When performing the Kirby-Bauer assay, the presence of a zone of inhibition indicates that __________.
Answer: that the bacteria are more sensitive to the antibiotic in the disk.
Explanation:
Figure: Kirby-Bauer test: In Kirby–Bauer testing, discs containing antibiotics are placed on agar where bacteria are growing, and the antibiotics diffuse out into the agar.
The _____ system transports nutrients and oxygen to the cells and takes carbon dioxide and waste products to the lungs and kidneys for elimination.
The circulatory system transports nutrients and oxygen to the cells and takes carbon dioxide and waste products to the lungs and kidneys for elimination.
How does the circulatory system work?The circulatory system transports nutrients and oxygen to all the cells of the body. Circulatory system consists of the heart and the blood vessels (arteries and veins) which are present throughout the body and deliver nutrients and oxygen. The arteries work to carry the blood away from the heart while the veins carry it back to the heart. The network of blood vessels is just like a tree with branches.The heartbeats control the blood circulation.Blood flows from the atria to the ventricles from where it gets distributed to other organs.The brief pathway of blood through heart is as follows: different organs of the body > inferior/superior vena cava > right atrium > right ventricle > pulmonary arteries > lungs > pulmonary veins > left atrium > left ventricle > aorta > body cellsLearn more about circulatory system here:
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The _________________ is composed of and endothelial layer that is continuous with the endocardium of the heart.
The tunica media is composed of an endothelial layer that is continuous with the endocardium of the heart.
What is tunica media?
Collagen, elastin, and smooth muscle cells make up tunica media. It is located halfway between the tunica externa and the tunica intima. The transverse arrangement of its strands and color make the middle coat (tunica medium) distinct from the inner (tunica intima). It not only supports the vessel but also alters the vessel's width to control blood pressure and flow.
Elastic fibers make up the majority of the tunica media in bigger vessels. The number of elastic fibers reduces as arteries get smaller, whereas the number of smooth muscle fibers grows. The strongest of the three layers is the tunica adventitia, which is the top layer. Elastic and collagenous fibers make up its structure.
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Comparing plant and animal cells Drag the correct label under each cell structure to identify whether it is found only in animal cells, only in plant cells, or in both types of cells. Labels can be used once or more than once.
The correct answers are:
Lysosome - found in ANIMAL cells but not most plant cells
Cell wall - found in PLANT cells but not animal cells
Nucleus - found in both PLANT and ANIMAL cells
Chloroplast - found in PLANT cells but not animal cells
Rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) - found in both PLANT and ANIMAL cells
CellsAll biological things are constructed from simple units called cells. Millions of billions of cells make up the human body. They give the body structure, absorb nutrients from the diet, transform those nutrients into energy, and perform certain tasks. Furthermore, cells may replicate themselves and hold the body's genetic material.
The various components of cells each serve a unique purpose. Organelles are specialized structures that carry out particular functions for the cell among these other sections. All biological things are constructed from simple units called cells. All biological things are constructed from simple units called cells. Millions of billions of cells make up the human body.
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A compound called tpp activates an enzyme critical in carbohydrate metabolism. tpp is:________
a. a branched-chain amino acid.
b. a coenzyme.
c. a b-vitamin called thiamin.
d. a derivative of adenosine triphosphate (atp).
Compound called tpp activates an enzyme critical in carbohydrate metabolism is a coenzyme.
Thiamine (vitamin B1) is a precursor of the well-known coenzyme of central metabolic pathways thiamine diphosphate (ThDP). Highly intense glucose oxidation in the brain requires ThDP-dependent enzymes, which determines the critical significance of thiamine for neuronal functions. Thiamin pyrophosphate (TPP) is a cofactor for a number of enzymes, such as transketolase, pyruvate dehydrogenase, and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase. TPP works as a coenzyme in many enzymatic reactions, such as Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Pyruvate decarboxylase in ethanol fermentation.
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The structures that guard the nostrils and ear canals, preventing foreign particles from entering these areas are also called guard hairs or
The structures that guard the nostrils and ear canals, preventing foreign particles from entering these areas are also called guard hairs or Vibrissae
Ear and EardrumYour ears stay clean and healthy thanks to earwax. It also serves to safeguard the lining of your ear canal and is waterproof. Earwax can be either soft and moist or dry and stiff. It can range in color from yellow to brown.The modified apocrine glands known as ceruminous glands are located in the epidermis of the human external auditory canal and produce ear wax along with sebaceous glands. Cerumen is crucial in the ear canal's defense against harm from external factors and microbial invasion.Putting a wick in the ear may be necessary if the ear canal is extremely enlarged. The wick will help the drips get to the canal's conclusion.
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Which part of the zapotec agricultural system does not correspond well to western ecological understandings?
Zapotec agricultural is grown where the climate aloows such that crops, staple, corn, beans and squash. Zapotec society is oriented villages and complete agricultural.
Hunting ,fishing and gathering all are wild foods which is also practiced. Zapotec people created by most successful farming civilization in the america. Elaborated network of canals, dams and terraced fields and stored the water for irrigation.
Zapotec exploited rabbits as their food sources used their hair in textile production and some ritual practices.Zapotec people originated un the three central valleys were divided between different societies, which are separated by no mans land.They also maintained trade through Oaxaca.
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The ability of a muscle to contract and relax is dependent on the flow of what substance out of and into its storage site in the muscle cell? calcium chloride phosphorus iron
The ability of a muscle to contract and relax is dependent on the flow of calcium out of and into its storage site in the muscle cell.
Microfilaments travel over thick filaments as muscles flex.
The sliding filament theory describes how muscles contract. Myofilaments within your muscle fibers grasp hold of one another and slide to create a muscular contraction during this phase. However, without the presence of calcium, this is not possible. The myofilaments that cause a contraction are actin and myosin. Myosin grabs hold of actin via a myosin crossbridge, which resembles a small arm, to alter the form of the muscle. The tropomyosin molecule prevents the crossbridge from attaching at the precise location where it is required to do so. In addition to being connected to actin, tropomyosin is also connected to troponin. Calcium is released into the fiber in response to nervous system stimulation for a contraction.It associates with troponin and induces it to shift tropomyosin, revealing the myosin cross bridge's binding location. The muscle can now contract since calcium is present.learn more about muscle here: https://brainly.com/question/13920046
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Interestingly, experiments have shown that PALA can act as both an activator and an inhibitor of ATCase activity. Specifically, PALA acts as an activator at low concentrations and an inhibitor at high concentrations. Propose an explanation for this observation.
A Final statement or concluding statement PALA may activate ATCase at low Asp concentrations and saturating CP concentrations .
According to the Statement:
Instead of activation, inhibition occurs when PALA or Asp concentrations are high. The activation generated by low concentrations of PALA can be explained by the MWC model. The majority of the population of the enzyme does not transition to the R state at low Asp concentrations because the Asp concentration is insufficient to encourage this transition. As a result, the majority of the enzyme population is in the low-activity, low-affinity T state.
On the other hand, PALA binding, because of the way its structure resembles the transition state structure of the process, is able to keep the enzyme in the high-activity, high-affinity R state.
As a result, activity increases at low concentrations of PALA; but, as PALA concentration rises, more and more of the active sites are replaced by the non-hydrolyzable bisubstrate analog, and activity falls. At high Asp concentrations and a saturating CP concentration, PALA activation is not seen.
PALA binding just blocks the active site to which it binds and reduces activity because the enzyme population is already in the R state under these circumstances.
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A Final statement or concluding statement PALA may activate ATCase at low Asp concentrations and saturating CP concentrations .
However, increasing the concentration of PALA or Asp results in inhibition rather than activation. The MWC model can explain the activation caused by low amounts of PALA.
Because the Asp concentration is inadequate to promote the transition to the R state for the majority of the enzyme population at low Asp concentrations, the enzyme remains mostly in the low-activity, low-affinity T state. PALA binding, on the other hand, is able to maintain the enzyme in the high-activity, high-affinity R state because its structure mirrors the transition state structure of the process.
The concerted shift to the R state frees up the majority of active sites, allowing them to react with substrates and produce products, while a minority of active sites bound with PALA are inactive yet keep the enzyme in the R state.
As a result, activity rises at low PALA concentrations; but, as PALA concentration increases, more and more of the active sites are replaced by the non-hydrolyzable bisubstrate analog, and activity decreases. PALA activation is not detected at high Asp concentrations and a saturating concentration of CP.
Because the enzyme population is already in the R state under these conditions, PALA binding merely blocks the active site to which it binds and decreases activity.
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The number of mitochondria in a cell would be a general indicator of the extent of:________
The number of mitochondria in a cell would be a general indicator of the extent of ATP production in that cell.
In the mitochondria of a cell, the process of cellular respiration also results in the formation of ATP. This can be done through either anaerobic or aerobic respiration, depending on whether oxygen is present. From glucose and oxygen, aerobic respiration creates ATP, as well as carbon dioxide and water.By adding a phosphate group to another molecule, ATP can drive biological operations (a process called phosphorylation). Special enzymes are responsible for carrying out this transfer, which connects the cellular processes that need energy to the release of energy from ATP.learn more about ATP here: https://brainly.com/question/869305
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Asynchronous development of hematopoietic cells within the bone marrow is the result of:________.
Asynchronous development of hematopoietic cells within the bone marrow is the result of decreased cellularity of hematopoietic precursors in the bone marrow.
Hematopoietic stem cells are found in the peripheral blood and the bone marrow. Also called blood stem cell.
These cells begins as an unspecialized stem cell. This stem cell multiplies, and some of these new cells transform into precursor cells(Asynchronous).
After birth, and during early childhood, hematopoiesis occurs in the red marrow of the bone, with age, hematopoiesis becomes restricted to the skull, sternum, ribs, vertebrae, and pelvis.
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After the cerebellum receives proprioceptive information from muscles carrying out a voluntary movement, where does it send corrective feedback?
After the cerebellum receives proprioceptive information from muscles carrying out a voluntary movement, where does it send corrective feedback to primary motor cortex and cerebral nuclei.
The cerebellum, also known as the corticocerebellum, has a close connection to the regulation of movement timing, rate, range, length, direction, and strength. The cerebellum receives information from the command neurons and also obtains feedback (afferent) from the proprioceptive terminals of the muscles, tendons and joints regarding what the actual movements produce .
All these information are combined and the correction signals are given to the motor cortex. The motor nuclei of the cranial nerves and spinal cord exert the lowest level of motor control. Through the closed feedback loop, this occurs.
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For a species with a Type II curve, less than ____% of individuals survive for 50% of the maximum life span. At 50% of maximum life span.
10% is the answer.
In contrast, the Type II curve describes birds, mice, and other organisms characterized by relatively constant mortality or survival throughout life.
Type II. Many bird species have a type II survival curve. On the Type II curve, organisms die almost evenly at each age interval. Organisms with this type of survival curve also have relatively few offspring and can provide important parental care.
The Type II survival curve shows near-constant mortality throughout the life of the species. This means that the probability of an individual dying is independent of age. The Type II survival curve is plotted as a diagonal down the graph.
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Glycogen in the________________is broken down and released when blood glucose is low.
Answer:
a
Explanation:
Which combination of alleles are always involved in the inheritance of a sex-linked trait?
Answer:
important category of genetic linkage has to do with the X and Y sex chromosomes. These not only carry the genes that determine male and female traits but also those for some other characteristics as well.
Answer:
alleles that are carried on X and Y chromosomes
Explanation:
Edge
Rouleaux formation is characterized by _______. Rouleaux formation is characterized by _______. an increase in ESR an increase in ESR and a decrease in fibrinogen production a decrease in fibrinogen production a decrease in ESR and a decrease in fibrinogen production a decrease in ESR
Correct answer is A. Rouleaux formation is characterized by an increase in ESR.
What is Rouleaux formation in ESR?Since rouleaux formation is primarily determined by elevated levels of plasma fibrinogen and globulin.ESR primarily reflects changes in plasma proteins associated with acute and chronic infections, some tumors, and degenerative diseases. Under such circumstances, the ESR value is much higher than 20 mm/h.In inflammatory conditions, fibrinogen, other coagulation proteins, and alpha globulin become positively charged, increasing ESR.To learn more about RBCs from the given link
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In reviewing his learning and memory lecture, Mike recalled that he said "this is an 'excited' area of humanity," which made no sense. The embarrassment overcame him so intensely that he had to call Dr. Baraban and confess his errors, lamenting at how he was a fraud. Mike looks back on this and cringes at his wretched display of low self-confidence. What types of memory were implicated in this entire episode?
Answer choices:
Declarative
Emotional
Modal
Motor
Declarative memory type of memory was implicated in this entire episode.
Declarative memoryOne of the two types of long-term memory is explicit or declarative memory. Procedure memory is the other. Declarative memory is the consciously retained remembering of experiences, events, and knowledge applied to daily life. Semantic and episodic memory are two subsets of declarative memory that store facts that are consciously known. Independent of previous experiences, semantic memory is the process of storing broad knowledge. For instance, being familiar with phone numbers, foods, capitals, and particular words and definitions. The experiences, abilities, and life events that are remembered episodically are specific. Bicycling, going to a concert, and focusing on a particular person are some examples. According to this theory, the different memory kinds are interconnected and mutually supportive.
In reviewing his learning and memory lecture, Mike recalled that he said "this is an 'excited' area of humanity," which made no sense. The embarrassment overcame him so intensely that he had to call Dr. Baraban and confess his errors, lamenting at how he was a fraud. Mike looks back on this and cringes at his wretched display of low self-confidence. What types of memory were implicated in this entire episode?
Answer choices:
Declarative memoryEmotional
Modal
Motor
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Which number identifies the system that serves as the site of nutrient and waste exchange between cells and the interstitial fluid?
The site for exchange nutrients and waste in capillaries.
Exchange of Gases, Nutrients, and Waste Between Blood and Tissue by diffusion Occurs in the Capillaries. Capillaries are very tiny blood vessels — so small that a single red blood cell can barely fit through them. They help to connect your arteries and veins in addition to facilitating the exchange of certain elements between your blood and tissues.
Plasma and interstitial fluid are very similar because water, ions, and small solutes are continuously exchanged between them across the walls of capillaries, through pores and capillary clefts.
Capillary walls contain small pores that allow certain substances to pass into and out of the blood vessel.
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Leukocytes at the infected site are a symptom of:________
a. gardnerella vaginosis.
b. genital herpes.
c. candidiasis.
d. trichomoniasis.
e. lymphogranuloma venereum.
According to the research, the correct option is d. Leukocytes at the infected site are a symptom of trichomoniasis.
What is trichomoniasis?It is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) that can affect the urogenital tract in both men and women whose disease-causing agent is a parasite called Trichomonas vaginalis.
People with this non-fatal chronic type infection present a high value of leukocytes in the laboratory analysis since these indicate the establishment of the pathological process in the body and tend to increase to fight the infection.
Therefore, we can conclude that According to the research, the correct option is d. Leukocytes at the infected site are a symptom of trichomoniasis.
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The most complicated spinal reflexes are called:
_______________ speciation emphasizes slow gradual change of genetic information (phyletic gradualism)
Sympatric is the answer.
Sympatric speciation is the evolution of a new species from a surviving ancestral species while both continue to live in the same geographic area.
Sympatric speciation occurs when all members are in close proximity to each other, with no physical barriers to prevent species members from mating with each other. New species, perhaps based on different food sources or characteristics, appear to evolve spontaneously.
Speciation (biological definition): A form of speciation in which a new species evolves from a single ancestral species while living in the same geographic area. Orthotopic speciation is more common in plants. For example, a parent plant produces progeny that are polyploid.
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Orange juice containing added calcium is an example of which type of food?
a. fortified
b. processed
c. imitation
d. functional
e. enriched
Orange juice containing added calcium is an example of which type of food d. functional.
Orange juice is a liquid extract of the orange tree fruit, produced via the use of compacting or reaming oranges. it's miles to be had in several differing types. Orange juice refers back to the juice of oranges. it's miles made by squeezing the sparkling fruit, drying, and later rehydrating the juice.
regular consumption of Orange juice has been associated with numerous fitness benefits, which include advanced heart fitness, reduced irritation, and a discounted hazard of kidney stones.
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There is a major difference between homeostasis and allostasis. Sterling and Eyer (1988) coined the term allostasis to mean that
The primary explanatory framework for physiological control, homeostasis, has undergone major adjustment in recent years, with modern models varying greatly from the original formulation.
Allostasis, a different perspective on physiological control, extends beyond its homeostatic foundations, providing unique insights pertinent to our understanding and treatment of a variety of chronic health disorders. Despite increased interest in allostasis, the notion remains ambiguous, in part because of uncertainty in how the term is defined and used, hindering effective translational and clinical research on allostasis.
The processes behind physiological regulation and dysregulation are anticipated to have significant health and disease consequences.
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A(n) ___________________ is a substance with specific chemical and physical properties.
Neutron
Proton
Electron
Element
Answer: Elements
Explanation: Elements are unique forms of matter with specific chemical and physical properties that cannot be broken down into smaller substances by ordinary chemical reactions.
______ results in genetically identical daughter cells, whereas ______ results in genetically different daughter cells.
Identical daughter cells are produced as a result of mitosis whereas meiosis results in the formation of the daughter cells which are different genetically.
Mitosis and Meiosis are the stages of the cell cycle which can be further divided into stages called prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. Mitosis results in the formation of two diploid daughter cells which genetically identical to the initial parent cell.
In the process of meiosis, the DNA gets exchanged between the chromosomes that are paired. This shuffling of DNA results in the formation of daughter cells after cell division which are genetically dissimilar.
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What type of cross is a mating between two individuals that are both heterozygous for the same two genes? multiple choice question.
Dihybrid cross ,the alleles used to form the zygote were the same. A mating experiment between two organism that are identically hybrid for two traits. Hetrozygous individuals ,used two different alleles to form the zygote.
Its a cross between two individuals with two observed traits that controlled by two different genes. This idea was developed by Gregor Mendal when he study on pea plants that were yellow or green and either round or wrinkled.
Dihybrid cross genotypic ratio is 1:2:1. Third cross of two heterozygous parents and phenpotypic ratio is 9:3:3:1. It is class Mendelian ratio for a dihybrid cross in which alleles of different genes are independently into gametes.
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Worms are classified into three phyla: flatworms, roundworms, and annelids. what is the feature that distinguishes them?
Annelids are the feature that distinguishes them.
Annelids are segmented worms while roundworms are not segmented. further, annelids have a true coelom at the same time as roundworms have a pseudocolor. this means annelids have a well-developed mesoderm whilst roundworms lack a mesoderm. those are the primary capabilities that distinguish annelids from roundworms.
The 3 main malicious programs phyla are flatworms, roundworms, and segmented worms. Roundworms have a digestive tube that has openings. Segmented worms have a closed circulatory system wherein blood is enclosed in blood vessels. These are crucial steps in the evolutionary development of animals.
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xplain how the chemical breakdown of glucose results in the production of a hydrogen ion concentration gradient across the mitochondrial membrane, as shown
A high-energy electron is transferred along an electron transport chain to the inner mitochondrial membrane. Hydrogen is pumped out of the matrix space by the energy released. Through ATP synthase, the gradient produced by this forces hydrogen back through the membrane. when participating in the crucial process of oxidative phosphorylation.
Only a tiny portion of the glucose's totally free energy is released when it is transformed into pyruvate by the glycolytic process.
The breakdown of glucose into pyruvate within a cell's cytoplasm is known as glycolysis. The final phase of cellular respiration, known as oxidative phosphorylation, generates ATP using an ATP synthase gradient and a hydrogen ion gradient. The majority of the ATP produced during cellular respiration is produced during this process. Pyruvate can diffuse into mitochondria under aerobic conditions, where it enters the citric acid cycle and has reducing equivalents in the forms of NADH and FADH2.
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If blood is in short supply, which blood type would be the most beneficial to have on hand if someone needed a blood
transfusion?
O AB+
O AB-
Answer:
o AB+
Explanation:
the recipient is a universal recipient
Plants with higher numbers of stomata on the surfaces of their leaves would likely have higher rates of transpiration when compared to plants with lower numbers of stomata because __________
Plants with higher numbers of stomata on the surfaces of their leaves would likely have higher rates of transpiration when compared to plants with lower numbers of stomata because almost 97 % of water from plants is lost through stomatal transpiration.
What is Transpiration?Transpiration is a process which involves loss of water vapour through the stomata of plants and this loss cools the plant down when the weather is very hot, so the water from the stem and roots moves upwards or is 'pulled' into the leaves.
The water remaining 97–99.5% is lost by transpiration and guttation through the presence of stomata in the leaves. In this process, water evaporates in the atmosphere from plant leaves and other part.
There are different types of transpiration which depends on the organ that performs transpiration
Stomatal transpirationCuticular transpirationLenticular TranspirationThus, plants with higher numbers of stomata on the surfaces of their leaves would likely have higher rates of transpiration when compared to plants with lower numbers of stomata because almost 97 % of water from plants is lost through stomatal transpiration.
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