which one of the following has the highest standard molar entropy? group of answer choices i2(g) h2(g) cl2(g) i2(s)

The concentration on which we should pipette out are 4μl.

To recap, the working solutions are 20μg/μl, 2μg/μl, and 0.2μg/μl.

1.

It’s basically the same as the other question. Set it up algebraically:

50μg/μl x = 200 μg

Note the variable x in the equation. You can see easily that x = 4μl (remember to include the units, and recall that units cancel in equations).

So if you pipet 4μl of the 50μg/μl working solution into a centrifuge tube, you’ll have 20μg of BSA in there.

2.

Again, set it up algebraically:

5μg/μl x = 20 μg

Here, x = 4μl again. So again you are pipetting out 4μl, except this time it’s from the 5μg/μl working solution.

3.

I’m sure you can see that there’s a trend going on here (it’s not any special science trend or anything like that, though).

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The electrophilic nitration of benzoic acid involves the attack of the nitronium ion ([NO2]+) on the benzene ring of the benzoic acid. The intermediate formed is a positively charged arenium ion, which can resonate between different resonance forms.

One of the resonance forms of the intermediate cation is shown below:

   O                        O

  //                        //

 /C+           <----->     /C

 \                          \

  \                          O-

In this resonance form, the positive charge is delocalized over the carbon atom and the adjacent oxygen atom. The resulting resonance hybrid is stabilized by the delocalization of the positive charge over the ring, which lowers the overall energy of the system.

The nitronium ion can attack at the meta position, which leads to the formation of 1,3-nitrobenzoic acid. The attack at the ortho or para positions would lead to the formation of other isomeric products.

The reason for the selective formation of 1,3-nitrobenzoic acid is due to the resonance stabilization of the intermediate cation. The meta position is less hindered than the ortho and para positions, and the resonance form shown above places the positive charge at the meta position. Therefore, the attack of the nitronium ion at the meta position is favored over the other positions. Additionally, the resonance form shown above places the negative charge of the carboxylate group at the para position, which makes it less favorable for the nitronium ion to attack at this position.

Overall, the resonance stabilization of the intermediate cation favors the selective formation of 1,3-nitrobenzoic acid in the electrophilic nitration of benzoic acid.

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To find the amount of gas in moles, we can use the Ideal Gas Law, which states that PV = nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.

Rearranging the equation to solve for n, we get:

n = PV / RT

Plugging in the given values, we get:

n = (2 atm) * (20 L) / (8.31 J/mol*K * 400 K)

Converting atm to Pa:

n = (2 * 101325 Pa) * (20 L) / (8.31 J/mol*K * 400 K)

Converting liters to cubic meters:

n = (2 * 101325 Pa) * (0.02 m^3) / (8.31 J/mol*K * 400 K)

Solving the equation:

n = 0.077 mol

So there are approximately 0.077 moles of gas in the 20-liter container at a pressure of 2 atm and a temperature of 400 K.

A mixture is a physical combination of two or more compounds that retain their identities.

A mixture in chemistry is a substance composed of two or more chemical components which are not chemically connected. A mixture is a physical combination of two or more compounds that retain their identities and therefore are mixed as solutions, suspensions, as well as colloids.

Silver                                         element

Ag and fluorine                          mixture

F                                                  element

carbon monoxide                      compound

CO and calcium chloride         mixture

CaCl[tex]_2[/tex]                                          compound

soft drink                                   mixture

Therefore, a mixture is a physical combination of two or more compounds that retain their identities.

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The negative sign indicates that gas G is actually decreasing, but the magnitude of the rate of change is given as 0.354 atm/s (to three significant figures).

What is magnitude?

The term magnitude refers to the size or amount of a quantity, without regard to its direction or sign. Magnitude is often represented as a scalar value, which means that it only has a magnitude and no associated direction.

To determine the rate at which gas G is increasing, we need to use the stoichiometry of the reaction and the given rate of change of gas E to calculate the rate of change of gas G. From the balanced chemical equation, we can see that 3 moles of gas E are consumed for every 2 moles of gas G that are produced:

2d(g) + 3e(g) + f(g) ↔ 2g(g) + h(g)

Thus, the rate at which gas G is increasing is related to the rate at which gas E is decreasing by the ratio of their stoichiometric coefficients:

(rate of change of gas G) = (2/3) x (rate of change of gas E)

Plugging in the given rate of change of gas E, we get:

(rate of change of gas G) = (2/3) x (-0.531 atm/s) = -0.354 atm/s

The negative sign indicates that gas G is actually decreasing, but the magnitude of the rate of change is given as 0.354 atm/s (to three significant figures).

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The IUPAC name of the following structural formula CH3CH OH−CH3 is propan-2-ol.

What is the structural formula?

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7 half-lives is equivalent to 56 days.

What is Half Life?

Half-life is the time required for half of the atoms in a sample of a radioactive substance to undergo radioactive decay. It is a characteristic property of each radioactive isotope, and can be used to determine the age of materials containing the isotope or to estimate the amount of the isotope remaining in a sample. The concept of half-life is based on the probabilistic nature of radioactive decay, which occurs at random times with a constant probability. The half-life is the time it takes for half of the atoms to decay, but the other half will remain, and each subsequent half-life will reduce the amount of radioactive material by half again.

The given conversion from half-lives to days can be solved using the following steps:

The given quantity is 7 half-lives.

We need to convert this to days.

The conversion factor given is 8 days per 1 half-life.

To convert from half-lives to days, we need to multiply the number of half-lives by the conversion factor.

So, using the given information:

7 half lives x 8 days / 1 half life = 56 days

Therefore, 7 half-lives is equivalent to 56 days.

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Therefore, the actual yield of iron in moles is 0.351 mol, the theoretical yield of iron in moles is 0.572 mol, and the percent yield is 61.31%.

In chemistry, a mole (mol) is a unit of measurement used to express the amount of a substance. It is defined as the amount of a substance that contains the same number of entities (such as atoms, molecules, or ions) as there are atoms in 12 grams of pure carbon-12. Moles are used to convert between the mass of a substance and the number of entities it contains, as well as to calculate the stoichiometry of chemical reactions. For example, the mass of a substance can be converted to moles by dividing the mass by its molar mass (the mass of one mole of the substance), which allows for the comparison of different substances on a per-mole basis. Similarly, the number of entities in a substance can be converted to moles by dividing the number by Avogadro's number.

Here,

To determine the theoretical yield of iron in moles, we first need to use the balanced chemical equation to calculate the moles of Fe produced from 0.286 mol of Fe2O3:

1 mol Fe2O3 produces 2 mol Fe (from the balanced equation)

Therefore, 0.286 mol Fe2O3 produces (2/1) x 0.286 mol Fe = 0.572 mol Fe (theoretical yield)

The actual yield of Fe is given as 19.6 g, so we need to convert this to moles using the molar mass of Fe:

molar mass of Fe = 55.845 g/mol

moles of Fe = 19.6 g / 55.845 g/mol = 0.351 mol (actual yield)

The percent yield is calculated by dividing the actual yield by the theoretical yield and multiplying by 100:

percent yield = (actual yield / theoretical yield) x 100%

percent yield = (0.351 mol / 0.572 mol) x 100% = 61.31%

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The full electron configuration for this element is: [tex]1s^{2}[/tex][tex]2s^{2} 2p^{3s} 3p^{2}[/tex] ,this corresponds to the element aluminum (Al).

An electronic configuration is a description of how electrons are distributed among the energy levels and sublevels of an atom or ion. It indicates the number of electrons in each sublevel of an atom, starting with the lowest energy level (1s) and moving up in energy through each subsequent level and sublevel.

For example, the electronic configuration of hydrogen is 1s^1, indicating that there is one electron in the 1s sublevel of the first energy level. The electronic configuration of oxygen is 1s^2 2s^2 2p^4, indicating that there are two electrons in the 1s sublevel, two electrons in the 2s sublevel, and four electrons in the 2p sublevel of the second energy level.

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If your colleague accidentally uses 0.1 M HCl(aq) to dilute fluorescein instead of 0.1 M NaOH(aq), the solution will become acidic rather than basic.

Fluorescein is a pH-sensitive molecule that changes structurally in acidic conditions, resulting in a substantial decrease in fluorescence intensity. Fluorescein exists in a deprotonated form in basic conditions, which is accountable for its bright green fluorescence.

In acidic conditions, however, the molecule protonates, causing a structural change that changes its electronic properties and results in a drop in fluorescence intensity.

As a result, if fluorescein is dissolved in 0.1 M HCl(aq), the solution becomes acidic, and the fluorescence intensity decreases considerably. This would have a significant impact on fluorescein's properties, especially its fluorescence.

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Answer:Lymphatic malformations (LM), also known as lymphangiomas, are characterized by the overgrowth of lymphatic vessels during pre- and postnatal development.

The value of Kp for the given reaction is 100.4

The equilibrium constant expression (Kp) for the given reaction is:

Kp = (P_SO₃)² / (P_SO₂)² × (P_O₂)

where P is the partial pressure of the gas in atm.

We can use the given information to calculate the partial pressures of each gas at equilibrium.

The initial pressure of each gas is 1.00 atm (since each mole of gas occupies the same volume, and the total volume is 1.00 L).

At equilibrium, each mole of SO₂ that reacts produces 1 mole of SO₃. Therefore, the partial pressure of SO₃ at equilibrium is:

P_SO₃ = 0.919 mol / 1.00 L = 0.919 atm

Since two moles of SO₂ react for every one mole of O₂, the partial pressure of SO₂ at equilibrium is:

P_SO₂ = (1.00 mol - 0.919 mol) / 1.00 L = 0.081 atm

Partial pressure of O2 at equilibrium is:

P_O₂ = (1.00 mol - 0.919 mol) / 1.00 L = 0.081 atm

Now we can substitute these values into the equilibrium constant expression:

Kp = (0.919)² / (0.081)² × (0.081) = 100.4

Therefore, the value of Kp for the given reaction is 100.4 (with no units, since the units cancel out).

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Answer:

The correct Answer IS B

Explanation:

Since B has 5 figures, and all the number are other than zero

Hope i Helped

Answer: I believe the answer is B). 36,238 due to having 5 Different place values all different than zero

Answer:

1 mol CO2

Explanation:

3 mol CH4 * [tex]\frac{1 mol CO2}{1 Mol CH4}[/tex] = 3 mol of CO2

2 mol O2 * [tex]\frac{1 mol CO2}{2 mol O2}[/tex] = 1 mol CO2

For Example: You make steak dinners and each plate has to have 1 steak and 2 potatoes. You have 3 steaks (CH4) but only 2 potatoes (O2). With only the steak you could make three dinners, but you are limited to only be able to make one plate (Mole of CO2) because you only have 2 potatoes.

A metal(II) ion concentration of 0.01 mol/L with a molar mass of 58.93 g/mol results in a concentration of the metal(II) ion in units of mg/L (ppm) of 589.3 mg/L (ppm).

One mole of a substance occupies a certain amount of space (designated by the symbol Vm) at a specific temperature and pressure. It is determined by dividing the substance's molecular mass (M) by its density () at the specified temperature and pressure. The SI unit for it is the cubic meter per mole (m3/mol). Cubic meters per mole (m3/mol) is the SI unit for molar volume. The moles per liter of a solution—the measurement of concentration molarity—are referred to as "molars" in this context. The phrase is most frequently used in chemistry to refer to a solute's molar concentration in a solution. Molar concentration is measured in mol/L or M.

Thinking about things from the a molecular perspective is a beneficial quality. All perfect gases will have the same molar volume since they all have the same number density. This will be 22.4 L at STP. This is helpful if you want to visualize the separation of molecules in various samples.

A form's volume is essentially equal to the product of its area and height. Volume = Height x Base Area.

We can use the following formula to change the measurement of the metal(II) ion concentration from mol/L to mg/L (ppm):

concentration in mg/L = (concentration in mol/L) x (molar mass in g/mol) x 1000

The following formula can be used to change the concentration of the metal(II) ion from units of mol/L to mg/L (ppm), assuming the metal(II) ion has a molar mass of 58.93 g/mol:

concentration in mg/L = (concentration in mol/L) x (molar mass in g/mol) x 1000

concentration in mg/L = (concentration in mol/L) x (58.93 g/mol) x 1000

For instance, the concentration in mg/L would be as follows if the metal(II) ion concentration was 0.01 mol/L:

concentration in mg/L = (0.01 mol/L) x (58.93 g/mol) x 1000

concentration in mg/L = 589.3 mg/L or 589.3 ppm

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The relationship between NO2 and O3 concentrations is not straightforward and depends on a variety of factors. It is important to monitor both pollutants and take steps to reduce emissions of both NO2 and VOCs in order to improve air quality and reduce the risk of adverse health effects.

Since the question is incomplete and the graph that ought to be shown is missing, I will look at the relationship between NO2 concentration and ozone concentration in general.

The relationship between nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3) concentrations is complex and depends on a variety of factors such as sunlight, temperature, and the presence of other pollutants.

In general, high levels of NO2 can contribute to the formation of O3 through a complex series of chemical reactions involving other pollutants such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This process, known as photochemical smog formation, typically occurs during warm, sunny weather and can lead to elevated levels of O3 in urban and suburban areas.

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Epoxides undergo a ring-opening reaction when attacked by strong nucleophiles, optically inactive starting material gives optically inactive products, this is an SN2 reaction. Option A and B are correct choices.

A) This statement is true. Epoxide ring opening by a strong nucleophile does not involve any chiral center, will give an optically inactive product.

B) This statement is also true. Epoxide ring opening by a strong nucleophile is typically an SN2 reaction, in which the nucleophile attacks the electrophilic carbon of the epoxide from the backside, leading to inversion of configuration at the attacked carbon.

C) This statement is not generally true. The Regio chemistry of epoxide ring opening by a strong nucleophile depends on the nature of the nucleophile, the identity of the substituents on the epoxide, and the reaction conditions.

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--The complete question is, Epoxides undergo a ring-opening reaction when attacked by strong nucleophiles. Select all that describe stereo/regiochemistry of this process.

A) optically inactive starting material gives optically inactive products

B) this is an SN2 reaction

C) for an unsymmetrical epoxide, the nucleophile attacks the less substituted C atom--

Through electrostatic interactions, the oxyanion hole maintains the tetrahedral intermediate. The oxyanion hole is a location in an enzyme's active site that stabilises the reaction's intermediate during enzymatic processes.

An attribute of enzymes that catalyse processes involving the production of tetrahedral intermediates is the oxyanion hole. It is distinguished by a collection of hydrogen-bonding amino acid residues that are positioned to stabilise the intermediate's developing negative charge on the oxygen atom. The breakdown of the link between the substrate and the leaving group is what causes this negative charge. The tetrahedral intermediate can be stabilised locally in the oxyanion hole, lowering the energy barrier for the reaction and accelerating the entire process. Many enzymes, including serine proteases, lipases, and many more, share the oxyanion hole.

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The equipment can be properly calibrated to ensure that the spray application rate is consistent and accurate, which is important for achieving the desired level of control while minimizing waste and avoiding off-target effects.

To prepare for equipment calibration, the following steps should be taken:

Check that all nozzles are the same and of the desired flow rate and pattern. Clean all nozzle and screens. Add clean water to the spray tank and adjust the pressure to the desired level while the pump is operating at normal speed. Make sure water is flowing through the nozzles.

Check the spray patterns from each nozzle. With the sprayer stationary and operating at the desired pressure, hold a measuring cup marked in fluid ounces directly under each nozzle for 1 min.

Calculate the average output (flow rate) by dividing the total amount collected by the number of nozzles. Replace any nozzle whose flow rate is 5% greater or less than the average.

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To find the molecular formula of an unknown compound from mass percent data, a series of steps must be taken in the correct order. These steps are as follows:

Convert mass percent to grams: The first step is to convert the mass percent of each element in the compound to grams. This can be done by assuming that there is 100 g of the compound and using the mass percent to calculate the mass of each element in grams.

Convert grams to moles: Next, the mass of each element in grams is converted to moles using the molar mass of the element. The molar mass is found on the periodic table and is the mass of one mole of the element in grams.

Determine the empirical formula: The empirical formula is the simplest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound. To find the empirical formula, divide the number of moles of each element by the smallest number of moles. If the resulting numbers are not whole numbers, multiply all the numbers by the smallest whole number that will make them all whole numbers.

Determine the molecular formula: The molecular formula is the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule. To find the molecular formula, divide the molecular weight of the compound by the empirical formula weight. This will give the number of empirical formula units in the molecular formula. Then, multiply the subscripts of the empirical formula by this number to get the molecular formula.

In summary, the necessary steps for finding the molecular formula of an unknown compound from mass percent data are: converting mass percent to grams, converting grams to moles, determining the empirical formula, and determining the molecular formula. These steps should be carried out in the order listed for an accurate and efficient determination of the molecular formula.

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If carbon makes up 52 g of a compound's mass, then there are 100 g of the compound and 52 g of carbon.

The percentage of a solution's mass that is made up of solutes is known as the mass percent. This percentage is measured in relation to the total mass of the solution.

A concentration or a component in a certain mixture can be expressed as mass percent. The mass percentage that indicates the mass of solute contained in a given mass of solution can be used to characterize the composition of the solution. In terms of mass or moles, the solute's concentration is expressed.

Each element must have an equal amount of atoms, which must be an integer ratio. If carbon makes up 52 g of a compound's mass, then there are 100 g of the compound and 52 g of carbon.

The mass percentage of each element is converted to moles using the mass formula mass / molar mass

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Answer:

When someone spends a long period in a closed well, their ability to breathe becomes more difficult due to the high concentration of carbon dioxide that has accumulated, which could result in death.

can I please get the five points :)

The correct matching is of pair of items is :

Known quantities in the problem --> Often provide useful conversion factors

Unknown quantity --> Will be the solution to the problem

Units of conversion factors --> Must cancel at each step, except for the units needed for the answer

Any units that do not cancel --> Are the units for the unknown quantity

1)The known quantities in the problem often provide useful conversion factors.

2)The unknown quantity will be the solution to the problem.

3)The units of conversion factors must cancel at each step, except for the units needed for the answer.

4)Any units that do not cancel are the units for the unknown quantity.

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False. According to the statement, the rate of recirculation can be adjusted to control the amount of dissolved oxygen present during the solids-contact clarifying process. Recirculation rate can play a significant role in process control, but it is not the only one.

The rate of recirculation refers to the percentage of a fluid's flow that is redirected back into a system for further processing or reuse, rather than being discharged or wasted. The rate of recirculation can vary depending on the specific system and process involved, but it is often used in industrial settings to improve efficiency and reduce waste. A high rate of recirculation can result in significant cost savings and environmental benefits.

Hence, the answer is False. The statement appears to be about controlling the dissolved oxygen volume in the solids-contact clarification process by controlling the rate of recirculation.

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The phosphate system can be used as an effective buffer in the pH range of 6.2-8.2, which includes the pKa of 7.2 for the equilibrium of dihydrogen phosphate and hydrogen phosphate.

To calculate the pH of the given mixture of 0.042 M H2PO4- and 0.058 M HPO42-, we can use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:

pH = pKa + log([HPO42-]/[H2PO4-])

pH = 7.2 + log(0.058/0.042)

pH = 7.34

Therefore, the pH of the mixture is 7.34.

When 1.0 mL of 10.0 M NaOH is added to 1.0 L of the buffer prepared above, we can use the equation for the reaction between NaOH and H2PO4-: NaOH + H2PO4- → NaHPO4 + H2O

The initial moles of H2PO4- in 1.0 L of the buffer are:

moles H2PO4- = 0.042 M × 1.0 L = 0.042 mol

Adding 1.0 mL of 10.0 M NaOH adds 0.01 mol of NaOH to the buffer solution. Assuming that all of the added NaOH reacts with H2PO4-, the final moles of H2PO4- and HPO42- can be calculated as follows:

moles H2PO4- = 0.042 mol - 0.01 mol = 0.032 mol

moles HPO42- = 0.058 mol + 0.01 mol = 0.068 mol

Using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation with the new concentrations of H2PO4- and HPO42-, we can calculate the final pH: pH = pKa + log([HPO42-]/[H2PO4-])

pH = 7.2 + log(0.068/0.032)

pH = 7.76

Therefore, the final pH of the buffer after the addition of NaOH is 7.76.

When 1.0 mL of 10.0 M NaOH is added to 1.0 L of pure water at pH 7.0, we can use the equation for the reaction between NaOH and water:

NaOH + H2O → Na+ + OH- + H2O

The initial concentration of OH- can be calculated from the concentration of NaOH: [OH-] = 10.0 M × 1.0 mL / 1000 mL = 0.01 M

The initial concentration of H+ in the water is:

[H+] = 10^-7.0 = 1.0 × 10^-7 M

Assuming that all of the added NaOH dissociates completely, the final concentration of OH- can be calculated as:

[OH-] = 0.01 M + 10.0 M × 1.0 mL / 1000 mL = 0.100 M

The final concentration of H+ can be calculated from the equation for the ion product of water:

[H+][OH-] = 1.0 × 10^-14

[H+] = 1.0 × 10^-14 / 0.100 M = 1.0 × 10^-13 M

Therefore, the final pH of the water after adding NaOH is 13.0.

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KCl would be the substance can dissolve only (is saturated at) 40 g in 60°C water

Option C  is correct.

A supersaturated solution is described as a solution that contains more than the average solvent that can be dissolved at a given temperature

​ At 60ºC, the solubility of KCl is about 42g/100mL of water. Therefore, since we have 40g of KCl that were dissolved in less than 100mL of water, the solution would be supersaturated.

In conclusion, supersaturation occurs with a solution when the concentration of a solute exceeds the concentration specified by the value of solubility at equilibrium.

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A) pH = 9.44, pOH = 4.56, Percentage protonation = [codeine-H+] / [codeine-H+] + [codeine] = 0.72%

B)pH = pKa + log([codeine]/[codeine-H+]) = 10.09, pOH = 3.91, Percentage protonation = [codeine-H+] / [codeine-H+] + [codeine] = 0.17%

C)pH = 8.21, pOH = 5.79, Percentage protonation = [codeine-H+] / [codeine-H+] + [codeine] = 0.01%

The pKa value given is for the conjugate acid of codeine which is codeine-H+. We can use the pKa value to determine the Ka value for codeine-H+ and then use the Ka value to determine the concentrations of codeine-H+ and codeine in solution.

(a) For 0.0073 M codeine in water, we can assume that the concentration of codeine-H+ is very small and can be neglected. The Ka value can be determined from the pKa as follows:

pKa = -log(Ka)

8.21 = -log(Ka)

Ka = 7.94 x 10^-9

To determine the concentration of codeine-H+, we can use the equation for the dissociation of codeine-H+:

Ka = [H+][codeine-]/[codeine-H+]

Let x be the concentration of codeine-H+ that dissociates. Then:

7.94 x 10^-9 = x^2 / (0.0073 - x)

Solving for x gives x = 5.29 x 10^-5 M

Therefore, the concentration of codeine-H+ is 5.29 x 10^-5 M and the concentration of codeine is 0.0073 M. Since codeine is a weak base, we can assume that it does not significantly affect the pH of the solution.

(b) Since the concentration of codeine is greater than the concentration of codeine-H+, we can assume that the pH will be determined by the concentration of codeine-H+.

Let x be the concentration of codeine-H+. Then:

Ka = [H+][codeine-]/[codeine-H+]

7.94 x 10^-9 = x^2 / (0.1 - x)

Solving for x gives x = 2.08 x 10^-5 M

(c) Similar to (b), we can assume that the pH will be determined by the concentration of codeine-H+.

Let x be the concentration of codeine-H+. Then:

Ka = [H+][codeine-]/[codeine-H+]

7.94 x 10^-9 = x^2 / (0.01 - x)

Solving for x gives x = 2.21 x 10^-5 M

(d) Similar to (a), we can assume that the concentration of codeine-H+ is very small and can be neglected.

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Answer:

NO2

Explanation:

the molar mass of oxygen = 138.06 x 0.695 = 95.9517

=> 95.9517/16 = 6

the molar mass of nitrogen = 138.06 x 0.305 = 42.1083

=> 42.1083 / 14 = 3

So there are 3 N and 6 O => N3O6 which is simplified empirically as NO2