The situations when Greek prefixes are used to specify the charge of elements in the names of polyatomic compounds. Therefore, option D is correct.
When and why are prefixes used when naming compounds?Because molecular compounds can form compounds with different element ratios, prefixes are used to specify the number of atoms of each element in a compound molecule. SF₆, sulfur hexafluoride, and N₂O₄, dinitrogen tetroxide are two examples.
Greek prefixes are used to indicate the number of atoms of each nonmetal element in the compound's chemical formula. The prefix "mono-" is not used if the compound contains only one atom of the element listed first in the name.
Thus, option D is correct.
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explain why mould did not grow well on the bread spinkled with lemon juice?
Answer:
The mold didn't grow as well on the bread sprinkled with lemon juice because lemon juice is acidic. Acids hinder the growth of many common fungi and bacteria.
The moulds are neither plants nor animals, they are part of the kingdom fungi. They are found in many colours including white. The acid hinders the growth of mould.
What is mould?The moulds are defined as the microscopic fungi that live on plant or animal matter. They can be found indoors and outdoors and they are part of our natural environment.
The some of the important factors which affect the mould growth are temperature, acidity, pH, moisture levels, etc. The lemon juice contains the acid citric acid. So it has acidic character.
The mould cannot grow well on the bread sprinkled with lemon juice because the lemon juice is acidic. The acids hinder the growth of several fungi and bacteria. The pH of lemon juice is around 3. So the acidic substances can kill a lot of moulds.
But vinegar does not kill all moulds and its pH is around 2.5.
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How are inner planets different from outer planets?
A Inner planets have few moons and no rings.
B Inner planets have many moons and few rings.
C Inner planets have many moons and rings.
D Inner planets have no moons or rings.
Answer:
Hello! :))
A. Inner planets have few moons and no rings.
Inner planets have no rings, shorter orbits, have a slower spin, made of rock and metal. They also have few to no moons. The outer planets have many moons and are known as gas giants as they are made of gases.
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g which fo the numbered hydroxyl groups reacts wit ht the circled hydrogen atom to form the new covalent bond i nthe dissacharide
In a dissacharide, a new covalent bond is formed between the hydroxyl group of one sugar molecule and the hydroxyl group of another sugar molecule. The new bond, known as a glycosidic bond, is an acetal linkage.
The reaction occurs between the hydroxyl group (OH) and the hydrogen atom (H) that is bonded to an anomeric carbon, a carbon atom adjacent to a hemiacetal. The reaction between the two groups forms a covalent bond and breaks the O-H bond in the hydroxyl group.
In the process of glycosylation, the stereochemistry of the anomeric carbon is changed, resulting in the formation of either alpha- or beta-anomers. The specific hydroxyl group that reacts with the circled hydrogen atom to form the new covalent bond depends on the stereochemistry of the anomeric carbon and the orientation of the hydroxyl group in the ring.
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Which fo the numbered hydroxyl groups reacts wit ht the circled hydrogen atom to form the new covalent bond i nthe dissacharide.
A. Ethanol
B. Sugar molecule
C. ester
D. None of the above
match the following words and definitions. 1. the splitting that occurs when the nucleus of an atom absorbs a neutron 2. giving off energy in the form of alpha particles, beta particles, or gamma rays 3. a small particle of an atom with a negative charge
4. the forming of larger atomic nuclei from smaller ones with a release of energy
radioactive fission electron
fusion
1. radioactive fission 2. giving off energy in the form of alpha particles, beta particles, or gamma rays 3. electron and 4. fusion
radioactive fission refers to the process of splitting the nucleus of an atom into smaller nuclei by absorbing a neutron. This often releases a large amount of energy and can produce radioactive isotopes as well as free neutrons. This process is used in nuclear reactors and weapons to generate energy and as a means of producing nuclear material.
The emission of energy in the form of alpha particles, beta particles, or gamma rays is a characteristic of radioactive decay. This occurs when an unstable nucleus sheds particles and energy to become more stable. Alpha particles are helium nuclei, beta particles are electrons or positrons, and gamma rays are high-energy photons.
An electron is a subatomic particle with a negative charge. It orbits the nucleus of an atom and plays a key role in chemical reactions and bonding. Fusion is the process of combining two atomic nuclei into a single, more massive nucleus. This releases a large amount of energy and is the process that powers the sun and other stars.
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How many grams of HGO can be produced by the complete reaction of 25.00 ml of liquid Hg?
The entire reactions of 25.00 ml of molten Hg can yield 5.416 g of HgO.
HgO can be dissolved or not.
HgO is 3.5 x 10-4 mol dm-3 in water soluble at 308 K.• When compared to 298 K, this temperature has a higher solubility in NaOH solutions. Furthermore, unlike at 298 K, when it is most soluble in water, the point of minimal absorption is in the very low alkaline area (Figure I).
The chemical equation that describes how Hg & O2 react to generate HgO is as follows:
2 Hg (l) + O2 (g) -> 2 HgO (s)
moles = 1 M * 0.025 L = 0.025 moles
Finally, to convert the number of moles to grams, multiply the number of moles by the molar mass of HgO, which is 216.59 g/mol.
mass = moles * molar mass
mass = 0.025 moles * 216.59 g/mol = 5.416 g
So, 5.416 g of HgO can be produced by the complete reaction of 25.00 ml of liquid Hg.
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When cleaning a buret, begin by coating the inside with____ (detergent/water/NaOH solution) most of it out, then drain the rest by ______
(opening the stopcock/disassembling the buret, turning the buret upside-down). Rinse with________ (deionized water/tap water/acetone), then hang upside-down on a buret rack.
When cleaning a buret, begin by coating the inside with NaOH solution most of it out, then drain the rest by opening the stopcock. Rinse with acetone , then hang upside-down on a buret rack.
Why do we rinse burette with solution?To avoid contamination, the burette, like the pipette, should be rinsed with distilled water before filling with the solution.
Rinse the buret with the liquid you intend to use two or three times. Fill the buret with a small amount of liquid, turn the pipet horizontally, and rotate it so that the liquid contacts the entire inside surface of the buret.
Thus, When cleaning a buret, begin by coating the inside with NaOH solution most of it out, then drain the rest by opening the stopcock.
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Suppose Pasteur’s swan-necked flasks containing boiled broth became cloudy twenty-four hours afterboiling. Which choice could best explain the turbidity or cloudiness in the broth without supportingspontaneous generation?a.Endospores in the broth survived boiling and grew after the broth cooled.b.Contaminating organisms in the broth killed by boiling became alive again after the brothcooled.c.Chemicals in the broth came together to form living organisms.d.The broth allowed light to pass through it with less interference after boiling.e.Solid material in the broth dissolved during boiling
A) After the broth cooled, the endospores in it continued to grow despite the boiling process.
What experiment did Pasteur conduct to refute spontaneous generation?Spontaneous Generation Is False In 1858, Pasteur used a gun-cotton filter to filter air and discovered that it was full of microorganisms after microscopic study. This finding suggested that air exposure did not give broth a "life force," but rather airborne germs.
Can endospores be ruined by dry heat?For instance, wet heat at 100°C destroys Bacillus anthracis endospores in 2–15 minutes, whereas dry heat at 140°C can take up to 180 minutes to do the same task.
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Which of these elements is/are known to form self-limiting oxide surface layers that are protective against further corrosion:A. IronB. AluminumC. ChromiumD. Copper
Aluminium and Chromium are known to form self-limiting oxide surface layers that are protective against further corrosion.
Stainless steel is a well-known example of an alloy that resists corrosion with the help of an oxide layer because the alloying element chromium (Cr) creates an impenetrable stable oxide layer (Cr2O3, also known as chromia) along the grain boundaries and surface.
The electrochemical process of anodizing transforms the metal surface into an attractive, long-lasting, corrosion-resistant anodic oxide finish. Although other nonferrous metals, such as magnesium and titanium, can also be anodized, aluminum is best suited for the process.
Normal protection for aluminum in air is provided by a molecule-thin layer of its own oxide.
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What is the formula of a compound containing K+ and O²+ ions?
the formula of a compound containing K+ and O²+ ions is Potassium oxide, K2O
what is Potassium oxide, K2O?
The ionic compound of potassium and oxygen is known as potassium oxide (K2O). This is the base. It is the simplest potassium oxide, and it is a pale yellow solid. It is an uncommon compound that is extremely reactive. A certain percent composition is used in the analysis of some industrial materials, such as cement and fertilizers, in order to approximate K2O.
The structure of K2O crystallizes as an antifluorite. In this motif, potassium ions are coordinated to 4 oxide ions and oxide ions to 8 potassium, which is the opposite of how the anions and cations were positioned in CaF2. When the basic oxide K2O reacts violently with water, caustic potassium hydroxide is formed. Since it is deliquescent, it will draw moisture from the air and start this powerful reaction.
As a fertilizer, it is extensively used in the agricultural sector. Additionally, the production of soap and glass both use potassium oxide. It is also known that potassium oxide is used in some medical procedures.
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How many atoms of carbon are in 300 molecules of CH3CO2H?
Answer:
there are 1.305
How much dry solute would you take to prepare each of the following solutions from the dry solute and the solvent?
A.) 130 mL of 0.440 M KCl
B.) 116 g of 0.220 m NaNO3
C.) 116 g of 1.7 % KCl solution by mass
D.) How much solvent would you take to prepare the solution in part B?
E.) How much solvent would you take to prepare the solution in part C?
To prepare the solution in part B, you would need 1360 mL of solvent.
To prepare the solution in part C, you would need 26.4 mL of solvent
How to prepare each of the following solutions from the dry solute and the solvent?A) To prepare 130 mL of a 0.440 M solution of KCl, you would need 0.440 M * 130 mL = 57.2 g of KCl.
B) To prepare 116 g of a 0.220 M solution of NaNO3, you would need 116 g / (85.01 g/mol) = 1.36 mol of NaNO3.
This would require 1.36 mol * 1000 mL/1 mol = 1360 mL of solvent.
C) To prepare 116 g of a 1.7% (by mass) KCl solution, you would need 116 g * (1.7 g/100 g) = 1.97 g of KCl.
This would require 1.97 g / (74.55 g/mol) = 0.0264 mol of KCl.
This would require 0.0264 mol * 1000 mL/1 mol = 26.4 mL of solvent.
D) To prepare the solution in part B, you would need 1360 mL of solvent.
E) To prepare the solution in part C, you would need 26.4 mL of solvent.
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Calculate the amount of heat in kilocalories needed to melt 56.0 g of ice at 0 °C and warm the liquid to 65 °C. His = 80. cal/g; Hvap = 540 cal/g; SH = 1.00 cal/g
Answer:
The amount of heat in kilocalories needed to melt 56.0 g of ice at 0 °C and warm the liquid to 65 °C is 10,368 kilocalories. This can be calculated using the equation Q = His + Hvap + SH(Tif-Ti), where His is the heat absorbed during solid-state, Hvap is the heat carried away by vaporization and SH is the specific heat of the substance. For ice, His = 80. cal/g, Hvap = 540 cal/g and SH = 1.00 cal/g. Tif is the final temperature and Ti is the initial temperature. In this case, Tif = 65 °C and Ti = 0 °C, so: Q = 80 + 540 + 1.00(65-0) = 10,368 kilocalories.
10,368 kilocalories is the amount of heat needed to melt 56.0 g of ice at 0 °C and warm the liquid to 65 °C.
What is heat?According to thermodynamics, heat is a type of energy that crosses a thermodynamic system's border due to a temperature differential across the barrier.
In a thermodynamic system, heat is not present. However the phrase is also frequently employed when referring towards the thermal energy that makes up a system's internal energy and is reflected in the system's temperature.
Q = His + Hvap + SH(Tif-Ti)
His =heat absorbed during solid-state
Hvap =heat carried away by vaporization
SH =specific heat of the substance
For ice, His = 80. cal/g
Hvap = 540 cal/g
SH = 1.00 cal/g.
Tif =final temperature
Ti =initial temperature
Tif = 65 °C
Ti = 0 °C
Q = 80 + 540 + 1.00(65-0) = 10,368 kilocalories.
Therefore, 10,368 kilocalories is the amount of heat needed to melt 56.0 g of ice at 0 °C and warm the liquid to 65 °C.
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Two pure elements react to form a compound. One element is an alkali metal, X, and the other is a halogen, Z. What can you say about the compound?
a. It has the formula XZ
b. It does not dissolve in water c. It contains tonic bonds.
d. It contains covalent bonds.
What can be said about compounds of two pure elements that break apart is b. It does not dissolve in water
What are halogens?Halogens are one of six non-metallic elements that make up group 17 (Group VIIa) on the periodic table.
Group VIIa elements are called halogens which consist of fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), Iodine (I), and Astatine (At). The element has 7 valence electrons in the ns2 np5 subshell.
This electron configuration ultimately makes the halogen elements highly reactive. In addition, halogens also tend to absorb one electron to form a negatively charged ion.
If two pure elements react to form a compound. One element is the alkali metal X, and the other element is the halogen, Z, so these compounds will not dissolve in water.
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Help!!! ILL MARK YOU AS BRAINLIST
A basketball player is 6.6 feet tall and weighs 210 pounds. Calculate his height and weight using metric units. (Show calculations, report correct significant figures and units)
The height and weight in metric units is 2.01m tall and 2.7 nm weight.
What is metric units?A measurement system in which the basic units are the meter, second, and kilogram.A conversion factor seems to be a number that is utilized to multiply or divide one set of units by another set of units. The appropriate conversion factor must be used when converting to an equal value.To achieve accuracy and avoid measurement confusion, we must convert one unit to another.When converting 6.6 feet tall to metric units:
6.6ft x (0.3048m/1ft)
= 2.01168m
= 2.01m
Similarly converting 210 pounds to meters :
The in lbs to nm converter converts 210 inch pounds to newton meters and vice versa. Divide the number of newton meters in 210 inch pounds by 8.85.
So here,
210 /8.85
= 23.7288135593 nm
= 23.7 nm
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What is the best procedure for remove bubbles adhering to the surface of the metal?
1. None they do not need to be removed.
2. Swirling the contents of the cylinder with a glass rod.
3. Gently tapping the side of the graduated cylinder.
4. Shaking the graduated cylinder vigorously.
Initially, clean the surface, Isopropyl alcohol (IPA) and water used in a 50:50 ratio will usually work well to scrub away most stains. While water will eliminate dirt and collected dust, alcohol will dissolve light oil.
Which facilitates air bubble removal?To get rid of air bubbles, add borax or aluminum powder. Through this procedure, the air bubbles in the glass are released.Now that a gas or gas mixture has been introduced into the vessel 1's interior via the pressure attachment, the polymer solution P is being subjected to a superatmospheric pressure, which in this case is being produced by the gas or gas mixture that has been added, in order to remove the bubbles from the polymer solution P.Initially, clean the surface. Isopropyl alcohol (IPA) and water used in a 50:50 ratio will usually work well to scrub away most stains. While water will eliminate dirt and collected dust, alcohol will dissolve light oil.To learn more about bubble removal refer to:
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which is least polar H-O or H-P
The least polar is H-P when it is compared with H-O.
What is Polarity?This is referred to as a term which is depicted by the separation of electric charge leading to a molecule or its chemical groups having an electric dipole moment, with a negatively charged end and a positively charged end.
H-P is actually non polar since the difference was zero while H-O bond which is present in a water molecule is polarized due to the large difference in the electronegativity values of the oxygen and hydrogen atoms and is therefore the reason why the least polar substance in this scenario is H-P.
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The bond that is least polar is H-P
What is polarity?Polarity refers to the distribution of electrical charge within a molecule or ion. Polarity arises from the unequal sharing of electrons in a covalent bond, or from the presence of ions with different charges.
Polarity plays an important role in determining the chemical and physical properties of a substance, as well as in its interactions with other polar or non-polar substances. For example, polar substances tend to dissolve well in polar solvents, while non-polar substances tend to dissolve well in non-polar solvents.
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A mole of oxygen (O2) molecules and a mole of carbon dioxide (CO2) molecules at the same temperature and pressure have
different volumes.
the same number of molecules.
the same number of atoms.
different average kinetic energy per molecule.
A mole of oxygen (O2) molecules and a mole of carbon dioxide (CO2) molecules at the same temperature and pressure have higher average kinetic energy per molecule.
At the same temperature and pressure, a mole of oxygen (O2) molecules and a mole of carbon dioxide (CO2) molecules have the same number of molecules because a mole is defined as the amount of a substance that contains the same number of particles (Avogadro's number, approximately 6.022 x [tex]10^23[/tex]) regardless of the identity of the substance. The average kinetic energy per molecule is related to the temperature of the gas and the mass of the molecule. Therefore, a mole of oxygen molecules has a higher average kinetic energy per molecule than a mole of carbon dioxide molecules at the same temperature.
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Why does Jim say he is not including the location of Treasure Island in chapters 1-3 of Treasure Island?
A. He does not remember where it is.
B. There is still treasure on it.
C. It is too dangerous of a place.
D. He is ashamed of what happened there.
Jim say that he is not including in the location of Treasure Island because 'it is too dangerous of a place'.
What do you mean by Treasure Island?
Treasure Island is an 1883 adventure novel by Scottish author Robert Louis Stevenson. It tells the story of Jim Hawkins, a young man on a quest to find buried treasure on a tropical island. The novel is regarded as a classic of children's literature, and it is one of the most frequently dramatized novels of all time.
Treasure Island is a fictitious island full of danger and adventure. Jim understands that visiting this island would be dangerous, so he has decided to stay away. He believes it is too dangerous a location to include in his travels.
Hence, option C is correct.
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Which example demonstrates divergence?(1 point)
Answer fast pls
Responses
Species A goes extinct.
Species A goes extinct.
Species A and B evolve into species C.
Species A and B evolve into species C.
Species A evolves into species B and C.
Species A evolves into species B and C.
Species A does not evolve.
The example that demonstrates divergence is as follows: Species A evolves into species B and C (option C).
What is divergence in biology?Divergence as it relates to evolution refers to an evolutionary process wherein a population of an inbreeding species diverges into two or more descendant species that have become more and more dissimilar in terms of forms and structures.
In essence, groups from the same common ancestor evolve and accumulate differences, resulting in the formation of new species.
According to this question, option C is the correct answer.
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1) A 3.91 mol sample of Kr has a volume of 347 mL. How many moles of Kr are in a 6.30 L sample at the same temperature and pressure?
2) Hydrazine, N2H4 , reacts with oxygen to form nitrogen gas and water.
N2H4(aq)+O2(g)⟶N2(g)+2H2O(l)
If 3.15 g of N2H4 reacts with excess oxygen and produces 0.550 L of N2 , at 295 K and 1.00 atm, what is the percent yield of the reaction?
A 3.91 mol sample of Kr has a volume of 347 mL. 70.9mole of Kr are in a 6.30 L sample at the same temperature and pressure.
What is ideal gas?The ideal gas, sometimes known as the perfect gas, is a gas that, in physical behavior, corresponds to a certain idealized connection between pressure, volume, and temperature known as the ideal, or general, gas law.
This law is a generalisation that includes both Boyle's and Charles' laws as special instances, and it asserts that for a given quantity of gas, the combination of volume V as well as pressure P is proportionate to absolute temperature T; that is, PV = kT, where k is a constant. This type of relationship for a material is known as its equation of state, and it is adequate to define its gross behavior.
V[tex]_1[/tex]/n[tex]_1[/tex]=V[tex]_2[/tex]/n[tex]_2[/tex]
substituting all the given values, we get
347 / 3.91 = 6300/n[tex]_2[/tex]
n[tex]_2[/tex]=6300/88.74=70.9mole
Therefore, the number of moles is 70.9mole.
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What is the hybridization and the bond angle in SO3?
Answer and Explanation:
In SO3, sulfur is the central atom and is bonded to three oxygen atoms.
To determine the hybridization of the central atom in SO3, we first need to count the number of electron groups around the sulfur atom. An electron group can be a lone pair of electrons or a bond (single, double or triple bond) to another atom.
In SO3, the sulfur atom is bonded to three oxygen atoms, and there are no lone pairs on the sulfur atom. Therefore, the total number of electron groups around the sulfur atom is 3.
The hybridization of the central atom in SO3 is sp2. This means that the sulfur atom has three hybrid orbitals that are involved in bonding with the oxygen atoms.
The bond angle in SO3 is approximately 120 degrees. This is because the three oxygen atoms are arranged symmetrically around the central sulfur atom, with each bond angle at 120 degrees.
Which statement best describes the difference between a combustion reaction and a single-replacement reaction?
• Combustion reactions are always redox reactions.
• Combustion reactions are always exothermic.
• Single replacement reactions always involve oxygen.
• Single-replacement reactions are always combustion reactions.
Distinguishes a single-replacement reaction from a combustion reaction. One element in a compound is switched out for another in a single replacement reaction.
What does a combustion reaction look like?The oxygen present in the air and the fuel, which is wood, continually react in a combustion process. While the fog you see is co2, the fire that is created is energy been released in a protracted exothermic process.
What happens when something burns?An item quickly reacts with oxygen in the biological process of burning to create heat. The initial material is referred to as the feed, and the oxygen's source as the oxidizer. Although it is often a liquid for airplane propulsion, the fuel could be a hard, liquids, or gas.
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The colorless gas nitryl chloride (ClNO2) reacts with water to give a mixture of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid .
(a) Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction.
(b) Determine the concentration (in moles per liter) of each of the acids that result from the complete reaction of 5.82×10-2 moles of nitryl chloride with enough water to give a solution volume of 609 mL.
nitric acid : ?M
hydrochloric acid : ?M
(a) The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is:
ClNO2 + H2O → HCl + HNO3
(b)The concentrations of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid in the solution are both[tex]9.6 * 10^{-5} moles/L[/tex].
(a) The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is:
ClNO2 + H2O → HCl + HNO3
(b) The concentration of each acid in the solution can be calculated by using the equation:
moles acid = (moles reactant × mole ratio of acid) / solution volume
For nitric acid:
moles HNO3 = [tex]\frac{ (5.82 * 10^{-2 }moles ClNO2 * 1 mol HNO3 / 1 mol ClNO2) }{609 mL}[/tex]
moles HNO3 = [tex]9.6 * 10^{-5} moles/L[/tex]
For hydrochloric acid:
moles HCl =[tex]\frac{(5.82 * 10{-2} moles ClNO2 * 1 mol HCl / 1 mol ClNO2) }{ 609 mL}[/tex]
moles HCl =[tex]9.6 * 10^{-5} moles/L[/tex]
Therefore, the concentrations of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid in the solution are both[tex]9.6 * 10^{-5} moles/L[/tex]
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A chemist has two solutions containing unknown salts in water. She determines that each has a solute concentration of 0.5 M. Which of the following will certainly NOT distinguish the two solutions from each other? choose one
-viscosity
-conductivity
-density
-vapor pressure
Viscosity, conductivity, and density are all physical properties that can be affected by solute concentration, but vapor pressure will not distinguish the two solutions from each other.
Vapor pressure is the pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with its liquid or solid form. The vapor pressure of a solution depends on the vapor pressure of the pure solvent and the mole fraction of the solute. If two solutions have the same solute concentration, they will have the same mole fraction of solute and the same vapor pressure, even if they contain different salts.
Therefore, vapor pressure will not distinguish the two solutions from each other. However, viscosity, conductivity, and density can all be used to distinguish the two solutions. The viscosity of a solution depends on the size and shape of the solute molecules and their interactions with the solvent molecules. The conductivity of a solution depends on the presence of ions and their mobility. The density of a solution depends on the mass and volume of the solute and solvent. By measuring these properties, a chemist can determine the properties of the solute and determine if the two solutions are different.
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from the following items, which is closest in size to one mole of gas at stp? group of answer choices a microwave a car an elephant a marble
A microwave is a proper response (option C). At Standard Temperatures and Pressures (STP), a mole of gas equals 6.022 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] particles, which is a very huge volume of gas.
This is a huge number that is significantly larger than the majority of daily things. The size of a mole of gas at STP is considerably less than that of an automobile, an elephant, or even a marble.
Conversely, a microwave is the closest in size to this extraordinarily big volume of gas, even though it is still considerably less than a mole of gas at STP.
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The question is -
From the following items, which is closest in size to one mole of gas at STP?
A) A car
B) An elephant
C) A microwave
D) A marble
A vessel containing the following gases is analyzed by a scientist:He, Ne, Ar, KrWhich of the following gases would be moving the slowest?A) NeB) ArC) KrD) He
The slowest moving gas would be He, since He has the lowest atomic weight of all the gases being analyzed.
This means that He molecules have the least amount of energy, and thus move the slowest. The speed at which a gases molecule moves is determined by its kinetic energy, which is proportional to the square of its mass. Therefore, the He molecules have the least kinetic energy and thus move the slowest. This is because He has the lowest atomic weight of all the gases: He (2.0), Ne (20.2), Ar (39.9), and Kr (83.8). The higher the atomic weight, the greater the kinetic energy and thus the faster the molecules will move.
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In blank one, use IUPAC nomenclature to name the organic product of the reaction
of cyclopentanol and 1-butanol.
In blank 2, provide the common name of the organic product of the reaction.
1. ————————
2. ————————
IUPAC nomenclature for naming organic reaction products cyclopentanol and 1-butanol is 1. Cyclopentanone 2. Ketocyclopentane
What is IUPAC nomenclature?
The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry's (IUPAC) nomenclature of organic chemistry is a system for naming organic chemical compounds in chemical nomenclature (IUPAC). It appears in the Organic Chemistry Nomenclature (informally called the Blue Book). Every potential organic molecule should ideally have a name that can be used to generate a clear structural formula.
Inorganic chemistry has its own IUPAC terminology as well.
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A gas has a pressure of 1.43 atm and occupies
a volume of 7.7 L. If the gas is compressed to
a volume of 1.64 L, what will its pressure be,
assuming constant temperature?
Considering the Boyle's law, if the gas is compressed to a volume of 1.64 L, the pressure will be 6.714 atm.
Definition of Boyle's lawBoyle's law establishes the relationship between the pressure and the volume of a gas when the temperature is constant. Boyle's Law states that the pressure of a gas in a closed container is inversely proportional to the volume of the container: If the pressure increases, the volume decreases while if the pressure decreases, the volume increases.
The mathematical expression of this law is
P×V=k
where
P is the pressure.V is the volume.k is a constant.Being an initial state 1 and a final state 2, it is fulfilled:
P₁×V₁=P₂×V₂
Final pressure in this caseIn this case, you know:
P₁= 1.43 atmV₁= 7.7 LP₂= ?V₂= 1.64 LReplacing in Boyle's law:
1.43 atm× 7.7 L=P₂× 1.64 L
Solving:
(1.43 atm× 7.7 L)÷1.64 L=P₂
6.714 atm= P₂
Finally, the pressure will be 6.714 atm.
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Select the pair of substances in which the one with the higher vapor pressure at a given temperature is listed first.A)C7H16, C5H12 D)CH3CH2OH, CH3–O–CH3 B)CCl4, CBr4 E)Xe, Kr C)H2O, H2S
The pair of substances in which the one with the higher vapor pressure at a given temperature is CCl₄, CBr₄.
Vapour pressure is defined as a measure of the tendency of a material to change into the gaseous or vapour state, with increase in temperature. The temperature at which the vapour pressure of a liquid at the surface becomes equal to the pressure exerted by the surroundings is known as the boiling point of the liquid.
Let's see an example, water boils at sea level and its vapor pressure is 1 atmosphere because the external pressure is also 1 atmosphere.
Hence, the pair of substances in which the one with the higher vapor pressure at a given temperature is CCl₄, CBr₄.
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Suppose that Daniel has a 2.50 L bottle that contains a mixture of O2 , N2 , and CO2 under a total pressure of 4.70 atm. He knows that the mixture contains 0.270 mol N2 and that the partial pressure of CO2 is 0.250 atm. If the temperature is 273 K, what is the partial pressure of O2 ?
The total pressure of a gas is defined as the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases. The partial pressure of O₂ is 2.03 atm.
What is partial pressure?The partial pressure of a component gas in a mixture is defined as the pressure that gas would exert if present alone in the vessel at the same temperature as that of the mixture.
Total pressure, P = p₁ + p₂ + p₃ + ...
From the ideal gas equation the number of moles of N₂ can be calculated as:
PV = nRT (Ideal gas equation)
n = PV / RT
R is the gas constant (0.0821 )
n = 4.70 × 2.50 / 0.0821 × 273
n = 0.5243 mol
Mole fraction = Number of moles / Total number of moles
Mole fraction of N₂ = 0.270 / 0.5243 = 0.5149
Partial pressure of a gas = Mole fraction × Total pressure
pN₂ = 0.5149 × 4.70 = 2.420 atm
P = pO₂ + pN₂ + pCO₂
4.70 = pO₂ +2.420 + 0.250
pO₂ = 2.03 atm
Thus partial pressure of O₂ is 2.03 atm.
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