what would happen if a new geographical barrier cut the range of E. e. platensis in half?

a. Cell wall is found in plant and algae cells but not in animal cells.

what in common does plant and algae cells have ?

Plant and algae cells are surrounded by a rigid, protective cell wall composed of cellulose, which provides structure and support. Animal cells, on the other hand, do not have a cell wall and are instead surrounded by a flexible cell membrane.

Both plant, algae and animal cells contain a nucleus, which is the membrane-bound organelle that houses the cell's genetic material.

Both plant, algae and animal cells also contain an endoplasmic reticulum, which is an organelle involved in protein synthesis and lipid metabolism.

Both plant, algae and animal cells also contain mitochondria, which are organelles responsible for producing energy through cellular respiration.

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The triacylglycerols are synthesized by dihydroxyacetone phosphate during times of starvation via a process known as glyceroneogenesis. The correct option is Option A.

Glyceroneogenesis is a metabolic pathway where glycerol 3-phosphate is synthesized from precursors like glucose.  Glycerol 3-phosphate is generated from glucose by the process of  glycolysis, but then concentration of glucose drops in the cytosol, then it is generated by a pathway called glyceroneogenesis. It uses pyruvate, alanine, glutamine and many others from the TCA cycle. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPC-K) is the enzyme that catalyzes the decarboxylation of oxaloacetate to phosphoenolpyruvate . This is the main regulator for this pathway. Glyceroneogenesis can be observed in adipose tissue and also in the liver. It is a significant biochemical pathway that regulates cytosolic lipid levels. Intense suppression of glyceroneogenesis may lead to metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes.

The main precursors of glyceroneogenesis are pyruvate, lactate, glutamine, and alanine. Glyceroneogenesis is also known as the branched pathway of gluconeogenesis because the first few steps in glyceroneogenesis are exactly the same as gluconeogenesis.

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type of bacterial cell arrangement with its proper description

Tetrad - Spheres in a group of four

Staphylococcus -Grape like (irregular) clusters of spheres

Sarcina - Cubical packet of 8,16, or more spherical cells

Streptobacillus - Chain of Rods

The forms of bacteria are recognisable. Cocci (round or ellipsoidal cells, such as those found in Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus, respectively) are the most prevalent microscopic morphologies, followed by rods (such as Bacillus and Clostridium species), long, filamentous branched cells (such as Actinomyces species), comma-shaped cells (such as those found in Vibrio cholerae), and spiral cells (such as those found in Additionally, different species or groups of bacteria have distinct cell arrangements. Some rods or cocci, such as Staphylococcus aureus, produce clusters of spherical cells resembling grapes, whereas other round cocci form cubic packets as their typical growth pattern. Other types of bacteria have distinct cell growth patterns. In order to classify and diagnose, it is useful to look at things under a microscope.

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The general classes of the cell components of whole blood are  leukocytes (white blood cells), erythrocytes (red blood cells), and the thrombocytes (platelets).

In the term of biology, Blood generally can be defined as a specialized body fluid. Blood has four main components, such as white leukocytes (white blood cells), erythrocytes (red blood cells), and the thrombocytes (platelets), hormones, vitamin, oxygen, immune cells, and platelets. Blood has a function for circulates throughout our body delivering nutrients to various cells, oxygen and also tissues. In our body, blood has average adult possesses around 5-6 liters of blood and 8% of our body weight.

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Answer:

the nucleolus

Explanation: The nucleolus is the most prominent structure in the eukaryotic cell nucleus, with its high density and greater refractive index relative to the surrounding nucleoplasm rendering it readily detectable in cytological specimens by both light and electron microscopy

A cerebrum positron discharge tomography (PET) examination is an imaging trial of the mind. It utilizes a radioactive substance called a tracer to search for sickness or injury in the cerebrum.

Electroencephalography (EEG) First found about 100 years back, EEG estimates electrical exercises of the cerebrum from terminals put on the scalp. For the most part, EEG is gathered from tens to many terminals situated at various areas on the scalp.

An X-ray won't show any cerebrum movement however, countless specialists will suggest other mind imaging strategies first. It's more costly and harder to do an X-ray test so it's utilized provided that the specialist believes there's a strange development.

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Answer:

brain

Explanation:

the brain is responsible

Answer:

Cell polarity plays a critical role in cell function. A prime example is the epithelial cells utilizing apical-basal polarity to provide a barrier function against pathogens. Another example is cell migration which requires front-to-back polarity to allow cells to adhere to and detach from the ECM.

A structure composed of two or more tissue types working together to perform specific functions for the body is called an organ.

An organ is a complex structure in the body that is composed of two or more different types of tissues working together to perform specific functions. The different types of tissues are organized in a specific manner to achieve the organ's function.

For example, the stomach is an organ that is composed of several different types of tissues, including muscle tissue, glandular tissue, and epithelial tissue. The muscle tissue contracts and mixes the contents of the stomach, the glandular tissue produces digestive juices, and the epithelial tissue lines the inside of the stomach and protects it from the corrosive effects of digestive juices.

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No, not all the genes that determine a mouse's fur color interact equally.

This is referred to as the basic unit of heredity passed from parent to child and they are usually made up of sequences of DNA which is referred to as the genetic material of most living organisms.

Epistasis on the other hand is referred to as a circumstance where the expression of one gene is modified by the expression of one or more other genes such as in the case of a mouse coat color in which the mottled agouti coat color (A) is dominant to a solid coloration, such as black or gray.

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Climate change is causing alterations in temperatures, precipitation patterns and sea levels, which are negatively affecting biodiversity in ecosystems. For example, it is causing the loss of habitats for polar bears in the Arctic and coral reefs in tropical oceans.

Climate change refers to the long-term changes in the average weather patterns that have come to define Earth's local and regional climates.

These changes are primarily caused by increased levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, which trap more heat from the sun and warm the planet. As a result, temperatures are rising, precipitation patterns are changing, and sea levels are rising.

All of these impacts are having a negative effect on biodiversity, or the variety of life, in ecosystems.

For example, the loss of sea ice in the Arctic due to warming temperatures is causing the loss of habitat for polar bears, which rely on the ice to hunt and breed. As sea ice disappears, so do the polar bears' food sources, making it more difficult for the population to survive.

Another example is the decline of coral reefs in tropical oceans. Coral reefs are some of the most biodiverse ecosystems on the planet, providing habitat for thousands of species of fish, crustaceans, and other marine life.

However, warming oceans and ocean acidification, caused by increased levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, are causing coral reefs to bleach and die. This loss of coral reefs is having devastating effects on the species that depend on them for survival, leading to a decline in overall biodiversity in these ecosystems.

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An isotonic solution is one that has the same osmolarity, or solute concentration, as another solution. If these two solutions are separated by a semipermeable membrane, water will flow in equal parts from each solution to the other.

The effect is zero water flow between the two solutions, even though the water is moving in both directions. In biology, some cells must be maintained in an isotonic solution to support cellular functions. Examples of isotonic solutions are blood cells, osmoconformers, and osmoregulation.

While a hypotonic solution is a solution that has a lower osmotic pressure than other solutions. This is because a hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes than the concentration of solutes in other solutions, for example, saline solutions and intravenous fluids.

Hypertonic solutions are solutions that have a higher solute concentration than other solutions e.g. saline solutions and intravenous fluids.

High concentrations make water osmosis or flow out of a hypertonic solution (solute cannot cross the membrane so that the solvent or water osmosis). For example a Solution of 5% dextrose (sugar), and 0.45% sodium chloride.

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Sexual reproduction allows for genetic diversity, providing the ability to adapt to changing environments and resist diseases. Asexual reproduction, on the other hand, results in a lack of genetic diversity and makes the species vulnerable to environmental changes and diseases

Sexual reproduction provides genetic diversity, allowing a species to adapt to changing environments and increase their chances of survival. Asexual reproduction, on the other hand, produces offspring with identical genetic material, which may limit the ability of a species to adapt to changing conditions. Over time, asexual reproduction can result in the accumulation of harmful mutations, making the species more vulnerable to disease, environmental stress, and other challenges.

However, asexual reproduction can also have benefits, such as a faster rate of reproduction and increased population growth, which can be important for species survival in certain environments. In conclusion, both sexual and asexual reproduction have pros and cons and their effectiveness in a species' survival depends on the specific environmental conditions and the challenges they face.

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Answer:

the phospholipid bilayer prevents the diffusion of most molecules across the membrane due to the hydrophobic nature of the tails.

Explanation:

Life emerged from the water. Early life needed oxygen.

Life is eternal and coeternal with matter; it first appeared on Earth at or shortly after its creation.

A succession of developing chemical reactions led to the emergence of life on the early Earth. Such reactions might have been probable or might have needed one or more extremely unlikely chemical occurrences.

Life originated in water. Many theories were given by different scientists. Charles Darwin gave theory of natural selection, which is very useful to understand the evolution.

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Features would suggest that a sample of scientific writing uses empirical data to support its arguments because this kind of data is derived from experiments and observations in a scientific study.

Scientific writing shows evidence of deductive reasoning because deductive reasoning narrows a hypothesis and investigates it in greater depth. This method is what we use to see if the hypothesis is true. The scientific method is the process of testing and experimenting to objectively establish facts. The fundamental steps are making an observation, developing a hypothesis, making a prediction, carrying out an experiment, and then evaluating the outcomes.

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Ribosomes synthesize protein in conjunction with the Rough endoplasmic reticulum.

Ribosomes on the rough endoplаsmic reticulum аre cаlled ‘membrаne bound’ аnd аre responsible for the аssembly of mаny proteins. This process is cаlled trаnslаtion. Certаin cells of the pаncreаs аnd digestive trаct produce а high volume of protein аs enzymes. Mаny of the proteins аre produced in quаntity in the cells of the pаncreаs аnd the digestive trаct аnd function аs digestive enzymes.

The rough ER working with membrаne bound ribosomes tаkes polypeptides аnd аmino аcids from the cytosol аnd continues protein аssembly including, аt аn eаrly stаge, recognising а ‘destinаtion lаbel’ аttаched to eаch of them. Proteins аre produced for the plаsmа membrаne, Golgi аppаrаtus, secretory vesicles, plаnt vаcuoles, lysosomes, endosomes аnd the endoplаsmic reticulum itself.

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The organ is associated with ascites and requires removal of excess abdominal fluid via abdominocentesis is the liver

Ascites is an abnormal condition in which the abdomen is filled with excess fluid. This buildup of fluid causes the stomach to appear enlarged because fluid accumulates in leaky blood vessels. This is caused by liver failure or a decrease in the amount and production of albumin which functions to bind fluids.

The liver is an organ that is under the ribs on the right side of the stomach and plays a role in digesting food and ridding the body of toxins. An injured liver that lasts a long time and continuous scarring of the liver can cause a person to experience liver failure so that the liver does not function properly. Injuries that cause liver failure can be caused by viruses or alcohol. Liver failure can cause a person to experience ascites due to blockages in the veins in the liver so that the blood vessels leak and cause the abdomen to fill with fluid.

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The crosses wouldn't generally give an unexpected outcome in comparison to what might be generally anticipated on the off chance that the white‑eye characteristic was autosomal passive.

Crosses between evident reproducing white-looked-at females and red-peered toward guys would bring about half red-peered toward females and half white-peered toward guys in light of the fact that the white eye characteristic is connected to the X-chromosome and guys just acquire their X chromosome from their mom.

Calvin Extensions established that the uncommon white‑eyed guys delivered from the mating of true‑breeding red‑eyed females with white‑eyed guys came about because of a nondisjunction of X chromosomes in the female parent during meiosis.

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It takes 1279 s for the number of 1580 nuclei in a given sample to decrease by a factor of 1×[tex]10^{-3}[/tex].

The half-life of a quantity is the time it takes to decline to half of its starting value. In nuclear physics, the phrase is typically used to indicate how rapidly unstable atoms undergo radioactive decay or how long stable atoms survive. The word is often used to describe any form of exponential decay in general.

The biological half-life of medications and other compounds in the human body, for example, is referred to in the medical sciences. In exponential growth, the inverse of half-life is doubling time. Half-life is a characteristic unit for the exponential decay equation that is constant across the lifespan of an exponentially decaying quantity. The table that follows depicts the reduction of a quantity as a function of the number of half-lives elapsed.

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Whether the oil that spilled into the Gulf Coast would have been better or worse for the environment if it had been processed oil is difficult to determine as it would depend on various factors such as the amount, type and location of the spill, and the methods used to clean up the spill.

It is difficult to tell the impact of pollution in the deep ocean region because of the limited access to this region and the challenges of monitoring and measuring the effects of pollutants in this remote and harsh environment. The deep ocean is also a complex and interconnected system, so the impact of pollution may take years to emerge and be difficult to isolate and quantify.

Marine scientists can combat eutrophication by reducing nutrient inputs from human activities such as agricultural and wastewater runoff, and by promoting best practices for managing these inputs. They can also monitor and study the effects of eutrophication on marine ecosystems and develop strategies for restoring affected areas.

The layer of the ocean most impacted by the Great Pacific Garbage Patch is likely to be the surface layer, where plastic and other debris are carried by ocean currents. However, as the plastic and debris break down into smaller pieces, they may also impact deeper ocean layers.

The negative impact of tourism on marine ecosystems can be minimized by implementing sustainable tourism practices, such as reducing waste and energy consumption, promoting responsible wildlife interactions, and protecting sensitive marine habitats and ecosystems. Additionally, regulations and guidelines can be put in place to manage the impact of tourism on marine ecosystems, and education and outreach efforts can be used to raise awareness about the importance of protecting the oceans.

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Answer:

The control group is what the standard is in the experiment, it is what we're comparing the results to. Including a control helps draw a conclusion because it helps the research tell if there was truly a significant effect on an experimental group. Without a control group, threats of the placebo effect and other things would undermine the validity of the whole experiment.

Mutation of the DMD gene will result in absence of the dystrophin protein, leading to degeneration of muscle fibers. The body can replace (regenerate) some muscle fibers, but over time more and more muscle fiber is lost. Such degeneration leads to the symptoms and findings associated with DMD.

DMD occurs because the mutated DMD gene fails to produce virtually any functional dystrophin. Individuals with BMD genetic mutations make dystrophin that is partially functional, which protects their muscles from degenerating as badly or as quickly as in DMD.

Dystrophin is made by an X-chromosome gene, DMD is caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene. These mutations can cause dystrophin production to cease entirely or to produce a truncated, non-functional form of the protein.

It is a hereditary condition that inhibits dystrophin synthesis, a protein that is essential for muscle function. Dystrophin deficiency causes gradual muscle deterioration and weakening in people with DMD.

Muscles are vulnerable to injury and damage when dystrophin levels are low. This causes muscle weakness and atrophy over time, which can eventually impair the heart and breathing muscles. Dystrophin deficiency also impairs the proper functioning of the muscle cell membrane, making muscle cells more vulnerable to harm and increasing the chance of muscle degeneration.

In short, persons with DMD are unable to make dystrophin due to dystrophin gene mutations. This lack of dystrophin causes gradual muscle degeneration and weakening, making daily activities difficult for people with DMD and potentially leading to life-threatening problems.

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The belief that there must be a way for nature and nature alone, to generate new and meaningful information (encoded in DNA, such that new and previously non-existent traits arise, giving rise to new and previously nonexistent kinds of organisms) is known as None of the above, option D.

The neo-Darwinian theory of evolution is an updated version of Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection. It takes into account recent discoveries in genetics, including the discovery of DNA as the genetic material, and the mechanisms of inheritance and mutation.

According to this theory, genetic variation arises through mutations and is passed on to offspring. This belief is not referred to by any of the listed options. It is a combination of ideas from evolution and genetics and is often referred to as the "modern synthesis."

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F=1660113 N force is exerted on a human body with a surface area of 1.8m^2.

What is Atmospheric pressure ?

Atmospheric pressure, also known as air pressure, is the force exerted by the weight of the atmosphere on the surface of the Earth. It is expressed in units of pressure, such as kilopascals (kPa), hectopascals (hPa), or pounds per square inch (psi). The atmospheric pressure at sea level is typically taken as a standard reference, and it is about 1013 hPa or 14.7 psi.

Atmospheric pressure is an important factor in many aspects of weather and climate, as it affects the distribution of temperature, moisture, and wind across the Earth's surface. Changes in atmospheric pressure can cause changes in weather, such as the formation of high and low pressure systems, and they can also impact human health and well-being, as certain types of weather conditions can lead to headaches, joint pain, and other symptoms. In addition, atmospheric pressure plays a crucial role in various technological applications .

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The data for the population growth would be as follows:

2000: 230

2001: 230

2002: 230

2003: 230

2004: 230

2005: 230

2006: 230

2007: 230

2008: 230

2009: 230

2010: 230

2011: 230 * 2 = 460

2012: 460 * 2 = 920

2013: 920 * 2 = 1840

2014: 1840 * 2 = 3680

2015: 3680 * 2 = 7360

2016: 7360 * 2 = 14720

2017: 14720 * 2 = 29440

Population refers to the number of individuals of a particular species or group of species living in a specific geographic area or habitat. In a human context, population refers to the total number of people living in a specific area, such as a country, city, or region. Populations can be studied and analyzed in terms of demographics, migration patterns, birth and death rates, and other factors that affect their growth and change over time.

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Following the time lapsed graph, the system is becoming more stable.

A time-lapsed graph is a representation of data over a period of time, showing how a certain value or values change over time. It is a visual representation of data that shows trends and patterns over time, making it easier to understand and analyze.

We can use the time lapsed graph for the purpose of seeing to the and the analysis of certain geological as well as other systems of interest as seen.

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The interphase as well as M phase are two stages of the cell cycle. M phase is separated prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, whereas the phase separation is divided into G1, phase S, and G2.

The achieved through increased or equatorial plate is the collection of chromosomal at the spindle hemisphere. When examined whether from pole of the nucleus, the chromosomal, joined at their centrosome, appear to be organized in a ring, whereas when examined from above, they appear to lie linearly over this plane.

The chromatin of the cell condensed and move toward one another, aligning inside the center of something like the sporangium, and the nuclear of the cell disintegrates during metaphase. The chromosome may now be identified when viewed under a microscope.

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D) Semipermeable describes the cell membrane (or selectively permeable).

Barriers and gatekeepers are cell membranes. Since the lipid bilayers are semi-permeable, certain molecules can diffuse through it while others cannot. Gases and small hydrophobic molecules, such as oxygen and carbon dioxide, quickly traverse membranes.

Larger, neutral polar molecules and all charged molecules, including ions, are virtually impervious to the plasma membrane.

Proteins and phospholipid bilayer make up the cell membrane. It is a semi-permeable membrane that is alive and controls the solutes that can pass through. Ions are generally not able to pass through the membrane since they are charged and therefore not soluble in lipids.

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Antibiotics do not break down cell walls in plants because: Plant cells are eukaryotic, and their cell walls are made of different proteins which prevent the antibiotics from breaking down the plant cell walls. The last option is the correct answer.

This is a type of substance that fight against bacteria. It is a very vital type of antibacterial agent for fighting bacterial infections, and antibiotic medications are widely used in the treatment and prevention of such infections. They may either kill or stop the growth of bacteria.

cell walls a rigid, external layer that is specifically designed to give structural support and rigidity. It also keeps the interior components of the cell firm and safe from the external environment.

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