The Mohorovicic discontinuity, usually referred to as the Moho discontinuity, is the boundary between the Earth's crust and the mantle. It occurs at an average depth of about 8 kilometers beneath the ocean basins and 32 kilometers beneath continental surfaces.
What is moho discontinuity?
Nearly the entire Moho is contained within the lithosphere.It only establishes the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary beneath mid-ocean ridges. The Mohorovii discontinuity is 20 to 90 kilometers (10 to 60 miles) beneath ordinary continental crusts and 5 to 10 kilometers (3-6 miles) below the ocean floor, with an average depth of 35 kilometers (22 mi).The Moho divides the oceanic and continental crusts from the underlying mantle, and is named for the pioneering Croatian seismologist Andrija Mohorovii.To know more about the moho discontinuity, click the link given below:
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if 141 colonies are counted on a plate that received 0.1 ml of the 1:1,000,000 dilution, how many bacteria were present in 1.0 ml of the undiluted culture? to calculate, multiply the number of colonies by the dilution factor.
There were 14,100 bacteria present in 1.0 ml of the undiluted culture.
What is dilution factor?The dilution factor is a measure of the reduction in concentration of a solution that results from dilution. It is defined as the ratio of the volume of the original solution to the volume of the dilute solution.
For example, if you have a solution that is initially at a concentration of 1:1000 and you add 1 ml of the solution to 9 ml of water, you have created a dilution with a dilution factor of 1:10. The concentration of the original solution has been reduced by a factor of 10.
To calculate the number of bacteria, present in 1.0 ml of the undiluted culture, we need to multiply the number of colonies (141) by the dilution factor (1:1,000,000).
The dilution factor is calculated by multiplying the dilution factor of each step. In this case, we have a 1:10 dilution followed by a 1:10 dilution, so the total dilution factor is 1:10 x 1:10 = 1:100.
So, to get the number of bacteria in 1.0 ml of the undiluted culture, we multiply the number of colonies by the dilution factor:
141 x 100 = 14,100
Therefore, there were 14,100 bacteria present in 1.0 ml of the undiluted culture.
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the cells of which organisms are surrounded by an extracellular matrix referred to as cell walls? select all that apply.
The cells of plants, fungi, and some bacteria are surrounded by an extracellular matrix referred to as cell walls.
Cell walls provide structural support, protect the cell, and help to maintain the shape and integrity of the organism. The composition of cell walls varies among different organisms, but they typically consist of a complex mixture of polysaccharides and proteins.
In plants, the main component of the cell wall is cellulose, a complex carbohydrate that provides rigidity and strength to the wall.
In fungi, the cell wall is made up of chitin, another complex carbohydrate.
In some bacteria, the cell wall is composed of peptidoglycan, a complex molecule made up of amino acids and sugars.
The presence of a cell wall is one of the defining features of these organisms and sets them apart from other forms of life, such as animals, which do not have cell walls.
The question seems incomplete, it must have been...
"The cells of which organisms are surrounded by an extracellular matrix referred to as cell walls? select all that apply.
bacteria
fungi
humans
plants"
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In plate tectonics
A. the outer .core rises above the atmosphere."
B. the mantle sinks into the lithosphere.
C. pieces of lithosphere move slowly on the
asthenosphere.
D. pieces of the atmosphere move slowly on the inner core
of the earth.
In plate tectonics, B. the mantle sinks into the lithosphere.
What is Plate Tectonics?
According to the widely recognized scientific hypothesis known as plate tectonics, the Earth's lithosphere is made up of many sizable tectonic plates that have been steadily moving for nearly 3.4 billion years.
In plate tectonics, the Earth's lithosphere, which is composed of the crust and upper mantle, is divided into sizable rocky plates. These plates are situated on top of the asthenosphere, a rock layer that is still partially molten.
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How does temperature affect reaction rate of enzymes?
Answer: Raising temperature generally speeds up a reaction, and lowering temperature slows down a reaction.
Explanation:
explain how the observation of ingestive feeding in euglenids relates to the hypothesis that this lineage gained chloroplasts via secondary endosymbiosis.
The observation of ingestive feeding in euglenids is consistent with the hypothesis that this lineage gained chloroplasts via secondary endosymbiosis.
Secondary endosymbiosis refers to the process by which an organism that has already acquired one set of plastids through primary endosymbiosis (the incorporation of a photosynthetic cyanobacterium) takes in another photosynthetic organism.
This would involve the ingestion and subsequent retention of the symbiont within the host cell. Euglenids are a type of single-celled algae that possess chloroplasts, which they use for photosynthesis.
Their ability to feed through ingestion supports the idea that they acquired their chloroplasts in this manner, rather than through direct descent from a photosynthetic ancestor or via another form of symbiosis.
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infection of a sebaceous gland producing a small, superficial white nodule along the lid margin is called:
Hordeolum is the medical term for an infection of a sebaceous gland that results in a tiny, superficial white lump along the lid border.
Describe hordeolum.A hordeolum is an infection of the oil gland at the border of the eyelid, sometimes known as a "style." A staph infection commonly develops in a hordeolum, which hurts, swells, and looks red. A hordeolum resembles an eyelid margin bump or pimple that is pus-filled. Warm compresses and antibiotic eye drops or ointments are part of the treatment.
Maintaining clean eyelids, taking off makeup before sleeping, renewing eye makeup every three months, and cleaning hands before touching the region around the eyes can all help avoid hordeola. Never try to squeeze or drain a sty on your own. If the redness and swelling spread to your cheek or other areas of your face in addition to your eyelid, call your eye doctor right once.
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Question 2 Which way does time run on this tree?
A. we cant tell time from this tree
B. Across branch tips, from left to right
C. From root to branch tip (bottom to top)
Does this tree have a timer, Time moves up a tree, never across its tips, from root to tip.
Correct option is, A.
How should a phylogenetic tree be interpreted?The ancestral bloodline is symbolised by the tree's root, while its offspring are shown by the branches' points. You advance through time by going from the roots to a tips. On a phylogeny, a lineage splitting (speciation) is shown as branching.
How do the evolutionary trees and the passage of time relate?The phylogenetic tree demonstrates the sequence of evolutionary events as well as the relative timing of the emergence of various traits and creatures. That has nothing to do with time.
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Why does a chromosome have two sister chromatids? I need help fast!! ⚡️⭐️⚠️
Explanation:
to pass on a complete set of chromosomes to all the daughter cells formed as a result of cell division.
describe the nature of a ligand-receptor interaction and discuss how such interactions initiate a signal transduction pathway.
The nature of ligand-receptor interaction is like that of a lock and a key. This interaction causes a change of shape in the receptor which initiates a cascade of reaction for signal transduction to occur.
Ligand is the molecule that acts a s a chemical messenger in the process of signaling. It may be released by the same cell where signaling is conducted or from a different cell. The ligand binds with another molecule called receptor that transduces the message carried by the ligand.
Signal transduction is the process of transmission of a signal or message through a series of reactions inside the body which ultimately ends to obtain the desired result. The signal transduction begins with the binding of ligand and receptor.
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What is the immediate result of stimulating a receptor?1) The stimulus immediately becomes less intense2) Receptor becomes unresponsive to any stimulus3) Change in membrane potential4) Change in shape of the receptor cell
Stimulating a receptor has an immediate result. Option number four is the most accurate. When a receptor is stimulated, the cell will experience a change in its membrane potential.
This change can then bring about a modification of the receptor's shape. This adjusted shape thusly can influence the receptor's capacity to answer further stimulation.
The changes can likewise prompt a decline in the force of the improvement or make the receptor unresponsive.
In this way, the prompt consequence of animating a receptor is an adjustment of layer potential, which can eventually prompt changes in the receptor's shape, a reduction in the power of the improvement, and a decline in the responsiveness of the receptor.
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in most poikiloterms the large size is usually a disadvantage in colder conditions. why the large marine iguanas have an advantage over the small ones in cold waters of the galapagos archipelago?
Large marine iguanas have an advantage over the small ones in cold waters of the galapagos archipelago because (C) large individuals get more food because they accumulate more energy, and better conserve energy underwater, and this is more important for diving iguanas than to be small ones and absorb heat quicker on the shore.
We are all aware that a bigger surface area tends to capture energy more frequently than a smaller one. Let's say we want to store 200 kcal of energy every minute. We have a 200 KM2 surface area. To absorb the energy, the surface area needs one minute. The following surface area is 20 KM2. Now, the same amount of energy must be absorbed throughout 10 minutes.
The marine iguanas can therefore absorb heat from the sun on the shore more quickly because of their bigger body size. Before diving, they raise their body temperature to 36° C; while underwater, it drops by 10° C. The bigger physical size, therefore, benefits them.
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If your genotype is BB, what type of trait would you express as a phenotype?
A. Dominant.
B. Recessive.
C. Both dominant and recessive.
Which role does the enzyme helicase play in dna replication?
The role of helicase in DNA replication is that Helicase breaks the hydrogen bonds and unwinds a section of DNA
An ATP-dependent catalytic enzyme called DNA helicase unwinds dsDNA to enable leading and lagging strand replication. It constantly unwinds the dsDNA ahead of the replication fork, giving DNA polymerase a template to operate with.
Any helicase subclass enzyme must unwind the double-stranded nucleic acid (DNA/RNA), which is one of its primary functions. By forming a compound with other proteins like DNA primase, polymerase, or single-stranded-binding proteins, the helicase performs its function during DNA replication.
As mentioned above, the helicase unwinds the dsDNA during replication. The helicase also serves a number of additional purposes, some of which are described below. The helicase opens or unwinds the dsDNA during DNA repair in order to repair broken DNA strands.
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which type of eukaryotic cell has a large central vacuole?
Answer:
Plant Cells
Explanation:
what prevents urine from leaking from the bladder?
Exercises for the pelvic muscles, sometimes referred to as "Kegel exercises," can help you hold urine in your bladder and prevent leaks by strengthening the muscles that support the bladder.
Which muscle stops urine from dripping?A muscle surrounds the bladder's opening and is known as the sphincter. It contracts in order to stop urine from dripping into the urethra. This tube transports pee from your bladder to the outer world. In order for the bladder to open up and contain urine, the muscle in its wall relaxes.
Does bladder leakage have a cure?You can better control your bladder control by performing the following exercises: Kegel workouts You regularly contract specific pelvic muscles during Kegels to build their strength, which makes you more leak-proof.
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The numbers of organisms, at each trophies level, in a natural habitat remain more or less constant from year to year. Explain why this is so.
Predation: Both predator and prey species have balanced numbers, preventing any from becoming overly large and endangering the other.
Environmental factors: Variations in the environment, such as changes in temperature, precipitation, or sunlight, can have an impact on a species ability to survive and reproduce. The populations of creatures adapt and remain largely steady under a stable environment.
The overall number of species is largely maintained constant by this equilibrium. Competition can prevent a population from growing too large by limiting access to resources like food, water, and shelter.
Some species move to various environments in search of resources or to escape unpleasant circumstances. The movement of living things can support the balance of populations in various ecosystems.
Natural catastrophes: Natural catastrophes, like fires, floods, or earthquakes, can significantly affect populations of creatures. However, populations typically rebound and reach their baseline levels over time.
In conclusion, migration, competition for resources, environmental stability, predator-prey balance, and recovery from natural disasters all contribute to the stability of the population of species in a natural habitat from year to year.
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if john is sweating profusely and losing large amounts of fluid to sweat, which hormone levels would elevate initially within the body and why?
If John is sweating profusely and losing large amounts of fluid, the hormone that would elevate initially within the body is the antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin, is produced by the hypothalamus and stored in the pituitary gland. It regulates fluid balance in the body by decreasing urine output and increasing the reabsorption of water in the kidneys.
When fluid levels drop, for example through excessive sweating, the hypothalamus releases ADH, which signals the kidneys to reabsorb more water from the urine and return it to the bloodstream, conserving fluid and maintaining proper blood volume.
Elevated ADH levels result in an increased reabsorption of water, leading to a decrease in urine output and a reduction in the overall loss of fluid from the body. This helps to maintain fluid balance and prevent dehydration, which can be dangerous in extreme cases.
In addition to ADH, other hormones, such as aldosterone, may also play a role in regulating fluid balance in the body, particularly in response to dehydration. However, ADH is the primary hormone that regulates fluid balance in response to acute changes in fluid levels, such as excessive sweating.
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the pulmonary trunk divides into the a. right and left brachiocephalic veins. b. pulmonary veins. c. right and left primary bronchi. d. pulmonary arteries.
the pulmonary trunk divides into the d. pulmonary arteries.
The pulmonary stem splits into two branches for what reason?The right ventricle of the heart's right ventricle is where the pulmonary trunk emerges. It divides into the left and right pulmonary arteries to supply blood for oxygenation of the lungs after passing behind the ascending aorta.
The aortic arch completely reverses direction. The pulmonary trunk, which divides into the two pulmonary arteries—of which this is the left—is located beneath the arch of the aorta. The ligamentum arteriosum is seen here. The left pulmonary veins and left major bronchus are also located below the arch.
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Environmental scientists study ways society can use up natural resources and are not concerned with preserving them for the future. True or False?
Environmental scientists study ways society can use up natural resources and are not concerned with preserving them for the future, which is false as the natural resources should be used in a sustainable manner.
What is the significance of environmental scientists?They study and conduct research on air and water pollution, climate change, and conservation biology and use their knowledge and skills to develop sustainable solutions that balance society's needs, as well as to educate people about the importance of preserving natural resources for future generations.
Hence, environmental scientists study ways society can use up natural resources and are not concerned with preserving them for the future, which is false as the natural resources should be used in a sustainable manner.
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Which of the following statements is correct?
Prokaryotes and eukaryotes both have DNA.
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic genetic material is stored within the nucleus.
Prokaryotes and eukaryotes both store genetic material in the form of linear chromosomes.
Prokaryotes and eukaryotes both store genetic material in the form of circular chromosomes.
A
B
C
D
Native element
minerals
Rust
Halide minerals
Sulfate minerals
1 ?
?
?
Minerals that contain
elements that combine
with chlorine, fluorine,
bromine, or iodine
An example of a common
oxide mineral
Contains atoms of a single
element
Contains the elements
sulfur and oxygen
Native element - Contains atoms of a single element
Rust - An example of a common oxide mineral
Halide minerals - Minerals that contain elements that combine with chlorine, fluorine, bromine, or iodine
Sulfate minerals - Contain the elements sulfur and oxygen
What are minerals?A mineral is an element or chemical compound that has formed as a result of geological processes and is often crystalline in nature. Examples include the minerals quartz, feldspar, calcite, sulfur, and clays like kaolinite and smectite.
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Which two statements characterize simple squamous epithelial tissue?
It lines blood vessels.
It lines most digestive organs.
It secretes mucus.
It allows for rapid diffusion or filtration.
It lines blood vessels. It lines most digestive organs two statements characterize simple squamous epithelial tissue.
What use does epithelial tissue serve?The epithelium, which also borders the bodily cavity, creates the skin's outer layer. It creates the lining of the reproductive, digestive, and excretory systems. They carry out several tasks, including absorption, defence, sensing, and secretion.
A malignant skin tumour that develops from epithelial keratinocytes and has some maturation towards keratin production is called cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). This kind of skin cancer is the second most prevalent after basal cell carcinoma.
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what is a difference between on-center ganglion cells and off-center ganglion cells?
Answer:
The major functional subdivision of ganglion cells in the mammalian retina is into ON- and OFF-center ganglion cells. ON-center cells are depolarized by illumination of their receptive field center (RFC), while OFF-center cells are depolarized by decreased illumination of their RFC.
Explanation:
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On-center and off-center ganglion cells are two types of retinal ganglion cells found in the vertebrate eye. These cells play a crucial role in visual processing by transmitting information from the retina to the brain. The on-center and off-center ganglion cells differ in their response to light and the location of their receptive fields.
On-center ganglion cells are most active when a light stimulus is presented in the center of their receptive field, while off-center ganglion cells are most active when a light stimulus is presented in the periphery of their receptive field. In other words, the receptive field of an on-center ganglion cell is excited by light in the center and inhibited by light in the surround, whereas the receptive field of an off-center ganglion cell is excited by light in the surround and inhibited by light in the center.
This means that when light is presented in the center of an on-center ganglion cell's receptive field, the cell is activated and sends a signal to the brain. Conversely, when light is presented in the periphery of an off-center ganglion cell's receptive field, the cell is activated and sends a signal to the brain.
The difference between on-center and off-center ganglion cells is thought to be important in visual processing, particularly in edge detection. When a sharp boundary between light and dark is present in the visual field, it activates both types of ganglion cells. The on-center cells are excited by the light in the center of the boundary, and the off-center cells are excited by the dark in the periphery of the boundary. The brain can then use this information to determine the location and orientation of the boundary, which is important for object recognition and spatial awareness.
In summary, the main difference between on-center and off-center ganglion cells is their response to light and the location of their receptive fields. On-center ganglion cells are excited by light in the center of their receptive field, while off-center ganglion cells are excited by light in the periphery of their receptive field. This difference is important in visual processing and is involved in edge detection and spatial awareness.
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which two statements describe how DNA and RNA function in protien synthesis?
DNA carries the blue print while it is transferred to the genes by the RNA
How does the DNA and the RNA combine in protein synthesis?In protein synthesis, DNA serves as a blueprint for creating messenger RNA (mRNA), which then carries the genetic information from the nucleus to the ribosome where it is translated into a specific protein. The mRNA codons, or sequences of three nitrogenous bases, are read by ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and matched with complementary transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules carrying specific amino acids.
The ribosome uses the information in the mRNA codons and the amino acids carried by tRNA to build a linear chain of amino acids, forming a protein.
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I need help asp please!!!
The keys are:
1. I. Fish with bones
II. Fish without bones
2. I. Fish with flat bodies
II. Fish without flat bodies
3. I. Fish with dark bodies
II. Fish without dark bodies.
4. I. Fish with scales
II. Fish without scales
What are fishes?Fish are gill-bearing, aquatic, craniate creatures that lack digitized limbs. The live hagfish, lampreys, cartilaginous and bony fish, as well as numerous extinct related groups, are included in this concept.
Fish can be divided into three primary categories: cartilaginous fish (Osteichthyes), jawless fish (Agnatha), and bony fish (Osteichthyes).
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Why is the finding by Dr. Verfaillie and her colleagues significant?
The finding by Dr. Verfaillie and her colleagues is significant for the work on the discovery of multipotent adult progenitor cells found in adult bone marrow and challenges the traditional view that adult stem cells are limited.
What is the significance of multipotent adult progenitor cells?These are stem cells found in adult bone marrow, and the potential of MAPCs to generate various cell types, including neurons, liver cells, etc., means that these cells can be used for regenerative medicine and cell-based therapies.
Hence, the finding by Dr. Verfaillie and her colleagues is significant for the work on the discovery of multipotent adult progenitor cells found in adult bone marrow and challenges the traditional view that adult stem cells are limited.
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which one of the following statements about the endomembrane system is correct?
Proteins that will be secreted from the cell are likely to be found in closed spaces bounded by membranes of the endomembrane system is incorrect about the endomembrane system.
The endomembrane system is defined as a series of compartments that work together to package, label, and ship proteins and molecules. In our cells, the endomembrane system is made up of cell organelles like endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus. These compartments are folds of membranes which forms tubes and sacs in our cells.
The endomembrane system includes different cell organelles like endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes. Basically, vesicles also allow the exchange of membrane components with a cell's plasma membrane.
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Design Your Offspring:
Create your imaginary offspring. Bring in a picture or drawing of yourself and of your sweetheart, favorite celebrity, or dream girl or guy (these are not included).
1. Attach your picture to your poster (these are not included). Next to each picture, describe the traits and give each a genotype. (Use your imagination)
2. Identify two different possible children. Show and describe the phenotypes and genotypes for each children.
3. Show a monohybrid cross using your trait. (Example. Mm x mm). Show the Punnet and the ratios produced. Include the genotype and phenotype in the punnet square.
Pa help po pls.... I really need help po. I'll mark brainliest who answered po.
Punnett squares are used to easily represent crosses and interpret possible genotypes and phenotypes among the offspring. 1) Freckles, hairline, tongue rolling, ear free-lobule. 2) Girl: FF Ww tt ee. Boy: ff Ww Tt ee. 3) 50% heterozygous Ff expressing freckles, 50% homozygous recessive with no freckles.
What is a Punnett square?
The Punnett square is a graphic representation that shows the different types of gamete combinations according to the alleles involved in a cross.
Punnett square shows the probabilities of getting offspring with different genotypes and their consequent phenotypes.
1) I will provide a few examples of traits expressed by a brother and sister (offspring).
Freckles (The dominant allele F codes for freckles)Girl ⇒ Has freckles, FF
Boy ⇒ Does not have freckles, ff
Hairline: Widow peak (The dominant allele W codes for widow peak)Girl and Boy ⇒ Both of them have Widow peak, Ww
Tongue's roll trait (the dominant allele T codes for rolling trait)Girl ⇒ Can not roll her tongue, tt
Boy ⇒ Can roll his tongue, Tt
Free-lobule (The dominant allele E codes for free-lobule)Girl and Boy ⇒ Both of them have attached lobule, ee
2)
The girl's phenotype: She has freckles, a widow peak, can not roll her tongue, and has attached earloble
The girl's genotype is FF Ww tt ee
The boy's phenotype: He does not have freckles, he has a widow peak, he can roll his tongue. and he has attached earloble.
The boy's genotype is ff Ww Tt ee
3) Monohybrid cross
Parentals) Ff x ff
Gametes) F f f f
Punnett square) F f
f Ff ff
f Ff ff
F1)
Genotype
50% of the offspring is expected to be heterozygous Ff
50% of the progeny is expected to be homozygous recessive ff
Genotypic ratio ⇒ 1:1
Phenotype
50% of the progeny is expected to have freckles
50% of the offspring is not expected to express freckles
Phenotypic ratio ⇒ 1:1
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The carbohydrates in your diet are a product of which process?
Cellular respiration
Photosynthesis
Ingestion
Mechanical digestion
Which option^ help!
Answer: Photosynthesis
Explanation: The carbohydrates in your diet are a product of photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy, which is stored in the form of carbohydrates (such as glucose). Carbohydrates are one of the three major macronutrients that are essential for human nutrition, and they are an important source of energy for our bodies.
While ingestion and mechanical digestion are important steps in the process of obtaining carbohydrates from our diet, the ultimate source of these carbohydrates is the plants and other photosynthetic organisms that produce them. Once we ingest the plant material, our bodies break down the carbohydrates through further digestion and cellular respiration in order to extract the energy they contain.
why is it necessary to stain bacterial cells in order to view them using brightfield microscopy
While most stains can only be used on fixed, non-living cells, it is possible to examine cells and components very clearly under the microscope to use a method called microscope cell staining.
Why is it important to stain bacteria?Since living bacteria are nearly colorless, it is difficult to distinguish them from the liquid in which they are floating. Staining is done to make the contrasts between the organisms as well as the backdrop stronger so that they may be seen more clearly under a light microscope.
What significance does staining have?Staining is employed to draw attention to significant tissue characteristics and to improve tissue contrast. Eosin, another staining dye used in histology, gives the cell's nucleus a pinkish stain whereas hematoxylin, a basic dye that is frequently employed in this technique, gives the nuclei a bluish tint.
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