Which answer best defines what the Lotka-Volterra predator-prey model mathematically describes?-The competition among many predator species for a dingle prey species.-The simultaneous effect of a predator population on a prey population and a prey population on a predator population over time.-The effect of a predator population on a prey population.-The capture efficiency and assimilation rate of a predator, which is dependent on the number of individuals in a prey population.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

The simultaneous effect of a predator population on a prey population and a prey population on a predator population over time.

Explanation:  

The mathematical models of Lotka-Volterra equations explain the existing interaction between species in which prey and predator influence and affect each other. The model follows a few assumptions,    

The ecosystem is isolated and closed. There is no migration. The whole individuals are reproductively equivalent. In the absence of the predator, prey shows an exponential growth rate. The prey is in the ideal environment.  When there is no prey, the predator population decreases exponentially because of the lack of food. The predator environment is ideal, but it is limited by prey density.  The predation rate is proportional to the encounters rate, which also depends on density.  The predators affect the prey populations, inducing its decrease proportionally to the number of prey and predators present.  The prey population also influences the predator population proportionally to the number of encounters between the two species.  

In these equations, the variable D is the number of predators, and P the number of prey items.

The parameters are always constant:  

• r1: prey growth rate.  

• a1: predator hunting success.  

• r2: predator growth rate.  

• a2: the success of the predator in hunting and feeding.

In nature, many factors affect interactions, such as dense-dependent factors and dense-independent factors. Also, in reality, there are stochastic factors. Stochasticity refers to the variability in the system involving those factors that are affecting or influencing population growth. Stochasticity might be related to good years and bad years for population growth.

In real situations, the compliance of the whole assumption does not occur. The previously mentioned constants might vary, constantly changing the interaction between the predator and the prey. These parameters change in different degrees, resulting in varying circumstances for both species.


Related Questions

If you are interested in the evolutionary relationship of animals that have four limbs, which of the following would be the outgroup? Group of answer choices Sharks Ray-Finned Fish Amphibians Crocodiles Dinosaurs

Answers

Answer:

First outgroup → Ray-Finned FishesSecond outgroup → Sharks

Explanation:

The outgroup is the most distant taxonomic group that shares no traits or characters with the lineages of interest, which compose the ingroup. You can compare the outgroup with the ingroup to determine the evolutive relationship and which characters are primitive or derived.    

Even though the outgroup shares a common ancestor with the ingroup, this is placed far away in evolution, making the outgroup to be the taxonomic group less related to the other lineages. The lineages in the ingroup share another common ancestor that is more recent in history.

To select the outgroup, you need to focus on what you are interested in. There might be several outgroups, but you should choose the one that is more related or closer to the ingroups. This selection is important because you need to make comparisons to understand the evolution of specific traits.  

In the exposed example, we need to focus on animals that have four limbs. Then, we might assume that the ingroup is composed of Amphibians Crocodiles Dinosaurs. Sharks and Ray-Finned Fish do not have four limbs, so they might be considered outgroups.

From these two outgroups, sharks have a cartilaginous skeleton, while Ray-Finned Fishes have a bony skeleton. This fact makes ray-finned fishes more related to the ingroup than the sharks. So,

First outgroup → Ray-Finned FishesSecond outgroup → Sharks

A 70-year-old male presents with back pain, fever, and weight loss. He reports that he had a recent respiratory infection from which he thought he recovered. Tests revealed increased white blood cell count, and a diagnosis of endogenous osteomyelitis was made. The primary organism causing this condition is

Answers

Answer:

This question lacks options, options are:

a.Fatigue fracture

b.Stress fracture

c.Pathologic fracture

d.Greenstick fracture.  

The correct answer is c.

Explanation:

A pathological fracture is one produced in a weakened bone as a result of trauma that would not cause such an effect on bones that had their composition, resistance or flexibility properties at the correct levels, that is, a pathological fracture is any loss of bone continuity that occurs in a weakened bone, secondary this weakness to the development of a disease. Endogenous osteomyelitis is a blood-borne bacterial infection that spreads to the bone.

Which of the following occurs while
homologous chromosomes are paired
up?
A. They create 2 haploid cells.
B. They contain 6 chromatids.
C. They exchange portions of their DNA.
D. They produce two diploid cells.

Answers

Answer:

the answer is d hipe it Helios have a nice day

HELP!!!! The diagram below shows a portion of the water cycle. What does Y most likely represent

Answers

Answer:

Y most likely represents springs.

What are substances needed for photosynthesis and what are substances are produced during photosynthesis

Answers

Answer:

light

Explanation:

Light is the bedrock of photosynthesis the light here is from the sun.

Chlorophyll

carbon dioxide

water

Now the substances produced during photosynthesis are; ATP( Energy),sugar,oxygen.

Answer: The substances needed are Light and carbon dyoxide

Explanation: The plants take in carbon dyoxide, and emit oxygen for animals and humans, and the plant take in light.

Pls help me pls this is due today

Answers

protein

Explanation:

beacause its ah. cd

Inside a skeletal muscle cell, a set of small cylinders called _______ are assembled into larger cylinders called _______.

Answers

Answer:

Myofibrils

Intercalated disc

Explanation:

Myofibrils in a skeletal muscle cell are a set of cylinders which are repeated form of sacromeres.

Intercalated discs are assembled into larger cylinders and are involved in cell to cell communications, they link cells to get her and transmit electrical impulses within the sacrolemma

Groundwater Pollution
For Questions 17-21 write True if the statement is true. If the statement is false, replace
the underlined word or words to make the statement true. Write your changes on the
line.
17. Groundwater pollution is easy to monitor and clean up.
18. Groundwater pollution as a result of human activity is widespread.
19. Pollutants leach through soil and seep into storage tanks
20. It can take decades for groundwater to get rid of its contaminants.
21. Most efforts to reduce groundwater pollution focus on prevention

Answers

Answer:

false, false, true, false, true

Explanation:

I don’t know the answer

Answers

Answer:

found this diagram

Explanation:

:)

What is one way a mountain might form?
A. Ocean wave force
B. Gravitational pull
C. Glacier movement
D. Volcanic activity
(A p e x)

Answers

Answer:

D.) Volcanic Activity

Explanation:

B is the answer i think

how would you relate the new pandemic (C0vID 19) in the imbalance of ecosystem due to biodiversity loss?

Random Answer = Report

Correct Answer = Brainliest​

Answers

Answer:

Due to no controlling agent for harmful microbes that causes new pandemic.

Explanation:

The new pandemic leads to imbalance of ecosystem due to biodiversity loss because the absence of antimicrobial agent causes the pandemic. The antimicrobial agent is responsible for the control of harmful microorganism so due to disturbance in the ecosystem, the biodiversity losses occurs and there is no organism which stop or control the population of the harmful organism that causes new pandemic.

MCQ ...help me........​It's a last question

Answers

It would be C !!!!!!!

When amino acids are degraded for energy or glucose production, their amine groups are incorporated by the liver into ____.

Answers

Answer:

The correct answer is - urea.

Explanation:

In our body, to produce energy or produce glucose our body breaks the amino acids, it gets from proteins mainly. These amino acids are mainly breakdown into amine groups.

The human body has a unique ability to pack ammonia(amine group) by converting it to urea and incorporated and produced by the liver using 2 molecules of ammonia (NH3) and 1 molecule of carbon dioxide (CO2).  This incorporated urea is then secreted from the liver and incorporated into the urine in the kidney for further process.

Which of the following characteristics must an object possess in order to be considered alive? Select all that apply

Answers

Explanation:

responds to the environment.

It grows and develops.

It produces offspring.

It maintains homeostasis.

It has complex chemistry.

It consists of cells.

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how to get remove black tartar from teeth.please help thank you​

Answers

Answer:

1. Brush regularly

2. Electronic or powdered toothbrushes may get rid of it

3. Rinse daily

4. Don't smoke

Explanation:

Hope this helps!

Brush your teeth regularly 2 times a day .
Avoid electric brush

What is the purpose of using a Punnett square in studying genetics?

A. to determine the probability of an offspring to breed with another of the same phenotype
B. to determine the exact number of offspring having a particular genotype
C. to determine the probability of an offspring having a particular phenotype

D.to determine the probability of an offspring having a particular genotype

Answers

D. To determine the probability of an offspring having a particular genotype

The purpose of using a Punnett square in studying genetics is to determine the probability of an offspring having a particular genotype. Thus, the correct option for this question is D.

What is Punnett square?

Punnett square may be defined as a type of table in which all of the possible outcomes for a genetic cross between two individuals with known genotypes are determined. It is named after Reginald C. Punnett, who proposed this approach in 1905.

In genetics, Punnett square is extremely utilized in order to predict the possible outcomes of two unknown genotypes. With the help of these genotypes, phenotypes of a specific set of alleles are also determined. The important concept of Punnett square is that it always determines the probability, not the exact number.

Therefore, to determine the probability of an offspring having a particular genotype is the purpose of using a Punnett square in studying genetics. Thus, the correct option for this question is D.

To learn more about Punnett square, refer to the link:

https://brainly.com/question/3522181

#SPJ2

which of the following is a biotic factor
A)light intensity
B) food supply
C) pollution
D) temperature ​

Answers

Answer:

B) food supply.

Explanation:

The answer is B

can someone help me complete the unfinished DNA strands please?

Answers

Answer:

it is T G C A T

Explanation:

as in DNA adenine pairs with thymine and cytosine with guanine. You can also remember it as Apple Tree and Car Garage

I need help with any question, thanks.

Answers

I can help!let me know if you need any FREE tutoring I teach grades 6-12!!

list any 10 common good honey flora.​

Answers

Answer:

spring vegetation. such as hazel snow drops,primroses,saffron willow,hellsbore,Heather, wild cherry,dandelion,fruit tree,

Explanation:

under the classification

There are sixty-one mRNA codons that specify an amino acid, but only forty-five tRNAs. This is best explained by the fact that

Answers

Answer:

See the answer below

Explanation:

The phenomenon is best explained by the fact that the genetic codes are degenerates. In other words, more than one codon can specify for the same amino acid being carried by the tRNA.

The base-pairing rule between the third nucleotide of a codon and that of the anticodon on the tRNAs loosens off. For example, GUU, GUC, and GUA all specify for the amino acid valine while GCU, GCC, and GCA all specify for alanine.

Discuss the impact of development planning for economic development for a development country like Pakistan under what circumstances a country should go for short term medium term and long term plan (it is a economics question)

Answers

Answer:

Great impact.

Explanation:

There is a great impact of development planning for economic development for a country because this development planning is important for the growth of economy of the country. Without planning, goals of better economy can not be accomplished. A country should go for short term plan in order to solve the economic problem at that time while on the other hand, medium and long term plan is used by the country in order to solve the economic problem completely.

A diagram shows a potato producing new tubers. Buds on the parent plant grow into stems that grow downwards called stolons. The end of each stolon develop in to new tuber.

1) Give two pieces of evidence which show that this is an asexual method of reproduction.

2) Explain why all the new tubers will be genetically identical.

Answers

Answer:

See the answer below

Explanation:

Evidence that shows that the illustration is an asexual method of reproduction:

1. New tubers were produced without any signs of flowering or fertilization

2. Parent plant was produced from a vegetative part ( a tuber).

All the new tubers would be genetically identical because they were produced without fertilization. They all developed from the division of some of the vegetative cells (mitosis) of the parent plant. Hence, they are not only genetically identical with themselves but also with the  old tuber that produced the parent plant.

Given their size and complexity, biological molecules such as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids can also be referred to as ____________.

Answers

Answer:

This question lacks options, the options are;

A. Enlarged molecules

B. Macromolecules

C. Inorganic molecules

The answer is B

Explanation:

As mentioned in this question, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids are the basic biomolecules found in nature. They are all polymeric substances, hence, are made up of smaller units called monomers.

Asides from being biomolecules, these four molecules are also referred to as MACROMOLECULES based on their large size and complex nature. Macromolecules are molecules that are relatively large in size composing of an aggregate of monomer. Hence, these biomolecules are macromolecules.

Define Peripheral Nervous System.

Answers

Answer:

The peripheral nervous system is one of two components that make up the nervous system of bilateral animals, with the other part being the central nervous system.

Explanation:

ANATOMY

the nervous system outside the brain and spinal cord.

Samantha is being seen today because at approximately 10 a.m. today she experienced a sudden hearing loss in her right ear. Examination of the ear is negative for any foreign objects; however, she is not hearing out of that ear. She is being sent for an ENT consultation. Assessment: sudden idiopathic hearing loss. The code(s) for this care is/are ________ .a. H91.8x1b. H90.0, H91.21c. H91.91d. H91.21

Answers

Answer:

d. H91.21

Explanation:

H91.21 is the code hosted by the ICD-10-CM to report a sudden idiopathic hearing loss diagnosis, which is what happened to Samantha, as shown in the question above. The ICD-10-CM is a code standard used to harmonize communication among healthcare professionals in North America. It was created from the modification of the ICD-10, featuring minor codes and including new codes. These codes are used to present any type of medical procedure or diagnostic. The goal is to streamline communication between health professionals and create standardization between different regions within and outside the country.

which of the following is not a feature of natural selection?

Answers

Answer:

naturally living organisms

What are practical applications of genetic engineering?

Answers

Answer:

Medicine, agriculture, animals, and even human mutations ;o

Explanation: Nothing much to explain.

Sejak bilakah mereka berkawan?​

Answers

What does this mean?

The diagram below shows a portion of the water cycle. The diagram shows the text 'Surface water' in a rectangular box, below it the text 'Groundwater' is in another rectangular box. In between the two boxes the text 'Infiltration' is beside an arrow point down, and the letter 'Y' is beside an arrow pointing up. What does Y most likely represent? well river ocean springs

Answers

Answer:

y most likely represents springs

Answer: Y represents springs

Explanation: This was on my test

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