When bonding, atoms try to achieve a stable noble gas configuration.
Atoms are always trying to achieve stability. In the modern periodic table, noble gases present in the group 18 are the most stable. They have a completely filled outermost or the valence shell, that is, it contains 8 valence electrons in its valence shell.
Due to this stable electronic configuration, they are inert in nature, that is, they do not have a tendency to react by sharing or losing their electrons. When participating in a bonding, atoms try to lose or gain electrons to reach their nearest noble gas configuration and attain stability.
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Classify the reaction in each of the following equations.
a. BaCl2 (aq) + K2CrO4 (aq) → BaCrO4 (s) + 2KCl(aq)
b. Si(s) + 2Cl2 (g) → SiCl4 (l)
Answer:
a) Double replacement
b) Synthesis
Explanation:
a) For A, we have two ionic reactants that form two ionic products, where the anion (or cation) is swapped. This is a characteristic of a double replacement reaction.
b) For B, two elements, this time two elements, react together to form one product that's unlike the reactants. This is a characteristic of a synthesis reaction.
Show the more stable carbocation that forms through a 1. 2−shift. Be sure to answer all parts. Part 1 out of 2 Show the more stable carbocation that forms through a 1,2-shift.
Be sure to answer all parts. Part 1 out of 2 Show the more stable carbocation that forms through a 1,2-shift.
The more stable carbocation that forms through a 1,2-shift is a tertiary carbocation.
A 1,2-shift is a rearrangement of a carbon-carbon double bond, where one of the carbons moves two positions away from its original location with its original bonding partner following it. This creates a carbocation intermediate, with the carbon that moved being the positively charged center. Since tertiary carbocations are the most stable of the carbocation intermediates, the more stable carbocation that forms through a 1,2-shift is a tertiary carbocation.
The more stable carbocation that forms through a 1,2-shift is a tertiary carbocation.
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Solid iron (III) hydroxide decomposes to produce iron (III) oxide and water vapor. If 0. 75 L of water vapor are isolated in the labat STP what was the percent yield of water vapor if you startedthe reaction with 8. 0 grams of iron (III) hydroxide?
The percent yield of water vapor is 1000%, which is not possible and this is an indication that the experiment has not been done accurately or there is an error in the data, or the reaction is not a complete reaction.
To calculate the percent yield of a reaction, you need to know the theoretical yield (the maximum amount of product that could be produced based on the balanced equation) and the actual yield (the amount of product that was actually produced in the lab). To find the theoretical yield, you can use the balanced equation for the reaction and the amount of reactant that was used.
The balanced equation for the decomposition of iron(III) hydroxide is:
Fe(OH)3 --> Fe2O3 + H2O
We are given that 8.0 g of Fe(OH)3 was used in the reaction.
From the balanced equation, we can see that for every 1 mole of Fe(OH)3 that reacts, 1 mole of H2O is produced.
The molar mass of Fe(OH)3 is 106 g/mol
so the amount of moles of Fe(OH)3 is 8.0 g / 106 g/mol = 0.075 moles
The theoretical yield of H2O would then be 0.075 moles.
We also know that 0.75 L of H2O is isolated at STP, which is equivalent to 0.75 moles of H2O.
The percent yield can be calculated by dividing the actual yield by the theoretical yield, and multiplying by 100%.
% yield = (actual yield / theoretical yield) * 100%
% yield = (0.75 moles / 0.075 moles) * 100%
% yield = 10 * 100%
% yield = 1000%
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The solid has a mass of 180 g. What is the density of the solid? Show your work. Be sure to use correct units of measurement. HELP NEEDED ASAP!!!!
Answer:
I'm telling the teacher on u man stop cheatingHow many moles of MgCO3 are present in 252. 939 grams of MgCO37
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The number of moles of MgCO3 that is present in the given mass of magnesium carbonate is 2.99 moles.
The number of moles can be defined as the ratio of given mass over molar mass. The chemical that is given is magnesium carbonate having molar mass of 84.314 g/mol and the given mass of the same is 252.939 grams.
The formula for number of moles that is 'n' can be given as follows:
n= m/M where m is the given mass and M is the molar mass.
Substituting the values,
n= 252.939 grams /84.314 grams/mol
n=2.99 moles
Therefore, the number of moles of MgCO3 is 2.99 moles.
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What are 3 elements that are highly reactive?
The three elements that are highly reactive belongs to alkali metals i.e., s-block elements that are lithium, sodium and potassium.
The elements that belongs to s block elements are hydrogen (H), lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs), and francium (Fr). The nature of alkali metals is soft and shiny in appearance. They have low melting point and are highly reactive in nature and usually tarnish when exposed to air. Sodium (Na) is the most reactive element since it's valence electrons are not tightly held together in the atom. The three elements that are highly reactive are Lithium (Li), Sodium (Na), and potassium (K). The elements toward the bottom left corner of the periodic table are the metals that are the most active in the sense of being the most reactive
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A neon sign contains 2.01 x 10^25 atoms of gas. How many moles of neon are in the sign?
A neon sign contains 2.01 x 10^25 atoms of gas. 3.34 x 10^-3 moles of neon are in the sign.
What do you mean by mole ?The term mole is defined as the amount of substance of a system which contains as many elementary entities.
1 mole is equal to 6.023 × 10 ²³ molecules.
According to Avogadro's constant, in one mole, there are 6.02 x 10^23 atoms.
To calculate how many moles are in 2.01 x 10^21 atoms, you would divide it by the amount of atoms that fit in a mole.
2.01 x 10^21 atoms / 6.02 x 10^23
= 0.00334 moles,
= 3.34 x 10^-3 moles
Thus, A neon sign contains 2.01 x 10^25 atoms of gas. 3.34 x 10^-3 moles of neon are in the sign.
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Your question is incomplete, most probably your question was
A neon sign contains 2.01 X 1021 atoms of the gas. How many moles of neon are in the sign?
a1.21 X 1045 mole Ne
b3.34 X 10-3 mole Ne
c2.00 X 102 mole Ne
d12.10 X 102 mole Ne
If an automobile air bag has a volume of 11.8 L, what mass of (in g) is required to fully inflate the air bag upon impact
22.3 g of NaN₃ are required to fully inflate an airbag of 11.5 L at STP.
What is decomposition reaction?Chemical decomposition, also known as chemical breakdown, is the process of breaking down a single chemical entity into two or more components. Chemical breakdown is commonly thought of and characterized as the inverse of chemical synthesis. When one reactant breaks down into two or more products, this is referred to as a decomposition reaction. This is expressed by the following generic equation: AB A + B. The breakdown of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen is an example of a decomposition process, as is the breakdown of water to hydrogen and oxygen.
Here,
In airbags, sodium azide decomposes to form sodium and nitrogen gas, which inflates the bag. The decomposition reaction is:
2 NaN₃ ⇒ 2 Na + 3 N₂
We can calculate the mass of NaN₃ needed to produce 11.5 L of N₂ at STP, using the following relations.
At STP, 1 mole of N₂ occupies 22.4 L.
The molar ratio of N₂ to NaN₃ is 3:2.
The molar mass of NaN₃ is 65.01 g/mol.
=11.8*1/22.4*2/3*65.01/1
=118/112*21.67
=22.82 g
22.3 g of NaN₃ are required to fully inflate an airbag of 11.5 L at STP.
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the ka for hydrofluric acid is 7.2 x 10-4. this means that hf is
a weak acid. The Ka (acid dissociation constant) is a measure of the strength of an hydrofluoric acid in solution. It is defined as the equilibrium constant for the dissociation reaction of the acid in water,.
which is usually written as:
HA + H2O → H3O+ + A-
A lower Ka value indicates that the acid is a weak acid, meaning that it does not dissociate very well in water and thus has a low concentration of H3O+ ions. A higher Ka value indicates that the hydrofluoric acid is a strong acid, meaning that it dissociates very well in water and thus has a high concentration of H3O+ ions. Given that the Ka for hydrofluoric acid is 7.2 x 10-4, this means that hydrofluoric acid is a weak acid. This means that it does not dissociate very well in water and thus has a low concentration of H3O+ ions. It is a weaker acid than the strong acids like Hydrochloric acid, Sulfuric acid, Nitric acid and many others.
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Which of the following statements correctly identifies the decomposition reaction and describes a substance involved
Option C. Decomposition reaction: a substance involved is oxygen.
A decomposition reaction is a type of chemical reaction in which a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances.Decomposition Reaction Involving OxygenA decomposition reaction is a type of chemical reaction where a single compound is broken down into two or more simpler substances. In the reaction, energy is typically used to break down the bonds that hold the molecules of the compound together. Oxygen is often a substance involved in the reaction, as it is used to provide the energy needed to break down the compound. When oxygen is involved, the reaction is sometimes referred to as an oxidation reaction.
Since the question is not complete, here's the full task:
Which of the following statements correctly identifies the decomposition reaction and describes a substance involved?
Choose the right option:
A. Combustion reaction: a substance involved is oxygen
B. Combustion reaction: a substance involved is a hydrocarbon
C. Decomposition reaction: a substance involved is oxygen
D. Decomposition reaction: a substance involved is a hydrocarbon
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Warm air rises because:
A.) It is made of helium
B.) As it warms the particles spread out making it less dense
C.) As it warms the particles get closer together making it more dense
D.) Air always moves towards the sun or moon due to gravity
As the air gets warmer it rises because, particles spread out making it less dense. The diffusing capability of gas molecules make it possible.
What is intermolecular forces ?Intermolecular force are the force that keep the particles of a substance binded together. Gaseous molecule easily diffuse in air , since the intermolecular attraction is very less in them.
In solid state molecules are densely packed and difficult to move apart. In liquid state , particles have some space to move and in gases molecules are far apart due to less intermolecular force.
As the gas molecules in air absorbs heat energy, they overcome all the intermolecular forces and will spread out in the air. Thus, they rises above over a temperature gradient.
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The reaction of ethane gas C2H6 with chlorine gas produces C2H5Cl as its main product along with HCl. (In addition, the reaction invariably produces a variety of other minor products, including C2H4Cl2, C2H2Cl3, and others. Naturally, the production of these minor products reduces the yield of the main product.) (a) Write out the complete, balanced chemical reaction of main reaction taking place. (b) Calculate the percent yield of C2H5Cl if the reaction of 300. grams of ethane with 650. grams of chlorine produced 490. grams of C2H5Cl.
a) The balanced equation is :
C₂H₆ + Cl₂ ---> C₂H₅Cl + HCl
b) The percent yield is the 83.0 % %.
a) The balanced equation is given below :
C₂H₆ + Cl₂ ---> C₂H₅Cl + HCl
b) mass of the ethane = 300 g
molar mass of the ethane = 30 g/mol
moles of the ethane = 300 / 30
= 10 mol
mass of chlorine = 650 g
molar mass of the chlorine = 71 g /mol
moles = 650 / 71
= 9.15 mol
it is clear the the chlorine is the limiting reactant.
1 mole of the chlorine produces the 1 mole of the C₂H₅Cl
moles of the C₂H₅Cl = 9.15 mol
mass of the C₂H₅Cl = 9.15 × 64.5
= 590.175 g
The percent yield = (experimental yield / theoretical yield ) × 100 %
= ( 490 / 590 .175 ) × 100 %
= 83.0 %
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If a sample of pure hydrogen gas is ignited very carefully, the hydrogen burns gently, combining with the oxygen gas of the air to form water vapor. Write the unbalanced chemical equation for this reaction.
H₂ (g) + O₂ (g) ⇒ H₂O (g) because Hydrogen and oxygen gas both exist as diatomic molecules. The water is in gaseous state due to the heat given off by the combustion reaction.
What is combustion reaction?Combustion, often known as burning, is a high-temperature exothermic redox chemical reaction that occurs between a fuel and an oxidant, typically atmospheric oxygen, to generate oxidized, generally gaseous products in a mixture known as smoke. A combustion reaction is a type of chemical reaction that occurs when any combustible component reacts with an oxidiser to generate an oxidised product. Fires and the release of energy in the form of heat are frequently associated with combustion processes. A hydrocarbon generally combines with oxygen in most combustion processes to produce carbon dioxide and water.
Here,
Because hydrogen and oxygen gas exist as diatomic molecules, H2 (g) + O2 (g) = H2O (g). Because of the heat produced by the combustion reaction, the water is in a gaseous condition.
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Which term is best described as an organic compound containing a carbonyl group bound to two hydrogen atoms or to a hydrogen atom and an alkyl substituent
A carbonyl group is bound to hydrogen bond or to a hydrogen ion and an alkoxy substituent in an organic compound known as an aldehyde.
What is Aldehyde?Aldehyde is an organic compound containing a functional group with the structure −CHO, in which a carbon atom is double-bonded to an oxygen atom and single-bonded to a hydrogen atom. Aldehydes are the simplest type of carbonyl group and the most common type of organic compound. Aldehydes are found in many natural and manufactured products, including perfumes and food products. The most common example of a natural aldehyde is formaldehyde, which is produced by plants and animals.
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Vines grow straight until they find something to grow around. What is
responsible for this adaptation?
Answer:
No matter how a seed is planted, the root will orient itself towards the pull of gravity in the downward direction. This is known as geotropism.
Molecular iodine, i2(g), dissociates into iodine atoms at 625 k with a first-order rate constant of 0. 271 s−1. Part a part complete what is the half-life for this reaction?
After solving the equation: The half-life for this reaction is 0.693/0.271 = 2.56 s.
What is reaction?Reaction is the response of a system to an external or internal stimulus. It is the way a person or object behaves in response to a change in their environment. Reactions can be physical, chemical, or psychological. Physical reactions involve changes in the body, such as muscle tension, sweating, or heart rate.
The half-life for this reaction is the time it takes for the concentration of molecular iodine to decrease by a factor of 2, or for half of the original amount of molecular iodine to react. This can be calculated using the equation:
T1/2 = 0.693/k
where k is the first-order rate constant.
Therefore, the half-life for this reaction is 0.693/0.271 = 2.56 s.
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An oxygen-binding protein was purified from a mollusk. It was found to exhibit fluorescence, which means that it has amino acid residues that absorb light of one wavelength and then emit light of a longer wavelength. Generally, the more exposed these residues are to solvent, the greater their fluorescence intensity. When placed in a deoxygenated buffer solution, the protein's fluorescence was measured and assigned a value of 1.0. Then the amount of protein fluorescence was measured under various other conditions and expressed relative to the initial measurement. The results are summarized in the table. Which conclusion is supported by these results
The conclusion is supported by these results is binding of oxygen to the protein changes the protein's tertiary structure to a conformation that resists the effects of urea.
Simple definition of fluorescenceFluorescence is a property that some chemicals have that allows them to emit visible light after absorbing radiation that is typically invisible, like ultraviolet light.
Fluorescence is the name given to the process of electromagnetic radiation typically visible light emitting from a material as a result of atoms being excited. These excited atoms almost immediately (within 10⁻⁸ seconds) begin emitting again. In most cases, the initial excitation is brought on by the energy absorption of incident radiation or particles, like X-rays or electrons.
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Spreadsheets are super helpful in helping you stay organized when calculating recipe costs because they have different rows and columns to track all your _____ individually and what they cost.
Question 1 options:
ideas
customers
ingredients
reviews
Question 2 (1 point)
Ryan is a baker who likely does what to his ingredients rather measuring them out with cups?
Question 2 options:
splitting up
sharing
weighing out
cultivating
Question 3 (1 point)
What company has a trade secret that claims to use "eleven herbs and spices," supposedly scribbled on a piece of yellow notepaper inside an iron safe in Louisville, Kentucky, and as the story goes, the safe is actually a vault surrounded by cameras, motion-detectors, and even guards!
Question 3 options:
Chik-Fil-A
Coca Cola
McDonald's
Kentucky Fried Chicken
Question 4 (1 point)
What kind of measuring device comes in sets, with each part of the set holding a pre-determined volume and increasing in size from ¼ to 1?
Question 4 options:
strain measuring spoons
conversion measuring spoons
tare measuring cups
standard measuring cups
Question 5 (1 point)
What kind of cups for measuring are sometimes made from glass or something transparent so the markings on the side with different measurements are visible?
Question 5 options:
graduated measuring cups
standard measuring cups
tare measuring cups
Maillard measuring cups
Question 6 (1 point)
Schools, hospitals, prisons, universities, summer camps, and government buildings are just a few examples of the types of institutions and commercial kitchens that depend on what kind of recipes on a daily basis?
Question 6 options:
trade secret recipes
small volume recipes
improvised recipes
standardized recipes
Question 7 (1 point)
As a big-time chef, your job entails nothing more than simply putting out spectacular food.
Question 7 options:
True
False
Question 8 (1 point)
Rice never loses its food value, regardless of how many times its rinsed.
Question 8 options:
True
False
Question 9 (1 point)
When a food cost analysis is properly done, it can serve as a tool to monitor your overall expenses so you can make a profit and stay within the confines of your budget.
Question 9 options:
True
False
Question 10 (1 point)
When looking for consistency and reliability, in cooking and other endeavors, it's far better to rely on what rather than guesswork?
Question 10 options:
intuition
hypotheses
numbers
estimates
Question 11 (1 point)
Most failing restaurants find themselves in trouble because they do not understand the what that is associated with what they are doing?
Question 11 options:
cost
time
resilience
integrity
Question 12 (1 point)
When adhering to the ABCs of eating when planning out your diet, ensuring that you are not too heavy on fat, salt, or sugar means that you are using what?
Question 12 options:
adequacy
moderation
variety
balance
Question 13 (1 point)
Inventory control provides predictable information on the quantity of ingredients needed for each _____ cycle.
Question 13 options:
revenue
standardized
nutrient
production
Question 14 (1 point)
As delightful as it is to design a delicious, exciting, and colorful menu, it is equally as important to see the hidden costs and risk behind every decision.
Question 14 options:
True
False
Question 15 (1 point)
What happens to ingredients through the process of trimming, cleaning, and cooking?
Question 15 options:
They shrink.
They grow.
They disintegrate.
They multiply.
Answer:
A-Ideas
Explanation:
What are the branches of multi national company called?
Explanation:
decentralized multinational corporations, centralised global corporations, international companies, and transnational enterprises.
If the density of blood is 1. 060 g/mL what is the mass of 6. 56 pints of blood (1 L = 2. 113 pints)
If the density of blood is 1.060 g/mL, then the mass of 6.56 pints of blood is 3.29 grams.
What is density?The density of a substance is the measure of how densely it is packed together. It is expressed as mass per unit volume. Symbol for density: D or Formula for Density: = m/V, where is the density, m is the object's mass, and V is the object's volume. Density is the amount of things (people, animals, plants, or items) in a given area. To compute density, divide the number of items by the area measured. A country's population density is the number of inhabitants divided by its area in square kilometers or miles.
Here,
6.56 pints * 473.1765 ml/pint * 1.060 g/ml = 3.290 gm
The mass of 6.56 pints of blood is 3.29 grams if the density of blood is 1.060 g/mL.
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0.25 moles of a gas at 760 mmHg and 298 K are contained in a 6.1 L bottle. What is the pressure of the system if the amount of gas in the bottle is reduced to 0.13 mole and the temperature is reduced to 100 K?
The pressure in the container can be calculated using Ideal gas law. The pressure of the gas at the reduced temperature will be 0.17 atm.
What is ideal gas law?Ideal gas law states the relation between volume, pressure, temperature and number of moles of a gas as written below:
PV = nRT.
Where R is the universal gas constant equal to 0.082 L atm/ K mol.
Given , T = 100 K
n = 0.13 moles
V = 6.1 L
Then, P = nRT/ V
The pressure of the gas at 100 K with 0.13 mole is calculated as follows:
P = (0.13 mole × 100 K × 0.082 L atm/ K mol) / 6.1 L = 0.17 atm.
Therefore, the pressure of the gas is 0.17 atm.
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how to separate soluble,insoluble and insoluble mixture
By the process of evaporation
What is the pH of a 7.5 × 10-3 M Ba(OH)2 solution at 25°C?
a. 0.015
b. 1.82
c. 12.18
d. 11.88
A 7.5 10-3 M Ba(OH)2 solutions at 25°C has a pH of 1.82. (option b).
What exactly is a solution exemplar?A homogenous solution of two or more ingredients with particles smaller than one nm is referred to as a solution. Solutions come in many forms, such as soda water, salt and sugar solutions, etc. In a solution, every element appears as a single phase.
What is the ideal definition of a solution?In chemistry, a solution is a homogeneous mix of two or more molecules in relative proportions that can be constantly changed up to what is known as the limit of solubility. Although the term "solution" is frequently used to refer to the liquid state of matter, solutions of gases and solids are also possible.
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How do you calculate grams per mole?
Use the grams to moles formula to calculate the number of moles, n, of a substance with a given mass, m, (in grams) accurately, where M denotes the substance's molar mass. Typically, g/mol is used as the unit.
n = m / M
The mole is the SI unit used to measure a substance's quantity. There are precisely 6.02214085774× 10²³ atoms, molecules, or other particles in one mole of matter. The Avogadro number is this enormous magnitude. A mole of a substance is defined as a mass of material that contains exactly 12,000 g of 12C's exact number of atoms as fundamental units. The International System of Units uses the mole (symbol: mol) as the unit of material quantity (SI).
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Why are incandescent light bulbs considered to be lower efficiency than LED bulbs?
#1: A greater percentage of the energy output of the incandescent bulb goes toward heat.
#2: A greater amount of energy is required for the same light output from the LED bulb.
#3: A smaller amount of energy is wasted by the incandescent bulb.
#4: A smaller percentage of the energy output of the LED bulb goes toward light.
A smaller amount of energy is wasted by the incandescent bulb.
Why are incandescent light bulbs less efficient?Because so much energy (90%) is used to produce heat instead of light, incandescent lights are the least efficient of all current lighting options.A typical incandescent source emits around 2% of its energy as usable visible light and the rest 98% as waste heat. Incandescent bulbs have a high likelihood of burning out regularly and need to be replaced annually.Incandescent bulbs are inefficient since they only produce 10% of light and 90% of heat. Additionally, incandescent lights don't last as long as CFLs and LEDs do. A 12-watt LED bulb lasts 25,000 hours, compared to 1,000 hours for an incandescent bulb, 10,000 hours for a CFL, and 15 hours for a CFL.To learn more about incandescent light bulbs refers to:
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Determine the empirical and molecular formula of benzene which contains only carbon and hydrogen and is 7.74% hydrogen by mass. The molar mass of benzene is 78.1 g/mol.
The empirical and molecular formula of benzene is CH and C6H6 that contains only carbon and hydrogen and the mass of hydrogen is 7.74%.
Molar mass of benzene is = 78.1%
Hydrogen = 7.44%
We have to find empirical and molecular formula
We calculate the percentage of Carbon in the compound is as follow:
Percentage of compound = 100%
Hydrogen = 7.44%
We have find the percentage of carbon
Carbon = (Percentage of compound) - (Hydrogen)
= 100-7.44
= 92.56%
Calculate empirical formula:
Carbon (C) = 92.56% Hydrogen (H) = 7.44% Empirical formula = ?
Firstly, divide by their molar mass
C = 92.56 / 12 = 7.71, H = 7.44 / 1 = 7.44
Divide by the smallest
C = 7.71 / 7.74 = 1, H = 7.44 / 7.44 = 1
Empirical formula of benzene = CH
Calculate Molecular formula
Molecular mass of benzene = 78.1 g / mol. Empirical formula = CH, Molecular formula = ?
Molecular formula = Empirical formula X n
Molecular formula = molar mass
Therefore, Empirical formula x n = molar mass
[CH]n = 78.1, [12 + 1]n = 78.1,
13n = 78.1
Divide both sides by 13
n = 78.1 / 13
n = 6
Molecular formula = C6H6
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Hello can you please help me?
here is my big question:
considering that in any part of the periodic Table of the Elements, if the element's position is higher and more to the right, its atomic radius is smaller. So our element has more metallic character. According to this point, if we consider the elements from iron to zinc, zinc is more reactive than iron and copper. So why is the reactivity of copper less than iron?
Answer:
because I'm the reactivity table of metals it shows that iron is indeed more reactive than copper
Explanation:
potassium (most reactive)
sodium
lithium
calcium
magnesium
aluminum
zinc
iron
tin
lead
hydrogen
copper
mercury
silver
gold( least reactive)
What molecule solid would have the highest melting point?
Answer:
Explanation:
They are Covalent networks solids
what is the concentration of HCl solution if 20.4 mL of a 1 M NaOH solution was needed to completely react with 25 ml of hcl
The concentration of the HCl solution is 0.816 M (or 816 mM).
To determine the concentration of the HCl solution, we can use the balanced equation for the neutralization reaction between HCl and NaOH:
HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)
This reaction is a neutralization reaction, which means that the number of moles of H+ ions (from the HCl) is equal to the number of moles of OH- ions (from the NaOH).
Given that 20.4 mL of a 1 M NaOH solution was needed to completely react with 25 ml of HCl, we can use the volume and molarity of the NaOH solution to determine the number of moles of OH- ions:
Molarity = moles of solute/litres of solution
Moles of OH- = (20.4 mL x 1 M) / 1000 mL/L = 0.0204 moles
Since the number of moles of H+ ions is equal to the number of moles of OH- ions, we can use the number of moles of OH- to determine the number of moles of H+ ions:
moles of H+ = moles of OH- = 0.0204 moles
We can then use the number of moles of H+ ions and the volume of the HCl solution to determine the concentration of the HCl solution:
Molarity = moles of solute/litres of solution
concentration of HCl = moles of H+ / (25 mL / 1000 mL/L) = 0.0204 moles / 0.025 L = 0.816 M (or 816 mM)
Therefore, the concentration of the HCl solution is 0.816 M (or 816 mM).
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State what is meant by the term polarised (2 marks)
Explanation:
use to describe something that is complete opposite