Ordinarily, a lumpectomy is trailed by four to about a month and a half of radiation treatment to guarantee that there are not any more leftover malignant growth cells.
Lumpectomies are not suggested for patients who can't endure radiation. A few patients who have chemotherapy initially may think about it too.
Mastectomy is a surgery for the evacuation of a knob, one or both sinuses, which, generally speaking, is demonstrated for individuals determined to have malignant growth, and can be fractional, when just a piece of the tissue or simply the knob is eliminated, absolutely, when the bosom is totally taken out or even revolutionary, when, notwithstanding the bosom, close by muscles and tissues that might have been impacted by the cancer are eliminated.
Furthermore, mastectomy can likewise be preventive, to diminish the gamble of ladies creating bosom malignant growth, or it can have a tasteful reason, on account of a medical procedure with masculinizing expectation, for instance.
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what direction do the phosphate heads of the bilayer of phospholipids in the plasma membrane face?
The structures that line the cells are the plasma membrane and the cell walls. The phosphate heads of the bilayer of phospholipids in the plasma membrane face Outward.
The head of a phospholipid, also known as its "water-loving" portion, consists of a negatively charged phosphate group and an additional small group, either of which may also be charged or polar. Phospholipids in a membrane bilayer have hydrophilic heads that face outward and interact with the aqueous (watery) fluid both inside and outside the cell. As a polar molecule, water readily engages the phospholipid heads in electrostatic (charge-based) interactions.
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all the following are found in most prokaryotic cells except: a) DNA.
b) a cell wall.
c) a plasma membrane.
d) ribosomes.
e) an endoplasmic reticulum.
e) an endoplasmic reticulum is not found in most prokaryotic cells.
define prokaryotic cells ?
Prokaryotic cells are typically smaller and simpler in structure than eukaryotic cells, and they lack many of the membrane-bound organelles found in eukaryotic cells.
a) DNA is found in the nucleoid region of most prokaryotic cells, which is not surrounded by a membrane.
b) A cell wall is a common structure in most prokaryotic cells, providing structure and protection.
c) A plasma membrane is present in most prokaryotic cells and serves as a barrier, regulating the flow of materials into and out of the cell.
d) Ribosomes are found in most prokaryotic cells and are the site of protein synthesis.
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Failure of the testes to descend into the scrotal sac prior to birth is called: a. testicular torsion. b. anorchidism. c. anorchia. d. orchialgia
Failure of the testes to descend into the scrotal sac prior to birth is called cryptorchidism.
Cryptorchidism is a congenital (present at birth) condition in which one or both testicles fail to descend from the abdomen into the scrotal sac. This can occur for various reasons, including hormonal imbalances, structural abnormalities, or undescended testicular tissue. Cryptorchidism can lead to infertility, testicular cancer, and other health problems if left untreated. It is typically diagnosed in infants or young boys and can be treated through surgery to place the testicle in the scrotal sac. Early diagnosis and treatment are important to ensure the best outcome and to minimize the risk of long-term health complications.
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which type of blood vessel carries oxygen-depleted blood back to the heart?
Answer:
the Vena Cava carries oxygen depleted blood back
There are similarities and differences between cell membranes of plants and animals. Drag each statement about cell membranes to the appropriate bin to describe these similarities and differences.
The main difference between plant and animal cell membranes is that plant cell membranes contain cellulose microfibrils while animal cell membranes contain cholesterol to regulate fluidity.
A few normal assertions about cell films in plants and creatures, and whether they depict a similitude or a distinction:
Similarities:
1.Both plant and creature cell films are made out of a lipid bilayer.
2.The two sorts of cell films go about as specifically porous obstructions, permitting specific substances to cross while barring others.
3.Both plant and creature cell films contain proteins for underlying scaffolding and for working with transport of substances across the layer.
Contrasts:
1.Plant cell films contain cellulose microfibrils, which offer extra mechanical help, while creature cell layers don't.
2.Plant cell films are frequently thicker and more unbending than creature cell layers, because of the presence of cellulose microfibrils.
3.Creature cell layers contain cholesterol, which controls ease, while plant cell films don't.
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The complete question is:
There are similarities and differences between cell membranes of plants and animals. give each statement about cell membranes to describe these similarities and differences.
what is the main substance that blood carries to all of your cells?
A group of scientists are studying the microhabitat on the inside of a hollow log. Twice a year, they take samples of the wood and make observations about organisms living in the log. They observe that the types of bacteria and fungi living in the log change over time. The properties of the wood inside of the log also change. Which of the following statements best describes why the types of organisms in the log change over time? A. Different organisms are adapted for different conditions. B. Some organisms are adapted to live in a wide range of conditions. C. Organisms in the log stabilize the conditions in their environment. D. Organisms in the log do not compete for available resources.
How are microorganisms beneficial to humans?
Answer: they help you digest food, protect against infection and even maintain your reproductive health.
Explanation:
Guano from fish-eating birds is a commercial source of this element.
answer choices
O Carbon
O Phosphorous
O Sulfur
O Potassium
Guano from fish-eating birds is a commercial source of Phosphorous element.
'What are the source of Phosphorous?'
A mineral called phosphorus can be obtained as a supplement and is present in many foods naturally. In the body, it has many functions. Bones, teeth, and cell membranes all contain this essential component. Maintaining a stable blood pH and aiding in the activation of enzymes are both benefits.
Because it is a component of DNA, RNA, and ATP, the body's primary energy source, phosphorus also plays a role in maintaining the regular operation of our nerves, muscles, and even the heart. Levels of phosphorus in the body are strictly controlled by the kidneys, bones, and intestines.
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A hospital client was swabbed on admission for antibiotic-resistant organisms and has just been informed that methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) is present in his groin. The client has a normal core temperature and white blood cell count. This client is experiencing:
A hospital client was swabbed on admission for antibiotic-resistant organisms and has just been informed that MRSA is present in his groin. He is suffering from colonization.
Colonization is the taking over of a habitat or territory by a biological community or by a single population of a species in an ecological niche. All species, from simpler creatures like bacteria, archaea, and fungi, to more complex ones like plants and animals, are subject to biological colonization. The phrase also refers to the human species colonizing new lands, even planets. When unfilled habitats, territories, or niches become available, or when organisms develop the ability to survive and reproduce in the new niches' environmental circumstances, biological colonization is a dynamic process that starts.
On several scales, colonization takes place. The most fundamental kind of biofilm is the development of microbial colonies on surfaces. On a smaller scale, potentially as a result of environmental change, such as when settling new areas. Additionally, on a global scale, when a species widens its range to include additional territories
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what did scientists discover as they observed magnetism of seafloor rocks?
Magnetic polarity in the seabed was found to be normal near mid-ocean ridges but flipped in symmetrical patterns distant from the ridge centre.
Seafloor spreading is a phenomenon that happens along mid-ocean ridges when new oceanic crust is generated by volcanic activity and subsequently travels away from the ridge. Strange patterns were observed by magnetometers in the waters. This striped pattern is similar to what they observed on the bottom. In the middle of this photograph, there is a dark purple line.
The other colours are symmetrical around the dark purple line. Magnetic stripes in the seas are symmetrical along a mid-ocean ridge axis. Magnetometers were also carried by warships. Magnetometers, like echo sounders, were employed to locate submarines. Magnetometers revealed a lot about the magnetic characteristics of the seafloor as well.
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State three reasons why the buffalo population increased after being placed in the
Serengeti National Park.
In recent years, conservation efforts, responsible farming, and an ambitious rehabilitation effort have led to a boom in the buffalo population. Small and isolated, the population is growing with about 350,000 plains buffalo in production herds, 30,000 in public herds, and about 20,000 in tribal herds.
What is Conservation?Nature conservation is defined as the ethical philosophy and conservation movement that focuses on protecting species from extinction, maintaining and restoring habitats, enhancing ecosystem services, and protecting biological diversity.
An example of conservation is a program to try to preserve wetlands, a program to try to save old buildings, etc.
Thus, conservation efforts, responsible farming, and an ambitious rehabilitation effort have led to a boom in the buffalo population.
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TRUE/FALSE. if you understand the types of fossils, you should be able to predict what type of fossil is most likely to yield dna evidence.
True we should be able to predict what type of fossil is most likely to yield dna evidence.
Intact fossils are the most likely to yield DNA evidence because the organic remains are preserved intact. Also, the younger the fossil, the more likely it is to contain intact DNA.An ancient plant or animal that has been preserved as a fossil, remnant, imprint, or trace in the Earth's crust. The vast amount of information preserved in fossils that can be discovered all over the planet is the primary repository for knowledge regarding the evolution of life on Earth. Only a small percentage of extinct species have been preserved as fossils, and often only those with a sturdy skeleton are capable of doing so. A calcareous skeleton or shell is present in the majority of major groups of invertebrate creatures. Other types have silicon dioxide or calcium phosphate shells (both of which are found in the bones of vertebrates). Although they become petrified (changed to a stony substance) over time, these biological tissues may be preserved in a shell or bone that is buried immediately after deposition.
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Se the drop-down menus to complete the statements.
Poaching
is the illegal capture or killing of wild animals.
Habitat destruction
results in the complete loss of an organism’s home.
can use up important resources that other organisms need.
is the release of harmful substances into th
Habitat destruction refers to the loss or degradation of natural habitats, including forests, wetlands, grasslands, and coastal areas, as a result of human activities.
Such as deforestation, urbanization, agriculture, and resource extraction.
Habitat destruction is a major threat to biodiversity, as it can result in the loss of species and ecosystems.
When habitats are destroyed, the animals, plants, and other organisms that depend on those habitats are forced to either adapt to new conditions or die.
This can disrupt food chains and ecosystem processes, leading to declines in species populations and potentially even extinction.
In addition, habitat destruction can also cause soil erosion, increase the risk of natural disasters, and reduce the ability of ecosystems to provide important services, such as air and water filtration and climate regulation.
Currently, it is believed that habitat destruction is the main reason why species are vanishing from the planet. Environmental variables may indirectly cause habitat degradation.
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enzyme that breaks down starches into simple carbohydrates, called
amylase enzymes are responsible for the break down of starches.
What is amylase?An amylase is an enzyme that accelerates the breakdown of starch into sugars. Humans and certain other mammals produce amylase in their saliva, where it starts the body's chemical process of digesting.
The pancreas and salivary glands both secrete human amylase. These enzymes break down dietary starch and glycogen. The enzyme activity of human salivary and pancreatic amylases are identical. However, their electrophoretic mobility, molecular weight, and carbohydrate content vary.
Since salivary amylase is transported with the meal into the stomach and small intestine, where it continues to be active, salivary amylase may be responsible for a significant portion of the digestion of starch and glycogen.
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independent of possible effects of trout, what is the reduction in frog density caused by the addition of parasites? a. 125.8 frogs/10 m2 b. 68.8 frogs/10 m2 c. 54.4 frogs/10 m2 d. 111.5 frogs/10 m2
Independent of the effects of trout, there is a reduction of 68.8 in frog density per 10 m2 of pond surface area, when parasites are added.
Trout are freshwater fish species from the genera Oncorhynchus, Salmo, and Salvelinus, which are all members of the Salmoninae subfamily of the Salmonidae family. Some non-salmonid fish have names that include the word trout, such as Cynoscion nebulosus, spotted seatrout, or speckled trout.
Lake trout and most other trout live exclusively in freshwater lakes and rivers, although some, such as steelhead, a kind of coastal rainbow trout, might spend two or three years at sea before returning to freshwater to reproduce (a habit more typical of salmon).
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A) What do differentiated cells first organize themselves into?
Responses
organ systems
organ systems
tissues
tissues
organs
organs
a new organism
B)Which statement best explains why cell differentiation is essential to the structure and function of multicellular organisms?
Responses
It fixes mutations in DNA that were created during replication.
It fixes mutations in , D N A, that were created during replication.
It produces the proteins needed for chemical reactions to keep the body moving.
It produces the proteins needed for chemical reactions to keep the body moving.
It makes the cells grow larger as the body grows.
It makes the cells grow larger as the body grows.
It creates the specialized cells needed to form tissues and organs.
C)Why are the fingers of a human separated by gaps?
Responses
the cells experienced morphogenesis
the cells experienced morphogenesis
the cells in between mutated
the cells in between mutated
the cells in between were programmed to die
the cells in between were programmed to die
the cells in between failed to grow
D) What keeps the red blood cell count stable despite production of new cells?
Responses
cell differentiation
programmed cell death
cell division
blood loss
Following are the answers:
A) Differentiated cells first organize themselves into tissues.
B) It creates the specialized cells needed to form tissues and organs.
C) The cells in between were programmed to die.
D) Programmed cell death keeps the red blood cell count stable despite production of new cells.
What is programmed cell death?Programmed cell death, also known as apoptosis, is a normal process in which cells in the body are intentionally and systematically destroyed as a part of normal development, tissue maintenance, and disease management. The purpose of this process is to eliminate cells that are damaged, old, or no longer needed.
During apoptosis, the cell undergoes a series of molecular and biochemical events that lead to its death. These events include the activation of specific enzymes that degrade the cell's internal structures, membrane permeability changes, and eventual fragmentation and removal of the cell by surrounding cells or the immune system. Apoptosis is crucial for maintaining the balance between cell production and cell death, ensuring that cells do not multiply uncontrollably and cause diseases like cancer.
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Place the organisms or events in order from when they first appeared on earth to present (ma = millions of years ago and ta = thousands of years ago).
The correct order of organisms or events that first appeared on Earth up to the present were:
Planet Earth formed: 4600 million years ago (MA).First life appeared on Earth: 3850 MA.First unicellular life evolved: 3.8 billion years ago.First multicellular life developed: 900 MA.Fungi and plants arose: 500 MA.Insects and arachnids appeared: 400 MA.Humans learned to use fire and cook: 50,000 years ago (TA).Organisms that first appeared on Earth up to the present day include single-celled organisms such as bacteria, protists, and archaea, which are thought to have appeared around 3.5 billion years ago.
More complex multicellular organisms, such as animals, plants, and fungi, appeared much later, around 600 million years ago. Major evolutionary events such as the development of sexual reproduction, the Cambrian Explosion, the emergence of flowering plants and land animals, and the evolution of hominids have all occurred since then.
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How did Darwin explain the differences between the beaks of the birds?
Charles Darwin explained the differences in the beaks of birds through the process of natural selection.
Who's Charles Darwin?Charles Darwin was a British naturalist and biologist who is best known for his theory of evolution, which he presented in his book "On the Origin of Species." This book, published in 1859, introduced the idea that species evolve and change over time through the process of natural selection, which he argued was the main mechanism driving evolution. Darwin's theory has had a profound impact on the field of biology and our understanding of the natural world, and he is considered one of the most influential scientists in history.
Charles Darwin explained the differences in the beaks of birds through the process of natural selection. He proposed that over time, birds with beaks better suited for their specific environments and food sources were more likely to survive and pass on their traits to their offspring. As a result, over generations, the beaks of the birds in a particular area evolved to match the needs of their environment.
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Which is found in animal cells, but not plant or algae cells:A.Cell membraneB.ChloroplastsC.Central vacuoleD.Centrioles
Centrioles is found in animal cells, but not plant or algae cells.
A centriole is a cylindrical organelle in cell biology that is mostly made of the protein tubulin. Centrioles are found in the majority of eukaryotic cells, but not in conifers (Pinophyta), flowering plants (angiosperms), or most fungi, and are only detected in male gametes of charophytes, bryophytes, seedless vascular plants, cycads, and Ginkgo. A centrosome is made up of a linked pair of centrioles surrounded by a highly organized mass of dense material called the pericentriolar material (PCM).
Centrioles are normally made up of nine cylinders of short microtubule triplets. Crabs and Drosophila melanogaster embryos with nine doublets deviate from this pattern, as do Caenorhabditis elegans sperm cells and early embryos with nine singlets. Centrin, cenexin, and tektin are additional proteins.
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In taxonomy, what is true about the hierarchal rank of "family"? Explain.
A family will usually include far fewer taxa than a genus
One species can belong to more than one family (but no more than 3)
Member's of the same taxonomic family can have some species with a nucleus and some without
Two species in the same family must be in the same taxonomic "Order". Two species in the same family must be in the same taxonomic "Genus"
In taxonomy, the hierarchal rank of "family" is two species in the same family must be in the same taxonomic "Order".
Thus, the correct option is D.
In biology, tаxonomy is defined аs the clаssificаtion of biologicаl orgаnisms. Stаrting from grouping the orgаnisms into tаxа (singulаr: tаxon) аnd then given tаxonomic rаnk. These groups cаn be collected to form high-rаnked supergroups thаt leаd to the tаxonomy hierаrchy.
Below is the quick tаxonomic definition of eаch rаnk:
Domаin - highest level constitutes three domаins of life.Kingdom - the second most level constitutes five kingdoms.Phylum - а group of relаted clаsses.Clаss - а group of relаted orders.Order - а group of relаted fаmilies.Fаmily - а group of relаted generа.Genus - а group of relаted species.Species - а group of similаr orgаnisms.For more information about taxonomy refers to the link:
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what is the name of cell organelle that is basically stained darker due to high protein concentration within?
cell organelle that is stained darker due to high protein concentration within is called the Nucleolus.
The Nucleolus is a membrane-bound organelle located within the nucleus of a cell. It is easily recognizable due to its dark staining properties when stained with certain dyes, which is a result of its high concentration of ribosomal RNA and proteins. The nucleolus is the site of ribosome biogenesis and is responsible for the assembly of ribosomal subunits that are later transported to the cytoplasm to carry out protein synthesis. The nucleolus also plays a role in other cellular processes such as cell growth and division, and has been implicated in various diseases such as cancer. Despite its importance, the nucleolus is not well understood, and more research is needed to fully understand the molecular mechanisms that regulate its function and behavior. Overall, the nucleolus is a critical component of the cell that plays a crucial role in protein synthesis and other cellular processes.
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1. Sickle-cell anemia, though a debilitating mutation, has the additional effect of protecting those who have the mutation from severe malarial infection. What is this an example of?
a. A beneficial mutation
b. A design flaw
c. A co-infection
d. None of the above
Answer:
d none of the above
Explanation:
It is possible for two different genes to imply different phylogenetic relationships among a group of species. What are the possible reasons for this? If there is only one true history of formation of these species, what might we do in order to determine which (if either) gene accurately portrays that history? Is it possible for both phylogenetic trees to be accurate even if there has been only one history of species divergence?
Yes, it is possible for two different genes to imply the different phylogenetic relationships among a group of species.
If the common ancestor of the two species was polymorphic for a particular character or, it is possible for some closely related species to inherit different haplotypes. If we have to find the true history of a species, it would be best suggested to include as many characters as possible for this very reason.
When there is only one available history of species divergence, it is possible that multiple gene trees will be correct. This will cause two particular different genes to imply different phylogenetic relationships among a group of species.
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Human Anatomy and Physiology.
_________________________ - one layer with cells in different shapes and sizes.
1) What important tissue in the body helps create “order”?
What are the two types of this tissue?
Organ one layer with cells in different shapes and sizes. Organ is the important tissue in the body helps create “order”.
What is organ?An organ is made up of two or more tissue to perform one or more specific physiological functions. Organs can be made up of four type of tissue nervous, epithelium, muscular and connective tissue.
Most of the organ contains all four tissue for example small intestine. Internal wall of small intestine is made up of epithelium tissue which is surrounded by smooth muscles and connective tissue containing neurons.
Therefore, Organ one layer with cells in different shapes and sizes. Organ is the important tissue in the body helps create “order”.
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what would be the independent and dependent variable in this grapgh
The percentage of onion growth is the dependent variable while the stage in the cell cycle is the independent variable.
What are dependent variables and independent variables?The dependent variable is those modified by the conditions in the experiment and we can measure while the independent variable does not change along with the experimental procedure and generate the modification observed in the dependent variable.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the dependent variable is the effect of the change while the independent variable is the cause of this change.
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centipedegrass has stolons and st. augustinegrass does not. True or False
Answer:
True
Explanation:
How do cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems work together in a multicellular organism?
Cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems work together in a multicellular organism by being made up of one another.
What is the level of organization?Levels of organization are structures in nature, usually defined by part-whole relationships, with things at higher levels being composed of things at the next lower level.
The body of a multicellular organism, such as a tree or a cat, exhibits organization at several levels as follows:
CellstissuesOrgansorgan systemsSimilar cells are grouped into tissues, groups of tissues make up organs, and organs with a similar function are grouped into an organ system.
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which of the following is a correct pairing of cell type in the image and a disease state associated with that type of cell? all cells are from a wright stained peripheral blood smear.
Frame C- primary myelofibrosis is a correct pairing of cell type in the image and a disease state associated with that type of cell.
A rare kind of bone marrow cancer called myelofibrosis prevents your body from producing blood cells normally.In your bone marrow, myelofibrosis results in significant scarring that can make you feel weak and exhausted. You may also have a reduction in platelets due to bone marrow damage, which raises your risk of bleeding. Frequently, myelofibrosis results in spleen enlargement.Myelofibrosis is regarded as a kind of chronic leukaemia, a type of cancer that affects the body's blood-forming tissues. Myeloproliferative disorders are a class of illnesses that includes myelofibrosis.Myelofibrosis can originate from another bone marrow illness or can occur on its own (primary myelofibrosis) (secondary myelofibrosis).
complete question:Which of the following is a correct pairing of cell type in the image and a disease state associated with that type of cell? All cells are from a Wright stained peripheral blood smear.
Level-8 Hematology
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1. What is the name of the theory that was developed to provide an explanation for creation being designed by an intelligent being, but doesn’t necessarily credit God as the designer? It maintains that nature is too complex to have evolved by means of natural selection.
a. Neo-Darwinism
b. Intelligent Design
c. Natural Selection
d. None of the above
The name of the theory that was developed to provide an explanation for creation being designed by an intelligent being, but doesn’t necessarily credit God as the designer is the theory of Intelligent Design.
The correct option is B.
What is the theory of Intelligent Design?The idea that life on earth is so sophisticated that it cannot be explained by the scientific theory of evolution and must have been created by a supernatural being is the foundation of the pseudoscientific idea of intelligent design (ID).
Known as the father of intelligent design, Phillip Johnson. Johnson accepted and developed the concept after Darwinian evolution, in his opinion, fell short of describing how all species, including humans, came into being, in the 1980s.
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