The vapor pressure of a solution is the pressure exerted by the vapor above the solution. The vapor pressure of a solution depends on the concentration of the solute in the solution. The lower the vapor pressure, the more concentrated the solution is.
Explanation:
In order to decrease the vapor pressure of a solution to 22.0 torr, we need to find the amount of glucose that needs to be dissolved in 100.0 g of water. We can use the relation between the vapor pressure of the solution and the concentration of the solute in the solution to solve this problem.
The vapor pressure of a solution is proportional to the mole fraction of the solute in the solution. The mole fraction of a solute in a solution is defined as the ratio of the number of moles of solute to the total number of moles of solute and solvent in the solution.
Let's call the mole fraction of glucose in the solution x. Then, the mole fraction of water in the solution is 1 - x. The vapor pressure of the solution is given by:
P = P° H2O x + P° glucose (1 - x)
where P° H2O is the vapor pressure of pure water (23.5 torr) and P° glucose is the vapor pressure of pure glucose (which is negligible compared to the vapor pressure of water).
We know that the vapor pressure of the solution is 22.0 torr and the mole fraction of glucose in the solution is x. So, we can write:
22 = 23.5 x + 0 (1 - x)
Simplifying the above equation, we get:
22 = 23.5 x
x = 22/23.5 = 0.939
The mole fraction of glucose in the solution is 0.939. This means that 0.939 moles of glucose are present in 1.939 moles of glucose and water in the solution.
We know that the mass of water in the solution is 100.0 g. So, we can calculate the number of moles of water in the solution as:
n = m/M
where m is the mass of water in the solution, M is the molar mass of water (18.02 g/mol), and n is the number of moles of water in the solution.
n = 100.0/18.02 = 5.551 moles
The number of moles of glucose in the solution is given by:
n = 0.939 x n
n = 0.939 x 5.551 = 5.20 moles
Finally, the mass of glucose in the solution is given by:
m = n x M
where M is the molar mass of glucose (180.2 g/mol).
m = 5.20 x 180.2 = 939.44 g
Thus, 939.44 g of glucose would need to be dissolved in 100.0 g of water to decrease the vapor pressure of the solution to 22.0 torr.
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Of the following factors, which will affect the rate of reaction?a)Eab)Keqc)ΔSd)ΔGe)Temperaturef)ΔH
a) Ea, e) Temperature, f) ΔH will affect the rate of reaction.
The rate of reaction is influenced by the temperature, enthalpy change, and activation energy (Ea). With a larger activation energy, the reaction will continue more slowly because it requires more energy to do it. As the temperature rises, the kinetic energy of the species that are reacting will rise as well, increasing the likelihood that they will collide and produce enough energy to overcome the activation energy and cause a reaction. A more exothermic reaction (with a larger negative H) will be more favourable and happen more quickly because the enthalpy change (H) is connected to the energy involved in breaking and creating bonds throughout the reaction.
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What is the boiling point of CH4?
The boiling point of CH4 is −162 °C
What is boiling point?
The temperature at which a liquid's vapor pressure equals the pressure of the gas above it is known as the boiling point of the liquid. The temperature at which a liquid's vapor pressure equals one atmosphere is known as the typical boiling point of that substance.
At the same concentration, ionic solutes raise the boiling point more than nonionic solutes do. One of the collective properties is boiling point elevation. Only the quantity of particles in the solution is relevant. Because the intermolecular forces of attraction between methane molecules are so minimal, it has a low boiling point.
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A biohazard is a toxic or infectious agent posing a threat to humans or the environment.
Yes, that's correct. Biohazards refer to biological substances or organisms that can cause harm to human health, the environment or the ecosystem.
A biohazard refers to a natural substance or organic entity that represents a danger to human wellbeing or the climate. This can incorporate microorganisms like microbes, infections, parasites, and poisons, and can be tracked down in clinical offices, research centers, or in nature. Biohazards can possibly cause infection and mischief, making appropriate dealing with, stockpiling, and removal essential to limit openness and transmission. Inability to appropriately oversee biohazards can prompt serious wellbeing ramifications for people and damage to the climate. It's critical to keep laid out conventions and rules for dealing with and discarding biohazards to forestall their spread.
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Select the correct net ionic equation for the ionic equation given below. Ca(s) + 2H+ (aq) + 2Cr (aq) + Ca(aq) + H2(g) + 2Cl(aq) Click the answer you think is right. A. Ca(s) + 2Cr (aq) → Ca?"(aq) + 2Cl(aq) B. Ca(s) + 2H" (aq) → Ca" (aq) + H (9) C. There is no net ionic equation. D. 2H(aq) → H,9)
The correct net ionic equation for the ionic equation given below is Ca(s) + 2Cr (aq) → Ca"(aq) + 2Cl(aq).
What is the equation ?The equation is a mathematical statement that shows the relationship between different values. It usually consists of an equal sign (=) and two or more variables that are related to each other. The variables can be numbers, symbols or other mathematical objects. By manipulating the equation, different values can be found for the variables involved. Equations are used to describe many different physical concepts, such as motion, force, energy, and chemical reactions.They can also be used to solve problems in fields such as economics, engineering, and mathematics.
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where does desalinated water originally come from?
A 5. 00-cm cube of magnesium has a mass of 217. 501 g. What is the density of magnesium metal?
densitydensity is the mass per unit volume. It is given by the formula; [tex]Density=\frac{mass}{volume}[/tex] . The density of given magnesium metal is 43.5002[tex]g/cm^{3}[/tex].
Use the following formula to calculate magnesium density: -[tex]P=\frac{m}{v}[/tex] ( where, p represents the density of the object, m represents the mass of the object and v represents volume of the object) ( where, p represents the density of the object, m represents the mass of the object and v represents volume of the object).
Substitute the following values into the formula: m=217.501g, v=5.00cm3, and p=x.
By plugging the values into the formula, we get: x= 217.501/5.00= 43.5002[tex]g/cm^{3}[/tex].
As a result, the density of the given magnesium metal is 43.5002g/cm3.
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in a dilution problem, if you are solving for a final concentration (), it should be ____________ than the initial concentration ()
lower than. The moles per unit volume represent the concentration. Less moles exist in the same volume of the solution when it is diluted, resulting in a lower concentration.
Dilutions. The concentration of an aqueous solution falls when more water is added to it. This is due to the fact that while the total volume of the solution grows, the number of moles of the solute does not.
Dilution is the process in question. The following equation, M1V1 = M2V2, can be used to compare the concentrations and volumes before and after a dilution:
M1 and V1 stand for the molarity and volume of the initial concentrated solution, while M2 and V2 stand for the molarity and volume of the final diluted solution.
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Which of the following statements are true of chemical reactions?
a. In a synthesis reaction, bonds are formed.
b. The body's chemical reactions take place in water.
c. Synthesis reactions are directly necessary for energy release from food.
d. In a decomposition reaction, bonds are broken.
e. Digestion of food involves decomposition reactions.
f. The ionization of a molecule of sodium chloride is a synthesis reaction.
Answer: the answers are A, B, D, E, and F
What is the name of this element? (spell out the element name, no symbol) Please Help!!!
Answer:
Oxygen
Explanation:
This element has 8 protons (it doesn't matter if x or y are the protons, they both still have 8 of them), which means that the element is 8, otherwise known as Oxygen.
calculate the molarity of 2.00 l of solution that contains 200.0 g of naoh
The molarity of the solution that contains 200.0 g of naoh is 5.00 mol / 2.00 L = 2.50 M.
The molarity of a solution can be calculated by dividing the number of moles of solute by the volume of solution in liters. To find the number of moles of NaOH, we first need to find its molar mass:
NaOH = Na (23 g/mol) + O (16 g/mol) + H (1 g/mol) = 40 g/mol
So, 200.0 g of NaOH is equal to 200.0 g / 40 g/mol = 5.00 mol of NaOH
And the molarity of the solution is 5.00 mol / 2.00 L = 2.50 M.
The molarity of a solution is the number of moles of solute present in 1 liter of the solution. To calculate the molarity of a solution, divide the number of grams of solute by the molar mass of the solute and then divide that by the volume of the solution in liters. In this case, divide 200.0 g of NaOH by its molar mass, divide the result by 2.00 L to find the molarity.
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What is the proper way to bring the temperature on lab thermometers down?
The proper way to bring the temperature on lab thermometers down is to shake the thermometer to lower the temperature.
How to lower the temperature on the lab thermometer?Swing the thermometer back and forth by grabbing it at the end farthest from the tip.
Make sure it falls below the average body temperature, which is 96.8 °F (36.0 °C), at the very least.
This way you have successfully lowered the temperature of the thermometer as it is now below the body temperature of a human, on the average.
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How do we use this percent composition in our daily lives?
Answer: you could use it for sceinstest stuff hom someting broke down
Explanation:
what type of water has higher concentration of solutes compared to inside the cell
In comparison to the solute concentration inside cells, a hypotonic has a larger solute concentration. Red blood cells should never be placed in hypertonic solutions.
What do blood cells do?The major job of the red blood cell is to transport oxygen from our lungs and distribute it all throughout our body. Additionally, red blood cells carry wastes like atmospheric co2 back to the lungs for exhalation. Hemoglobin is a protein found in red blood cells that allows them to transport oxygen.
What kind of blood cells are crucial?From our lungs, red blood cells transport oxygen to the rest of their systems. The carbon dioxide is then transported back to our lungs, where it is expelled.
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6.02 Phase changes
In order to go from solid to liquid heat must be added to the matter. This process is called melting. More energy must be added to transition from liquid to gas. This process is called boiling.
In order to go from a solid to a liquid, heat must be added to the matter. This process is called melting.
What is melting ?Melting is the process of changing from a solid state to a liquid state. This process occurs when the temperature of the material increases and it can no longer remain in its solid form. During this process, the molecular structure of the material is disrupted, allowing the molecules to move around and form a liquid. Melting can occur with a wide range of materials, including metals, plastics, and even some organic compounds. The temperature at which a particular material melts depends on its composition and structure, as well as the surrounding environment. In many cases, melting can be a beneficial process, allowing materials to be reshaped or combined into new forms.
Melting occurs when the kinetic energy of the particles in the solid increase to the point where they can move past each other, forming a liquid. To transition from a liquid to a gas, more energy must be added. This process is called boiling. Boiling occurs when the kinetic energy of the liquid particles increase to the point where they can escape the surface of the liquid, forming a gas.
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If 4. 52g of the precipitate is formed, how many grams of sodium chloride reacted?
If 4. 52g of the precipitate is formed, there would be 1.8 grams of sodium chloride reacted.
First we should write the balance reaction
AgNO₃(aq)+NaCl(aq)→AgCl(s)⏐↓+NaNO₃(aq)
We can observe that there is a 1:1 reaction. As a result, producing 1 mole of the precipitate from 1 mole of sodium chloride (AgCl).
In this case,
we should find the moles of sodium chloride used by dividing the mass by the mass molar of sodium chloride.
Precipitate formed in terms of moles: 4.52g/143.32 g/mol
The amount of precipitate that produced was 0.0315 moles.
Thus, 0.0315 moles of NaCl and 0.0315 moles of precipitate were generated.
Therefore NaCl reaction mass is 0.0315 moles times 58.5 g/mol, or 1.8 g.
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how many molecular orbitals would be obtained by combining three atomic p orbitals? provide a specific neutral compound where this is relevant. (hint: it will have 3 contiguous sp2 atoms).
4 hybrid sp3 orbitals
Four sp3 hybrid orbitals emerge from the hybridization of a s orbital with each of the three p orbitals (px, py, and pz).
The binding angle between the sp3 hybrid orbitals is 109.5 degrees. Tetrahedral molecular structure can be explained via sp3 hybridization. It produces four sp3 orbitals, each of which is made up of 75% p character and 25% s character, by the hybridization of the two 2s orbitals and all three of the two 2p orbitals. We shall use carbon as an example because of how important it is to organic chemistry. The three 2p orbitals and the two 2s orbitals of carbon combine to generate four sp3 orbitals. Following an sp3-s orbital overlap, these orbitals join with four hydrogen atoms to form methane. The outcome shape is tetrahedral, since that minimizes electron repulsion.
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gaseous ethane reacts with gaseous oxygen gas to produce gaseous carbon dioxide and gaseous water . what is the theoretical yield of carbon dioxide formed from the reaction of of ethane and of oxygen gas? round your answer to significant figures.
Therefore, 96.768 grams of carbon dioxide is the theoretical yield.
Stoichiometry is largely used in chemistry to balance chemical reactions. The relationship between the physical alterations of two or more chemical elements during a chemical reaction is also determined using this method.
Given data
Mass of the ethane = 20.2 g
Mass of oxygen gas is m。 = 125 g
The molar mass of the ethane is Me = 30.07 g/mol
The molar mass of the oxygen is M = 16 g/mol
The number of moles of ethane is calculated as,
nm = me/Me
= (20.2g)/(30.07g / m * ol) = 0.672mol
The necessary chemical process is illustrated below.
2C2H6 + 702 → 4CO2 + 6H2O
Two moles of ethane and seven moles of oxygen are reacting in the reaction shown above to produce four moles of oxygen and six moles of water. Because there are fewer moles of ethane than there are of oxygen in this chemical reaction, it acts as the limiting reagent. Therefore, the amount of ethane is exactly equal to the amount of carbon dioxide in moles.
Consequently, the theoretical carbon dioxide yield is determined as follows:
Yield equals = ne(4 Mc + 6 Mo).
= (96.768 g) (0.672 mol) (4 12 g/mol + 6 16 g)
=96.768 grams
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Gaseous ethane (CH3CH3) reacts with gaseous. oxygen gas (O2) to produce gaseous carbon dioxide (CO2) and gaseous water (H2O). What is the theoretical yield of cartoon dioxide formed from the reaction of 20.2 g of ethane and 125 g of oxygen gas? Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits in it.
How much 350 mM Tris is needed to make 2 liters of a 0.1 M solution? How much water?
Tris=121g/mol
The 350 mM Tris is needed to make the 2 liters of the 0.1 M solution, The volume of the water is 0.571 L.
The initial molarity , M1 = 350 mM = 0.350 M
The final molarity , M2 = 0.1 M
The final volume , V2 = 2 L
The initial volume , V1 = ?
The expression is :
M1 V1 = M2 V2
Where ,
M1 = 0.350 M
M2 = 0.1 M
V1 = ?
V2 = 2 L
V1 = M2 V2 / M1
V1 = ( 0.1 × 2 ) / 0.350
V1 = 0.571 L
Thus, the volume of the Tris is 0.571 L.
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Each orbital has a limit of electrons that can fill it, here's what's right
answer choices
s = 2 , p = 6, d = 8, f = 10
s = 2 , p = 6, d = 10, f = 12
s = 3 , p = 6, d = 10, f = 14
s = 2 , p = 6, d = 10, f = 14
According to the question, each orbital has a limit of electrons that can fill it in the following way s = 2 , p = 6, d = 10, f = 14
Who or what is an electron?A negatively charged atom known as an electron can either be free or attached to an atoms (not bound). One of the three principal kinds of particles within an atom is an electron that is linked to it; the other two are quarks and neutrons.
What are an electron and also an ion?For the time being, let's just agree that Ionic is a hybrid application framework that enables us to create software products using the most recent web technologies, such as HTML5, CSS, plus Javascript. Additionally, Github's framework for creating bridge desktop applications utilizing the most recent web technologies is called Electron.
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how does the citric acid cycle produce most of the energy used by the cell. explain how this is possible.
The cycle begins with the conversion of the molecule acetyl-CoA into citrate molecules.
After this, a series of eight enzyme-catalyzed reactions occur, which result in the production of two molecules of carbon dioxide, one molecule of NADH and FADH2, one molecule of ATP, and one molecule of the intermediate compound oxaloacetate. The NADH and FADH2 molecules are then used in the electron transport chain, which produces a large amount of ATP. This ATP is used to power a variety of cellular processes, such as protein synthesis, cell growth, and transport of molecules across the cell membrane.
The cycle continues by reconverting the oxaloacetate back into acetyl-CoA so that the cycle can begin again. This cycle is able to produce large amounts of energy due to the multiple electron carriers and the efficient use of energy in each step of the cycle.
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Referring to the figure, select whether each statement below is true or false. ((Given))
1) Resting potential is generated mainly by the outward movement of K+ ions from inside the cell.
2) The voltage changes shown in the figure are measured just across the plasma membrane
3) The changes in voltage seen at #2 and #4 in the figure are caused by similar movements, in the same direction, of the same types of ions across the membranes.
4) The trace in the figure is following the voltage change as it moves down the axon.
5) The voltage change shown in the figure is an all-or-nothing response.
1) Resting potential is generated mainly by the outward movement of K+ ions from inside the cell. (True)
2) The voltage changes shown in the figure are measured just across the plasma membrane (True)
3) The changes in voltage seen at #2 and #4 in the figure are caused by similar movements, in the same direction, of the same types of ions across the membranes.(false)
4) The trace in the figure is following the voltage change as it moves down the axon. (false)
5) The voltage change shown in the figure is an all-or-nothing response. (True)
Definition of Electric VoltageElectric Voltage is the amount of energy needed to move a unit of electric charge from one place to another. The electric voltage expressed in volts is also often referred to as the electric potential difference because basically the electric voltage is a measure of the potential difference between two points in an electric circuit.
An object is said to have a higher electric potential than other objects because the object has a greater amount of positive charge than the number of positive charges on other objects. While what is meant by electric potential itself is the amount of charge contained in an object.
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when does the kinetic molecular theoyr break
One of the postulates of the kinetic molecular theory that fails at low temperatures is the assertion that there are no attractive or repulsive forces between the gas particles.
For beginners, what is kinetic molecular theory?According to the kinetic molecular theory, collisions between gas particles occur in perfect elastic motion and are always in motion. Boyle's and Charles's laws can both be explained by the kinetic molecular theory. Only absolute temperature directly affects a group of gas particle's average kinetic energy.
What are KMT's two fallacious presumptions?A gas's molecules do not interact with one another in an attractive or repelling manner. The volume of a gas's molecules is quite little in comparison to the void that exists between them.
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in a solution ______ (select all that apply) -the solvent is usually the substance present in the greatest quantity
-the solvent generally reacts with the solutes
-one or more solutes may be present
-the solvent is always water
-ions are always present
A) In a solution, the solvent is often the component that is present in the highest concentration.
What substance is present in the largest amount?The remover The substance(s) present in the greatest amount in any solution, whether gaseous, liquid, or solid, are the solvent(s), and the substance(s) present in the lower amount(s) are the solute(s) (s).
What part does a solvent play?Term in this set (6) A liquid that dissolves things is called a solvent. Solvable substances are those that can dissolve in a certain solvent. A substance is said to be insoluble if it cannot dissolve in a specific solvent.
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what is the highlighted 2 in this portion of a chemical reaction called? 3h20 T/F
The highlighted "2" in this portion of a chemical reaction is the coefficient of the molecule, indicating the number of molecules present in the reaction.
The coefficient is used to balance chemical reactions and ensure that the number of atoms of each element remains constant before and after the reaction.
A chemical reaction is a process that results in the transformation of one set of chemical substances into another. It involves the rearrangement of atoms and the formation and breaking of chemical bonds. Chemical reactions can be represented using chemical equations, which indicate the reactants (the starting substances) on the left side and the products (the resulting substances) on the right side, separated by an arrow.
The rate of a chemical reaction depends on several factors, including the concentration of the reactants, the presence of a catalyst, and the temperature. Understanding chemical reactions is important in many areas of chemistry, including the design of new materials, the development of new energy sources, and the understanding of biological processes.
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sand and other granular materials, definitely flow; that is, they can be poured from a contrainer or a hopper. is sand a fluid
No, sand is not a fluid.
Fluids are materials that can flow and take the shape of their container. They have a definite volume but not a definite shape. On the other hand, solids have a definite shape and volume. Sand and other granular materials have both the characteristics of solids and fluids. This is why they are often referred to as "granular solids".
When granular solids are poured from a container, they tend to flow like a fluid due to the interparticle forces acting between the grains. However, when the grains come to rest, they will form a solid pile with a definite shape. So, while sand and other granular materials can behave like fluids, they are still considered solids.
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What is the molar mass
of the element
magnesium, Mg?
[?]
g
/
mol
The molar mass of magnesium is 24g/mol. The mass with one mole of a chemical in grams is known as its molar mass.
What is molar mass?The mass with one mole of a chemical in grams is known as its molar mass and molecular mass. The term can also mean "mass per mole." The total mass of the atoms in one mole of a material is its molar mass.
Grams/mol is the measurement of molar mass. A mole of any material (atoms, molecules, etc.) has a standard value of 6.023 1023 units, which is the unit used as a reference in chemistry. It is sometimes referred to as Avogadro's number and is denoted by the symbol NA. A key formula inside the mole notion is molar mass. The molar mass of magnesium is 24g/mol.
Therefore, the molar mass of magnesium is 24g/mol.
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Atoms of the same element that contain different numbers of neutrons are called _____.
Isotopes.
Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons but the same number of protons are called Isotopes.
melanie needs to mix a 10% acid solution with a 60% acid solution to create 100 milliliters of a 45% solution. how many milliliters of each solution must melanie use?
70 ml of 10% of fungicide solution to be mixed with,30 ml of 60% of fungicide solution to get 100 ml,of 25% of fungicide solution.
A fungicide solution is what?Pesticides known as fungicides work to eradicate or stop the development of fungi & their spores.They are effective against rusts, mildews, and other plant-damaging fungi.They could also be applied elsewhere to manage mold and mildew.
What fungicide is the most effective?According to Mueller, the most popular class of fungicides worldwide is the triazole family.These locally systemically fungicides are not absorbed by the leaf but rather travel up and down the plant.Triazole pesticides (Folicur, Domark) block an enzyme involved in the formation of fungal sterol.
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Which compounds do not have the same empirical formula?
a) C2H2, C6H6
b) CO, CO2
c) C2H4, C3H6
d) C2H4O2, C6H12O6
e) C2H5COOCH3, CH3CHO
CO, CO₂ compounds do not have the same empirical formula among the followings.
Option B is correct.
What exactly are empirical formulas?The chemical formula of a compound known as an empirical formula only reveals the ratios (proportions) of the elements that are contained within the compound and not the actual number or arrangement of atoms. This would be the element in the compound with the lowest whole number ratio.
The empirical formula, which is defined as the ratio of subscripts to the smallest possible whole number of the elements in the formula, is the simplest formula for a compound.
Why does empirical formula exist?Most of the time, the empirical formula is used to just show what elements are in a molecule. When someone wants to quickly see what they're dealing with, this is helpful. When determining the number of elemental atoms in a compound, the molecular formula is most useful.
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Which properties can be used to determine whether a substance is a liquid or a plasma?.
The properties can be used to determine whether a substance is a liquid or a plasma are: temperature, electron density, pressure, magnetic field, conductivity.
What is plasma?
Plasma is a state of matter consisting of charged particles, such as electrons, protons, and ions, that are held together by an electric field. It can be created in a laboratory or exist naturally in interstellar space, the Earth's atmosphere, and the Sun. Plasma is often referred to as the fourth state of matter, since it is different from the traditional three states of matter: solid, liquid and gas. Plasma has unique properties, such as being able to conduct electricity, which can be used to generate electricity in devices such as televisions and fluorescent lights.
If the temperature of a substance is high enough, it can exist as a plasma. Plasmas have much higher electron density than liquids. Plasmas are typically formed under high pressure, while liquids are formed under low pressure. Plasmas typically contain charged particles that can be affected by a magnetic field. Plasmas are typically better electrical conductors than liquids.
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