Ribosomes are the ribonucleoprotein units in charge of protein synthesis and read messenger RNA to convert it into a polypeptide chain. They contain three binding sites for tRNA molecules: A, P, and E. When translation is finished, the newly created protein is released.
What is ribosomes?Ribosomes are protein- and ribosomal RNA-containing tiny cellular organelles (rRNA). They are in charge of generating proteins from messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules. Ribosomes are found in both bacterial and eukaryotic cells and are required for cell activity.
The ribosomes—ribonucleoprotein units that are responsible for protein synthesis—are where translation takes place. The messenger RNA (mRNA) is read by the ribosomes during translation and translated into a series of amino acids that form a polypeptide chain. The three tRNA binding sites on the ribosomes are designated as follows: the A site, which receives incoming aminoacyl-tRNA; the P site, which receives the developing polypeptide chain; and the E site, which receives the deacylated tRNA after it has been used. When the ribosomes advance along the mRNA molecule, they read the codons and add the proper amino acids to the polypeptide chain. At successful completion of translation, the newly created protein is also released by the ribosomes.
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pointing the toes downward is called: group of answer choices extension. depression. dorsiflexion. plantar flexion.
Pointing the toes downward is called Dorsiflexion and plantar flexion
The deep peroneal nerve supplies these tendons, which are found on the front of the leg. A person may not be able to elevate their foot if this nerve is damaged.
In contrast to dorsiflexion, plantar flexion entails moving the foot downward and toward the ground.
The foot flexes between 20 and 50 degrees downward to produce plantar flexion.
The muscles that induce plantar flexion are found on the inside of the leg and on the rear (posterior) of the leg. They enter the back of the foot through the ankle joint. These comprise the long gastrocnemius soleus and the posterior flexor digitorum of the tibia
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Students investigated the pitch of sound. They took two metal bowls of the same size. They filled half of one bowl and three-fourths of the second bowl with water. Using a wooden stick, they struck the edges of the bowls gently and sequentially. What is the difference in the pitch of the sound produced in both the bowls? Give reasons for your answers.
A sound wave, like any other wave, is introduced into a medium by a vibrating object. The vibrating object is the source of the disturbance that moves through the medium.
What is Pitch of sound?The vibrating object that creates the disturbance could be the vocal cords of a person, the vibrating string and sound board of a guitar or violin, the vibrating tines of a tuning fork, or the vibrating diaphragm of a radio speaker.
Regardless of what vibrating object is creating the sound wave, the particles of the medium through which the sound moves is vibrating in a back and forth motion at a given frequency.
The frequency of a wave refers to how often the particles of the medium vibrate when a wave passes through the medium. The frequency of a wave is measured as the number of complete back-and-forth vibrations of a particle of the medium per unit of time.
Therefore, A sound wave, like any other wave, is introduced into a medium by a vibrating object. The vibrating object is the source of the disturbance that moves through the medium.
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the site where most of the atp is generated in a cell is the a. nucleus b. plasma membrane c. endoplasmic reticulum d. golgi apparatus e. mitochondria
The site where most of the ATP is generated in a cell is the mitochondria.
The mitochondria are known as the "powerhouses" of the cell because they are the primary site of cellular respiration, a metabolic process that generates ATP. During cellular respiration, glucose and oxygen are oxidized to produce energy in the form of ATP.
The process of ATP production in the mitochondria is called oxidative phosphorylation, which involves the transfer of electrons along an electron transport chain, coupled with the pumping of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, generating a proton gradient. This proton gradient drives the movement of protons back across the membrane, which in turn powers the ATP synthase complex to produce ATP.
ATP is an important molecule in the cell, as it serves as the main source of energy for cellular processes such as muscle contraction, active transport, and protein synthesis. The high concentration of ATP produced by the mitochondria helps to sustain the energy needs of the cell.
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How do you identify the family each shark belongs?
Sharks are members of the class Chondrichthyes' superorder Selachimorpha and subclass Elasmobranchii. Skates and rays are also members of the Elasmobranchii, while chimeras are members of the Chondrichthyes.
In the science of taxonomy, species are categorized and given names. It serves as the foundation for our knowledge of sharks and is essential to the protection of biodiversity. In order to comprehend each species' function within the ecosystem, it is essential to grasp who they are and how they are linked.
Sharks are members of the Animalia kingdom. Sharks are classified as members of the Phylum Chordata and Subphylum Vertebrata. This indicates that they have a backbone, notochord, and spinal cord. Chondrichthyes is the class that includes sharks.
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Select all the offspring phenotypes that could be
produced from a BbEE x bibee cross (shown
above)
black fur, red eyes
black fur, black eyes
white fur, black eyes
white fur, red eyes
Based on the cross, the possible phenotypes are:Black fur, red eyesWhite fur, red eyes
Answer:
Black fur, black eyes, white fur black eyes.
Explanation:
Why must you follow directions when applying fertilizer?
Answer:
Fertilizer isn't a problem if it's used carefully. If you use too much fertilizer or apply it at the wrong time, it can easily wash off your lawn or garden into storm drains and then flow untreated into lakes or streams.
Explanation:
if we ran single stranded dna fragments in a lane of our gel, would be able to see it with the help of uv light?
Answer: no
Explanation: DNA is to small
7. A child who can roll their tongue (curl it) inherited an allele for tongue curling gene from both parents. What is the child's genotype for tongue curling?
homozygous
heterozygous
It's a homozygous recessive gene, I assume.
What functional groups are in glucose?
Aldehyde, alcohol and hemiacetal are the functional groups in glucose.
Aldehyde, alcohol, and hemiacetal groups are found in glucose. Both straight-chain and other cyclic forms of glucose are known to exist. Aldehyde group is the functional group at C-1 in the straight-chain form. Alcohol groups make up the functional groups on C-2 to C-6. Hemiacetal group is the functional group on C-1 in the cyclic form.
One of the carbohydrates referred to as simple sugars is glucose, commonly known as dextrose (monosaccharides). The chemical formula for glucose is C6H12O6, which means "sweet" in Greek. It is the main free sugar present in higher animals' blood and can be found in fruits and honey. It is the source of energy for cellular activity, hence controlling its metabolism is crucial.
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thinking about the minimum parental investment necessary for a biological offspring to survive, as an explanation of sex differences in mating strategies, is an example of:
This is an example of the concept of parental investment, which is an evolutionary theory that states that parents will invest more resources into their offspring when there is a greater chance of the offspring's survival and reproductive success.
Parental investment theory is also used to explain the differences in mating strategies between the sexes, as males are more likely to invest less in their offspring than females due to the lower costs associated with reproducing.
A biological offspring is an individual that is biologically related to its parents through the transmission of genetic material. This typically involves a process of sexual reproduction, in which two individuals (usually of different sexes) combine their genetic material to create a new organism that contains elements from both parents.
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the central nervous system is comprised of . a. the somatic and autonomic divisions b. the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions c. your brain and spinal cord d. your body's organs and glands
The central nervous system (CNS) is comprised of the brain and spinal cord.
The brain is the most complex part of the CNS, and it is responsible for controlling and coordinating all the body's functions, from sensory processing and motor control to emotion, thought, and memory. The spinal cord is a long, thin column of nerve tissue that runs from the brain down the center of the back. It acts as a relay center for signals between the brain and the peripheral nervous system, which includes all the nerves that branch off the spinal cord and extend to other parts of the body.
Together, the brain and spinal cord make up the central nervous system and play a crucial role in regulating and coordinating the body's functions and responses to the environment. The CNS is protected by the skull and vertebral column, and it is surrounded by cerebrospinal fluid, which helps to cushion and protect the delicate nerve tissue. Any damage to the CNS can have serious consequences, so it is important to protect it from injury and disease.
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according to the endosymbiosis theory, what are the origins of the inner and outer membranes of mitochondria?
Both the inner and outer membranes are derived from the host cell that engulfed the bacterium.
The dominant evolutionary explanation for the formation of eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic creatures is symbiogenesis, often known as endosymbiotic theory or serial endosymbiotic theory.
The idea proposes that eukaryotic cells' mitochondria, plastids like chloroplasts, and perhaps other organelles are descended from prokaryotes that were formerly free-living and more closely related to bacteria than archaea. While chloroplasts are believed to be connected to cyanobacteria, mitochondria appear to be phylogenetically related to Rickettsiales bacteria.
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Which human populations have the highest levels of genetic variation?
The human population which have the highest levels of genetic variation is referred to as Africans.
What is Genetic variation?This is referred to as the difference in DNA among individuals or the differences between populations and the sources of genetic variation include mutation and genetic recombination.
Nearly all genetic studies indicate greater diversity in African populations which is consistent with an African origin of modern humans and is also due to Africans being the most genetically diverse people in the world.
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What is the order of an E2 reaction chegg?
E2 reaction is a second-order reaction.
In general , the E2 mechanism is the process of a bimolecular elimination that is mostly a one-step mechanism. But here the carbon -hydrogen and carbon-halogen bonds usually break out and results in the formation of a new double bond. While inside the E2 mechanism, the base that is present is the part of the rate-determining step and plays a huge impact on the mechanism.
Hence in E2 reaction both the substrate and the base takes active part in the single-step mechanism, so E2 is the second order reaction.
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Uhh i need some help with this science assignment is due tomorrow..
1. The curves line which exhibits exponential growth is yellow line.
2. The two curves line which exhibits a carrying capacity is green line.
3. 1000 individuals is the carrying capacity of this graph.
4. In 23rd generation which this population reach its carrying capacity.
About CurveThe curve above shows a exponential growth as yellow line.
Exponential growth is a condition/event that experiences an exponential increase or increase in each period.
Exponential growth is expressed as follows:
Pn = P0 ( 1 + i )ⁿ
Information :
Pn = condition of the object during the eke-n period
P0 = initial condition of the object
i = growth percentage
n = period
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Dave Duerson, the football player discussed in the opening vignette as well as later
in the chapter, suffered from another type of brain injury, chronic traumatic
encephalopathy or CTE. While some recovery often occurs after a stroke, depending
on the extent of the damage, there is little hope of recovery with CTE. CTE tends to
result from repeated head trauma.
Why is there such a poor prospect for recovery from CTE?
A.CTE tends to affect a very small area of the brain, but that area tends to be
totally destroyed.
B.The damage tends to be extensive and it often triggers a continuing disease
process in the brain.
C.The brains of adults in this age range are less plastic than the brains of older
people who are more likely to experience a stroke.
D.The particular part of the brain that tends to be affected is less likely to recover.
The damage tends to be extensive and it often triggers a continuing disease process in the brain.
What is the brain?
The brain is a very sophisticated organ that governs every bodily function, including thoughts, memory, emotion, motor skills, respiration, temperature, and hunger.The central nervous system, sometimes known as the CNS, is made up of the spinal cord and brain together.In a typical adult, the brain weighs roughly 3 pounds and contains 60% fat.Salts, water, protein, and carbs make up the remaining 40% of the body.A muscle is not the brain itself.Along with nerves, blood arteries, and glial cells, it also has neurons.To know more about the brain, click the link given below:
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when studying population growth curves with a spectrophotometer, why is it unlikely that you will see the typical steep decrease of the curve during the death phase?
The spectrophotometer measures turbidity of the tube, that is encouraged via way of means of each dwelling and lifeless cells.
The unique pattern is diluted via way of means of streaking it over successive quadrants, the quantity of organisms decreases. Device for detecting and reading wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation, normally used for molecular spectroscopy; greater broadly, any of diverse units wherein an emission (as of electromagnetic radiation or particles) is unfold out in step with a few property (as strength or mass) right into a spectrum . A spectrometer is a systematic device used to research the mild residences of a luminous item or meditated mild.
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Describe why woxygen to the is it body cells important For blood to transport
Answer:
When the red blood cells reach tissues that need oxygen, the oxygen is released from the haemoglobin and diffuses into the cells where it is used to make energy. All the systems in our body rely on oxygen to make energy.
Explanation:
which observation should the scientists see as most promising for developing a testable hypothesis that helps determine the connection between organic farming and biodiversity?
The observation that stands out as the most promising for developing a testable hypothesis is the observation that organic farming operations support a greater variety of species than conventional farming operations.
What is hypothesis?Hypothesis is an educated guess or prediction about the outcome of a scientific experiment or study. It is a statement that can be tested and verified through scientific research. A hypothesis is a tool used by scientists to organize and focus their research. It gives direction and structure to the research process, allowing the scientist to narrow their focus and avoid collecting unnecessary data.
This observation can be used to develop a hypothesis that organic farming supports higher biodiversity than conventional farming, and then this hypothesis can be tested by comparing biodiversity levels in organic and conventional farming operations.
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Celery stalks that are immersed in fresh water for several hours become stiff. Similar stalks left in a 0. 15 M salt solution become limp. From this we can deduce that the fresh water_____.
a. And the salt solution are both hypertonic to the cells of the celery stalks is hypotonic
b. And the salt solution is hypertonic to the cells of the celery stalks is isotonic
c. And the salt solution is hypertonic to the cells of the celery stalks is hypertonic
d. And the salt solution is hypotonic to the cells of the celery stalks
Celery stalks become stuff when immersed in freshwater but become limp in salt water because the salt solution is hypotonic to the cells of celery stalks. The correct option is Option D.
This condition occurs due to osmosis. Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from a solution with a high concentration of water molecules to a solution with a lower concentration of water molecules, through a cell's partially permeable membrane. In salt solution, there is a higher concentration of solutes in the solution than in the cells of celery stalks. So it creates a hypotonic environment and the water moves out of the celery stalks hence it becomes limp. But in freshwater solution, water enters the cell and fills the spaces between the cells. So, the celery stalks become stiff when immersed in fresh water.
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why is a flower of pumpkin incomplete?
Answer:
each flower is lacking either the male or female structure
Answer: The reason is because each flower is lacking either the male or female structure
Explanation:
Which front brings several days of steady rain or snow into an area
A cold front is a front that provides a region many days of steady rain or snow.
In a noticeable surface trough of low pressure, a cold front is the leading edge of a cooler mass of air at ground level that replaces a warmer body of air. It frequently develops near the leading edge of an extratropical cyclone's cold air advection pattern, also referred to as the cyclone's dry "conveyor belt" flow, which is to the west in the Northern Hemisphere and to the east in the Southern Hemisphere. Temperatures on either side of the barrier can vary by more than 30 °C (54 °F). Rain can fall along the boundary if there is enough moisture in the air. A thin line of thunderstorms may develop along the frontal zone if there is substantial instability along the boundary.
A large rain shield may creep in behind the front if instability is insufficient, and the rain's evaporative cooling may enhance the temperature difference across the front. The transitional seasons of the fall and spring are when cold fronts are strongest, and the summer is when they are weakest. When a mass of air that is somewhat colder travels into an area of warmer air, it forms a cold front. The colder, drier air elevates the warmer, moister air at the surface by creating a steeply sloping boundary beneath it. When there is adequate moisture available, this frequently results in cloud formations with a strong vertical development that may seem as a line of showers and thunderstorms.
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All of the following describe transport proteins EXCEPT
Group of answer choices
they are very specific in the type of molecule they transfer.
they are embedded in the cell membrane.
they allow large molecules to pass across the cell membrane.
they help small hydrophobic molecules to pass across the cell membrane.
there are hundreds of types in the human body.
The cell membrane contains transport proteins that enable the selective transit of particular molecules from the surrounding environment. Every transport protein is particular to a certain type of molecule.
Which three transporter proteins are there?Transport proteins that participate in assisted diffusion include channel proteins, gating carrier proteins, and carrier proteins. An example of a transport protein is a channel protein, which functions as a pore inside the membrane to allow water molecules or tiny ions to pass through fast.
What kinds of transporters are there?ABC transporters, P-type ATPases, and the solute carrier family are the three primary families of membrane transporters (SLC). Primary active transporters known as ABC transporters move a variety of substrates, primarily to the exterior of a cell membrane and organelle.
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one characteristic that taxonomists use to distinguish protists from fungi is the presence of a nucleus. true or false?
Answer:
False.
Explanation:
Both protists and fungi are eukaryotic organisms, which means they have a true nucleus. Therefore, the presence of a nucleus cannot be used to distinguish between protists and fungi. Other characteristics such as cell structure, mode of nutrition, and reproduction are used to differentiate between these groups.
krystyna investigated how a person's pulse rate changes when they exercise. She tested four of her friends. Belinda and Jasmina do a lot of sport. Jade and Mara prefer reading books and playing computer games. Krystyna measured the four girls pulse rates, in beats per minute, when they were relaxing .then she asked them to run up two flights of stairs , and measured their pulse again
From her investigation, Krystyna concluded that the level of physical activity a person engages in has a significant effect on their pulse rate.
What were the results of the investigation?After comparing the results, Krystyna found that the pulse rates of Belinda and Jasmina increased significantly when they ran up the two flights of stairs, which indicated that exercise had a strong impact on their heart rate. On the other hand, Jade and Mara's pulse rates only increased slightly, which indicated that exercise had a much lesser impact on their heart rate.
From her investigation, Krystyna concluded that the level of physical activity a person engages in has a significant effect on their pulse rate. Those who exercise regularly tend to have a more rapid increase in pulse rate when they engage in physical activity, whereas those who are less physically active tend to have a more modest increase in pulse rate. These results suggest that regular exercise can help to improve cardiovascular health and increase the body's ability to respond to physical activity.
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Describe the ecosystem. Is this a grassland? A forest? A desert?
Record abiotic factors you see in the ecosystem such as water, nutrients, rocks, and sun.
Document and describe the different types of plants, mushrooms, and animals that you see. Take pictures.
Measure a square 10 meters by 10 meters, and mark it off with the rope or cones. Describe every plant and animal species you encounter in the 100 square meters and count the number of individuals. If you are describing grass or some other extensive groundcover, estimate how much square footage it covers.
Use a dichotomous key to identify as many different plants as possible. You may need to take pictures and then use an online key later.
Answer:
An ecosystem is a community of living and non-living things that interact in a specific environment
Explanation:
It can include forests, grasslands, deserts, wetlands, etc. Abiotic factors include water, nutrients, rocks, sun, temperature, etc. Living components include plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms. To understand an ecosystem, consider both its physical and biological components and their interactions.
Which of the following is NOT true regarding allergens?
Poultry food is not considered a major food allergen among the top eight
Which of the following is not an allergen?Food Allergen Labeling and user Protection Act of 2004 law identifies eight foods as major food allergens: milk, eggs, fish, shellfish, tree nuts, peanuts, wheat, and soybean. the convention passed the Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act of 2004 (FALCPA). This law recognized eight foods as major food allergens: milk, eggs, fish, Crustacean shellfish, tree nuts, peanuts, wheat, and soybeans.
More than 170 foods have been announced to cause allergic reactions, according to Food Allergy Research & Education. but the vast most are caused by the “Big Nine”: milk, eggs, nuts, fish, crustaceans, shellfish, wheat, soy, and sesame.
So we can conclude that The following foods are contemplated to have a low potential for causing allergies:
Meat: Lamb, chicken.
Vegetables: Rice, sweet potato, carrots, rhubarb, and asparagus.
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why is high magnification not enough to give biological details of cells?
Microscopes allow us to see the microscopic world. While high magnification is useful for observing the overall shape and structure of a cell, it is not sufficient to reveal all the details of a cell. To see smaller structures and subcellular details, higher resolution microscopes are necessary. Therefore, understanding the limitations of microscopes and choosing the appropriate tool for the job is crucial in the study of biology.
When we observe a biological specimen through a microscope, the amount of information we can gather depends on the resolution of the microscope. Resolution is the ability of a microscope to distinguish two closely spaced structures as separate entities. In other words, it determines how much detail we can see in an image.
At high magnifications, we can see the overall shape and structure of the cell, but to see more details, we need a microscope with higher resolution. This is because many biological details of cells, such as the different organelles and subcellular structures, are too small to be resolved with a low-resolution microscope, even at high magnifications.
To achieve higher resolution, we need to use microscopes that utilize specific techniques such as electron microscopy or super-resolution microscopy. These techniques allow us to see smaller structures and details within a cell that are not visible with a conventional light microscope.
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a genetic switch turns on graying hair in response to . a genetic switch turns on graying hair in response to .
Male pattern baldness has a genetic switch that turns on in response to male hormones.
The correct option is option D.
Male pattern baldness is basically the most common type of hair loss which is observed in men. Male pattern baldness is basically related to the genes as well as the male sex hormones. Baldness usually follows a certain pattern of receding hairline as well as the hair thinning on the crown.
Male pattern baldness is found to be associated with male sex hormones which are known as androgens. The androgens perform many functions, one of which is regulating hair growth. Every hair strand present on our head has a growth cycle. In the case of male pattern baldness, this growth cycle of the hair gets weakened and the hair follicle shrinks and ends up producing shorter and finer strands of hair. This growth cycle for each hair eventually ends and no new hair then grows in its place.
--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is
"Male pattern baldness has a genetic switch that turns on in response to ________.
A) age
B) size
C) weight
D) male hormones"--
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before traveling to the rest of the body, all absorbed nutrients or toxins must pass through the .
All ingested substances, whether nutrients or poisons, must pass through the liver before reaching the rest of the body.
Describe the liver.The liver is a gland and an organ in the human body. Its size is comparable to a football and it is spongy, wedge-shaped, reddish-brown in hue, and Depending on your height and weight, the size will change. The liver is a vital organ that serves hundreds of vital tasks for maintaining life.
Because it produces proteins and hormones that are required by other bodily components, it is also a gland. The liver is the largest internal organ in an adult, weighing on average three pounds. The liver is often found on the right side of the body, beneath the ribcage. The liver is on the left side in a condition known as situs inversus.
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