After the question of the state law has been answered by the state court, it is then reviewed by the federal court, before finally being passed as a decision.
A state law may be taken into real assumption as the legal provision that is available only in the jurisdiction of the respective state that desires to include it into its constituency. However, even if the state laws are restricted to their individual states, only the approval from federal courts is the prerequisite for making a final decision on the state laws.
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Which form of political participation did Congress suppress restrict with the Alien and Sedition Acts?
The Alien and Sedition Acts, which were passed by the United States Congress in 1798, restricted the freedom of speech and the press.
The Alien and Sedition Acts, approved by the United States Congress in 1798, limited freedom of expression and the press. The Sedition Act, in instance, made "false, scandalous, and malicious writing" against the government or its officers a crime, and was used to prosecute those who attacked the Federalist Party or its policies. As a result, the Alien and Sedition Acts curtailed and limited political engagement that included criticizing the government and its acts, especially through the press.
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what is the primary purpose of the filibuster power in the united states senate?
The primary purpose or the intention of the filibuster powers in the United States' Senate is to restrict the vote on a measure to be taken in the United States Legislative Assembly.
The filibuster power can be referred to or considered as the powers granted to each and every senate in the United States Legislative Assembly, wherein they can put a never-ending debate on a topic, and allow a majority to block from voting for a measure or a decision, or at least threaten from doing the same in its essence.
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Which clause states that the federal laws have greater weight than state laws?
The supremacy clause states that the federal laws have greater weight than state laws.
The Supremacy Clause is present is Article VI, Paragraph 2 of the U.S. Constitution. It declares that federal law, including the constitution, supersedes state legislation and even state constitutions.
States are forbidden from interfering with how the federal government exercises its constitutional authority or from taking on any duties that belong solely to the federal government.
However, it does not give the federal government the ability to examine or veto state legislation prior to their implementation.
The Supremacy Clause solely concerns the legal status of the laws that other provisions of the Constitution grant Congress the authority to enact, as well as the legal status of treaties and the Constitution itself.
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The directors and officers of Sports Color, Inc., vote to refuse to declare a dividend. The shareholders can:a. overrule the directors and vote to declare a dividend themselves.b. file an action to require the directors to declare a dividend.c. return treasury shares in exchange for a dividend.d. demand that a court declare a dividend.
In the above situation, it can be seen that the shareholders can file an action that would require the directors to make the declaration of a dividend, in case they refuse to declare a dividend. Therefore, the option B holds true.
A dividend may be considered as the part of return that the shareholders get as a part of their faith and investment shown in the company over a regular course of business operations of the companies. The declaration of dividend lies in the hands of the directors, however, the shareholders also have powers because of the ownership that they hold in that company.
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which clause states that the federal laws have greater weight than state laws?
The clause that states that the federal laws have greater weight than state laws is the Supremacy Clause. This clause is the Constitution's one of the most significant structural provision.
This clause states that the Constitution shall be the supreme law of the United States of America and shall supersede any statute, state laws or regulations when there is a conflict between the two.
However, if any law says that the State must comply with it and that no other law be it federal laws cannot supersede them then that law must be complied with as it says. Till this day, the Supreme Court relies heftily on this clause in deciding cases with conflict.
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What is definition enclosure movement
what major difficulty prevented legislators from rewriting elections laws to account for covid-19 and the 2020 presidential election?
Political division among lawmakers, who had different opinions on how much election law revision was necessary to address COVID-19 concerns, was one significant challenge. Moreover, legal "rewriting
Rewriting election rules to take COVID-19 and the 2020 presidential election into consideration was extremely challenging for Rewriting Political division among lawmakers, who had differing opinions on how much election law revision was necessary to address COVID-19 issues, was one of the main obstacles. This resulted in heated discussions and the failure of new laws to pass. The process was made more difficult by legal issues and disagreements on state authorities' power to alter electoral rules. Due to these problems, it was challenging for lawmakers to reach agreement and pass significant election law amendments in time for the 2020 presidential election, emphasising the necessity for bipartisan collaboration in resolving other election-related concerns.
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What does selective incorporation mean?
The concept of selective incorporation means that the Court has held the provisions of a Bill of Rights in order to limit or restrict the activities undertaken by the state governments.
The doctrine of selective incorporation is given under the Supreme Court's power to make a law or pass a bill that embraces the restrictive activities or powers that are already held under the full capacities of the states governments in the Americas. The provisions of selective incorporation are based on case-by-case methods.
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which branch of the government appoints justices to the u.s. supreme court?
Answer:
The Executive Branch appoints Justices to the Supreme Court.
Explanation:
Members of the Supreme Court are appointed by the President subject to the approval of the Senate.
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a pedestrian called the police to report suspicious activity and a possible drug deal occurring in a vehicle under a bridge. when the police arrived, they found only an abandoned vehicle. the vehicle had current registration tags, but from the flat tires and condition of the windshield, it appeared that the ve
The questions seems to be incomplete. I have gone ahead to explain what could be seen as suspicious activity in the society
What are suspicious activities?Suspicious activities refer to behaviors or actions that are deemed unusual, deviant, or potentially criminal in nature. These activities may be observed or reported by individuals and could include things like unusual purchases, unattended packages, strange behavior or appearance, loitering, or attempts to gain access to restricted areas. Suspicious activities may raise concerns for public safety or security
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the texas bill of rights is different from the u.s. bill of rights because
Similar safeguards are provided by the Texas Bill of Rights, however they are written in a more positive manner. But it also transcends any federal safeguards. For example, Section 3a specifically forbids discrimination on the basis of sex, race, color, creed, or national origin.
What variations can be seen between the Texas Bill of Rights and the US Bill of Rights?In several crucial areas, the Texas Bill of Rights and the US Bill of Rights are very different. The Texas Bill of Rights differs from the US Bill of Rights in several ways, the first being that it is included in Article I of the Texas Constitution as opposed to the US Bill of Rights, which is composed of the first ten amendments to the US Constitution. The Texas Bill of Rights contains 33 distinct rights as opposed to the US Bill of Rights' ten complex rights, making it a different document from the US one. The Texas Bill of Rights is written in terms of positive rights as opposed to the US Bill of Rights, which is presented in terms of negative liberties.
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What is New England law known for?
Few aspects New England law is particularly known for are historical significance, excellence in legal education, public interest law, maritime law, constitutional law, etc.
New England is known for having several prestigious law schools and a strong legal tradition.
1. Historical significance: New England is home to some of the oldest law schools in the United States, including Harvard Law School, which was founded in 1817.
Many of these institutions have played important roles in the development of American jurisprudence.
2. Excellence in legal education: New England law schools are known for providing high-quality legal education, often with a strong emphasis on practical training.
3. Public interest law: Many New England law schools have a strong commitment to public interest law and social justice.
4. Maritime law: Due to the region's history and geography, New England has a strong tradition in maritime law.
5. Constitutional law: New England has a long history of producing legal scholars and practitioners who specialize in constitutional law.
This is due in part to the region's connection to some of the most important constitutional debates in American history, such as the drafting of the U.S. Constitution in Philadelphia and the adoption of the Bill of Rights.
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when presented with evidence of discrimination, an employer in a disparate impact case needs to show that the employment practice is a(n) blank . multiple choice question. unrelated to the way the company does business subjective measure of evaluation unintentional mistake business necessity
when presented with evidence of discrimination, an employer in a disparate impact case needs to show that the employment practice is a business necessity.
Business necessity is used to justify an employers employment criteria in a company which disproportionately affects a group of individuals. The justification implies that the company has legitimate reasons to operate under such barred employment environment. It substantially affects employers need in the company and work assigned to him. Every business has different position of employment and each position is differentiated in need and skill of the employees, the employees have to set according to the business and its needs so that business can grow significantly.
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Why is Kepler's third law important?
Kepler's third law states that the square of the orbital period of a planet is directly proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis of its orbit. This law is important because it allowed us to determine the mass of planets, which in turn, helped us calculate the mass of the Sun. It also helped us understand that planets move in elliptical orbits around the Sun and not in circles.
It is important because it relates the period of a planet's orbit to its distance from the sun. This law, also known as the Harmonic Law, states that the square of the period of a planet's orbit is proportional to the cube of its average distance from the sun. Mathematically, this can be represented as P² ∝ a³, where P is the period of the orbit and a is the average distance from the sun.
This law is important because it allows astronomers to calculate the distance of a planet from the sun based on its orbital period, or vice versa. This is useful for studying the solar system and for understanding the behavior of planets and other celestial bodies. Additionally, Kepler's third law has been used to estimate the masses of stars and to discover exoplanets, or planets outside of our solar system.
Overall, Kepler's third law is an important tool for astronomers and has helped to further our understanding of the universe.
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Why were Southerners unable to maintain unity in the Peopleâs Party? a. Lack of Coordination b. Economic depression c. Racial Conflict d. The ideological conflict between leaders of the party
Out of the given alternatives, it may be stated that the Southerners were not able to maintain the level of unity in the People's Party due to the lack of coordination that they had. Therefore, the option A holds true.
The People's Party was formed with an intention to bring the people together in a unified goal towards the development of the American society. However, the southerners, or people from the southern states, were not in a sense of unity that also took a toll on their coordination lacking.
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question 14a. the law of independent assortment states that alleles of different genes assort independently during gamete formation. this law is carried out during
The law of autonomous assortment states that during gamete formation, alleles from various genes assort separately. This law comes into play during meiosis.
Meiosis involves a diverse group of cells. During the procedure, these divided, haploid chromosomes were produced. Grasp the law of autonomous assortment requires an understanding of the rule of segregation. This gives various gamete cells access to two unique genes. Mendel's independent assortment law states that the alleles of two or more distinct genes are independently selected into gametes. In other words, the allele for one gene does not change in a gamete when it acquires an allele for another gene.
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What is Amendment 11 to 27 called?
Amendment 11 to 27 is known as the "due process revolution" or the "second Bill of Rights."
The official titles of the amendments are as follows:
Amendment 11: Judicial Limits
Amendment 12: Choosing the President, Vice-President
Amendment 13: Slavery Abolished
Amendment 14: Citizenship Rights
Amendment 15: Race No Bar to Vote
Amendment 16: Status of Income Tax Clarified
Amendment 17: Senators Elected by Popular Vote
Amendment 18: Prohibition of Intoxicating Liquors
Amendment 19: Women's Suffrage
Amendment 20: Presidential, Congressional Terms
Amendment 21: Repeal of Prohibition
Amendment 22: Presidential Term Limits
Amendment 23: Presidential Vote for District of Columbia
Amendment 24: Poll Taxes Barred
Amendment 25: Presidential Disability and Succession
Amendment 26: Vote Age is 18 Years
Amendment 27: Limiting Congressional Pay Increases
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what must the prosecution prove in order to get a guilty verdict
The prosecution must implement the use of witnesses and evidences in order to prove and get a guilty verdict in the court of law.
The prosecution is to be referred to or considered as the person who takes the responsibility of representing a plaintiff or a defendant in the court of law for a case related thereto. For proving the guilt of related parties, the prosecutor may present facts based on evidences witnesses for the purpose of getting a guilty verdict being adjudged by the justice in the court of law.
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in what year was the needlestick safety and prevention act signed into law?
On November 6, 2000, the Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act (NSPA) (HR. 5178) was ratified.
In November 2000, the Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act (NSPA) was ratified. It required OSHA to update its bloodborne pathogens standard in order to provide specific new definitions and specifications.
Healthcare institutions are mandated to employ safer devices to lower the risk of needlesticks under the Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act of 2000 and the ensuing revision of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's bloodborne pathogens standard.
The Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act places new regulations on businesses, such as hospitals and ASCs, regarding their sharps procedures in an effort to significantly decrease the exposure of healthcare workers to bloodborne diseases.
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What is the 19th Amendment in simple words?
The nineteenth amendment of the American Constitution means that every American citizen will hold rights and protection against being denied for voting based on their gender or sexual discrimination.
The voting rights have been included as the fundamental rights of the American citizens under the 19th amendment of the National Constitution of the United States of America. Thus, there have been a number of instances wherein the citizens were sexually discriminated from voting, and thus, this amendment was enforced in the year 1920.
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Drag and drop the appropriate words to complete the following:Something of legally sufficient value may consist of the performance of an action that one is otherwise not obligated to undertake. Something of legally sufficient value may consist of the refraining from an action that one has a legal right to undertake (called a forbearance).1. obligated2. refraining
The answer to the statement "Drag and drop the appropriate words to complete the following: Something of legally sufficient value may consist of the performance of an action that one is otherwise not obligated to undertake. Something of legally sufficient value may consist of the refraining from an action that one has a legal right to undertake (called a forbearance)."
The term obligation refers to the responsibility to do or not do 3something. Obligation is a civil law notion in its legal sense. An obligation can be formed willingly, such as by a contract, quasi-contract, or unilateral pledge.
Nowadays, it also denotes that one or more parties(obligates) are obligated to execute or refrain from undertaking specified behavior (prestation).
In the legal meaning, abstain is to stop from doing, experiencing, or indulging in anything, especially from acting on a momentary inclination. It also includes preventing someone from doing any act or doing anything in order to carry out such an instruction.
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What is the difference of transference and countertransference?
The transference differs from the concept of countertransference in a way that the former is related to the emotional reaction of the client, whereas, the latter is related to the emotional behavior of the therapist.
The concept of countertransference can be referred to or considered as the one wherein the client experiences emotional reactions by the therapist in a session of counseling that they both are involved in. The concept of countertransference is completely in contrast to that of the transference, wherein the emotional reactions are given by the client itself.
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the cuban missile crisis was an incident involving cuba, the united states, and what other country?
it is not burdensome for a business to comply with the law. True/False ?
It is not burdensome for a business to comply with the law. This statement is false.
A law is a formal written enactment of a legislative body that, with the cooperation of other parties, governs the legal entities of a city, state, or nation.
Cases must adhere to the precedents of other such cases in related jurisdictions under the principle of stare decisis. Because the U.S. Supreme Court is the country's highest court, all states are bound by its rulings.
Legislative authority is separated into three categories. Union list, concurrent list, and state list. While statutory laws are the fundamental legal structure needed by the contemporary legal system. Additionally, there are two different sorts of the legislature: subordinate legislation and supreme legislation.
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Which of these early amendments to the Constitution guarantees the government will provide just compensation for private property that it takes?
a. Second
b. Fifth
c. Eighth
d. First
The correct option is B ; Fifth , The Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution, on the other hand, states that "nor shall private property be seized for public purpose without reasonable compensation.
" As a result, once the United States acquires a property through eminent domain, it has a constitutional obligation to compensate the property owner fairly for the land's fair market worth. The First Amendment guaranteed freedom of religion, freedom of the press, freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, and the right to petition.
According to the Fifth Amendment, no one shall be "deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law." The Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, passed in 1868, employs the same eleven words to express a legal requirement of all states.
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The United States does not have a unitary form of government because
a. The British would not allow it B. The states have powers reserved to them in the Constitution
c. The executive and legislative branches are separate
d. The states hold more power than does the federal government
Option B is correct - Because the states have powers reserved to them by the Constitution, the United States does not have a unitary form of government.
The US government relies on the federal system to run because it allows the federal government and the states to share power. This decentralised system's multiple levels of administration ensure that no level of government has excessive power and that each state is able to address issues particular to its own citizens.
The federal structure also offers a system of checks and balances, with each level of government acting as a check on the others. This will prevent the abuse of power and ensure that no individual or group has an undue influence on the decision-making process.
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A skier broke his leg when he was knocked down by the chair lift as he tried to avoid other skiers who had fallen off while disembarking. The ski resort employee operating the lift had not been paying attention and had failed to stop the lift. Ski patrol personnel placed the skier on a stretcher, which they then hooked up to a snowmobile to bring him down the mountain. The route down ran along the edge of a ski trail. Midway down, a novice snowboarder tried to see how close he could come to the stretcher without hitting it, but he lost control and landed on top of the skier's leg, damaging it further. The skier filed a lawsuit against the snowboarder and the resort in a jurisdiction that has adopted a comparative contribution system in joint and several liability cases. At trial, the skier's physician testified that the skier's leg was permanently disabled, but that neither injury, by itself, would have caused the permanent disability and it was impossible to quantify how much each injury contributed to the disability. The jury determined that the damages from the permanent disability equaled $2 million, and that the snowboarder and the resort were each 50% at fault.
What amount of damages can the skier recover from the snowboarder for his permanent disability?
$2 million was chosen because it was impossible to determine how much of the damage the snowboarder was responsible for.
Due to the snowboarder's joint and several liability for the injury, the skier may recover $2 million from the snowboarder. According to the doctrine of joint and several liability, each defendant will be held jointly and severally liable for any harm that the plaintiff suffers as a result of two or more tortious acts acting together to cause. This means that the plaintiff may seek payment from any defendant for the full amount of his damages. The doctrine holds true even when each tortfeasor took different steps and acted on their own. Here, the skier's right to reasonable care was violated by both the snowboarder and a resort employee.
The skier's disability was actually caused by both of the tortfeasors' actions because without either of them, his leg would not have become permanently disabled. Because the disability was a direct result of the snowboarder's act, that act was the proximate cause of the skier's disability. The extent of the harm was unpredictable, so it doesn't matter; the tortfeasor must treat the victim as he finds him. The skier can therefore sue the snowboarder for the full $2 million.
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Complete Question -
What amount of damages can the skier recover from the snowboarder for his permanent disability?
A $1 million, because the jurisdiction follows comparative contribution rules.
B $2 million, because it was not possible to identify the portion of the injury that the snowboarder caused.
C Nothing for his permanent disability, because the skier has not met his burden of proof as to the amount of damages that the snowboarder caused.
D Nothing for his permanent disability, because the injury inflicted by the snowboarder, by itself, would not have caused the disability.
What is the evidence for and against the theory that Arthur Leigh Allen was the Zodiac killer?
The case of the Zodiac Killer, a serial killer roaming around Northern California in the 1960s and 70s is still an unsolved mystery where the prime suspect was Arthur Leigh Allen.
There are a number of evidence that are for and against Arthur Leigh Allen.
The killer used to often communicate with the police. The letters were written through a Royal typewriter, with the elite type. The same typewriter was found in possession of Allen.
There was a type of bomb that the killer talked about in his letters. A sketch of a similar kind of bomb was found at Allen's residence.
A victim and survivor of Zodiac killer had identified Allen in a lineup.
A DNA print that was found in one of the letters, did not match Allen's.
Allen's handwriting did not match that of the serial killer's.
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which of the following did Jefferson include in the Declaration of Independence in order to convince the colonists and their European powers to break with Great Britain was both necessary and Justified?
a list of grievances against King George the Third
Jefferson included a) a. list of grievances against King George the Third in the Declaration of Independence in order to convince the colonists and their European powers to break with Great Britain
To persuade the colonies and European powers of the legitimacy of the American fight for independence, Thomas Jefferson included a list of grievances against King George III and the British government in the Declaration of Independence. The list of complaints was meant to show how the colonists' natural rights, such as their right to life, liberty, and property, had been frequently violated by the British authority. The complaints included, among other things, concerns about taxation without representation, infringements on the right to a jury trial, and housing soldiers in private residences.
Jefferson outlined these complaints in an effort to demonstrate that the American colonies had exhausted all possibilities for a peaceful settlement with Britain and that independence was required to safeguard their rights and liberties. The United States eventually won the Revolutionary War, and Great Britain and other European nations recognised its independence as a result. The Declaration of Independence was a potent statement that helped galvanise support for the American cause both within the colonies and overseas.
Complete Question:
Which of the following did Jefferson include in the Declaration of Independence in order to convince the colonists and their European powers to break with Great Britain was both necessary and Justified?
a) a list of grievances against King George the Third
b) The basic components of a constitution are the system
c) The Preamble to the Constitution
d) Mission of the government
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________ powers exist when both state and national governments possess a certain level of authority.
A. Expressed
B. Reserved
C. Concurrent
D. Implied
E. Police
Option (c), When both the state and the federal governments have a certain amount of power, there are concurrent powers.
What exactly does "shared concurrent power" between the federal and state governments entail?Concurrent powers are those that the federal and state governments both possess. This includes the power to impose taxes, build roads, and set up lower courts.
How much authority does the federal government have compared to the states?The federal system of governance with state governments sharing power is known as federalism. All states are subject to national jurisdiction, but states are only sovereign inside their own borders. The American Revolution is where federalism first emerged.
What additional obligations does the government have?Concurrent responsibilities include writing legislation, putting it into effect, keeping track of it, and evaluating performance, for instance. Housing, agriculture, social welfare, and education are among the matters that fall under the joint jurisdiction of the federal and provincial administrations.
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