How many ions would you expect MgBr2 to break down into in water? a) 2 b) 3 c) 1 d) 4

There are three prevailing exceptions to the octet rule: Molecules, such as NO, with an odd number of electrons; Molecules in which one or more atoms possess additionally than eight electrons, such as SF6.

Molecules such as BCl3, in which one or additional atoms possess less than eight electrons. General exceptions to the octet rule incorporate molecules that have an odd number of electrons and molecules in which one or more atoms possess more or fewer than eight electrons. Molecules with an odd number of electrons are somewhat rare in the s and p blocks but instead familiar among the d- and f- block elements. Compounds with more than an octet of electrons around an atom are named expanded-valence molecules.

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NaCl2 is not a valid compound because sodium chloride (NaCl) exists as discrete Na+ and Cl- ions, and not as a molecule that contains two chloride ions.

1) Sodium chloride(Na2Cl2)

2) Molecular Formula Cl2Na2

3) Molecular Weight 116.88

If you meant Na2Cl2, which is disodium dichloride, the molar mass can be calculated by adding the atomic masses of two sodium atoms and two chlorine atoms:

Na2Cl2:

1) Two sodium (Na) atoms have a total atomic mass of 2 × 22.99 g/mol = 45.98 g/mol.

2) Two chlorine (Cl) atoms have a total atomic mass of 2 × 35.45 g/mol = 70.90 g/mol.

So, the molar mass of Na2Cl2 is:

45.98 g/mol (Na) + 70.90 g/mol (Cl) = 116.88 g/mol

The molar mass of Na2Cl2 is 116.88 g/mol.

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The internal energy change for the reactions would be -2850 J.

The sign of heat is interpreted as being positive when heat is absorbed and as being negative when heat is expelled.

Work done during the expansion and compression processes is viewed negatively and positively, respectively.

According to the First law of thermodynamics,

Δ U = q + w

where, Δ U be the internal energy

q be the heat absorbed or released = -2290 J

w be the work done = 560 J

simplifying the values in above equation, we get:

Δ U = (-2290) + (-560)

Δ U = -2850 J

Hence, the internal energy change for the reaction would be -2850 J.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 1) –2850 J.

The complete question is:

A sample of octane burns releasing 2290 J of heat to the surroundings, and the gases produced expands against a piston to do 560 joules of work. Calculate the internal energy change for this reaction.

1- –2850 J

2- –1730 J

3- –2290 J

4- +1730 J

5- +2850 J

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To convert from molecules/atoms to moles, divide by Avogadro's Number:

[tex]6.02*10^{23}[/tex]

We're given:

Divide by Avogadro's Number:

[tex]\dfrac{3.2*10^{24}}{6.02*10^{23}}[/tex]

[tex]= 5.3[/tex]

B. 5.3 moles

The hydrogen cyanide (HCN) lewis structure has a triple bond between the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) atoms, with the hydrogen (H) attached to the carbon.║

Hydrogen cyanide is a polar molecule due to the unequal sharing of electrons between the C and N atoms. The C atom pulls the electrons more strongly, giving it a slight negative charge, while the H atom has a slight positive charge.

This polarity allows hydrogen cyanide to form hydrogen bonds with other polar molecules, making it a useful solvent and a building block for organic chemistry. However, hydrogen cyanide is also a highly toxic gas and can cause severe health effects if inhaled or ingested.

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Answer:

659.95 grams of NaCl are produced from 452.5 grams of NaOH when the reaction is complete.

Explanation:

To answer this question, we first need to calculate the number of moles of NaOH present in 452.5 grams of NaOH. We can use the molar mass of NaOH, which is 40.00 g/mol, to do this:

Moles of NaOH = Mass of NaOH / Molar mass of NaOH

Moles of NaOH = 452.5 g / 40.00 g/mol

Moles of NaOH = 11.31 mol

Now we can use the balanced chemical equation to determine the number of moles of NaCl produced when 11.31 moles of NaOH react:

NaOH + BaCl2 → NaCl + Ba(OH)2

According to the equation, 1 mole of NaOH produces 1 mole of NaCl. Therefore, 11.31 moles of NaOH will produce 11.31 moles of NaCl.

Finally, we can convert the number of moles of NaCl to grams using the molar mass of NaCl, which is 58.44 g/mol:

Mass of NaCl = Moles of NaCl x Molar mass of NaCl

Mass of NaCl = 11.31 mol x 58.44 g/mol

Mass of NaCl = 659.95 g

Blue is the color absorbed by a solution that should appear as the given color orange. If the material absorbs blue you will glimpse the color orange.

When sunlight shines through an orange solution, the violet, blue and green wavelengths are immersed. The different colors enact through. The transmitted light is the light we see, and it glances orange. Colored liquids or solutions glance colored because they absorb some of the light shined on them. Colored objects look the way they do because of reflected light. When sunlight is shined on a green leaf, the violet, red and orange wavelengths are absorbed. The various wavelengths within the visible part are reliable for the different colors we see.

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Answer: there could be two lunar eclipses per year

At the same temperature and pressure, equal volume of gases contains the same number of molecules is a true statement.

This statement is known as Avogadro's Law, which states that equal volumes of gases, at the same temperature and pressure, contain the same number of molecules (or moles) regardless of their chemical nature or physical properties.

This means that if we compare two different gases occupying the same volume at the same temperature and pressure, they will contain the same number of molecules.

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The number of the molecules of water are needed to completely hydrolyze the polymer that is ten monomers long is the 9 molecules of water.

A polymer can be defined as the macromolecule which is essentially is the combination of the many subunits. The Polymers will be break down into the monomers is called as the hydrolysis of the polymer, which is the reaction in which the water molecule will be  utilize during the breakdown.

One water molecule is use to break the each bond present between the two adjacent monomers in the  polymer during the hydrolysis. The ten-monomer of the long polymer that comprises the nine bonds because the two adjacent monomers are joined through the bond. Therefore, the nine water molecules are required to hydrolyze the ten monomers long polymer.

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The molality of the ethanol solution is 0.859 moles per kilogram of water.

To calculate the molality, divide the mass of the solute (ethanol) by the mass of the solvent (water) and multiply by the appropriate conversion factor to express the result in moles per kilogram. To calculate the molality, we first need to determine the mass of ethanol in the solution. We know that the solution is 16.9% ethanol by mass, so we can calculate the mass of ethanol in the solution as follows:

0.169 x total mass of solution = mass of ethanol.

To convert this mass of ethanol to moles, we divide by the molar mass of ethanol (46.07 g/mol), and then divide the number of moles by the mass of the solvent (water) to get the molality. Finally, we must convert the answer to the correct units (moles per kilogram) to express the molality of the solution.

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The alcohol mentioned above generates carbon dioxide in Methanol per mole burnt.

Methanol is a substance with the chemical formula CH3OH. The simplest alcohol, it is a colorless, flammable, light, volatile liquid with a distinct odor that is gentle and sweeter than ethanol.

It functions as an antifreeze, fuel, and solvent for ethyl alcohol while a polar liquid at room temperature. With the help of oxygen and sunlight, methanol is converted into carbon dioxide and water.

Burning methanol in the air produces carbon dioxide and water:

2CH3OH + 3O2 - 2CO2 + 4H20

A methanol flame appears to be practically colorless. To prevent colorlessness on the nearly undetectable fire when burning methanol, precautions should be taken.

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Answer: C. Kr

Explanation:

Ru is the symbol for rubidium.

Rubidium is a transitional metal. To use the noble gas core, look at the noble gas one row above where rubidium is. Rubidium is in row 5 on the periodic table, so we move up to row 4. Krypton is the noble gas core in the electron configuration for Ru.

If the enthalpy of solvation is high and positive, it means that the solute wants to dissolve in the solvent. But if the entropy of solvation is only slightly positive, it means that the solute may not dissolve completely.

Enthalpy of solvation, also known as enthalpy of dissolution, refers to the change in enthalpy that occurs when a solute dissolves in a solvent to form a solution. Enthalpy is a measure of the total energy of a system, including both thermal and potential energies.

In the case of solvation, the enthalpy of solvation is the change in enthalpy that results from the interactions between the solute and solvent particles as the solute dissolves in the solvent. If the enthalpy of solvation is positive, it means that the solute-solvent interactions are exothermic, releasing energy and making the solution energetically favourable. If the enthalpy of solvation is negative, it means that the solute-solvent interactions are endothermic, absorbing energy and making the solution energetically unfavourable.

In this case, the overall Gibbs free energy change of the solution would be dominated by the large positive enthalpy of solvation, making the solution energetically favourable. The solution would be thermodynamically stable and would tend to form spontaneously. However, the small positive entropy of solvation suggests that the solute may not dissolve completely, as the entropy increase is not very significant.

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Answer:

true

Explanation:

Answer:

7.72 moles

Explanation:

Answer:

344.312

or 334³⁹\¹²³

Explanation:

hope it helps

Acetone is an organic solvent that is widely used in a variety of laboratory and industrial processes. In this experiment, its purpose is to extract a desired product from a sample.

Organic refers to anything made or grown without the use of synthetic chemicals, pesticides, or genetic engineering. It is a term used to describe a holistic approach to farming and production practices that emphasize the use of natural ingredients and processes. Organic foods, for example, are grown without the use of chemical fertilizers, herbicides, or pesticides, while organic textiles are made with natural fibers, such as cotton and wool, that have been grown without the use of synthetic fertilizers or pesticides.

The process begins by heating the sample in a round bottom flask. As the sample is heated, the desired product boils off and can be collected in a condenser. In order to enhance the separation process and ensure that the product does not become contaminated, acetone is added to the flask.

In order to use acetone correctly, the sample must be heated to the appropriate temperature. A thermometer should be used to ensure that the sample has reached the desired temperature. The acetone should then be added to the flask in small increments.

Once the acetone has been added, the sample should be stirred gently. This helps to ensure that the acetone is evenly distributed throughout the sample and that it has had the chance to dissolve any of the desired product.

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The moles that are needed to completely react with 18. 7 moles of hydrofluoric acid are 9.35 moles.

To determine the number of moles of calcium hydroxide needed to completely react with 18.7 moles of hydrofluoric acid, we need to first write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction. The balanced equation is:  

Ca(OH)₂ + 2HF → CaF₂ + 2H₂O

From the balanced equation, we can see that 1 mole of calcium hydroxide reacts with 2 moles of hydrofluoric acid.

The number of moles of calcium hydroxide needed to react with 18.7 moles of hydrofluoric acid can be calculated as follows:  

moles of calcium hydroxide = (moles of hydrofluoric acid) / 2

moles of calcium hydroxide= 18.7 / 2= 9.35 moles

So, 9.35 moles of calcium hydroxide are needed to completely react with 18.7 moles of hydrofluoric acid.

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The equilibrium concentrations are approximately:

[H2] = 0 M

[Br2] = 0 M

[HBr] = 0.668 M.

At equilibrium, the equilibrium constant, K, indicates the connection between the reactants and products of a reaction. When the rates of forwarding and backward reactions are equal, a reaction has reached equilibrium.

The equilibrium constant expression for the reaction is:

Kc = [HBr]^2 / ([H2] * [Br2])

We are given that Kc = 2.180 × 10^6 at 730°C. We can use this information to set up an ICE (initial, change, equilibrium) table and solve for the equilibrium concentrations of the three species.

Initial concentrations:

[HBr] = 5.20 mol / 18.7 L = 0.278 M (since 2HBr are formed from 1 mol Br2 and 1 mol H2, initial [Br2] and [H2] are both 0)

Change in concentrations:

Let x be the change in concentration of HBr. Then, the change in concentration of H2 and Br2 will be -2x and -x, respectively.

Equilibrium concentrations:

[H2] = 0 - 2x

[Br2] = 0 - x

[HBr] = 0.278 + x

Substituting these concentrations into the equilibrium constant expression and solving for x gives:

Kc = [HBr]^2 / ([H2] * [Br2])

2.180 × 10^6 = (0.278 + x)^2 / (2x * x)

Solving for x using this equation gives:

x = 0.390 M

Therefore, the equilibrium concentrations are:

[H2] = 0 - 2x = -0.780 M (Note: negative concentration is unphysical, but indicates that all H2 reacted)

[Br2] = 0 - x = -0.390 M (Note: negative concentration is unphysical, but indicates that all Br2 reacted)

[HBr] = 0.278 + x = 0.668 M

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The kinetic-molecular theory is a model that describes the behavior of matter at a microscopic level.

In solids, this theory suggests that the particles (atoms or molecules) that make up the solid are in constant motion and are held together by strong intermolecular forces. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions and the amplitude of the vibration increases as the temperature increases. This theory also explains properties such as thermal expansion, specific heat, and thermal conductivity of solids.

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Iron (Fe) does NOT fit in the pattern in column 7 because Iron is a metal.

What are the characteristics of Iron (Fe)?

1. Iron (Fe) is a silvery-gray metal that is very malleable and ductile.

2. It has a melting point of 1538 °C (2798 °F) and a boiling point of 2862 °C (5164 °F).

3. It is the most abundant element in the Earth's crust, making up about 5.6% of its mass.

4. It is magnetic, and it is an important component of steel and other alloys.

5. Iron is also an essential element for biological processes, and it is necessary for the formation of hemoglobin in red blood cells.

Iron is not an element in column 7 of the periodic table because it is a transition metal, which is found in columns 3-12. Column 7 contains the halogens (Group 17), which are non-metallic elements. Allow (iron) had different properties (to oxygen and sulfur) and it ignore electrons.

Therefore, Iron is a metal is the answer.

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The strongest types of bonds are ionic bonds, covalent bonds, hydrogen bonds, and van der waals forces.

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The solution to this question is option d. We can calculate it in this manner:

By using Raoult's Law:

Pi= Pi* Xi

Moles H20= (200g of H2O x 1 mol)/ 18.02 g of H20

                     =11.0987 mol H2O

Moles of NaCl= (50g of NaCl x 1 mol)/ 58.4427 mol NaCl

Now to calculate vapor pressure,

Mole fraction of H20= (Moles of H20)/ (Moles H20 + Moles of NaCl)

                                 = 11.0987/ 11.95414

                                 =0.92844

Partial pressure of solution is,

Pi= 0.92844 x 0.031

  =0.2878 atm

Therefore vapor pressure of the solution is 0.2878 atm

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The volume of a gas is halved during an adiabatic compression that increases the pressure by a factor of 2.5 is (5^(γ-1))^(1/γ)

An adiabatic process is one in which there is no heat transfer to or from the system, so the change in internal energy of the system is due to the work done by the gas.

PV^γ = constant,

where P is the pressure, V is the volume, and γ (gamma) is the adiabatic index, which is equal to the ratio of specific heats for the gas (Cp/Cv). For a monatomic gas (such as helium), γ = 5/3, and for a diatomic gas (such as nitrogen), γ = 7/5.

If the volume of the gas is halved and the pressure is increased by a factor of 2.5 during an adiabatic compression, the new pressure and volume can be related as follows:

P2V2^γ = P1V1^γ

P2 = 2.5P1

V2 = V1/2

Substituting the new pressure and volume into the equation of state:

(2.5P1)(V1/2)^γ = P1V1^γ

Expanding and solving for the change in temperature:

2.5(V1/2)^γ = V1^γ

5^(1/γ)(V1/2) = V1

(V1/2)^(1-1/γ) = 5^(1/γ)

T2/T1 = (V1/2)^(γ-1)

=> (5^(1/γ))^(γ-1)

=> (5^(γ-1))^(1/γ)

The exponentiation of 5 raised to the power of (γ-1) gives the factor by which the temperature changes during the adiabatic compression. The exact temperature change will depend on the specific gas and its adiabatic index.

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According to the ideal gas equation, the volume of acetylene produced at 26 degrees Celsius and 0.9 atm from 0.05 CaC₂ and excess H₂O is 138.10 liters.

The ideal gas equation is an equation which is applicable in a hypothetical state of an ideal gas.It is a combination of various laws such as  Boyle's law, Charle's law,Avogadro's law and Gay-Lussac's law . It is given as, PV=nRT where R= gas constant whose value is 8.314.The law has several limitations.

On substitution of values, V= 0.05×8.314×299/0.9= 138.10 liters.

Thus, the volume of acetylene produced at 26 degrees Celsius and 0.9 atm from 0.05 CaC₂ and excess H₂O is 138.10 liters.

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2.8 grams of NaCl are in 14.3 L of a 2.38 M solution of NaCl." The molarity is defined as the number of moles of solute present in 1 liter of solution.

The term molarity is defined as the number of moles of solute present in 1 liter of solution.Molarity is also known as the molar concentration of a solution.

Given:

Volume of solution = 14300 mL

Molarity of sodium chloride = 2.38 M

Molar mass of sodium chloride (NaCl) = 59 g/mole

2.38 = mass of NaCl × 1000 / 59g × 14300

mass of NaCl = 2.38 × 59g × 14300 / 1000

= 2.8 grams

Thus, 2.8 grams of NaCl are in 14.3 L of a 2.38 M solution of NaCl.

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A compound which has molar mass 123.22g/mol will have a molecular formula as ZrO₂. so the correct option is D..

To determine the molecular formula of a substance with a given molar mass, we need to know the empirical formula of the compound and the number of empirical formula units in the molecular formula.

Let's calculate the empirical formula weight for each of the options:

A) Co₂H₄:

Co: 2 x 58.93 = 117.86

H: 4 x 1.01 = 4.04

Total: 121.9 g/mol

B) PSF:

P: 1 x 30.97 = 30.97

S: 1 x 32.06 = 32.06

F: 1 x 18.99 = 18.99

Total: 82.02 g/mol

C) SrS₃:

Sr: 1 x 87.62 = 87.62

S: 3 x 32.06 = 96.18

Total: 183.8 g/mol

D) ZrO₂:

Zr: 1 x 91.22 = 91.22

O: 2 x 16.00 = 32.00

Total: 123.22 g/mol

Now we can divide the given molar mass by the empirical formula weight to find the number of empirical formula units in the molecular formula:

A) Co₂H₄: 123.22 / 121.9 = 1.01, so the molecular formula is approximately the same as the empirical formula, Co₂H₄.

B) PSF: 123.22 / 82.02 = 1.50, so the molecular formula is 1.5 times the empirical formula, which we can round to PS₃F₃.

C) SrS₃: 123.22 / 183.8 = 0.67, so the molecular formula is 0.67 times the empirical formula, which we can round to SrS₂.

D) ZrO₂: The molar mass is already equal to the empirical formula weight, so the molecular formula is the same as the empirical formula, ZrO₂.

Therefore, the molecular formula for the compound with a molar mass of 123.22 g/mol is D) ZrO₂.

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The assertion is accurate. The ionization potential is the amount of energy needed to expel an electron from an isolated atom or molecule. Each additional electron eliminated causes an increase in ionization energy.

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