Answer:
Debt to equity ratio and total amounts of liabilities
Explanation:
Permanent and Temporary components of Earnings
The Permanent components of earnings may continue into future. Example is the sales revenue from regular product lines may continue in the future.
Temporary components of earnings may not continue in the future. Example is the gains or losses from the sale of equipment
Quality of Earnings
This is simply defined as any substance of earnings and their sustainability into future accounting periods.
The Quality of Earnings is influence largely by:
1. Accounting Methods: this entails all methods/means are set up/designed to match revenue and expenses.
2. Accounting estimates: this is when users of financial statement need to be aware of the impact that accounting estimates have on income.
3. One time items: this covers if and when earnings increase/decrease because of a one time items,then that portion of earnings will be sustained in the future.
Components of Earnings quality
1. Proper revenue and expense recognition
2. Declining or stable operating expenses compared to sales
3. High and persistently improving gross margin/ sales ratio etc.
The debt to equity ratio and the total amount of liabilities of a company is not important in evaluating the earnings' quality.
The following Information is avallable for the year ended December 31: Beginning raw materials inventory Raw materials purchases Ending raw materials Inventory Office supplies expense $ 4100 5,600 4,600 2,600 The amount of raw materials used in production for the year is: __________ a) $5.100 b) $8,300 c) $5,700 d) $5,600. e) $9,700
Answer:
a. $5,100
Explanation:
Raw materials used in production = Beginning raw materials inventory + Raw materials purchases - Ending raw materials inventory
Raw materials used in production = $4100 + $5,600 - $4,600
Raw materials used in production = $5,100
So, the amount of raw materials used in production for the year is $5,100.
LUVFINANCE, Inc. is estimating its WACC. The firm could sell, at par, $100 preferred stock that pays a 10 percent annual dividend and incurs 6.19% flotation costs. What is the cost of new preferred stock financing
Answer:
$10.66
Explanation:
Calculation to determine the cost of new preferred stock financing
Cost of new preferred stock financing=(100*10%)/(100*(1-0.0619))
Cost of new preferred stock financing=10/(100*(1-0.0619))
Cost of new preferred stock financing=10/(100*0.9381)
Cost of new preferred stock financing=10/93.81
Cost of new preferred stock financing=$10.66
Therefore the cost of new preferred stock financing is $10.66
What was the result in Riley v. Iron Gate Self Storage, the case in which Larry Riley rented a self-storage unit from Iron Gate with an agreement limiting the value of stored contents to $5,000 and a corresponding liability limit of $5,000
Answer:
Larry Riley v. Iron Gate Self Storage
The result in the above-mentioned case was that judgment was entered in favor of Iron Gate.
Explanation:
The known facts are that after missing payments, Iron Gate auctioned Riley's storage unit items off, causing Riley to sue Iron Gate, in which he alleged to have suffered a $1.5 million in damages, whereas the storage unit was only allowed to hold $5,000. In its ruling, the court determined that self-storage facilities are not an essential or necessary public service. Therefore, it dismissed any procedural unconscionability. Thus, judgment was entered in favor of Iron Gate.
On Jan 1 2020, Ethan Corporation issued 12% bonds with a face value of $4,000,000. These bonds mature in ten years, and interest is paid semiannually on June 30 and December 31. The bonds were sold for $4,498,490 to yield 10%. Ethan uses a calendar-year reporting period. Using the effective-interest method of amortization, what amount of interest expense should be reported for 2020
Answer:
Ethan Corporation
Using the effective-interest method of amortization, the amount of interest expense that should be reported for 2020 is:
= $449,096
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Face value of bonds issued = $4,000,000
Issue price of the bonds = 4,498,490
Premium on the bonds = $498,490 ($4,498,490 - $4,000,000)
Coupon interest rate = 12%
Effective interest rate = 10%
Interest payments = June 30 and December 31
June 30:
Cash payment for bond interest = $240,000 ($4,000,000 * 6%)
Interest expense = 224,925 ($4,498,490 * 5%)
Amortization of bond premium = $15,075 ($240,000 - $224,925)
Bonds value = $4,483,415 ($4,498,490 - $15,075)
December 31:
Cash payment for bond interest = $240,000 ($4,000,000 * 6%)
Interest expense = 224,171 ($4,483,415 * 5%)
Amortization of bond premium = $15,829 ($240,000 - $224,171)
Bonds value = $4,467,586 ($4,483,415 - $15,829)
Interest expense for 2020 = $449,096 ($224,925 + $224,171)
Problems and Applications Q2 Your aunt is thinking about opening a hardware store. She estimates that it would cost $500,000 per year to rent the location and buy the stock. In addition, she would have to quit her $50,000 per year job as an accountant. What is the opportunity cost of something
Answer:
$550,000
Explanation:
Based on the information given the OPPORTUNITY COST OF RUNNING THE HARDWARE STORE will be $550,000 ($500,000+$50,000), which include the amount of $500,000 which is the cost of renting the store as well as to the cost to buy the stock while the $50,000 is her salary as an Accountant, reason been that she would QUIT HER JOB as an accountant in order for her to run the store.
Therefore the OPPORTUNITY COST will be $550,000
Barnes Books allows for possible bad debts. On May 7, Barnes writes off a customer account of $10,600. On September 9, the customer unexpectedly pays the $10,600 balance. Record the cash collection on September 9
Answer:
1. Debit Accounts recievable $10,600
Credit Allowance for uncollectable amounts $10,600.
2. Debit Cash $10,600
Credit Accounts receivable $10,600
Explanation:
Preparation of the journal entries to Record the cash collection on September 9.
Based on the information given the appropriate journal entries to Record the cash collection on September 9 will be:
September 9
1. Debit Accounts recievable $10,600
Credit Allowance for uncollectable amounts $10,600
2. Debit Cash $10,600
Credit Accounts receivable $10,600
Risk assessment is an evaluation of the PPS supported by a number of analysis methodologies, including :__________.
Answer:
Threat analysis Consequence analysis Event and Fault tree analyses Vulnerability analysisExplanation:
Threat Analysis
Involves the identification of areas of the system in question that are vulnerable to risk and then identifying what those risks are.
Consequence Analysis
With consequence analysis, the possible effects of the risks identified will be analyzed to see how much damage they can cause.
Event and Fault tree analyses
Here a tree is used to show all of the possible effects of a risky activity failing. It is used to find out the cause of the worst case scenario.
Vulnerability analysis
As the term implies, vulnerability analysis is done to see which parts of a system are at risk and how vulnerable they are to this risk and then ranking these vulnerabilities so that they can be prioritized.
Other things equal, diversification is most effective when Group of answer choices Securities returns are uncorrelated. Securities' returns are high. Both securities' returns are positively correlated and securities' returns are high. Securities' returns are positively correlated. You hold equal proportions of each security in a portfolio.
Answer:
Securities returns are uncorrelated.
Explanation:
Portfolio diversification is the process of holding different asset and security classes in order to minimise the non systemic risk of the portfolio
Non systemic risk are risks that can be diversified away. they are also called company specific risk. Examples of this type of risk is a manager engaging in fraudulent activities.
Correlation is a statistical measure used to measure the relationship that exists between two variables.
1. Positive correlation : it mean that the two variables move in the same direction. If one variable increases, the other variable also increases.
For example, there should be a positive correlation between quantity supplied and price
When there is a positive correlation, the graph of the variables is upward sloping
2. Negative correlation : it mean that the two variables move in different direction. If one variable increases, the other variable decreases.
For example, there should be a negative correlation between quantity demanded and price
When there is a negative correlation, the graph of the variables is downward sloping
3. Zero correlation : there is no relationship between the variables
In order to achieve the highest benefit of diversification, there should be no relationship between the assets in the portfolio
A firm uses a continuous review (Q) inventory system. Weekly demand for a product is normally distributed with a mean of 120 units and a standard deviation of 10 units. Lead time is constant at 4 weeks. The company reordered when 506 units of the product remained. About what cycle-service level (i.e., service level over the lead time) were they trying to maintain?
Answer: 90.32%
Explanation:
Weekly demand (d) = 120
Standard deviation = 10
Lead time (l) = 4
Reorder point = 506
The reorder point is calculated as:
506 = 120 × 4 + Z × 10 × ✓4
Solving for Z will give us 1.3
Then, we check this in the z table which will give us p = 0.9032
Therefore, the service level is 90.32%.
You have $7,600 to deposit. Regency Bank offers 12 percent per year compounded monthly (1.0 percent per month), while King Bank offers 12 percent but will only compound annually.
How much will your investment be worth in 16 years at each bank? (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answers to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.)
Regency Bank
King Bank
Answer:
Regency Bank : $51,347.27
King Bank : $46,590.99
Explanation:
The formula for calculating future value:
FV = P (1 + r)^mn
FV = Future value
P = Present value
R = interest rate
N = number of years
m = number of compounding
Regency Bank : $7,600 x (1.01)^(16 x 12) = $51,347.27
King Bank : $7600 x 1.12^16 = $46,590.99
Assume that beer is an inferior good. If the price of beer falls, then the substitution effect results in the person buying ________ of the good and the income effect results in the person buying ________ of the good.
Answer:
more
less
Explanation:
Inferior goods are goods whose demand falls when income rises and increases when income falls.
When the price of beer changes, there are two effects that determine the quantity demanded. They are :
1. the substitution effect
2. the income effect
The substitution effect looks at the change in price of a good relative to other goods. When the price of beer decreases, it becomes cheaper relative to other goods. Thus, the demand for it increases.
The income effect looks at how a change in price affects real disposable income. When price of beer reduces, disposable income increases. Because beer is an inferior good, it would lead to a decrease in the demand for beer
DEFINITION TERM 1. Investments in debt securities that are not held-to-maturity or trading. 2. Investments in debt securities that are actively traded. 3. Investments in debt securities intended to be held until maturity. 4. Investments in equity securities with significant influence.
Answer:
1. Available-for-sale securities.
2. Trading.
3. Held-to-maturity.
4. Significant influence.
Explanation:
An investment can be defined as the acquisition of fixed capital assets, items or goods for the sole purpose of generating income in the future. The goal of all investors is to purchase assets or properties that would appreciate over time i.e an increase the value of the assets compared to when it was acquired.
The various types of an investment include the following;
1. Available-for-sale securities: investments in debt securities that are not held-to-maturity or trading.
2. Trading: investments in debt securities that are actively traded. This type of debt securities are usually reported as current assets.
3. Held-to-maturity: investments in debt securities intended to be held until maturity. Depending on the maturity of the debt securities, held-to-maturity securities are reported in long-term or current assets.
4. Significant influence: investments in equity securities with significant influence.
Given a real rate of interest of 3.2%, an expected inflation premium of 5.1%, and risk premiums for investments A and B of 7.4% and 8.9% respectively, find the following: a. The risk-free rate of return, rf b. The required returns for investments A and B
Answer:
a. Risk-free rate of return:
= Real rate of return + Inflation premium
= 3.2% + 5.1%
= 8.3%
b. Required return for investment A:
= Risk free rate of return + Risk premium
= 8.3% + 7.4%
= 15.7%
Required return for investment B
= 8.3% + 8.9%
= 17.2%
es $ 160,000 Accounts receivable increase $ 10,000 Expenses: Inventory decrease 16,000 Cost of goods sold 100,000 Salaries payable increase 1,000 Salaries expense 24,000 Depreciation expense 12,000 Net income $ 24,000 Required: Prepare the operating activities section of the statement of cash flows using the indirect method. (Amounts to be deducted should be indicated with a minus sign.)
Answer:
Statement of Cash Flows
Cash from operating activities
Net Income $24,000
Adjustments to reconcile net income with
net cash flow from operating activities:
Depreciation 12,000
Increase in accounts receivable (10,000)
Decrease in inventory 16,000
Salaries payable increase 1,000 $19,000
Net cash flow : Operating activities $43,000
Which of the following methods of accounting for investments is appropriate when the investor has significant influence over the investee?
a. cost method.
b. mark to market method.
c. equity method.
d. lower of cost or market method.
Answer:
The answer is "Option c".
Explanation:
The equity method is indeed the conventional technique used whenever an investor, a firm, has a massive effect on some other asset manager.
It is the method used by a company to document its money generated through investment in another company.
The investor should record its profits or losses following its ownership percentage. It regularly changes the value of the property to a balance sheet of even an investor.
Is there currently a surplus or shortage of human organs available for transplant? Using the demand/supply framework, explain how legalizing the trade for human organs will help move the market towards an equilibrium.
Answer 1:
Yes. There is currently a shortage of human organs available for transplant
Explanation:
This is because in the U.S. the current legislation bans the sale of human organs. Hence the official or legal price of a human organ is $0.
Going by the principles of supply and demand, supply (all other factors held constant) follows in the direction price.
Answer 2:
Legalizing the trade for human organs will have the following impact:
it would reduce the shortage of human organs. Higher prices usually create increased levels of supply. On the other hand, it may also reduce quantity demanded. As soon as the sale of human organs become legal, those waiting to receive organs will have to pay or offer a higher price for an organ. The point of equilibrium is where the demand and supply curves intersect. Changes in the demand curve is highly unlikely however, the supply curve might move to the left because presently the bulk of kidney donors are those who do it from good conscience expecting nothing in return. Those category of people may become de-incentivised more and more from making their donations.Cheers
Natal Technologies is developing a superior ultrasound machine for which it is required to invest $800,000. Based on the company's analysis, the product will generate $200,000 from the first year till perpetuity. According to this, the payback period is ________.
a. 10 years.
b. 6 years.
c. 3 months.
d. 4 years.
Answer:
d. 4 years.
Explanation:
The payback period is the length of time that it takes for the future cash flows to equal the amount invested in a project. It takes 4 years to get $800,000 for Natal Technologies product.
Suppose cyclone industrial inc will pay a dividend of 1.65 per share next year. The require return on the stock is 8% and its dividends will grow by 2% per year indefinitely. What is the stock price today?
Answer:
$27.50
Explanation:
according to the constant dividend growth model
price = d1 / (r - g)
d1 = next dividend to be paid
r = cost of equity
g = growth rate
$1.65 / ( 0.08 - 0.02) = $27.50
The following information is given about two fixed coupon bonds from Company A and Company B, both of which have several years left until maturity. Both bonds have a par value of $1,000. Based on this information, which of the following is most accurate?
Company A Company B
Coupon = 4% Coupon = 8%
Yield = 6% Yield = 6%
A. Company A’s bond is priced higher than Company B’s and Company B’s bond is traded at a premium
B. Company A’s bond is priced lower than Company B’s and Company B’s bond is traded at a premium
C. Company A’s bond is priced higher than Company B’s and Company B’s bond is traded at a discount
D. Company A’s bond is priced lower than Company B’s and Company B’s bond is traded at a discount
Answer: B. Company A’s bond is priced lower than Company B’s and Company B’s bond is traded at a premium
Explanation:
Discount bond ⇒ Bond coupon rate is less than yield which leads to bond having a lower than par price.
Premium bond ⇒ Bond coupon rate is more than yield which leads to bond having higher than par price.
Company A therefore has a discount bond that has a low price compared to Company B which has a premium bond which means that its price is relatively high.
Company B's bond is therefore priced higher than Company A's bond.
An example of fast tracking a project schedule would be to overlap the design and production phases for a design-to-production project, where the conventional approach would be to move on to construction only after completing the design phase.
a. True
b. False
Answer:
a. True
Explanation:
Project management can be defined as the process of designing, planning, developing, leading and execution of a project plan or activities using a set of skills, tools, knowledge, techniques and experience to achieve the set goals and objectives of creating a unique product or service.
Generally, projects are considered to be temporary because they usually have a start-time and an end-time to complete, execute or implement the project plan.
Furthermore, the main purpose of project management is working toward a common goal.
This ultimately implies that, project managers should ensure adequate attention and time is taken to identify, analyze and manage capital, raw materials, people, system of tasks and other resources, so as to effectively and efficiently achieve a common goal with all project stakeholders.
The fundamentals of Project Management includes;
1. Project initiation
2. Project planning
3. Project execution
4. Monitoring and controlling of the project.
5. Adapting and closure of project.
In the execution of a project, delaying a task normally affects the start or finishing time of the other tasks (successors) in a project.
The amount of time that is permitted for an activity to be delayed without delaying the early start date of any immediately following (succeeding) activities refers to the free slack or having an adverse effect on entire project.
A project schedule can be defined as a plan that comprises of the deliverables, activities and milestones with respect to a project, especially by including the intended start and finish dates.
The time for the implementation or execution of a project can be fast-tracked by a project manager.
For example, you can fast-track a design-to-production project by overlapping the design and production phases; especially by moving on to construction only after completing the design phase.
You own a stock portfolio invested 30 percent in Stock Q, 14 percent in Stock R, 40 percent in Stock S, and 16 percent in Stock T. The betas for these four stocks are .99, 1.05, 1.45, and 1.90, respectively. What is the portfolio beta
Answer:
the portfolio beta is 1.33
Explanation:
The computation of the portfolio beta is shown below:
= respective percentage × respective betas
= 0.30 × 0.99 + 0.14 × 1.05 + 0.40 × 1.45 + 0.16 × 1.90
= 0.297 + 0.147 + 0.58 + 0.304
= 1.328
= 1.33
Hence, the portfolio beta is 1.33
The same should be considered and relevant too
John F. Kennedy, Jr. crashed his airplane as a result of being disoriented while flying in marginal weather conditions at night. In order to reduce the risk of an accident during these conditions, a pilot should
Answer: b. Rely more on flight instruments than normal
Explanation:
Due to the weather conditions, John Kennedy Jr. became disoriented and in the process did not know which way to best fly to plane towards which means that he lost direction and that was why he crashed.
In such a situation, it is advised that a pilot should rely more on their navigation equipment instead of the horizon or other navigation patterns that could have been affected by the weather. The flight equipment on board would be less affected and so would be safer to use.
On January 1, Year 1, Jing Company purchased office equipment that cost $15,200 cash. The equipment was delivered under terms FOB shipping point, and transportation cost was $1,300. The equipment had a five-year useful life and a $5,700 expected salvage value. Assume that Jing Company earned $17,400 cash revenue and incurred $11,000 in cash expenses in Year 3. The company uses the straight-line method. The office equipment was sold on December 31, Year 3 for $8,900. What is the company's net income (loss) for Year 3?
a. $4,752 and $12,672
b. $2,200 and $12,760
c. $2,851 and $16,151
d. $0 and $13,300
Answer:
$3,120
Explanation:
First and foremost, annual depreciation expense is determined using the below straight-line method formula:
annual depreciation=total cost of equipment-salvage value/useful life
total cost of equipment=purchase price+ transportation cost
total cost of equipment=$15,200+$1,300
total cost of equipment=$16,500
salvage value=$5,700
useful life =5 years
annual depreciation=($16,500-$5,700)/5
annual depreciation=$2,160
net income=cash revenue-cash expenses-annual depreciation+profit/(loss) on disposal
profit or(loss)=sales proceeds-book value
book value=cost-accumulated depreciation for 3 years
book value=$16,500-($2160*3)=$10,020
profit/(loss) on disposal=$8,900-$10,020=-$1,120
net income= $17,400-$11,000-$2,160-$1,120
net income=$3,120
Ethics Learning to recognize ethical issues is the most important step in understanding business ethics.
a. True
b. False
Answer:
A) True
Explanation:
Ethical learning can be regarded as educational proposal that has the purpose of preparing students as regards their future working life , through rendering of help to acquire skills that will give them enablement to perform their professions with responsibility as well as autonomy.
Business ethics can be regarded as study of needed business policies as well as business practices. Subject needed to learn could involves could be corporate social responsibility,corporate governance and others. It should be noted that Ethics Learning to recognize ethical issues is the most important step in understanding business ethics.
What IHRM activities would be pertinent to the sending, by Médecins Sans Frontieres, of a medical team into a country such as Bangladesh?
Answer:
It is the responsibility of the HR department to enable employees to perform a job with skill, safety and ideal conditions.
Therefore, in a Médecins Sans Frontières program with the sending of a medical team to a country like Bangladesh, it would be the competence of the responsible company's HR, to prepare its team to be received in the place with good housing, food and security conditions. Enabling and training the medical team to deal with the work and demands of a country like Bangladesh, which, being a country with a lot of social inequality and conditions of poverty, has particular challenges in relation to health, which the doctors sent should be well prepared to take on that job and the risks involved.
A bond that pays interest semiannually has a price of $941.35 and a semiannual coupon payment of $26.00. If the par value is $1,000, what is the current yield
Answer:
5.52%
Explanation:
Calculation to determine the current yield
Current yield = ($26.00 × 2)/$941.35
Current yield=$52/$941.35
Current yield= .0552*100
Current yield= 5.52%
Therefore the Current yield is 5.52%
Jammer Company uses a weighted average perpetual inventory system and reports the following:
August 2 Purchase 24 units at $18.50 per unit. August 18 Purchase 26 units at $20.00 per unit. August 29 Sale 48 units. August 31 Purchase 29 units at $21.50 per unit.
What is the per-unit value of ending inventory on August 31? (Round your per unit answers to 2 decimal places.)
Answer: $21.36
Explanation:
Weighted average inventory system works by taking the average of the inventory prices on the different days.
Price on August 29 which is date of sale:
= {(Units purchased on August 2 * Unit cost on August 2) + ( Units purchased on August 18 * Unit cost on August 18)] / (Units purchased on August 2 + Units purchased on August 18)
= [ ( 24 * 18.50) + (26 * 20) ] / (24 + 26)
= $19.28 per unit
48 units were sold so the number of units left are:
= 24 + 26 - 48
= 2 units
Price on August 31
= [ (Units remaining on August 29 * Unit cost on August 29) + ( Units purchased on August 31 * Unit cost on August 31)] / (Units remaining on August 29 + Units purchased on August 31)
= [ (2 * 19.28) + (29 * 21.50) ] / ( 2 + 29)
= $21.36
Employees earn vacation pay at a rate of one day per month. Maxum estimated and must expense $13,000 of accrued vacation benefits for the year. During December, Maxum Company sold 12,000 units of a product that carries a 60-day warranty. December sales for this product total $460,000. The company expects 10% of the units to need warranty repairs, and it estimates the average repair cost per unit will be $15.
Required:
Prepare adjusting entries at December 31 for Maximum Company's year-end financial statements for each of the above separate transactions.
Answer and Explanation:
The journal entries are shown below:
1
Vacation Benefit Expense $13,000
To Vacation Benefit Payable $13,000
(Being vacation benefit expense is recorded)
2
Warranty Expense $18,000
To Estimated Warranty Liability $18,000
($12,000 × 10 % × $15) = $18,000
(Being warranty expense is recorded)
These two entries need to be passed
Professional Products Inc., a wholesaler of office products, was organized on February 5 of the current year, with an authorization of 100,000 shares of preferred 2% stock, $50 par and 650,000 shares of $25 par common stock. The following selected transactions were completed during the first year of operations:
Feb. 5. Issued 700,000 shares of common stock at par for cash.
Feb. 5. Issued 1,200 shares of common stock at par to an attorney in payment of legal fees for organizing the corporation.
Apr. 9. Issued 40,000 shares of common stock in exchange for land, buildings, and equipment with fair market prices of $120,000, $280,000, and $80.000, respectively.
June 14. Issued 25,000 shares of preferred stock at $82 for cash.
Journalize the transactions.
Answer:Please find answers below
Explanation:
Being the issue of 700,000 shares of common stock at par for cash
Date Accounts and explanation Debit Credit
5th Feb Cash (700,000 shares × $25) $17,500,000
To Common Stock $17,500,000
Being the issue of 1200 shares of common stock at par for legal fees
Date Accounts and explanation Debit Credit
5th Feb Legal Fees (1200 shares × $25) $30,000
To Common Stock $30,000
Being the issue of the common stock in exchange of assets
Date Accounts and explanation Debit Credit
9th Apr Land $120,000
Building $280,000
Equipment $80,000
To Common Stock (40,000 shares × $25) $1,000,000
To Paid in capital excess of par value
(error noticed as the debit and credit balance do not tall after computation the amount of land, building and equipment $120,000, $280,000, and $80.000,with respect to the common stock of 40,000 shares × $25)
Being the issuance of the preferred stock.
Date Accounts and explanation Debit Credit
14th Jun Cash (25,000 shares × $82) $2,050,000
To preferred Stock (25,000 shares × $50) $1,250,000
To Paid in capital excess of par value $800,000
Typical cash inflows of a capital investment project include all of the following EXCEPT: A. projected incremental revenues from the project. B. cost reductions in operating costs. C. the salvage value of the investment at the end of its useful life. D. tax savings generated by depreciation expense. E. the original cost paid for the capital investment.
Answer:
E
Explanation:
Cash inflows are cash increases in a project
they include :
projected incremental revenues from the project.
cost reductions in operating costs.
the salvage value of the investment at the end of its useful life
tax savings generated by depreciation expense.
Cash outflows reduces the cash available in a project. They are usually subtracted
they include
the original cost paid for the capital investment.
working capital investment
A project is profitable if cash inflow exceeds cash outflow
Typical cash inflows of a capital investment project do not include the original cost paid for the capital investment.
A capital investment project is regarded as a project that aims at increasing the assets of the business. The inflows in these projects are derived when cash outflows are subtracted from revenues and cash flows of the project.
Therefore, the original cost that would be paid for the capital investment becomes part of cash outflow from the business, which decreases the total availability of cash.
Learn more about capital investment projects here:
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