The type of seeds is the primary distinction between angiosperms and gymnosperms. Gymnosperms have seeds, whereas angiosperm seeds are contained within a fruit.
A class of plants known as angiosperms are distinguished by their capacity to produce flowers and fruits. The size of this plant family is unparalleled.Angiosperms are flowering and fruiting plants. Plants known as angiosperms are distinguished by bearing flowers and fruit unlike angiosperms.
The photosynthesis pigments of green algae are most likely to be related to those of angiosperms.Reproductive cloning is the deliberate generation of genetically identical individuals. Each newly produced individual is a copy of the first. Using somatic cell nuclear transfer, reproductive cloning produces an animal that is genetically identical to a donor animal.During reproductive cloning, the newly created embryo is brought back to the uterus so it can implant and grow. Dolly the sheep is arguably the most well-known illustration. Therapeutic cloning aims to create embryonic cell lines.
To know more about angiosperms visit:
https://brainly.com/question/28274809
#SPJ4
would you agree that in the united states it has become more difficult to find and maintain friendships?
Other noteworthy explanations for why Americans find it difficult to establish new acquaintances as adults include obligations to their families (29 percent), a lack of interests that allow them to interact with others (28 percent) and moving to a new city (21 percent).
Adults are open to suggestions for growing their social circle, despite the fact that they feel the effort to make new acquaintances to be quite genuine. In fact, 45% of those surveyed admit that, given the chance or the right circumstances, they would go above and beyond to create new acquaintances.
The finest and most undervalued way to meet people in person is still the best option for the 45 percent of people who are wanting to make new acquaintances. Tell each of your guests to bring a friend and organize a party or something more casual, like happy hour or book club, according to Piera Pizzo, Evite's in-house party guru.
To know more about acquaintances:
https://brainly.com/question/2176318
#SPJ4
what type of jurisdiction does the united states court of appeals have?
The declared value of the stock is an appropriate way to determine the cost of a plant asset when it is purchased through the issuing of common stock.
The ownership interest in a company is represented by common stock, a type of tradeable asset or security.You have the right to vote on topics like corporate policies and board of director decisions if you possess common stock in a corporation. Common stock is merely one type of stock that can be traded publicly.So each share of common stock represents a specific percentage of a firm; in other words, it's a technique of assigning corporate ownership.In the case of a company with 100 outstanding shares, one share would equal 1% ownership.To learn more about common stock here:
https://brainly.com/question/13762106
#SPJ4
true or false: boys have a small advantage over girls in strength during early adolescence and a substantial advantage after puberty. group of answer choices
True: boys have a small advantage over girls in strength during early adolescence and a substantial advantage after puberty.
Society has invented the concept of adolescence. In pre-industrial civilization, children were treated as adults when they reached physical maturity. Adolescence, a lengthier phase between childhood and adulthood known in modern civilisation, exists. The usual age range for this stage of development is between 12 and 18 years, and it has a number of regular milestones. Adolescence is the time of development that starts at puberty and concludes at early adulthood or emerging adulthood.
Adolescents have rapid development in a short amount of time, second only to neonatal development. Children reach adolescence, when they achieve 50% of their adult body weight, go through puberty, become sexually mature, and undergo a remarkable change in their brains. These developments all take place in the midst of quickly growing social spheres. Teenagers start to learn about the obligations and connections of adulthood.
To know more about adolescence:
https://brainly.com/question/9506316
#SPJ4
Correct Question:
true or false: boys have a small advantage over girls in strength during early adolescence and a substantial advantage after puberty.
when first learning to drive a manual transmission car, we are often aware of our processing and it seems to take all of our attention to coordinate our actions. this is an example of
We are frequently conscious of our processing when learning to drive a manual transmission car, and it seems to require all of our attention to coordinate our actions. Proactive interference.
According on the information in the Proactive interference it may be concluded that this example perfectly illustrates the idea of proactive interference. This idea relates to how previously learned behaviours or knowledge can conflict with more recent behaviours or knowledge that you have gained. In this case, you keep pulling out the stops because your more distant memories are obstructing your more recent ones.
Complete question:
when first learning to drive a manual transmission car, we are often aware of our processing and it seems to take all of our attention to coordinate our actions. This example illustrates:_________.
To know more about Proactive interference visit:
https://brainly.com/question/15052179
#SPJ4
during a trial to determine whether dr. smith was liable for medical malpractice, dr. smith testified in his own defense. legally, dr. smith's testimony was:
B) During a trial to determine whether Dr. Smith was liable for medical malpractice, Dr. Smith testified in his own defense. Legally, Dr. Smith's testimony was Direct evidence.
Evidence is something given to support or refute an alleged fact, such as testimony, records, or physical items. Direct evidence is based on firsthand experience or direct observation of the witness. A fact is proven via actual evidence, not through inference or assumption. The fact has been proved beyond a reasonable doubt if the evidence is accurate. For instance, a witness might testify that he saw it raining outside before entering the courtroom.
That witness's testimony is concrete proof that it was pouring. Circumstantial evidence differs from direct evidence in that it relies on inference and is an indirect kind of proof. For instance, a witness claims to have seen someone enter the courthouse while wearing a raincoat that was coated in water drops. This testimony could corroborate the idea that it was raining outdoors, making it circumstantial evidence.
To know more about evidence:
https://brainly.com/question/15880833
#SPJ4
Correct Question
During a trial to determine whether Dr. Smith was liable for medical malpractice, Dr. Smith testified in his own defense. Legally, Dr. Smith's testimony was __________.
a. Real evidence
b. Direct evidence
c. Inadmissible
d. Unreliable
what are appropriate questions, as per the text, to ask yourself when trying to find a balance in your use of social media?
Is it keeping me from doing the necessary things? Is it widening my community? and Is it making me feel left out? are the three appropriate questions as per the text, to ask yourself when trying to find a balance in your use of social media.
Comparing your life to the carefully selected moments you see on social media, polished into the most ideal-looking representation of what life may be, is a common pitfall. There is no denying the connection between social media and mental health. These websites have dominated our daily lives to the point where they are now having an emotional impact on us.
You could become discouraged about your own achievements as a result. That doesn't mean social media can't support your ambitions, though! But if the people you follow, even unknowingly, make you feel horrible about your physique, family, career, or passions, it may be time to block them.
To learn more about social media, click at:
https://brainly.com/question/29549735
#SPJ4
when charlie completes his homework without complaining, he gets a sticker. once he has 10 stickers, he can earn a small prize. charlie now sits down and does his homework every night without complaining. his behavior is being
Charlie now makes no excuses for not doing his homework every night. His actions are being reinforced.
Charlie receives a sticker for finishing his homework without complaining. He can get a small prize once he has 10 stickers.
Positive reinforcement is the most efficient method for teaching a person or animal a new behavior. A desirable stimulus is added to a behavior in positive reinforcement.
For instance, you might promise Jerome, your five-year-old son, a toy if he cleans up his room. Jerome quickly organizes his space in order to buy a new art supply. Let's take a brief break. Why should I reward my child for following the rules, some people may ask. But in reality, we receive rewards in our lives on a regular basis. Paychecks, acceptance into our top schools, and good grades all serve as rewards.
Learn more about "Positive reinforcement " to visit here;
https://brainly.com/question/13648186
#SPJ4
cam was in a coffee shop. in the table next to him, a group of his students were talking about a party for their favorite teacher. he heard them talking and assumed the party was for him. cam is: select one: a. an intended receiver b. unintended receivers c. a side stream listener
Cam is an unintended receiver in this scenario. An unintended receiver is someone who overhears a communication but was not the intended recipient of the message. So option b is correct.
In this case, Cam was not the intended recipient of the message, as he was not the teacher for whom the party was being planned. In communication, there are often times when messages are overheard by people who were not the intended recipients. This can happen in a variety of situations, such as when people are talking in public spaces or when a message is transmitted through an open channel.
The presence of unintended receivers can have both positive and negative effects on communication. On the positive side, unintended receivers can sometimes provide valuable feedback or insights that the sender may not have considered. On the negative side, unintended receivers can also cause confusion, misinterpretation, and other types of miscommunication.
Learn more about communication at : https://brainly.com/question/22558440
#SPJ4
when entering a fax number, you press eight instead of nine, and the medical record you are faxing is sent to an incorrect location. this type of disclosure is considered an
When entering a fax number, you press eight instead of nine, and the medical record you are faxing is sent to an incorrect location. this type of disclosure is considered an accidental
The likelihood that PHI has been compromised can be calculated.
The risk to individuals whose PHI may have been compromised must be determined.
Calculating the likelihood of additional PHI disclosures
By conducting a risk assessment, the covered entity should be able to:
What kind of breach occurred
Whoever or whatever it was that viewed or obtained PHI
The different PHI types and other information that was used
Patients who could be affected, in terms of
Information has been disclosed to whom, or to what outside entity.
likelihood of information being revealed again
Amount to which risk has been reduced Whether PHI was actually obtained or viewed
To know more about Accidental disclosure here
https://brainly.com/question/26670019
#SPJ4
The band pearl jam originally named itself after which nba basketball player?
Pearl Jam is a popular rock band that has been around for over three decades. While many music fans are aware of the band, many are unaware that it is named after an NBA player.
The band began in 1990 and is still active today. They were originally known as Mookie Blaylock, after an NBA player drafted in 1989. A year after its formation, the band changed its name.
Pearl Jam is a popular rock band that has been around for over three decades. While many music fans are aware of the band, many are unaware that it is named after an NBA player.
The band began in 1990 and is still active today. The band began in 1990 and is still active today. They were originally known as Mookie Blaylock, after an NBA player drafted in 1989. A year after its formation, the band changed its name.
Learn more about Pearl Jam
https://brainly.com/question/4404534
#SPJ4
a number of scholars assert that it is not absolute deprivation that is associated with violence, but rather inequality that is sometimes referred to as .
A number of scholars assert that it is not absolute deprivation that is related with violence, but rather inequality that is sometimes referred to as relative deprivation.
Aggression may be stopped in many different ways. Levels of violence have a high correlation with countries' changeable characteristics, such as focused poverty, economic and gender inequality, hazardous alcohol consumption, and the lack of secure, dependable, and caring parent-child connections. Although physical and psychological health, individual reactions, personalities, and other factors have always been important determinants in the genesis of these behaviors, strategies that target the root reasons behind violence can be somewhat successful in reducing bloodshed.
Learn more about Violence here:
https://brainly.com/question/29650031
#SPJ4
disaster distribution at any time between 2018 and 2020?
When the president declares a catastrophe, the IRS will postpone some retirement plan and IRA deadlines for taxpayers in affected areas.
Hurricanes, tornadoes, flooding, earthquakes, and wildfires are the most common types of disasters. Check the status of your third stimulus check by using the IRS Get My Payment tool, which is available in both English and Spanish. If you haven't received your third stimulus payment, file your 2020 tax return or use GetCTC.org (available until November 15, 2022) if you don't have to file.
Turbotax appears to inquire if you took money out of your retirement account due to a covid or other tragedy.
Learn more about disasters
https://brainly.com/question/19427105
#SPJ4
las casas is highly critical of spanish mistreatment of the indigenous. is he critical of the overall spanish colonizing mission?
Despite the Pope having granted Spain control over the New World, De Las Casas insisted that the native populations still had the property and rights to their own creations.
The fact that Indians were subjects of the Spanish monarch meant that treating them as less than human was against the rules of God, nature, and Spain. Las Casas portrayed the Indians as being unintelligent. Since they believed they were angels sent from heaven, they treated the Spanish well before the persecution started. When discussing how the indigenous weapons are utilized, Las Casas makes a similar comparison to young boys.
Response and defense Bartolome de las Casas was adopting a very hazardous stance by backing the Spanish, who had used great brutality against the American Indians, due to the possibility for insulting them.
To know more about spanish on
https://brainly.com/question/28823469
#SPJ4
after the first few words, vocabulary development is very fast and very efficient. young children are able to associate new words with objects after only one exposure; this is an ability called:
Young children are able to associate new words with objects after only one exposure, this is an ability called fast mapping.
In cognitive psychology, the term fast mapping refers to the hypothesized mental process whereby a new concept is learned based only on minimal exposure to a given unit of information. It is the ability to obtain a word rapidly based on minimal information. It postulates that children can learn a word based on a single exposure as they are 'fast' at picking the word up and determining how to use it.
It assumes that children are able to achieve fast-mapping as their initial word meanings are skeletal placeholders that extended gradually over time. Psychologists Susan Carey and Elsa Bartlett pioneered research on fast mapping in the 1970s and 1980s, demonstrated that children can learn a word and its meaning based on a single exposure to the word.
Learn more about Fast mapping:
https://brainly.com/question/15102286
#SPJ4
once students decode well, which statement describes the relationship between vocabulary and reading comprehension?
Once students have developed strong decoding skills, vocabulary knowledge is a crucial factor in reading comprehension. The relationship between vocabulary and reading comprehension can be described as follows:
Vocabulary knowledge plays a key role in a reader's ability to comprehend what they are reading. Readers with a rich vocabulary are able to understand the meaning of words in context and make connections between new and familiar words, which enhances their overall comprehension.
Without a solid understanding of the words being used, readers may struggle to fully comprehend the text. This can lead to frustration and a decreased motivation to read, as well as difficulties in understanding the main ideas, making inferences, and retaining information.
In summary, the relationship between vocabulary and reading comprehension is that vocabulary knowledge supports and enhances comprehension, while a lack of vocabulary can hinder it.
For such more question on comprehension
https://brainly.com/question/24716030
#SPJ4
janavi and mehmet are the parents in this family: all others on the gel are children. son ravi is born with the blood disorder but daughter prita does not have the disorder. does anyone else in the family have the disorder? explain.
Yes one of the parent has the disorder. This is sickle cell trait which is caused by a recessive allele.
A recessive allele is what causes sickle cell anemia, a genetic condition. The hemoglobin in red blood cells in people with sickle cell anemia changes, causing them to take on the form of crescents rather than disks. The disease may harm blood vessels and cause pain. A man and a woman who are both carriers of sickle cell anemia meet with a genetic counselor.
One copy of the sickle cell allele and one copy of the normal hemoglobin-making allele are carried by carriers. It would appear that the sickle cell trait is an adaptation for malaria prevention. If two defective copies of the gene for the oxygen-carrying protein hemoglobin are passed down from one generation to the next, the condition known as sickle cell trait results in abnormally shaped red blood cells.
learn about sickle cell
https://brainly.com/question/9516822
#SPJ4
You are eating lunch with a friend and she chokes on a shrimp. you attempt the heimlich. she becomes limp and unresponsive. what do you do?
In the given scenario one would Make sure scene is safe. Check for responsiveness. and Call for help/911.
The Heimlich maneuver, also known as the Heimlich maneuver, is a first aid technique for treating foreign object-induced upper airway obstructions. It is frequently said that the American doctor Henry Heimlich invented it.To perform the Heimlich maneuver, wrap your arms around a person and clasp them with one hand while making a fist with the other.
You make a fist and insert your hands into the victim's abdomen until the object is released.For infants, place your infant face down on your forearm and hold their jaw with one hand.Put your arm in front of your leg. With the heel of your other hand, deal the child five quick, forceful blows between the shoulder blades.
For more details regarding Heimlich maneuver, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/3493893
#SPJ4
this type of terrorist has no formal connection to and doesn't receive material supply from a terrorist movement, but has a psychological affinity with one:
The term "lone wolf" terrorist is frequently used to describe this kind of terrorist. A lone wolf terrorist acts alone and is not formally affiliated with any other terrorist organisation.
A "lone wolf" terrorist is a common term for this kind of terrorist. An individual terrorist known as a "lone wolf" acts alone and is not formally affiliated with any other terrorist organisation. Instead, they commit terrorist attacks in the name of an idea or cause that they have a psychological attachment for. As the perpetrator is not a member of a broader network that law enforcement can monitor or penetrate, this kind of terrorism can be exceptionally challenging to identify and prevent. However, lone wolf terrorism has grown to be a serious security issue, and authorities need to discover a mechanism to identify and stop such perpetrators before they cause harm.
learn more about terrorist here:
https://brainly.com/question/15203676
#SPJ4
authoritarian governments tend to ignore rules limiting their power, if there are any rules. t/f
The statement given in the question is True.
An authoritarian government, usually referred to as a dictatorship, is one in which the affairs of the specific nation are controlled, managed, and directed by a single individual who serves as the only administrator.
As a result, they are forced to make decisions without contacting any other government officials and do not listen to anybody else.
Therefore, if there are any regulations limiting their authority, authoritarian administrations prefer to disregard them.
Idi Amin's Ugandan regime is one example of a totalitarian one.In authoritarian regimes, the government has unrestricted authority, and the populace is unable to resist the government's dictates.
For such more question on authoritarian
https://brainly.com/question/1423031
#SPJ4
marriage, childbirth, and divorce constitute the that shape the consumption pattern of individuals. group of answer choices critical life events product life cycle social status post-puberty cycles psychological life cycle
The correct option is E ; Critical life events , Marriage, childbirth, and divorce are key life events that shape an individual's consumption pattern.
Consumer involvement can be described as the consumer's level of engagement and active processing in response to a marketing stimuli (e.g., from viewing an ad or evaluating a product or service).
Changing consumption habits have far-reaching consequences for biodiversity. A meat-based diet, for example, uses more resources (land, water, and energy) than a plant-based one, affecting greater habitat area and producing more CO2.
It can financially and mentally destabilize couples, as well as harm their social standing. The harmful effects of divorce on children reveal extremely complex issues.
Learn more about consumption pattern.
https://brainly.com/question/29788561
#SPJ4
Full Question;
Marriage, childbirth, and divorce constitute the ________ that shape the consumption pattern of individuals.
A) psychological life cycle
B) product life cycle
C) social status
D) postpuberty cycles
E) critical life events
What is an example of a nongovernmental organization that helps protect Earth’s resources?
An example of non-governmental organization that helps protect Earth's resources is the Nature Conservancy.
The Nature Conservancy (TNC) is a worldwide ecological association settled in Arlington, Virginia. Starting around 2021 it works through offshoots or branches in 79 nations and regions, as well as across each state in the US.
Established in 1951, The Nature Conservancy has north of 1,000,000 individuals universally starting around 2021, and has safeguarded in excess of 119,000,000 sections of land (48,000,000 ha) of land in its history.[4] Starting around 2014, it is the biggest ecological non-benefit association by resources and income in the Americas.
Situated in 69 nations on 6 mainlands and every one of the 50 expresses, The Nature Conservancy has saved above and beyond 120 million sections of land and huge number of miles of waterways all through its 65-years of activity. With more than 1,000,000 individuals and 600 researchers, The Nature Conservancy attempts to shield environments from prairies to coral reefs, from Australia to The Frozen North to Zambia.
To know more about non-governmental organization,visit here:
https://brainly.com/question/29888570
#SPJ4
a limitation on the number of times a person can be elected to the same office in a state legislature is referred to as a(n)
A limitation on the number of times a person can be elected to the same office in a state legislature is referred to as a(n) Electoral reforms.
In the United Kingdom, the House of Lords is the upper house of Parliament. The members of this house are referred to as Peers, and the Queen frequently selects them for life.As a result, the phrase "Members are elected by their respective districts" can only refer to the House of Commons because they are not elected.
There are two parts to the English parliament: The House of Lords and the House of Commons The purpose of the house of Lords is to discuss any proposed new lands. The House of Commons is there to talk about possible changes to the law that need to be made.In order to examine the current state of affairs in England and draft legislation to address or handle the issues facing the nation, these two houses must collaborate.
Learn about house of commons
https://brainly.com/question/20329838
#SPJ4
2. Government should stop the extension of .....
Government should stop the extension of long time subsidy
What is the Government about?A subsidy is a form of financial support provided by the government to individuals, businesses, or organizations to reduce the cost of certain goods or services. The extension of subsidies can have both positive and negative effects on the economy.
Therefore, On the positive side, subsidies can help to make essential goods or services more affordable, increase demand, and support businesses and industries. This can have a positive impact on the overall economy by stimulating growth, creating jobs, and improving the standard of living for citizens.
Learn more about Government at:
https://brainly.com/question/1078669
#SPJ1
what are five methods of army communications?
Answer: alert measurement systems
cryptography
military radio systems
nuclear command and control
signal corps
network-centric warfare
Explanation: I study
Five methods of army communications include radio communication, satellite communication, telephone communication, computer communication, and visual communication.
Radio communication is the most common method and includes the use of handheld or vehicle-mounted radios for voice and data transmission. Satellite communication involves the use of satellites to transmit data and voice communication over long distances.
Telephone communication includes the use of landlines, cell phones, and other types of voice communication technology. Computer communication involves the use of computers, laptops, and other digital devices to transmit and receive data.
Finally, visual communication includes the use of signal flags, flares, and other types of visual signaling to communicate over short distances or in situations where radio or satellite communication is not possible.
Each of these methods has its advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of method will depend on a range of factors, including the situation, the distance between communicating parties, the level of security required, and the technology available.
In the modern army, a combination of these methods is often used to ensure effective communication in a range of situations.
To know more about satellite communication click on below link:
https://brainly.com/question/1225053#
#SPJ11
Which of the following is not a business enterprise?
Limited unregistered business
(I think)
which of the functions of management includes getting others to get the job done, maintaining morale, and motivating subordinates?
Answer: Leading
Explanation: my big brain
The function of management that includes getting others to get the job done, maintaining morale, and motivating subordinates is known as "leading."
Leading is a critical function of management, as it involves directing and influencing others to achieve organizational goals. A manager who is effective at leading is able to motivate and inspire their subordinates, build strong teams, and maintain positive relationships with stakeholders .
In addition to motivating subordinates, leading also involves setting clear goals and objectives, communicating effectively, and providing guidance and support to team members.
A good leader is able to inspire trust and respect, and is able to adapt their leadership style to meet the needs of different situations and individuals.
To know more about stakeholders click on the below link:
https://brainly.com/question/28625232#
#SPJ11
What was life like in Northern and Western Africa after the establishment of the trade networks in Ancient Ghana?
Life in Northern and Western Africa after the establishment of trade networks in Ancient Ghana was characterized by the growth of several civilizations and kingdoms.
What was Ancient Ghana ?
The networks of trade that were built in ancient Ghana connected different sections of Africa to other parts of the world, including the Middle East and Europe. The cities of Northern and Western Africa flourished and developed into hubs of trade and culture as a result of the trade. For instance, the Kingdom of Ghana grew to be one of the most powerful nations in West Africa, and Koumbi Saleh, the capital, was a vibrant hub for politics, education, and trade. The expansion of Islam in the area was also influenced by the expansion of trade.
The religion was introduced to West Africa by Muslim traders, and it gradually took over as the main religion in many regions of Northern and Western Africa.
To know more about Ancient Ghana , check out :
https://brainly.com/question/1869457
#SPJ1
Which of the following would be the BEST title for the diagram?
Answer:
hi :)
Explanation:
The Best Title for the Diagram is "Effect of Temperature on the Solubility of Sugar in Water".
Which of the following terms describes the idea that loyalty should not be to a king or empire but to
a nation of people who share a common culture and history?
separatism
unification
socialism
nationalism
Nationalism terms describes the idea that loyalty should not be to a king or empire but to a nation of people who share a common culture and history.
What is Nationalism?
The notion and movement of nationalism asserts that the state and the country should coexist. As a movement, it seeks to advance the interests of a certain nation (i.e., a group of people), particularly with the objective of establishing and preserving the nation's sovereignty (self-governance) over its native territory. It asserts that each country should be allowed to rule itself without intervention from outsiders (self-determination), that a nation is the only legitimate foundation for a polity, and that a nation is a natural and ideal base for one. It also tries to create and preserve a unified national identity based on a variety of social traits that are common to all members of that nation, including culture, ethnicity, geography, language, politics (or the government), and religion.
To study more about Nationalism
https://brainly.com/question/3853496
#SPJ1
is it possible for each of the following to be used in the same study (on the same units)? explain or give an example of such a study. (a) a placebo and a double-blind procedure
A placebo and a double-blind procedure used in the same study (on the same units. In this case option A is correct.
When given the chance, your mind can be a potent healing tool. It's been known for millennia that your brain can trick your body into believing a fake treatment is the real deal—a phenomenon known as the placebo effect—and thereby promote healing.
Science has now discovered that a placebo can be just as effective as conventional treatments in the right situations.
"Believing a treatment or procedure will be effective is just one aspect of the placebo effect. Professor Ted Kaptchuk, whose work on the placebo effect is affiliated with Harvard University's Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, says that the goal is to strengthen the relationship between the brain and body and how they interact.
Both your cholesterol and a tumor won't shrink with a placebo. Instead, placebos work on symptoms that are affected by
To know more about placebo here
https://brainly.com/question/5069588
#SPJ4
Is it possible for each of the following to be used in the same study (on the same units)? Explain or give an example of such a study.
a. A placebo and a double-blind procedure.
b. A matched-pair design and a retrospective study.
c. A case–control study and random assignment of treatments.