Explain the contribution of antigenic determinant in false negative and false positive test

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

The contribution of the antigenic determinant is given below:

Explanation:

Antigenic determinant or epitope is the part of the antigen that is recognized by the immune cells or antibodies such as the B- cells by binding to these cells and evokes the response in the host. The antibodies bind to the epitope segments only not to the entire antigen protein.

A false-positive test is a test where the result suggests that an individual has a specific condition but in reality not having such condition. opposite in the false-negative So, the antigenic determinant binds to the specific antibodies and shows wide significance to reduce the false-negative or false-positive.


Related Questions

Compare transitional aquatic ecosystems. Identify two types in the organizer below and describe the environments each type combines. 9th grade Biology

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is -

wetlands - land and water

estuaries - freshwater  and salt water

Explanation:

There are three types of aquatic ecosystems that are lentic, lotic, and wetlands. Lentic ecosystems include slow-moving or non-moving water systems like pools, lakes, or ponds. The Lotic system on the other hand is aquatic systems with faster-moving water systems like the ocean or river also known as estuaries.

Wetlands are the system that has unique properties of having vegetation adapted according to the condition or situations on the water in saturated soil flood with water seasonally or permanent.

Aquatic system           organizers

wetlands     -               land and water

estuaries    -          freshwater  and salt water

Picture yourself around a campfire. Which of these would be an example
of convection?
A metal rod would not be a good choice for roasting marshmallows because metal transfers
thermal energy.
O As the air around the campfire is heated and becomes less dense, it rises and
moves upward.
A metal rod would not be a good choice for roasting marshmallows because
metal transfers thermal energy.

Answers

Answer:

O As the air around the campfire is heated and becomes less dense, it rises and moves upward.

Explanation:

This is true because, the convection transfer needs the particle of elements to transport the heat from where it is in abundance to where it is in less abundance. Just like a water boiling becoming hot at the point closer to the fire than the top of the pot, so also will the air around campfire transfer heated air from the place closer to the campfire to upwards aware from the fire.

Convection is the flow of air around the campfire when it is heated and the decrease in density as it rises upward in the atmosphere. Thus, the correct option is C.

What is convection of heat?

Convection is the transfer of heat from one place to the other due to the movement of fluids present in it. It is a distinct method of heat transfer in systems. The convective heat transfer involves combined processes of conduction and advection in a system and its surrounding. Convection is the dominant form of heat transfer in liquids and gases.

The thermal radiation in the fire is mostly in the form of infrared waves and visible light. However, the campfire heat transferred via convection shoots straight up in the sky and never reaches to the ground level.

Therefore, the correct option is C.

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Which correctly lists the three main ocean zones?
O deep, neritic, surface
O intertidal, deep, surface
O neritic, intertidal, open ocean
O open ocean, deep, continental

Answers

Answer:

Honestly I think it's C

Explanation:

The three main ocean zones are neritic, bathyal, and abyssal. Therefore, none of the statements are correct.

What are the three main zones?

The ocean is divided into three main zones which are the neritic zone. This zone is the shallowest zone extending from the shoreline to the edge of the continental shelf and is 200 meters deep.

The bathyal zone is the middle zone extending from the edge of the continental shelf to the abyssal plain and is 4,000 meters deep. The abyssal zone is the deepest zone extending from the abyssal plain to the ocean floor.

Apart from the three main ocean zones, there other oceanic zones are  epipelagic zone, mesopelagic zone, and hadal zone. The hadal zone is the deepest oceanic zone and is unique to highly adapted species of marine life and is important to study.

Therefore, the three main ocean zones are neritic, bathyal, and abyssal.

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What makes bottleneck dolphins such “ingenious fishermen”?

Answers

Bottleneck dolphins are a highly intelligent species that use sound both for communication and to hunt for food. They can search for food individually or in groups. What makes these creatures ingenious towards fishing is their distinctive whistle. This whistle helps them recognize one another and communicate.

help me please :( punnett squares

Answers

Answer:

17. A 100% purple

18. D 75% purple 25% white

19. D 100%

20. B If the trait is recessive, then it's B, because she fell into that 25% of recessive trait for blue eyes.

Explanation:

What is a pathway for an atom (carbon)

Answers

Answer:

--    --

)____(

Explanation:

The carbon atom can make a transition between photosynthesis and respiration because the carbon atom is both a reactant and a product. For example, plants take in carbon dioxide for photosynthesis which releases oxygen. Then other organisms use this oxygen for respiration, which releases carbon dioxide.n:

Why does photosynthesis occur at the upper surface of the leaf than the lower surface

Answers

Answer: The sunlight hits the upper surface of the leaf, and sunlight is crucial to the photosynthesis process. The leaves trap the energy and use it to create glucose.

Lactic acid and alcohol fermentation occur when _______?

Question 4 options:

cell death occurs


when no oxygen is present


a cell is subjected to too much oxygen


when the amount of glucose is not sufficient

Answers

Answer:

a cell is subjected to too much oxygen

Fermentation is an example of which of the following pathways?

Answers

Answer:

 

Anaerobic respiration

Explanation:

penn

Damage to the nerve cells without myelin sneath is perment because regeneration of nerve cells can only happen when

Answers

Answer:

Damage to the nerve cells without myelin sneath is permenent because the regeneration of nerve cells can only happen when schwann is present!

Hope this helps please give me brainliest!

God bless :)

Various cultures designate racial categories differently, and they often base these categories on very different traits. For example, some cultures use nose shape as one of the defining traits for a racial group. Other cultures do not use nose shape in defining racial groups, but use hair color instead. Conduct a survey in person on your campus, via social media accounts online, or among your friends and family. Ask at least 20 people what five traits they think are most important when distinguishing racial groups. Document the responses, and then review the data. Did every person use the same traits? What do differences in racial classification such as these suggest about the universality of race and racial groupings?

Answers

Answer:

In the clarification portion below, the definition of the topic is mentioned.

Explanation:

This shows that the distinctions between people living in a culture or geographical region are often based on ethnicity including ethnic groupings. A single population belonging to a specific geographical region has been shown to possess many characteristics, including hair color, body potential for heat resistance, and menu variety. In something like a specific race or ethnic group, these social traits bring them alongside, and the young government associated with a particular race is often obligated to answer the custom practiced by individuals related to such a particular demographic. These are assumed that understand the connection to a specific community follow these rituals only to solve difficulties they have previously faced due to errors perpetrated by certain ancestors.

Why can someone lost at sea die of thirst

Answers

Human kidneys can only make urine that is less salty than salt water. Therefore, to get rid of all the excess salt taken in by drinking seawater, you have to urinate more water than you drank. Eventually, you die of dehydration even as you become thirstier.

Answer:

someone can die at sea from thrist because there is no drinkable water.

Explanation:

You cannot drink the water surrounding you because it is salt water. (not the regular non-salt water we drink) the salt in the ocean water will actually dehydrate you more.

Hope this helps!!

In a given strand of dna the number of thymines

A. Is same as the number of uracils

B. Is double the number of guanines

C. Is double the number cytosines

D. Is the same as the number of adenines

Plz answer ASAP

Answers

D. Is the same number of adenines

Thymines and Adenines will always pair together.

:)

two products of the krebs cycle are

Answers

Answer: The correct answer is NADH and FADH2.

Plz mark brainliest:)

Two products of the Krebs cycle are NADH and FADH2.

What is the Kreb's Cycle?

The Krebs cycle is a form of chemical reaction that is meant to convert the energy stored in the body in the form of acetyl CoA to other constituents.

Some products of the Krebs Cycle also known as the Citric acid cycle are Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and Flavin adenine dinucleotide. The energy released is from carbohydrates and fat.

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Why are carbon important to these molecules

Answers

Answer:

Hiya! ^^

Explanation:

Carbon's molecular structure allows it to form bonds with many elements, itself other carbon elements. Because of this, it can form long chain molecules, each having different properties. Carbon remains in balance with other chemical reactions in the atmosphere and water because of its stability.

Hope this helps! <3

Emic and etic are referred to as

A. Homonyms

B. Types of material culture

C. Perspectives

D. Populations

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

Explain how wildfires help restore soil nutrients to forest ecosystems.

Answers

Answer:

Wildfire help restore soil nutrients - Wildfire kills off the soil organisms that consume soil nutrients. Wildfires restore soil nutrients by decreasing the amount of underbrush in forests that contribute to nutrient loss. Wildfires break down organic material faster than decomposition, thus renewing soil nutrients more quickly.

Explanation:

Wildfire help restore soil nutrients by eliminating soil organisms that consume soil nutrients and decomposition of materials that help to renew soil nutrients.

What is soil nutrients?

Soil nutrients are essential ingredients needed by plants for growth, they include nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K).

Some factor can impact on soil nutrients thereby reducing it.

How wildfire help to restore soil nutrients

Wildfire help restore soil nutrients in the following ways;

Decomposition of materials that renew lost soil nutrientsElimination of soil organisms that consume soil nutrients. Reduction of plants that contribute to nutrient loss.

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Why is Earth called "the living planet?"

Answers

Answer:

Because earth is the only living planet which has environment, animals, plants and etc. Other planets don't have any oxygen. Earth has lands, water, oceans greenery.

Hope this helps you!

Explanation:

In the figure, X is pointing to a building block of DNA. Which of these correctly labels X?

A. Amino acid
B. Nucleotide
C. Polysaccharide
D. Pyrimidine

Answers

Answer:

Nucleotide

Explanation:

I took the test and it was right.

The name of the building block of DNA that is depicted by X in the attached image is nucleotides.

DNA:

DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid is a biological molecule that stores genetic information in living cells.

DNA molecule is a biological polymer and hence, is made up of monomers called nucleotides. Nucleotide is the subunit of a DNA molecule.

Nucleotide is made up of three components namely: nitrogenous bases, phosphate group and pentose sugar.

In the image attached to this question, X is used to represent the building block of DNA, hence, it is a nucleotide.

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how does Asexual reproduction happen

Answers

Answer:

The reproduction of organisms without the need for sexual intercourse.

Explanation:

How are humans affected by population growth of other organisms in anarea?​

Answers

Answer:

yes

Explanation:

other organisms include things such as plants, insects and animals which can play a large role in the population. For example, if you have a sudden rise in the population of misquitoes that can be really bad since they can spread diseases to people when they are sucking blood. Antoher example is if there is a sudden growth of animals that eats a certain crop, then farmers will stuggle to maintain their crops and the list goes on. Hope this helps :)

Chlorophyll:
A)gives plants a brown color
B)is used by plants to make food
C)is soaked up from the soil by root hairs

Answers

Answer:

b: chloroplasts are used in photosynthesis

Explanation:

not a: cause chlorophyll makes plants green not brown

not c: cause its used in photosynthesis

BRAINLIEST APPRECIATED

THANK YOU!

Answer:
B. Used by plants to make food

Explanation:
Chlorophyll is found in chloroplasts inside of cells. It’s a green pigment and it absorbs sunlight. The sunlight that is absorbed is then used in the process of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is used by plants, algae, and some bacteria. It produces glucose or sugar, which becomes food for the organism.

Therefore, the best choice is B. used by plants to make food.

Justify your answer.Your cousin tells you that trees have leaves to protect the tree from sun damage, just like a natural umbrella. Do you agree? Justify your answer.

Answers

Answer:

no

Explanation:

trees need sunlight to grow the leaves that is on the tree

What characteristic properly describes glycogen?

Answers

Answer: What are the characteristics of glycogen?

It has a structure similar to amylopectin (a component of starch), but is more extensively branched and compact than starch. Both are white powders in their dry state. Glycogen is found in the form of granules in the cytosol/cytoplasm in many cell types, and plays an important role in the glucose cycle.

Explanation:

Which of the following is TRUE about the fossil record? Group of answer choices It is sadly incomplete and lacking in all transitional forms. It gives useful information about environments and the ways past organisms lived. Only animals with hard skeletons are preserved. It is best in deep forests where dead organisms have not been disturbed.

Answers

Answer:

It gives useful information about environments and the ways past organisms lived

Explanation:

A fossil is basically any preserved remains or trace of any organism that once lived in the past. Bones, shells and exoskeletons are examples of fossils that can be studied through Paleontology.  

From fossil studies, we can tell how long these lives existed on earth and how varying plants and animals are related to one another. We can often find out how and the places they lived and their environments as well.  

Which of the following are depressions or opening that allows for the passage blood vessels and nerves.

A. Forman
B.fossa

Answers

Answer:

Foramen - A hole through which nerves and blood vessels pass

I believe this is the answer not a hundred percent though.

For the number 8 where would the decimal be if there was a decimal

Answers

what ? is there a pic that goes with it bc i don’t get it where’s number 8
For the number 8, the decimal would be on the end. 8. Because 8 is 8.00

Why do molecules move across the membrane?

Answers

Answer:

because they help your brain produce the lack of energy it could be getting

Explanation:

Explain why the steroid hormone estradiol (MW 272) readily crosses membranes by simple diffusion but the much smaller H requires transport proteins

Answers

Answer:

Estradiol has a higher partition coefficient than H+ ions

Explanation

Estradiol is a non-polar and hydrophobic molecule that has a higher partition coefficient than H+ ions, it means that the cell membrane is more permeable to this molecule because it can dissolve in and diffuse within the hydrophobic phase of the membrane. The movement of polar charged molecules (even small H+ ions) requires the input of energy to be able to dissolve within the lipid bilayer. In consequence, the movement of H+ ions requires proteins capable of transporting these protons through the membrane.

APT and photovoltaic cells are simikar because

Answers

The question is incomplete, below is the complete question.

ATP and photovoltaic cells are similar because

A. they are both key components of plant cells.

B. they both produce chemical and electrical energy.

C. they are both key components of solar panels.

D. they both use energy from the sun to separate electrons from atoms.

The correct answer to the question is option D

ATP and photovoltaic cells are similar because THEY BOTH USE ENERGY FROM THE SUN TO SEPERATE ELECTIONS FROM ATOMS.

Photovoltaic cells are otherwise known as solar cells,they are made of silicone that are specially treated,these specially treated silicon transfers solar energy gotten from the sun to electrical energy.

These solar powered photovoltaic panels converts the rays from the sun into electricity.this it does by exciting electrons found in silicon cells and also using the photons of light from the sun.

When this electricity is generated,it can be used to supply energy that is renewable to ones home or business.

In ATP, during the process of photosynthesis, sunlight penetrates the cell and further pass into the chloroplast. This light energy is further intercepted by granal stacks containing chlorophyll molecules, from then,some of those light energy are concerted to chemical energy,as this is going on,a phosphate is then added to a molecule to give rise to ATP.

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