Answer:
Claim: The evolution of caffeine in plants is convergent.
Evidence:
1. Three distinct lines of plants have the enzyme to make caffeine, despite being distantly related. This suggests that the evolution of caffeine in these plants is not due to a common ancestry, but rather convergent evolution.
Reasoning: The presence of caffeine in three separate plant lineages, despite not being closely related, supports the idea that the evolution of caffeine is convergent. This is because convergent evolution occurs when different species independently evolve similar adaptations in response to similar environmental pressures. In this case, the presence of caffeine in three distinct plant lineages suggests that these plants have evolved the ability to produce caffeine as a response to similar environmental pressures, such as herbivory or insect predation.
2. Other groups of plants that are close to the caffeine-producing plants do not make caffeine.
Reasoning: The fact that other closely related plant groups do not produce caffeine supports the idea that the evolution of caffeine in plants is convergent, as it suggests that the ability to produce caffeine is not due to a common ancestry, but rather to convergent evolution. This is because if the evolution of caffeine was due to a common ancestry, then it would be expected that all closely related plant groups would have the ability to produce caffeine.
Explanation:
During transcription, the sequence of the primary transcript (.e., the new produced RNA) matches (Select all that apply): the sense strand, but Tis replaced with U. the nonsense stand, but T is replaced with U. the non-template strand, but Tis replace with U. the template strand, but T is replaced with U.
To produce a major transcript, the gene must first be completely replicated. This involves both exons and introns. The remaining exons are then linked to the major transcript of the mRNA .
What is in the nuclear transcript?RNA polymerase I (Pol I), which solely transcribes ribosomal RNA (with the exception of 5S rRNA), RNA polymerase II (Pol II), which also transcribes mRNA and noncoding RNAs, and RNA polymerase III (Pol III), which also generates tRNAs and 5S rRNA, are all involved in nuclear transcription.
A primary transcript, a single-stranded RNA product made from DNA, is processed to create a variety of mature RNA products, including mRNAs, tRNAs, and rRNAs.
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heart disease is an example of a multifactorial illness. which of the following does not support this statement?
The statement that heart disease is an example of a multifactorial illness is supported by the fact that it is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
The statement does not support the idea that random error in the formation of ovum or sperm is the cause of heart disease, as this is not a factor in the development of the disease.
Additionally, certain medications can also reduce the risk of heart disease, and genetic testing can help identify individuals at a higher risk of developing the disease.
Complete questions:
Heart disease is an example of a multifactorial illness. Which of the following does not support this statement?
A)Random error in the formation of ovum or sperm causes heart disease
B)I will eat my meals on time and limit myself to one snack daily.
C)Clinical studies attempt to establish cause-and-effect relationships.
D)Focus on promoting health for older individuals.
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hopper, chirp during mating season to attract females of t
near roadways chirp at higher frequencies than male grasshoppers whose habitats are away from the noise
hypothesis.
Complete the experimental procedure that allowed the scientists to test the hypothesis. Drag the steps into t
Experimental Procedure
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Step 4
Step 5
Collect 188 male Chorthippus biguttulus grasshoppers from habitats
near roadways and 188 from quiet habitats during mating season.
Steps
Place female grasshoppers near each
group of male grasshoppers.
Place all the male grasshoppers together in ond
The experimental procedure that allowed the scientists to test the hypothesis can be completed by recording the amount of mating which occurred as a result of the chirping sounds made by the males.
What is an Experiment?This is referred to as a procedure carried out to support or refute a hypothesis, or determine the efficacy or likelihood of something previously untried.
Since we are to discover if the chirping sound were responsible in helping the males find a mate then the mating frequency as a result of it being made should be recorded so as to draw out a conclusion.
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which of the following are required in order for natural selection to operate on a trait? select all that apply: -the trait does not have a genetic component -there is variation in the trait in the population -the trait affects the ability of the individual to reproduce -the trait can be passed down from parents to offspring -the population size must be large -there is no mutation in the trait
The following are required in order for natural selection to operate on a trait:
-there is variation in the trait in the population
-the trait affects the ability of the individual to reproduce
-the trait can be passed down from parents to offspring
What is trait?A phenotypic trait is an evident, observable, and quantifiable property of an organism; it is the visible expression of genes. A phenotypic characteristic is anything like a particular hair color or eye color. A trait is a genetically determined attribute or condition. It is the trait inherited from the parent by the offspring.
Here,
For natural selection to operate on a trait, there must be variation in the trait within a population, and the trait must affect an individual's ability to reproduce and be passed down from parents to offspring. Whether the trait has a genetic component or not, and whether the population size is large or not, is not a requirement for natural selection to operate on the trait.
However, mutation can play a role in generating new variation in a trait and can impact the operation of natural selection.
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Complete each statement about membrane protein function by dragging each label into the appropriate blank. Insulin, a hydrophilic compound, binds to a _____ site on the cell's extracellular surface, causing activation of a second messenger system on the cell's interior
Insulin is a hydrophilic compound, binds to a receptor site on the cell's extracellular surface causing activation of a second messenger system on the cell's interior.
What is Insulin?Insulin is defined as a peptide hormone produced by the beta cells of the pancreatic islets in humans encoded by the INS gene, which is considered the body's main anabolic hormone.
Insulin is an essential hormone that helps the body convert food into energy and control blood sugar levels. If a person has diabetes, the body cannot make enough insulin or use it properly.
Thus, Insulin is a hydrophilic compound, binds to a receptor site on the cell's extracellular surface causing activation of a second messenger system on the cell's interior.
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Amir carried out an experiment into rates of decay. He used two pots of dead leaves. He added several woodlice to pot 1 and nothing to pot 2. In which of the pots would you expect the leaves to decay fastest?
Answer:
Pot 1 would likely have faster decay rate as the woodlice would increase the rate of decomposition by breaking down the leaves and accelerating the process of decay.
This type of reaction combines two smaller molecules (such as two amino acids) to form a larger one.A. phosphatidylcholineB. condensationC. phosphodiester bondD. Pectin
The type of reaction combines two smaller molecules (such as two amino acids) to form a larger one condensation.
What is condensation reaction?Condensation reaction is a type of chemical reaction where two smaller molecules combine to form a larger one, resulting in the elimination of a smaller molecule, typically water. This process is also known as a dehydration reaction, as it involves the removal of water from the reacting molecules. Condensation reactions are vital in the formation of macromolecules, such as carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids, and play a crucial role in many biological processes. They are also commonly used in synthetic organic chemistry for the synthesis of more complex molecules, such as polymers and drugs. The reverse of a condensation reaction is called hydrolysis, which involves the breaking of a larger molecule into smaller ones with the addition of water.
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Which of the following is true regarding the layers of the Earth?
A)The innermost layer is under the greatest amount of pressure
B)The density increases from the innermost layer to the outermost layer.
C)The temperature decreases from the outermost layer to the innermost layer.
D)All of the layers are made of solid material
HELP PLEASE
'The density increases from the innermost layer to the outermost layer'. This statement is true regarding the layers of the Earth.
What do you mean by the Earth
The Earth is the third planet from the Sun in the Solar System. It is the only planet known to be inhabited by humans and is the only known planet to have an atmosphere capable of sustaining complex life. It has a rich geological history, a diverse range of ecosystems, and is home to millions of species.
The density of the Earth increases with depth, meaning that the density of the innermost layer is greater than the density of the outermost layer. This is due to the increasing pressure and temperature as one moves closer to the Earth's core. This increase in pressure and temperature causes the material in the Earth's layers to become increasingly more dense. This explains why the innermost layer is under the greatest amount of pressure.
Hence, option B is correct.
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Use the information above to write a weather forecast for 8am, Friday May 8, 2020.
Date May 8, 2020
Predicted
Temperature
Predicted
Relative
Humidity
Predicted
Cloud Cover
Predicted
Precipitation
This is accomplished by checking at a substantial amount of observational data, such as surface observations, satellite images, radar, radiosonde, upper-air, wind profilers, aircraft observations, river gauges, and just gazing outdoors.
What is Weather Forecast?Utilizing science and technology to forecast the atmospheric conditions at a certain area and time is known as weather forecasting.
For millennia, people have made informal predictions about the weather, and since the 19th century, they have made formal ones and because you did not provide complete information about the data, a prediction cannot be made, but you have a better idea of how weather forecasting is done.
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Nearly all bacteria contain peptidoglycan. Review the structure of peptidoglycan by selecting the correct characteristics listed below. All bacteria use a peptide interbridge to connect the sugar strands Contains a tetrapeptide that extends from N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) Contains D-amino acids not found in proteins Peptidoglycan is a strong and rigid structure Polymer of alternating N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM)
The correct statements about the structure of peptidoglycan are: Contains D-amino acids not found in proteins; Polymer of alternating N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM).
Peptidoglycan belongs to the category of polysaccharides consisting of sugar and amino acids linked together. It forms a very essential component of cell wall of the bacteria. The cross-links make the survival of bacteria possible.
D-amino acids are the stereo-amino acids that have their amino group towards the right side in configuration. The D- amino acids are particularly important for the physiology of microorganisms. The most commonly found amino acids are: D-alanine, D-glutamic acid and D-aspartic acid.
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Fill in the blank
The female is born with about two million oocytes halted in Prophase 1,
only 400 of which will mature into ovum. within her lifetime-usually,
only one each month. On about the 14th day of the menstrual cycle, the egg
is released from a follicle on the surface of the female gonad or
.
At ovulation fimbriae move the egg into the
During intercourse sperm are deposited in the
which leads to the cervix the muscular opening of the
once inside they travel to the fallopian tubes in
If no fertilization occurs, the egg
search of the
disintegrates in 13-15 days, the uterine lining detaches and
Menstruation occurs. Then the cycle begins again.
is released from a follicle on the surface of the female gonad or ovary.
At ovulation fimbriae move the egg into the fallopian tube.
During intercourse sperm are deposited in the vagina,
which leads to the cervix, the muscular opening of the uterus;
once inside they travel to the fallopian tubes in search of the egg.
What is ovulation?
Ovulation is the release of a mature egg from the ovary. It usually occurs once every menstrual cycle, usually around day 14 of a 28-day cycle. The egg is released into the fallopian tube, where it can be fertilized by sperm. If the egg is not fertilized, it will pass through the uterus and out of the body during menstruation.
The female is born with about two million oocytes halted in Prophase 1,
only 400 of which will mature into ovum within her lifetime-usually,
only one each month. On about the 14th day of the menstrual cycle, the egg
is released from a follicle on the surface of the female gonad or ovary.
At ovulation fimbriae move the egg into the fallopian tube.
During intercourse sperm are deposited in the vagina,
which leads to the cervix, the muscular opening of the uterus;
once inside they travel to the fallopian tubes in search of the egg.
If no fertilization occurs, the egg disintegrates in 13-15 days,
the uterine lining detaches and menstruation occurs. Then the cycle begins again.
Therefore, ovary, fallopian tube, vagina, uterus, egg are the correct answer.
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across multiple species, from prarie dogs to birds to humans included, which of the following universal acts does dr. wesch cite as a survival strategy
Dr. Wesch cites play as a universal act that serves as a survival strategy across multiple species, including prairie dogs, birds, and humans.
In his research, Dr. Wesch highlights the importance of play as a survival strategy across different species, from prairie dogs and birds to humans. Play is seen as a crucial activity for individuals to develop essential skills and abilities that are essential for survival and adaptation.
This can include physical coordination and strength, as well as problem-solving, social skills, and cognitive development. Play also serves as a way to reduce stress and build relationships, both of which are important for overall health and well-being. By examining play across multiple species, Dr. Wesch highlights its universality and importance as a survival strategy.
The question is incomplete, hence the answer is general.
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A negative result of fertilizers in a pond is the production of algae blooms.
True or false?
A negative result of fertilizers in a pond is the production of algae blooms is a true statement, because it increases excess nutrients from fertilizer.
How algae blooms developed?Algal blooms, which can be very pronounced, are brought on by an excess of nutrients from fertilizer, wastewater, and stormwater runoff, which also happens to coincide with a lot of sunlight, warm temperatures, and shallow, slowly moving water.
Algae blooms can happen when several favorable environmental factors allow for a lot of algal growth.
Therefore, it is a true statement.
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Which of the following agricultural practices is recommended because it can improve the environment? Multiple Choice Expanding farmland into forests and grasslands o O Applying irrigation water directly to the roots of crops o C) Using chemical methods to control crop pests o Raising more corn-fed beef and pork o
The following agricultural practices is recommended because it can improve environment : applying irrigation water directly to roots of crops.
What is the agricultural practices to improve environment?Planting variety of crops can have many benefits including healthier soil and improved pest control. Crop diversity practices include intercropping and complex multiyear crop rotations. When agricultural operations are sustainably managed, then they can preserve and restore critical habitats, help in protecting watersheds and improve soil health and water quality.
Pillars of Good Agricultural Practices are:- economic viability, environment sustainability, social acceptability and food safety and quality.
Practices in Sustainable Agriculture are Organic Farming, Agroforestry, Natural Farming and others.
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Which of the following extremophiles might researchers most likely use as a model for the earliest organisms on Earth? A) an anaerobic archaean species B) an archaean capable of surviving in the polar ice caps C) a bacterium that thrives in a highly acidic environment D) a bacterium found on another planet or moon
Researchers are most likely to use: (A) an anaerobic archaean species as a model for the earliest organisms on Earth.
Archaea are a group of single-celled microorganisms that are distinct from bacteria and eukaryotes. They are capable of surviving in a wide range of extreme environments, including those with high temperatures, high salt concentrations, and high acidity. However, anaerobic archaea, which are capable of surviving in the absence of oxygen, are of particular interest as models for the earliest organisms on Earth because the atmosphere and oceans of the early Earth were likely anaerobic, or lacked significant levels of oxygen. In conclusion, the most likely candidate for a model for the earliest organisms on Earth would be an anaerobic archaean species, which can survive in an oxygen-free environment and are thought to be representative of the conditions that existed on the early Earth.To know more about archeans visit:
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as temperatures drop, membrane fluidity decreases. which of the following changes to phospholipids will help maintain correct bacterial membrane fluidity under cold temperatures?
An increase in unsaturated fatty acids will help maintain correct bacterial membrane fluidity under cold temperatures.
Bacteria are defined as organisms with circular structures made up of their genetic material. These organisms can vary in shape, with some having a spherical shape and others having a lengthier shape. These minuscule organisms exist. Increased unsaturated fatty acid attachments to glycerol molecules in the structure of phospholipids preserve the membrane's fluidity in cold temperatures. Due to their double bonds, these fatty acids are resistant to compression at low temperatures.
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As temperatures drop, membrane fluidity decreases. Which of the following changes to phospholipids will help maintain correct bacterial membrane fluidity under cold temperatures?
a. formation of a lipid monolayer
b. an increase in the length of the fatty acid tails
c. an increase in unsaturated fatty acids
d. an increase in saturated fatty acids
e. a switch from ester linkages between fatty acids and glycerol to ether linkages
what is considered to be the source for new alleles
Answer:
Mutation
Explanation: Mutation is the ultimate source of new alleles in plant pathogen populations.
Some types of gene are more highly conserved than others since their pathways or functions are fundamental to the growth and proliferation of all cells, including bacteria, and thus are likely to be highly conserved from species to species. For each gene functions, choose the one that is more likely to be highly conserved.
DNA replication
developmental pathways
hormone production
lipid synthesis for the plasma membrane
For each gene functions, the one thing that is most likely to be highly conserved is DNA replication.
Some types of genes are more highly conserved than others because their processes or activities are essential to the growth and proliferation of all cells, including bacteria, and are thus likely to be highly conserved across species. DNA replication is most likely preserved for each gene function.
The process of the duplication of the DNA strands in to two new strands is basically what we call as the DNA replication process. Replication is necessary because when a cell divides, the two new daughter cells must have the same genetic information, or DNA, as the parent cell.
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Which type of study collects data in the natural world, without manipulating the subject of study?
Question 7 options:
theoretical
experimental
observational
randomized
Answer:
ranfamonized.
Explanation:
In a population of lizards, allele T (TT and Tt) codes for long tails. The frequency of allele t (tt) which codes for short tails is 60%. In this population, it was found that having a longer tail tricked the predators into thinking it was a snake and scared them away, which of the following is most likely to occur over time.
Question 20 options:
the frequency of the two alleles will change until they both equal 50%
there will be no change in frequency since T is dominant
the frequency of T will decrease since it is dominant
the frequency of T will increase, and t will decrease
Answer:
The frequency of T will decrease since it is dominant
Explanation:
Since having a long tail provides a survival advantage, individuals with the T allele are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing on their T allele to their offspring. As a result, over time, the frequency of the T allele is likely to increase, and the frequency of the t allele will decrease.
The fact that T is dominant does not affect the frequency of the two alleles in the population, but it does determine the physical expression of the trait in individuals that have at least one T allele.
Each person's cells have a genetically unique surface coating of carbohydrate called the ________. This enables the immune system to distinguish between the body's own cells and foreign cells.
Each person's cells have a genetically unique surface coating of carbohydrate called the HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen) system. This enables the immune system to distinguish between the body's own cells and foreign cells.
What is cell?In biology, the smallest unit that can exist on its own and is made up of all living creatures and bodily tissues. A cell is made up of three major components: the cell membrane, the nucleus, and the cytoplasm. The cell membrane surrounds the cell and regulates the molecules that enter and exit the cell. "A cell is described as the smallest, most fundamental element of life, responsible for all of life's operations." All living things have cells that serve as structural, functional, and biological units. A cell may duplicate itself on its own. As a result, they are referred to as the building blocks of life.
Here,
The HLA system helps the immune system recognize cells that are not normally present in the body, such as bacteria and viruses, and mount an immune response to fight these invaders.
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Please help!! What are some commonalities between baboon friendships and human friendships? What are some differences
Answer:
genetic similarity of 94%
What was the relationship between Islamic thought and the Scientific Revolution?
Islamic patronage directly funded many scientific experiments in Western Europe.
Most of the leading thinkers of the Scientific Revolution held Islamic religious beliefs.
The Islamic Empire placed great value on learning, and later European scientists were able to build on the advancements of Islamic scholars.
As Europeans conquered Islamic territory, they captured classical Greek and Roman texts in the process.
The Islamic Empire placed great importance on learning, and later European scientists were able to draw on the progress of Islamic scholars. So, the correct option is C.
What is Scientific revolution?The Scientific Revolution was defined as the series of events that marked the emergence of modern science during the early modern period, when developments in mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology, and chemistry changed society's view of nature. changed his views.
The Islamic Empire placed great importance on learning, and later European scientists were able to draw on the progress of Islamic scholars to make connections between Islamic thought and the Scientific Revolution.
Therefore, the correct option is C.
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Planning and Creating a Presentation In this activity, you will use presentation software to create a presentation of 15 to 20 slides explaining your arguments in support of or against the following statements: AIDS continues to be a global health crisis. AIDS still meets the definition of a pandemic. Your claims should be supported by scientifically complete evidence. Follow the steps provided to research, plan, and create your presentation. This guide about the research process can help. Part A: Ask Questions Begin by creating a list of questions to guide your research and help you form a convincing argument. Your presentation should answer some of these questions: What is the definition of a pandemic? How does a pandemic differ from an endemic or epidemic? What is the life cycle of the HIV virus once it enters the body? How does the genetic code of the virus change? How does HIV affect the body? How do people become infected with HIV? How does AIDS develop from an HIV infection? What are the current infection rates of HIV across the globe? Where is HIV/AIDS most prevalent? What treatments are currently available for HIV/AIDS? Do some regions of the world have better access to treatments than others? What is the average life expectancy for someone with HIV? Does life expectancy differ around the globe? Now write four additional questions about HIV/AIDS that could help strengthen your argument in the presentation. Part B: Find Credible Sources When designing a science presentation, look for credible sources. Science doesn’t show bias, but humans do. Avoid sites and articles that provide facts without citing proper scientific evidence. You must be able to identify reliable sites so that the data in your presentation is credible. Use sources that end in .gov, such as CDC.gov. These government sites are reliable sources. You can also use sites ending in .edu. They are usually trustworthy, but sometimes students, not scientists, write content for .edu websites. Always identify the source’s author before proceeding. Some .org and .com sites are credible, but it’s important to verify their authenticity. When reviewing a source, ask these questions: Who is the author? Is this person an HIV or AIDS expert? What is the document’s purpose? Does the document state facts that scientists can prove with evidence? Are there opinions in the document? How old is the document? Do other credible sources support the statements in the document? Search for credible websites and note the information they contain. Write down two sources that you will use for your presentation, and cite them using Modern Language Association (MLA) citation methods. Part C: Take Notes In a separate location, take notes from the sources you have identified. The notes will provide details for your presentation. While taking notes from texts and websites, use these reading strategies. In the space provided, write four pieces of information that you intend to use in your presentation. Part D: Organize Your Information After you’ve gathered research and answered all your questions, create an outline in the answer space. Following these guidelines for writing a five-paragraph essay may help you structure your outline. Be sure to account for the claim you’re making in your introduction, and include a works cited page at the end with the authors and websites you consulted. Part E: Select Audio and Video An audiovisual presentation uses pictures and words to clearly present information. These tips will help you effectively build your presentation: Limit text on your slides: Insert key words or phrases that highlight your points instead of typing your entire speech on the slide. When possible, use pictures instead of words: Use representative figures such as pictures, graphs, and charts to depict information or evidence rather than using huge blocks of text. Fill in your speaker’s notes: Presentation software includes a notes section where you can add speaker’s notes for your own reference. In this section, you can cover all the details you want to talk without showing them on your slides. Your speaker’s notes should be clear and coherent enough so that someone else could deliver the presentation to an audience. You must complete your speaker’s notes to get full credit for the assignment. List two to three audio, video, or photo resources that you wish to use in your presentation and paste them in the provided space. Part F: Create and Deliver Your Presentation Use your outline and the materials you’ve collected to create your presentation. It should contain 15 to 20 slides. Be sure to proofread and revise your writing to catch any errors in grammar, spelling, logic, or cohesion. Remember that you must add speaker’s notes as well as a works cited page at the end.
don't spam.
Part A: Additional Questions
How has the global response to the HIV/AIDS pandemic changed over the years? What are the current efforts being made to prevent the spread of HIV/AIDS globally? What challenges are still faced in providing access to HIV/AIDS treatments and care in different regions of the world?What is the HIV/AIDS about?Part B: Credible Sources
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC.gov) World Health Organization (WHO.int)Citation:
CDC. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/.WHO. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/.Part C: Notes
HIV/AIDS is caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). HIV weakens the immune system, making it difficult for the body to fight off infections and diseases. Global HIV/AIDS statistics show that 38 million people are currently living with the virus. The majority of people with HIV/AIDS live in sub-Saharan Africa.Part D: Outline
I. Introduction
Definition of a pandemic Explanation of the ongoing global health crisis of AIDS Thesis statement: Despite advancements in treatments and care, AIDS continues to be a global health crisis and meets the definition of a pandemic.II. Body
A. Definition and Explanation of a Pandemic
Explanation of how AIDS meets the definition of a pandemic
B. The Life Cycle of HIV
Explanation of how HIV affects the body
Discussion of the genetic code of the virus
C. Global Prevalence of HIV/AIDS
Current infection rates of HIV across the globe
Discussion of where HIV/AIDS is most prevalent
D. HIV/AIDS Treatments and Access
Overview of available treatments
Discussion of access to treatments in different regions of the world
III. Conclusion
Recap of main points
Reiteration of thesis statement
Final thoughts on the ongoing global health crisis of AIDS
IV. Works Cited
List of authors and websites consulted, cited using MLA citation methods.
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according to the criteria set by the usda, which of the following would be an appropriate label for an apple grown without toxic and persistent pesticides or fertilizers? a. organic made with organic ingredients b. 100 percent organic b. some organic ingredients
The following would be an appropriate label for an apple grown without toxic and persistent pesticides or fertilizers:
a. organic made with organic ingredients
What is organic ingredients?Organic produce is defined as having been cultivated on soil that had no banned compounds put to it for three years previous to harvest. The majority of synthetic fertilizers and insecticides are prohibited. While organic foods have a reputation for being healthful and nutritious, research demonstrate that there is no nutritional difference between organic and conventional meals.
Here,
The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) has established criteria for labeling foods as "organic." In order for a food to be labeled as "organic," it must be produced without the use of toxic and persistent pesticides or fertilizers and meet other specific criteria. If a food is made with at least 70 percent organic ingredients, it can be labeled as "made with organic ingredients."
If a food is made with 100 percent organic ingredients, it can be labeled as "100 percent organic."
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Amniocentesis is a procedure for
obtaining fetal cells in a sample from the fluid surrounding the fetus.
testing the mother's blood for a protein associated with spina bifida.
obtaining a sample of the fetal part of the placenta.
testing the mother's blood for an excess of phenylalanine, indicating phenylketonuria (PKU).
Amniocentesis is a procedure for obtaining fetal cells in a sample from the fluid surrounding the fetus.
A medical procedure called amniocentesis involves taking a small sample of the fluid surrounding a developing child in the womb (amniotic fluid). Cells from the fetus are present in the fluid, which can be used to test for certain genetic diseases and chromosomal abnormalities.
The treatment typically lasts 30 minutes and is carried out between the 15th and 20th weeks of pregnancy. The uterus is reached through the abdominal wall, and a tiny amount of amniotic fluid is drawn out. The fluid is subsequently taken to a lab for analysis.
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What are ecosystem services?
Question 40 options:
a system of trade for nature products
services that are valuable only to humans
non-essential processes of nature
life-supporting ecological processes
Answer:
life supporting ecological processes
According to Dr. Zeder, sheep were likely domesticated via the:A. Commensal pathwayB. Prey pathwayC. Directed domestication pathway
According to Dr. Zeder, sheep were likely domesticated via the directed domestication pathway.
Thus, the correct option is C.
There аre three pаthwаys described for domesticаtion: commensаl, prey, аnd direct pаthwаys according to Zeder.
In the commensаl pаthwаy, the wild аnimаls were аttrаcted to аnthropogenic hаbitаts, mаinly for humаn food wаste or smаll prey, estаblishing а commensаl relаtionship with humаns. Dogs, cаts, or chickens аre some of the species thаt followed this pаthwаy. In the prey pаthwаy, humаns stаrt hunting some species like pigs аnd cаttle for their meаt in response to depletion of the locаl stock of these аnimаls. Over time, these gаme mаnаgement strаtegies developed into controlled breeding of these species. In the direct pаthwаy, humаns cаptured wild аnimаls (horses, donkeys, sheep аnd cаmelids) to obtаin some resources by controlling their movements, their nutrition, аnd reproduction, which leаd to а drаmаtic bottleneck.For more information about the direct pаthwаy refers to the link:
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A researcher studying the evolutionary relationship among five primate species obtained data from a sequence of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from a representative individual of each species. The researcher then calculated the percent divergence in the sequences between each pair of primate species (Table 1).
(a) Based on fossil data, the researcher estimates that humans and their most closely related species in the data set diverged approximately seven million years ago. Using these data, calculate the rate of mtDNA percent divergence per million years between humans and their most closely related species in the data set. Round your answer to two decimal places.
(b) Using the data in the table, construct a cladogram on the template provided. Provide reasoning for the placement of gibbons as the out-group on the cladogram.
(c) On the cladogram, draw a circle around all of the species that are descended from the species indicated by the node within the square.
Gibbon
Please show all steps, this is a very confusing question, thanks
a. Using the data, the rate of mtDNA percent divergence per million years between humans and their most closely related species in the data set is 1.25.
b. A cladogram on the template provided:
HumanChimpanzeeGorillaOrangutanGibbonReasons for the placement of gibbons as the out-group on the cladogram:
Gibbon mtDNА is the leаst similаr (to аll of the other species)/most different (from аll of the other species). Gibbon mtDNА is the most divergent (from аll of the other species).c. On the cladogram, a circle around all of the species that are descended from the species indicated by the node within the square: Circle species 1, 2, and 3, as numbered from the top.
Determine the rаte of mtDNА percent divergence:
From the dаtа given the most closely relаted specie is Chimpаnzee (8.8 sequence difference).
Note: Given thаt this divergence took plаce seven million yeаrs from now
he rаte of mtDNА percent divergence per 1 millions yeаrs
= 8.8 / 7
= 1.25
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Escherichia coli is a Gram Negative rod-shaped bacterium. Which the following statements correctly describe it? The bacterial cells have flagella on each end of the cell. The bacterium's flagella are made of flagellin. The bacterial cells have a group of flagella on one end of the cell. This organism moves by whipping it's flagella back and forth. There must be a cell membrane fully surrounding the flagella.
Lower intestines of warm-blooded organisms typically include the bacteria Escherichia coli (E. coli). Some E. coli strains, however, have the potential to cause food poisoning that is fatal. Shiga toxin is produced by E. coli.
Which two facts regarding E. coli are interesting?Escherichia coli, sometimes known as E. coli, is a species of bacteria that generally lives in the intestines of humans and some animals. The majority of E. coli strains are safe and, like the beneficial bacteria in probiotics, can even maintain the health of your digestive system.
What does E. coli look like under a microscope?Gram-negative Escherichia bacteria have a rod-like appearance under the microscope with a short tail. It is widespread in the natural world (Brooker 2008).
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