 10^23 b) 1.83 x 10^24 c) ... Mass of 1 H atom: 1.008 amu x 1.661 x10-24 g/amu = 1.674 x10-24 g. Mass of 1 mole of H ... many iron atoms are present in a piece of iron weighing 95.8 g?

The heat absorbed by the water is 351.96 joules.

The heat required to raise the temperature of the unit mass of a given substance by a given amount (usually one degree) is called specific heat capacity.

Given is to find the heat absorbed by the water, in joules.

We can write the heat absorbed as -

Q = mCΔT

Q = 10 x 4.186 x 8.4

Q = 41.9 x 8.4

Q = 351.96 joules

Therefore, the heat absorbed by the water is 351.96 joules.

To solve more questions on specific heat capacity, visit the link-

brainly.com/question/29014197

#SPJ1

The magnitude of the electric field is 2.4 X 10^21 N/C.

Large atoms' nuclei, like that of uranium, which has 92 protons, can be represented as spherically symmetric spheres of charge. Around 7.4 10 15 meters, or 7.4 10 15 meters, is the uranium nucleus' radius.

The physical field that surrounds electrically charged particles and exerts a force on all other charged particles in the field, either attracting or repelling them, is known as an electric field (or E-field). It can also refer to a system of charged particles' physical field.

The magnitude of the electric field is 2.4 X 10^21 N/C.

To learn more about the electric field, here

brainly.com/question/8971780

#SPJ4

3452 J/mol is the average kinetic energy of 1 mole of so at 300 K. So, option C. 3452 J/mol is correct choice.

One mole of gas has an average kinetic energy of, which can be calculated using the formula below:

[tex]KE_{avg} = (3/2) \times R \times T[/tex]

where

[tex]KE_{avg}[/tex] is the average kinetic energy,

R is the gas constant,

T is the temperature in Kelvin.

We must convert from mass-based units to mole-based units for SO gas (sulfur monoxide) using the molar mass of SO. SO has a molar mass of around 64 g/mol.

Therefore, 1 mole of SO gas has a mass of nearly 64 grams.

When we enter the values into the formula, we obtain:

[tex]KE_{avg} = (3/2) \times R \times T[/tex]

[tex]= (3/2) \times 8.314 J/(mol \:K) \times 300 K[/tex]

= 3742 J/mol

Hence, 1 mole of SO gas has an average kinetic energy of around 3742 J/mol at 300 K.

The closest solution from the offered possibilities is 3452 J/mol.

For similar questions on average kinetic energy,

https://brainly.com/question/26080657

#SPJ4

According to kinetic theory of gases, when samples are heated from liquid to gas phase, particles move faster and spread out more. Hence, option a is correct.

According to kinetic theory of gases. Gaseous substances are made of tiny particles called molecules. The molecules within a container are in a state of random chaotic motion during which they collide with  each other.

At, a particular instant, different molecules in a sample of gas may have different velocities and hence, different kinetic energies.  The kinetic energy of molecules is directly proportional to the temperature.

Hence, the the sample  when heated, the molecules acquire higher kinetic energy and they will move apart. Therefore, option a is correct according to kinetic theory.

Find more on kinetic theory :

https://brainly.com/question/15357425

#SPJ1

Answer: B

Explanation: Took the test

The temperature of the 45.0 g piece of metal changed from 241 °C to 32.0 °C. is 0.48 j/ 9°C.

Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the atoms or molecules in the system. The zeroth law of thermodynamics says that no heat is transferred between two objects in thermal equilibrium; therefore, they are the same temperature.

In other words, Temperature is the measure of hotness or coldness of a body measured using Celsius, Kelvin, and Fahrenheit scales. The change in temperature is based on the amount of heat released or absorbed. The S.I unit of temperature is Kelvin. The Temperature formula is given by, Δ T = Q / mc.

To know more about equilibrium visit

https://brainly.com/question/30694482

#SPJ1

part a.

The theoretical yield of hydrofluoric acid is 7.97 grams.

part b.

The percent yield of hydrofluoric acid is 86.2%.

The number of moles of HF produced is calculated as :

moles of HF = 0.194 mol × (4 mol HF / 2 mol H2O)

moles of HF = 0.388 mol

The theoretical yield of HF is given as =

moles of HF × molar mass of HF

theoretical yield of HF = 0.388 mol × 20.01 g/mol

theoretical yield of HF = 7.97 grams

We will  compare the actual yield (6.88 g) to the theoretical yield (7.97 grams) in order to  calculate the percent yield:

percent yield = (actual yield / theoretical yield) × 100%

percent yield = (6.88 g / 7.97 g) × 100%

percent yield = 86.2%

Learn more about percent yield at: https://brainly.com/question/2451706

#SPJ1