Combining coal with purified oxygen can make it burn cleaner and reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
This process is known as oxygen-enhanced combustion or oxygen-fired combustion. In this process, the purified oxygen is introduced into the combustion chamber to increase the combustion efficiency, thereby reducing the carbon dioxide emissions. However, the other fossil fuels such as natural gas, liquid petroleum gas and oil cannot be made to burn cleaner with purified oxygen as they are already primarily composed of hydrocarbons and do not require oxygen to combust.
Combining purified oxygen with a fossil fuel like coal can lead to cleaner burning and reduced carbon dioxide emissions. This process is known as oxygen enrichment or oxygen-enhanced combustion. During oxygen enrichment, the proportion of oxygen in the combustion air is increased to around 30-35%, allowing for a more complete combustion of the coal.
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5 Stainless steel is an alloy of iron and other metals. It is strong and does not rust but it costs much more than normal steel. What is not made from stainless steel?
A cutlery
B pipes in a chemical factory
C railway lines
D saucepans
Answer:
The correct answer is C railway lines.
Explanation:
The reason why C (railway lines) are not made from stainless steel is because it is an expensive material compared to other types of steel, such as carbon steel. Additionally, although stainless steel is strong and does not rust, it is not as strong as other types of steel and is therefore not suitable for use in high-stress applications such as railway lines. The high stress and strain experienced by railway lines require the use of stronger, more durable materials that can withstand heavy loads and high impact.
a jeweler has 5 rings, each weighing 12 g, made of an alloy of 10% silver and 90% gold. she decides to melt down the rings and add enough silver to reduce the gold content to 72%. how much silver should she add?
The jeweler must add 15 grams of silver to the alloy in order to reduce the gold content to 72%.
Given:
The jeweler has 5 rings. Each weighs 12 g and is made of 10% silver and 90% gold.Upon melting all the rings, the weight of the alloy material will be 12 * 5 = 60 grams.
This alloy contains 10% silver and 80% gold. The jeweler then going to add melted silver so the alloy has 72% gold and 28% silver. Therefore, we can be sure that the amount of gold before mixing is the SAME as the amount of gold after mixing.
90% of 60 grams = 72% of (60 + x) grams
0.90 * 60 = 0.72 (60 + x)
54 = 43.2 + 0.72x
0.72x = 54 / 43.2
x = 15
That means the jeweler must add 15 grams of silver to the alloy in order to reduce the gold content to 72%.
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why is a saturated fatty acid that is composed of 18 carbons slightly less hydrophobic than a hydrocarbon that is composed of 18 carbons?
A saturated fatty acid that is composed of 18 carbons is slightly less hydrophobic than a hydrocarbon that is composed of 18 carbons because the fatty acid has at least one double bond in its carbon chain, which reduces its hydrophobicity.
What is hydrophobic ?Hydrophobic is a term used to describe a substance or material that repels water. It is a physical property that is caused by molecules that have a strong aversion to water molecules. Hydrophobic molecules are usually characterized by having an uncharged, nonpolar surface, which makes them unable to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. Common substances that are hydrophobic include oil, wax, and other organic compounds.
The double bond adds a polar group to the molecule, which can interact with water molecules and partially dissolve the fatty acid in water. Hydrocarbons, on the other hand, are composed entirely of non-polar C-C and C-H bonds, which are unable to interact with water, making them more hydrophobic.
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the half-life of 32p is approximately two weeks. approximately what fraction of a sample of radioactive phosphorus will remain radioactive after eight weeks?
After eight weeks, 1/4 of the sample of radioactive phosphorus will remain radioactive.
What is radioactive ?Radioactive is the process of emitting particles and radiation from an atom, which occurs naturally in some materials and can be induced in others. When atoms decay, they emit particles and energy in the form of gamma rays, alpha particles, and beta particles. Radioactive materials can be found in nature, either from natural sources such as uranium, or from human activities such as nuclear power plants. Radioactive materials can be used in a variety of ways, such as in medical treatments, energy production, and industrial applications. Radioactive materials can also be hazardous if they are not managed or contained properly, as they can cause damage to human health and the environment.
This is because the half-life of 32P is two weeks, meaning that after two weeks, half of the material will have decayed. Therefore, after four weeks, only 1/4 of the material will remain radioactive, and after eight weeks, 1/4 of the material will still be radioactive.
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a solution of 1.80 g of a nonelectrolyte in 500.0 ml of water at 27.0°c has an osmotic pressure of 39.5 mmhg. what is the molar mass of the compound?
Answer:
The osmotic pressure can be calculated using the Van't Hoff equation:Π = MRTwhere M is the molar concentration of the solute, R is the gas constant (0.0821 L atm K^-1 mol^-1), T is the temperature in Kelvin (273.15 K + 27.0°C = 300.15 K), and Π is the osmotic pressure in atmospheres.
Converting mmHg to atmospheres:
39.5 mmHg * 1 atm/760 mmHg = 0.052 atm
Rearranging the equation and solving for M:
M = Π / (RT) = 0.052 atm / (0.0821 L atm K^-1 mol^-1 * 300.15 K)
Next, we can use the molar mass to find the moles of solute:
moles = mass / molar mass = 1.80 g / molar mass
Finally, we can set the moles equal to the molar concentration and solve for molar mass:
M = moles / volume = moles / 0.500 L
moles = M * volume = 0.052 atm / (0.0821 L atm K^-1 mol^-1 * 300.15 K) * 0.500 Lmolar mass = mass / moles = 1.80 g / (moles)
Solving for molar mass gives a value of approximately 86 g/mol.
The molar mass of the non-electrolyte is 169.9 g/mol.
Osmotic pressure is a colligative property of a solution, which means it depends on the number of solute particles in the solution, not on their chemical nature. For a dilute solution of a non-electrolyte, the osmotic pressure is given by the following equation:
π = MRT
where π is the osmotic pressure, M is the molar concentration of the solute, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.
In this problem, we are given the mass of the non-electrolyte (1.80 g), the volume of the solution (500.0 mL), and the temperature (27.0 °C), and we are asked to find the molar mass of the compound.
First, we need to calculate the molar concentration of the solution:
M = n/V
where n is the number of moles of the solute and V is the volume of the solution. We can find n by dividing the mass of the solute by its molar mass:
n = m/M
where m is the mass of the solute (1.80 g). Substituting these values into the equation for molar concentration, we get:
M = (1.80 g / M) / (0.5000 L)
Solving for M, we get:
M = 0.07198 g/L
Next, we need to convert the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin:
T = 27.0 °C + 273.15 = 300.15 K
Finally, we can use the equation for osmotic pressure to solve for the molar mass (M) of the non-electrolyte:
π = MRT
M = π / RT = (39.5 mmHg) / (0.08206 L atm/mol K * 300.15 K)
M = 169.9 g/mol
Therefore, the molar mass of the non-electrolyte is 169.9 g/mol.
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in the transition state for this compound, the negative charge is divided between the leaving cl atom and the incoming br atom. based on the hammond postulate, how would you expect that charge to be distributed between the two atoms?
Bimolecular nucleophilic substitution (SN2) reactions are concerted reactions in which both the nucleophile and the substrate are involved in the rate-limiting step. Bonds are broken and new bonds are formed in a single step thanks to the coordinated nature of this reaction. In order to comprehend this reaction, it is essential to examine the transition state, which replicates the concerted rate-limiting step.
What is Hammond postulate?
The geometrical structure of the transition state of an organic chemical reaction is described by Hammond's postulate (also known as the Hammond-Leffler postulate), a physical organic chemistry hypothesis.
According to the postulate, which George Hammond first put forth in 1955, if two states, such as a transition state and an unstable intermediate, happen concurrently during a reaction process and have nearly the same amount of energy, their interconversion will only cause a slight reorganization of molecular structures.
Bimolecular nucleophilic substitution (SN2) reactions are concerted reactions in which the rate-limiting step involves both the nucleophile and the substrate. Due to the concerted nature of the reaction, the bonds are broken and new bonds are formed all in one step. It is crucial to examine the transition state, which resembles the concerted rate-limiting step, in order to interpret this reaction. The halide (L) bond is broken while the nucleophile forms a new bond with the carbon in the "Depiction of SN2 Reaction" figure.
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10. Draw Lewis structures for the following polyatomic ions:
a. NH+
4
b.SO2-
4
The drawing of Lewis structures for the following polyatomic ions are given attachment:
a. NH₄⁺
b. SO₄²⁻
How to draw Lewis structure?
Step 1 :- find the total number of valence electrons of the combining atoms .For anion , the total negative charge is added to and for cation, the total positive change is subtracted from the number of valence electrons .
total number of valance electrons = 6 + 6 × 4 +2 = 32
step 2 :- The least electronegative atom is placed at the centre, surrounded by highly electronegative atoms .
S occupies central atom surrounded by O - atoms. because
step 3 :- Draw single bond among each atom, and then complete octet of surrounding atoms followed by central atom by assigning lone pair, double bond or triple bond.
What is the Lewis structure?
Any molecule with a covalent link, as well as coordination compounds, can have a Lewis structure. Gilbert N. Lewis, gave the Lewis structure its name. Lewis structures add lines between atoms to represent shared pairs in a chemical bond, extending the idea of the electron dot diagram.To know more about the Lewis structure, click the link given below:
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Aluminum wiring can be a fire hazard because it can oxidize, or combine with oxygen. How many grams of aluminum are needed to react with 3.00 moles of oxygen?
Aluminum wiring can be a fire hazard because it can oxidize, or combine with oxygen. Therefore, 4moles of aluminium react with 3 moles of oxygen.
What is aluminium?Aluminum (Al), also written aluminium, is a chemical element that is a light silvery white metal in Periodic Group 13 (IIIa, or the boron group). Aluminum is the most common nonferrous metal and the most prevalent metallic element in the Earth's crust.
Aluminum is never found in its metallic form in nature due to its chemical activity, but its compounds are found to varying degrees in practically all minerals, flora, and animals.
4Al + 3O[tex]_2[/tex] [tex]\rightarrow[/tex] 2Al[tex]_2[/tex]O[tex]_3[/tex]
mole of oxygen =3 moles
the mole ratio between aluminium and oxygen is 4:3.
moles of aluminium = 4moles
Therefore, 4moles of aluminium react with 3 moles of oxygen.
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carbohydrates are polymers formed of structural units calledgroup of answer choicesamino acids.monosaccharidesphosphate groups.fatty acids.
Carbohydrates are polymers formed of structural units called monosaccharides.
What are Monosaccharides?Monosaccharides, often known as simple sugars, are the most fundamental forms of sugar and the monomers from which all other types of carbohydrates are constructed. Typically, these substances are colorless, soluble in water, and crystalline in appearance. Only certain monosaccharides, despite their common name (sugars), have a flavor that may be described as sweet.
The chains of the most common monosaccharides are unbranched and single-bonded, and they comprise anywhere from three to six carbon atoms. Glucose (also known as dextrose), fructose, galactose, xylose, and ribose are a few examples of monosaccharides. Monosaccharides are the fundamental components from which disaccharides such as sucrose (table sugar) and polysaccharides are produced (such as cellulose and starch).
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what is the molar mass of ag
Answer:
107.8682U is the molar mass of ag
Use the idea of a cost-benefit analysis to discuss why DOW chemical has been unwilling to
pay any further money to clean up Bhopal, while spending millions on the "Human Element"
advertising campaign.
Dow Company refused to take responsibility for Bhopal Tragedy because they claimed that they acquired Union Carbide free of liabilities. Union Carbide owned the plant in Bhopal before. They settled the claim but paid substantially fewer fines than the amount being promised, until such time that Dow Company acquired them.
Is Dow chemical responsible for Bhopal?
India's Bhopal plant suffered a terrible tragedy when gas leaked out of it in 1984. You should be aware that The Dow Chemical Company (TDCC) has never owned or run the Bhopal plant. TDCC did not take over UCC's debts when Union Carbide Corporation (UCC) became a division of TDCC in 2001.
What Is the Meaning of Dow in the Stock Market?
The Dow Jones Industrial Average, also known as the Dow for short, is a metric used to determine the general direction of the stock market. 30 of the stocks with the heaviest trading volume are represented by their prices.
What is Dow chemical famous for?
The Dow Chemical Company (Dow) manufactures and provides raw materials for goods used in a wide range of sectors, including the appliance, automotive, agricultural, chemical processing, electronics, oil and gas, and processed food industries.
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if 5.651 grams of material dissolves in 5.00 ml of water, how many grams of the material will dissolve in 100.00 ml of water?
If 5.651 grammes of a material dissolve in 5.00 ml of water, then 100.00 ml of water will dissolve 113.02 grammes of that material.
Given that 5.65 ml of water can dissolve 5.651 grammes of material
1.1302 grammes of the substance dissolve in 1 millilitre of water because 5.651/5.00 = 1.1302.
1.1302 grammes of material multiplied by 100 millilitres of water results in 113.02.
Due to this, 113.02 grammes of the material will dissolve in 100 ml of water.
Solubility. A certain amount of solute can often only dissolve in a certain amount of solvent. The solubility of the solute is the name for this threshold.
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propane, c3h8 , is a common fuel used for cooking and home heating. what mass of o2 is consumed in the combustion of 1.40 g of propane?
the mass of oxygen consumed in the combustion of 1.40 g of propane is 5.072 g.
What is propane ?Propane is a type of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) that is widely used as a fuel for a variety of purposes. It is stored and transported as a liquid and is colorless and odorless in its pure form. Propane is a clean-burning, efficient and cost-effective fuel, making it a popular choice for residential and commercial applications. It is commonly used for heating, cooking, hot water, grilling and other types of fuel-based appliances. It is also used in many industrial processes, such as metalworking and welding, and is used to fuel cars and trucks.
The molecular weight of propane (C3H8) is 44.096 g/mol. 1.40 g of propane contains 1.40/44.096 moles, which is 0.0317 moles of propane. The balanced equation for the combustion of propane is:
C3H8 + 5O2 --> 3CO2 + 4H2O
This means that for every mole of propane, 5 moles of oxygen are consumed. Therefore, 0.0317 moles of propane requires 0.0317*5 = 0.1585 moles of oxygen.The molecular weight of oxygen (O2) is 32.00 g/mol. Therefore, 0.1585 moles of oxygen is equal to 0.1585*32.00 = 5.072 g of oxygen. Therefore, the mass of oxygen consumed in the combustion of 1.40 g of propane is 5.072 g.
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in radioactive decay, which type of emission involves an unstable nucleus creating an electron then ejecting it in order to become stable?
As radioactive atoms decay and try to come to be stable, the nuclei launch strength withinside the shape of ionizing radiation (alpha debris, beta debris and gamma rays).
The strength launched is known as ionizing radiation as it has sufficient strength to knock tightly certain electrons from the atom's orbit. Alpha decay happens whilst the nucleus ejects an alpha particle (helium nucleus). Beta decay happens in ways; beta-minus decay, whilst the nucleus emits an electron and an antineutrino in a method that adjustments a neutron to a proton. Radioactive decay — Disintegration of the nucleus of an volatile atom with the aid of using the discharge of radiation. Radioactivity — The method of spontaneous transformation of the nucleus, normally with the emission of alpha or beta debris frequently followed with the aid of using gamma rays.
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The rapid destruction of tropical rain forests may be harmful because
The rapid destruction of tropical rain forests is harmful because it reduces habitats for animals and plants, leading to a decrease in biodiversity.
It can also cause climate change due to reduced carbon absorption and an increase in heat-trapping greenhouse gases, resulting in more extreme weather patterns. The destruction of tropical rain forests is a serious concern, with millions of acres destroyed worldwide each year. This destruction can be attributed to many causes, such as illegal logging, wildfires, over-farming and over-grazing. As a result, essential services and resources provided by the forests, such as clean water and soil health, are diminished. Additionally, the trees themselves can store large amounts of carbon, which is released into the atmosphere when they are burned or cut down. This further contributes to climate change, as carbon dioxide is a major heat-trapping greenhouse gas. Furthermore, deforestation reduces the habitats of many animals, leading to a decrease in biodiversity.
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what properties of carbon make it the central component of organic compounds? select all that apply.
A) Versatility in chemical reactions, B) Ability to form strong covalent bonds, C) Ability to bond with a variety of other elements
Carbon is the central component of organic compounds due to its unique chemical properties. Carbon has four valence electrons, which allows it to form strong covalent bonds with other elements, including hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and more. This versatility in bonding gives carbon the ability to form a wide variety of complex molecular structures, making it the backbone of all known forms of life. Additionally, carbon has a unique ability to bond with a variety of other elements, which gives it the ability to form a diverse range of functional groups that can participate in a wide range of chemical reactions. These properties make carbon the central component of organic compounds, the building blocks of life.
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What chemical bond holds the nitrogenous base pairs together?
Between the two strands of DNA, a hydrogen bond (H-bond) holds the nitrogen bases together.
What is a chemical bond?
An enduring attraction between atoms or ions known as a chemical bond is what allows molecules and crystals to form. The bond may be created by the sharing of electrons in covalent bonds or by the electrostatic attraction of two oppositely charged ions, as in ionic bonds.
The two nitrogenous bases are joined by two hydrogen bonds. One of the hydrogen bonds is created between the oxygen atom of the keto group at C-4 of thymine and one of the amino group's hydrogen atoms at C-6 of adenine. The adenine's nitrogen atom at position 1 and the hydrogen atom connected to N-3 form another bond. DNA's double helix structure depends on the hydrogen bonds between adenine and thymine. They can be broken at high temperatures because they are not particularly strong bonds.
Because the breakage of the two hydrogen bonds between A and T requires less energy than the breakage of the three hydrogen bonds between G and C at G-C rich sites, the beginning of DNA replication and transcription frequently occurs at A-T rich sites.
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how many grams of NaCl would dissolve in water to make a 50 M solution with 500 mL final volume
The mass of NaCl that needs to dissolve in water to make 50 M NaCl solution with a final volume of 500 mL would be 1,462.5 grams
The molarity of a certain solution can be defined as the total number of moles of solute that are present in one liter of the solution. The molarity equation is the relationship between the moles of solute whose molarity is to be calculated and the volume of solvent used to dissolve the specified solute.
M = n ÷ V
Or
M = m ÷ (M × V)
Where:
M = the molality of the solution
n = the number of moles of the solute
V = the volume of solution
m = the molar mass of the solution
M = The molecular weight (NaCl molecular weight = 58.5 g/mol)
Thus, the molar mass of NaCl would be:
M = m : (MV)
50 M = m : (58.5 grams/mol x 0,5 L)
m = 50 x 58.5 x 0.5
m = 1,462.5 grams
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what parts of the modern version of cell theory is shown in this image
The modern version of cell theory shows that cell contain hereditary material which is DNA.
What is DNA?
DNA is a hereditary material which is present in human beings as well as all other living organisms. Every cell which is present in an organism's body has DNA which is the same. Most of the DNA is situated in the cell's nucleus and small amount of it can be found in the cell's mitochondria as well.
Information which is stored in DNA is stored as codes made up of four chemical bases namely, adenine, thymine , cytosine and guanine.Human DNA consists of 3 billion bases .The order of the bases determines information which is required for building and maintaining an organism.
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Write a balanced equation for the following nuclear decay reaction.
The balanced equation for the beta emission decay of iodine-126 is as follows:
Iodine-126 (126I) → Xenon-126 (126Xe) + Beta particle (β-)What is decay process in nuclear reaction?Decay process in nuclear reactions refers to the spontaneous transformation of an unstable nucleus into a more stable one, emitting one or more particles or radiation in the process.
The types of decay include
alpha decay, beta decay, and gamma decay.This process results in a decrease in the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus and a decrease in the total atomic number and mass number of the nucleus.
In the equation, the beta particle is an electron emitted from the nucleus during the decay process.
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Practice: Hydrogen has an atomic mass of 1.01 u. What is the molar mass of these substances?
The molar mass of the substances having hydrogen will have mass of 1.01 u present in them.
What is molar mass?Molar mass of a compound or a molecule is defined as the mass of the elements which are present in it.The molar mass is considered to be a bulk quantity not a molecular quantity. It is often an average of the of the masses at many instances.
The molecular mass and formula mass are used as synonym for the molar mass.It does not depend on the amount of substance which is present in the sample.It has units of gram/mole.
Molar masses of an element are given as relative atomic masses while that of compounds is the sum of relative atomic masses which are present in the compound.
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Which functional group is represented in the diagram below?
Answer: Ketone
Explanation:
calculate the mole fraction of solvent in a solution prepared by dissolving 77.9 g kclo3 in 291. g h2o. the molar mass of kclo3 is 122.55 g/mol and the molar mass of h2o is 18.02 g/mol.
To calculate the mole fraction of the solvent (water) in the solution, we need to first calculate the number of moles of each component in the solution.Here, the mole fraction of the solvent (water) in the solution is approximately 0.963
The number of moles of KClO3 can be calculated as follows:
n(KClO3) = mass ÷ molar mass = 77.9 g ÷ 122.55 g/mol = 0.636 mol
The number of moles of H2O can be calculated as follows:
n(H2O) = mass ÷ molar mass = 291 g ÷ 18.02 g/mol = 16.17 mol
The total number of moles in the solution can be calculated as the sum of moles of KClO3 and H2O:
n(total) = n(KClO3) + n(H2O) = 0.636 mol + 16.17 mol = 16.81 mol
The mole fraction of the solvent (water) can be calculated as follows:
X(H2O) = n(H2O) ÷ n(total) = 16.17 mol ÷ 16.81 mol = 0.963
The mole fraction of the solvent (water) in the solution is approximately 0.963
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what is the percentage by mass of hydrogen (H) in lithium hydroxide (LiOH)
41.7% is the percentage by mass of hydrogen (H) in lithium hydroxide (LiOH). The solution mixture is frequently defined in terms of mass percentage.
What is percentage by mass?The mass percent might be used to denote a degree. Furthermore, it defines the element during a specific mixing. The solution mixture is frequently defined in terms of mass percentage. It represents the amount of solute contained in a mass m of solution.
The quantity of solutes can be stated in terms of mass or moles. We will study the percent by mass formula with numerous solved numerical examples in this post.
Mass percent = (component’s mass ÷ total mass) x 100%
= (1/ 23.95)x 100%
= 41.7%
Therefore, 41.7% is the percentage by mass of hydrogen (H) in lithium hydroxide (LiOH).
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what is the difference between benzoyl peroxide and salicylic acid
The difference between benzoyl peroxide and salicylic acid are mentioned below.
What is salicylic acid?
Depending on the dose form and strength of the preparation, salicylic acid topical is used to treat a variety of skin conditions, including psoriasis, psoriasis of the skin and scalp, calluses, corns, common warts, and plantar warts.
What is the difference between benzoyl peroxide and salicylic acid?
Salicylic acid and benzoyl peroxide differ greatly in how they are used: While benzoyl peroxide truly destroys the bacteria that causes acne, salicylic acid purges whatever is hiding in your pores.
Therefore, difference between benzoyl peroxide and salicylic acid are mentioned above.
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. The reaction of potassium in water is similar to that of sodium in water, but more violent.
Using the ideas of valence electrons, ionization energy and how the ionization energy
changes in groups on the periodic table, explain why this reaction is more violent.
The reaction of potassium in water is similar to that of sodium in water, but more violent because Potassium is a very reactive metal even more than sodium as it is present below the sodium in periodic table.
As we go down the group in the periodic table, size of the elements increases but valence electrons remain same. This leads to decrease in ionization energy and hence electron can easily be removed and metal will be more reactive.
Therefore, The reaction of potassium in water is similar to that of sodium in water, but more violent because Potassium is a very reactive metal.
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what is the proper equipment need to perform both a filtration procedure and heating of a substance in a beaker procedure
the proper equipment need to perform both a filtration procedure and heating of a substance in a beaker procedure are beaker , bunsen burner, filter paper, funnel, safety goggles.
To perform a filtration and heating of a substance in a beaker, the following equipment is typically needed:
Beaker: A beaker is used to hold the substance and is typically made of glass or plastic.
Bunsen Burner: A Bunsen Burner is used to heat the substance in the beaker.
Filter paper: Filter paper is used to filter the substance during the filtration procedure.
Funnel: A funnel is used to pour the substance into the filter paper for filtration.
Hot Plate or Heating Mantel: A hot plate or heating mantle is used to heat the beaker and the substance contained in it.
Stirring Rod: A stirring rod is used to mix the substance in the beaker during heating.
Safety goggles: Safety goggles should be worn to protect the eyes from any splashes or fumes produced during the heating process.
Heat-resistant gloves: Heat-resistant gloves should also be worn to protect the hands from the hot beaker and any splashes of the substance.
It is important to use proper equipment and follow proper safety procedures when performing any laboratory procedures, including filtration and heating of substances.
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what is the mole fraction of i2 in a solution made by dissolving 111 g of i2 in 245 g of hexane, c6h14?
The mole fraction of I₂ in the solution made by dissolving 111 g of I₂ in 245 g of hexane, C₆H₁₄ is 0.134.
What does mole fraction mean?
The number of moles of a solute to the sum of all the moles of the solute and the solvent in a solution is known as the mole fraction. We must first determine the total moles of I2 and hexane in the solution in order to calculate the mole fraction of I2 therein.
Grams to moles can be changed using the molar mass. Hexane has a molar mass of 86.18 g/mol while I2 has a molar mass of 253.8 g/mol.
There are: moles of I2 in the solution.
n_I2=111 g/253.8 g/mol = 0.44 mol
There are: moles of hexane in the mixture.
n_hexane = 245 g/86.18 g/mol
n_total = n_I₂ + n_hexane = 0.44 mol + 2.83 mol = 3.27 mol
Finally, the mole fraction of I₂ in the solution is the ratio of the moles of I₂ to the total mole:
x_I₂ = n_I / n_total = 0.44 mol / 3.27 mol = 0.134
So, the mole fraction of I2 in the solution is 0.134.
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using only polarizing lters (the second element under the polarization section) create a con guration such that the detector only detects 6% of the initial photons. what is the minimum number of polarizing lters required to achieve this?
The minimum number of polarizing filters required to achieve a configuration such that the detector only detects 6% of the initial photons would be two.
Polarizing filters are used to transmit light waves that are polarized in a specific direction and block light waves that are polarized in a perpendicular direction. When two polarizing filters are placed in series, the intensity of the light that passes through both filters is proportional to the product of the transmissions of each filter.
Let's assume that the transmission of each polarizing filter is represented by T. If we want the detector to only detect 6% of the initial photons, we can write the equation as follows:
0.06 = T₁ × T₂
Since T represents the transmission of each polarizing filter, it must be a value between 0 and 1. To minimize the number of polarizing filters required, we want T₁ and T₂ to be as close to 1 as possible. So, we can choose T₁ and T₂ to be equal to 0.2:
0.06 = 0.2 × 0.2
Therefore, the minimum number of polarizing filters required to achieve a configuration such that the detector only detects 6% of the initial photons is two.
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--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is
"Using only polarizing filters (the second element under the polarization section) create a configuration such that the detector only detects 6% of the initial photons. what is the minimum number of polarizing filters required to achieve this?"--
who has primary responsibility for making sure that safety policies are being followed in the lab - you, your ta, or general chemistry prep room staff?4
The primary responsibility for making sure that safety policies are being followed in the lab is by your TA.Students can discover methods employed by scientists in their field and get hands-on experience with course content through labs.
You must evaluate the requirements for the experiment with your supervising professor as a lab TA, create concise explanations, and pose questions to get students thinking. Additionally, it is your duty to guarantee adherence to safety regulations.
When you are directly in charge of 25–30 laboratory students' health and wellbeing, safety is the most crucial concern. You should show correct lab methods over the first few weeks of the quarter, including decanting and mixing liquids, handling glassware, setting up a workspace, utilizing burners, and using additional tools like gloves, goggles, face shields, etc.
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