when a star travels from a position above the observer's horizon to a position below the observer's horizon, is that star rising or setting?

For a observer at a middle latitude, the time between when a star rises and when it sets depends on the star.

If you watch the night sky for a few hours, you will see that the stars appear to rotate about a fixed point in the sky (which happens to be near the pole star, Polaris). This motion is due to the Earth's rotation. As the spin of the Earth carries us eastward at almost one thousand miles per hour, we see stars rising in the East, passing overhead, and setting in the West.

Because of the Earth's rotation, everything in the sky seems to move together, turning once around us every 24 hours. Ancient astronomers explained this phenomenon by supposing that the Sun, Moon, planets, and stars were attached to a huge celestial sphere, centered on the Earth, which rotated on a fixed axis once per day.

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--The complete question is, An observer at a middle latitude (i.e. neither at the equator nor the poles), how much time is there between when a star rises and when it sets?

a. <12 hours

b. about 12 hours

c. > 12 hours

d. depends on the stars--

Answer:

srry

Explanation:

The motions of the atoms are ____ when they are connected by a cable. A) Constant independence B) Constant dependence reliant, but not necessarily

What is the motion process?

The act of moving, changing location, or even merely changing position is referred to as motion. Every time something moves, a lot of elements come into play. If an object travels in a single direction at a constant speed, there are fewer variables at play. The majority of movement, however, involves varying the movement's speed and direction.

What makes motion different from terms?

Motion and Conditions The act of moving, changing location, or even merely changing position is referred to as motion. Every time something moves, a lot of elements come into play. If an object travels in a single direction at a constant speed, there are fewer variables at play.

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If 1 kg ball is held motionless above the ground and then released. At impact, it was traveling at 5.50 m/s. The amount of the potential energy  it have before it was released is: D. 15.1 J.

Potential energy is related to the height of an object and can be calculated using the equation:

PE = mgh

where :

m = mass of the object

g =  acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s^2)

h = height above the ground

Since the initial velocity of the ball is zero, the potential energy can be calculated as follows:

PE = 0.5 * m * v^2

where:
m = mass of the ball (1 kg)

v =  velocity at impact (5.50 m/s)

PE = 0.5 * 1 kg * (5.50 m/s)^2 = 15.1J

Therefore the ball had 15.1 J of potential energy before it was released.

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The chamber has an absolute pressure of 64 kPa.

Absolute pressure is the force that exists in a space when there is no matter present, or when there is a perfect vacuum. This absolute zero serves as the baseline for measurements in absolute pressure. The measurement of barometric pressure is the greatest illustration of an absolute referenced pressure.

By deducting the ambient pressure from the vacuum gauge measurement, the absolute pressure inside the chamber can be calculated:

Atmospheric pressure minus the vacuum gauge reading gives the chamber's absolute pressure.

absolute pressure in the chamber is

=>100 kPa - 36 kPa

=> 64kPa

Therefore, 64 kPa is the chamber's absolute pressure.

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The block receives gravitational potential energy when the string is pulled up on it, and this energy is equal to mgh, where mg is the block's mass, g is the acceleration caused by gravity, and h is the height to which it is elevated.

Depending on the context, a block can be used to refer to various things. A block in computing is a unit of data that is sent or stored as a single entity. A block in programming is a segment of code contained in curly brackets or a keyword like "if" or "while." A block in economics is a collection of nations or organisations that work together to accomplish similar objectives. A rectangular or square building material made of concrete, clay, or other materials can be referred to as a block in construction. The word "block" is used in a variety of contexts and for a variety of purposes.

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The acceleration of cyclist is determined as 0.66 m/s².

The acceleration of the cyclist is calculated by applying Newton's second law of motion as follows;

F (net) = ma

where;

The net force on the cyclist is calculated as;

F (net) = 150 N - 84 N = 66 N

The acceleration of cyclist is calculated as follows;

a = F (net) / m

a = 66 N / 100 kg

a = 0.66 m/s²

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The distance covered by new horizons to reach arrokoth was 12,500 km (7,800 mi).

In the Solar System, Arrokoth is the most distant and primitive object that a spacecraft has ever visited. On January 1, 2019, the NASA spacecraft New Horizons made a flyby of the object. The New Horizons crew searched for its Kuiper Belt flyby target after Pluto using the potent Hubble Space Telescope. The research team, lead by co-investigator Marc Buie, found an object that New Horizons may reach with its remaining fuel using data acquired with Hubble on June 26, 2014. In 2019, the object was given the nickname "Arrokoth" (a Native American phrase that meaning "sky" in the Powhatan/Algonquin language), minor planet number 485968, and the designation 2014 MU69.

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Option D, Half of a chunk of wood floats on the surface of the sea. Then it is forced downward until it is submerged entirely.

Understand the effects of the forces on the block of wood using the concepts of buoyant force and Archimedes' principle.

A. Because the weight of the wood per unit volume has not changed, the buoyant force on the block is the same in the two scenarios.

B. Because the weight of the water per unit volume is the same in both situations, the buoyant force on the block is the same in both.

C. When a block is totally submerged, the buoyant force acting on it is stronger than when the block is just partially submerged.

D. When the block is floating, its buoyant force is stronger than when it is submerged.

E. Because the block loses weight as it is submerged, the buoyant force on it is the same in both circumstances.

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Phantom is an artificial object that can be imaged to test the performance and quality of a magnetic resonance system.

Magnetic Resonance system is a non-invasive imaging technology used to investigate anatomy and function of the body in both health and disease without the use of damaging ionizing radiation. It is often used for disease detection, diagnosis, and treatment monitoring. It is based on sophisticated technology that excites and detects changes in protons found in the water that makes up living tissues.

A phantom is usually a fluid-filled container or bottle often filled with a plastic structure of various sizes and shapes.

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The requried, a. average velocity = 9.42 meters/second and b. the ball's centripetal acceleration is 59.11 meters/second².

Velocity is defined as the rate of change in the position of an object with respect to time.

a) The average velocity of the ball can be found by dividing the total distance traveled by the time taken.

average velocity = total distance/time taken

average velocity = (3π meters/turn) x (120 turns/minute) x (1/60 minutes/second)

average velocity = 9.42 meters/second

b) The ball's centripetal acceleration is given by the formula a = v^2/r, where v is the velocity of the ball and r is the radius of the circular path.

a = v²/r

a = (9.42 m/s)² / 1.5 m

a = 59.11 m/s²

Therefore, the ball's centripetal acceleration is 59.11 meters/second².

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Answer:

A lens bends a light beam at an aimed angle and converges or diffuses bundles of rays by taking advantage of refraction taking place when the light travels. For that purpose, the side geometry of a lens has a spherical figure, which may be roughly divided into two types.

Concave lens and

Convex lens.

In short if a light ray passes through a lens, then it will bend.

When it passes through concave lens: the ray of light passing through the concave lens will bend further away from principal axis after refraction.

When it passes through convex lens: the ray of light after passing through the convex lens will towards the principal axis.

Out of the 100 kJ of thermal energy at 650 K, only 53.9 kJ, or 53.9%, can be converted to useful work. The remaining energy will be rejected to the environment as waste heat.

To determine how much of the 100 kJ of thermal energy at 650 K can be converted to useful work, we need to calculate the maximum possible efficiency of a heat engine operating between these two temperatures.

The maximum possible efficiency of a heat engine operating between two temperatures T_hot and T_cold is given by:

efficiency = 1 - (T_cold / T_hot)

In this case, T_hot = 650 K and T_cold = 25 + 273 = 298 K. Substituting these values into the efficiency equation, we get:

efficiency = 1 - (298 / 650) = 0.539

Therefore, the maximum possible efficiency of a heat engine operating between these two temperatures is 0.539, or 53.9%.

To determine how much of the thermal energy can be converted to useful work, we can multiply the thermal energy by the maximum efficiency:

useful work = thermal energy x efficiency

useful work = 100 kJ x 0.539

useful work = 53.9 kJ

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Answer:

do u want the definition of refraction?

Explanation:

Refraction is defined as the phenomenon of bending of light ray when it travels from one medium to another of refractive index.

The sartorius muscle is the solution. A superficial muscle that runs the full length of the leg, the sartorius is involved in the flexion of the knee and hip.

The heart's wall is made up of cardiac muscle, which also causes the heart to contract vigorously. Intestinal, uterine, blood vessel, and internal ocular muscles are all made of smooth muscles.

The epidermis and some skeletal muscles are linked to the bones (muscles in our face). The skeletal muscles' contraction aids in the movement of the limbs and other bodily parts.

Although some estimates go as high as 840, the majority of sources claim that there are over 650 identified skeletal muscles in the human body.

Therefore, The sartorius muscle is the solution. A superficial muscle that runs the full length of the leg, the sartorius is involved in the flexion of the knee and hip.

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The United States of America was the first country to land a spacecraft on the moon.

The historical event occurred on July 20, 1969, when the Apollo 11 mission successfully placed the lunar module, "Eagle," on the moon's surface. Astronauts Neil Armstrong and Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin became the first human beings to walk on the moon, while Michael Collins orbited above in the command module. This achievement marked a major milestone in space exploration and demonstrated American technological superiority during the Cold War.

This mission marked the first successful soft landing on the moon and was a major milestone in space exploration. The Luna 9 spacecraft was the first of many lunar landers and rovers sent to the moon, laying the foundation for more ambitious lunar missions such as the Apollo 11 mission in 1969, which was the first mission to put humans on the moon.

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Vehicle tail lights must be visible from 500 feet to the rear in normal sunlight.

For most of the vehicles around the world, the tail lights are red. The brake lights appear to be luminous red. Tail lights also include the backup lights. They are white in color. The idea of "red signifies stop". It has always been connected to danger and warnings. Red can be an indication of caution as well as dangerous plants and insects in the natural world around the world. Green signifies go.

The wavelength of red light is the highest of all the available wavelengths(620-750 nm). Due to this, we can travel the largest distance.

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The difference in frequency between two interfering waves determines the frequency of the beat that is observed. Specifically, the beat frequency is equal to the absolute value of the difference in frequency between the two waves. However, we can say that the case with the greater difference in frequency between the original waves will produce more pronounced beats on the trace.

Let's call these differences Δf1 and Δf2:

Δf1 = |f1 - f2|

Δf2 = |f1 - f3|

The pair of waves with the greater difference in frequency will have a larger beat frequency and produce more distinct beats. The one with the larger absolute value will have a greater difference in frequency.

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Answer:

Circular orbits, which were believed to be perfect and uniform, but were later shown to be elliptical by Johannes Kepler. Another flaw was that it relied on the idea of epicycles, which were additional circular orbits used to explain the observed irregularities in the motions of the planets. Despite these flaws, Copernicus's model marked a major step forward in astronomical understanding by proposing a heliocentric model, in which the Earth and other planets revolved around the sun, instead of the Earth being the center of the universe.

Nicolaus Copernicus was a Renaissance-era astronomer and mathematician who is famous for his heliocentric model of the solar system. The Copernican model proposed that the Sun, rather than the Earth, was at the center of the universe, and the planets, including Earth, orbited around it. This model was a significant improvement over the earlier geocentric models that placed Earth at the center of the universe. However, Copernicus's model still had some significant flaws.

One major flaw in Copernicus's model was that it assumed that the planets moved in perfect circles around the Sun. In reality, the orbits of planets are elliptical, meaning they are more like stretched-out circles. Copernicus's model failed to account for this, and as a result, it could not accurately predict the positions of the planets.

Johannes Kepler, a contemporary of Copernicus, recognized this flaw and eventually developed his three laws of planetary motion, which accurately described the elliptical orbits of the planets. Kepler's laws replaced Copernicus's assumption of circular orbits and helped to refine our understanding of the solar system.

Another flaw in Copernicus's model was its inability to explain retrograde motion. Retrograde motion is the apparent backward motion of planets in the sky. Copernicus's model suggested that this motion was caused by the planets moving in circular orbits around the Sun, with Earth sometimes overtaking and passing them. However, this explanation was incomplete and did not account for the complex motions of the planets.

It was not until later when astronomers like Tycho Brahe, Kepler, and Galileo Galilei made more precise observations and developed more accurate models that the flaws in Copernicus's model were fully recognized. Nonetheless, Copernicus's model represented a significant step forward in our understanding of the universe, and it paved the way for the development of more accurate models.

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The equation for centripetal acceleration can be written as follows : a = v² / r = (rw)² / r = r × w² , the relationship between angular velocity and linear velocity : v = r × w

A.The following equation can be used to calculate the centripetal acceleration during a circular motion:

Consider a particle of mass m traveling at an angular velocity w in a circle of radius r. The particle's velocity is calculated as v = rw, where v is its linear velocity.

The net force exerted on the particle can be calculated using Newton's second law as follows:

                                      F = m × a,

where a is the particle's acceleration.

The centripetal force is the net force exerted on the particle, which must be directed toward the circle's center.

As a result, the equation for centripetal acceleration can be written as follows:

                     a = v² / r = (rw)² / r

                               = r × w²

This equation is usually written as:

                                       a = r × w².

According to Newton's third law of motion, there is an equal and opposite reaction to every action. The gravitational force exerted by the moon in this system is the same as that exerted by the Earth in this system. Newton's third law of motion, also known as the action-reaction pair of forces, describes this phenomenon.

B) (i) The equation below describes the gravitational force that is exerted on the moon:

                               F =G × (m_earth × m_moon) / r²

G is the gravitational constant, m_earth is the Earth's mass, m_moon is the moon's mass, and r is the distance between the Earth's and moon's centers.                  

(ii) We need to divide the circumference of the moon's circular path by its linear velocity in order to determine the time it takes for the moon to complete one complete revolution around the Earth:

                          C = 2 × pi × r

                               v = C / T

where C is the circumference of the moon's circular path, r is the circular path radius, T is the time it takes to complete one revolution, and v is the moon's linear velocity.

We obtain: by substituting the values:

                 C = 2 × pi × 400000 km = 800000 × pi km

                            v = C / T = (800000 × pi km) / T

We need to know the moon's angular velocity in order to calculate the time. These numbers indicate the relationship between angular velocity and linear velocity :

                       v = r × w

Substituting the values, we get:

                                T = C / (r × w)

                        = (800000 × pi km) / (400000 km × w)

                               = 2 × pi / w

Since the angular velocity w is not specified, it is not possible to determine how long it would take for the moon to complete one complete revolution around the Earth.

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It is false to say that the viscosity of Newtonian fluids does not change with temperature.

A Newtonian fluid is one in which the local strain rate, or the rate of change of its deformation over time, is linearly connected to the viscous stresses resulting from its flow at every place. The rate at which the fluid's velocity vector changes determines how much stress is there.

The viscosity of Newtonian liquids is temperature-dependent, meaning that the viscosity reduces as the temperature rises. Generally speaking, the higher the viscosity, the faster the viscosity drops as the temperature rises.

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Answer:

  C.  16.3 m/s

Explanation:

You want to know the final velocity of the combined mass of a 2130 kg car at 21.5 m/s after collision with a 2240 kg car at 11.4 m/s in the same direction. Momentum is conserved.

The momentum of each object is the product of its mass and velocity. When momentum is conserved, the momentum of the mass after the collision is the same as that before the collision.

  m1·v1 +m2·v2 = (m1 +m2)·v3

Then the velocity after the collision is ...

  v3 = (m1·v1 +m2·v2)/(m1 +m2)

You may recognize this as the weighted average of the initial velocities, where the weights are the respective masses of the objects.

  v3 = (2130·21.5 +2240·11.4)/(2130 +2240) ≈ 16.3

The final velocity is 16.3 m/s, matching choice C.

The intensity of the buzzing sound of the mosquito will be 10⁻⁸ W/m².

The intensity of a sound is the power of the sound in the unit of Watts divided by the area which the sound covers in square meters. The loudness of a sound is related to the intensity of any given sound to the intensity at the threshold of hearing capacity. Intensity is measured in decibels (dB).

Intensity level = β = 40 dB

The intensity of this mosquito buzzing sound (I).

The formula to find intensity level is

β = 10 log₁₀ (I/I₁₀)

Here, we have to put the values of β and I₀ (10⁻¹² W/m²)

40 = 10 log₁₀ (I/ 10⁻¹²)

I = 10⁻¹²antilog₁₀(4)

I = 10⁻¹²× 10⁴

I = 10⁻⁸ W/m²

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Aphelion distance from the sun when a comet has a perihelion distance of 0.79 a.u. and an orbital period of 54 years to the nearest thousandth of an a.u. is  3.13 * 2 = 6.26  astronomical units.

We may use Kepler's third rule of planetary motion, which stipulates that the square of a planet's orbital period (P) is proportional to the cube of its semi-major axis (a). It may be written mathematically as:

P^2 = a^3

where P represents the orbital period in years and a represents the semi-major axis in astronomical units. The semi-major axis is half the distance between the aphelion (the farthest point from the sun) and the perihelion (closest point to the sun).

Because the perihelion distance in this example is 0.79 astronomical units and the orbital period is 54 years, we can plug these numbers into the equation:

54^2 = a^3

a = (54^2)^(1/3)

When we compute the cubic root, we get:

3.13 a.u. = about 3.13 a.u.

The semi-major axis is around 3.13 astronomical units, and the aphelion distance is about 3.13 * 2 = 6.26 astronomical units.

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A compound light microscope is a type of microscope that enlarges an item so that its details may be studied.

The electromagnetic radiation that is visible to the human eye. At a constant speed of 299,792,458 meters per second, light moves through space with both wave-like and particle-like characteristics (in a vacuum).

A compound light microscope's major parts are an objective lens, mounted below the stage, which enlarges the image, and an eyepiece lens, mounted above the stage, which enlarges the image even more for the viewer.

A compound light microscope features an electric light source, which produces a constant and controllable amount of light, in contrast to conventional microscopes, which rely on natural light sources.

The amount of light that filters through the stage and the specimen can be adjusted by twisting a knob or moving a lever on this electric light source. This function is crucial since uneven lighting might make it difficult to see the specimen and generate glare and washed-out images.

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Meniscus height is [tex]9.79 * 10^-3[/tex] m which can be calculated by relation between surface tension, liquid density and acceleration due to gravity.

It is given that d = 1.5 mm

Meniscus height can be calculated as:

h = [tex](2T)/dPg[/tex]

where T: Surface Tension

P: Liquid density

g = 9.8 [tex]m/s^{2}[/tex]

T = [tex]72 * 10^-3 N/m[/tex] that is applicable to water

P = [tex]10^3 kg/m^3[/tex]

g = 9.8 [tex]m/s^2[/tex]

d = [tex]1.5 * 10^-3 m[/tex]

Plug these values in equation h = [tex](2T)/dPg[/tex]

h = [tex](2*72*10^-3 N/m)/(1.5*10^-3m * 10^3 kg/m^3 * 9.8 m/s^2)[/tex]

h = [tex]9.79 * 10^-3 m[/tex]

Therefore, meniscus height is [tex]9.79 * 10^-3[/tex] m

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The spring constant is 2.5 ft-lb/ft.

Spring constant is a physical constant associated with a spring in a mechanical system. It is a measure of the stiffness of the spring, and is equal to the ratio of the force applied to the spring to the resulting displacement of the spring. The spring constant is usually denoted by the letter k. The unit of the spring constant is newtons per meter (N/m). In a linear system, the spring constant is a constant, and does not depend on the magnitude of the force applied or the displacement of the spring. The spring constant of a system is determined by the material properties of the spring and its geometry.

The spring constant, or stiffness, of a spring is defined as the amount of force (in units of force, such as pounds or Newtons) required to stretch the spring a certain amount (in units of distance, such as feet or meters).

Spring Constant = Work / Distance = 10 ft-lb / 4 ft = 2.5 ft-lb/ft.

Therefore, the spring constant is 2.5 ft-lb/ft.

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The five points (all from science) to back the second premise up (The universe began to exist) are:

Einstein's theory of General Relativity

Galaxy seeds

Second Law of Thermodynamics

Expanding universe

Radiation echo

What is thermodynamics?

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The strain in the rope will be less than the weight of the box when I pull parallel to the hill while sliding a box up it at a consistent speed.

We can observe from the preceding figure that the sine component of weight balances the tension force. Additionally, because the box is travelling at a constant speed, the block experiences no acceleration, and as a result, there is no net force acting on the block. (The block is in static equilibrium, for example) The force balancing equation may be written as T - mgsin0 =0=T= mgsin0 (a) The amount of strain won't be more than it would be if the box were stationary because there isn't any friction present in this situation.

(b,c,d) We may assume that the tension T will be smaller than the weight of the box since sin theta is between -1 and 1. Thus, the appropriate choice is (d)

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Answer:

6.67 Nm/s

Explanation:

As we know, the rate at which work is done is called power.

Power = Work done/ Time

Power = F * D / T

Where,

F = Force

D = Distance

T = Time

Given,

F = 10N

D = 20m

T = 30s

Power = 10*20/30

Power = 200/30

Power = 6.67 Nm/s

Hope it helps! :)

Answer:

6.67 watts

Explanation:

power=force × velocity

10×20÷30

=6.67 watts