It is not possible to convert work entirely into heat. It is impossible to transfer heat from a cooler to a hotter body. The second law of thermodynamics is a consequence of the first law of thermodynamics. It is possible for heat to flow spontaneously from a hot body to a cold one or from a cold one to a hot one, depending on whether or not the process is reversible or irreversible. All of these statements are false.
Complete Question:
Which one of the following is a
true statement?
Group of answer choices.
A) The second law of thermodynamics is a consequence of the first law of thermodynamics.
B) It is possible for heat to flow spontaneously from a hot body to a cold one or from a cold one
to a hot one, depending on whether or not the process is reversible or irreversible.
C) It is not possible to convert work entirely into heat.
D) It is impossible to transfer heat from a cooler to a hotter body.
E) All of these statements are false.
Answer:
E) All of these statements are false.
Explanation:
All of the following statements are false;
I. The second law of thermodynamics is a consequence of the first law of thermodynamics. The second law of thermodynamics is about a physical quantity known as entropy while the first law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed but can only be transformed from one form to another.
II. It is possible for heat to flow spontaneously from a hot body to a cold one or from a cold one
to a hot one, depending on whether or not the process is reversible or irreversible. According to the second law of thermodynamics this is false due to the entropy.
III. It is not possible to convert work entirely into heat. It is possible to completely convert work into heat because it involves transferring energy.
IV. It is impossible to transfer heat from a cooler to a hotter body.
Convert 41.3 kilocalories into joules.
Answer:172799.2
Explanation:
2. A 2500 kg car is slowed down uniformly from an initial velocity of 20.0 m/s to
the north by a 6250 N braking force acting opposite the car's motion. Use the
impulse-momentum theorem to answer the following questions:
a. What is the car's velocity after 2.50 s?
b. How far does the car move during 2.50 s?
c. How long does it take the car to come to a complete stop?
Answer:
13.75m/s; 42.2m; 8s
Explanation:
(a) the car's velocity after 2.50 s is 13.75 m/s
(b) The distance traveled by the car is 42.18 m
(c) the time taken for the car to come to complete stop is 8 s.
The given parameters;
mass of the car, m = 2500 kg
initial velocity of the car, u = 20 m/s
breaking applied on the car, f = 6250 N
The acceleration of the car is calculated as follows;
[tex]F = ma \\\\a = \frac{F}{m} = \frac{6250}{2500} = 2.5 \ m/s^2[/tex]
(a) Using impulse-momentum theorem, the car's velocity after 2.5 s is calculated as follows;
[tex]F = \frac{m(u-v)}{t} \\\\m(u-v) = Ft\\\\u-v = \frac{Ft}{m} \\\\v = u - \frac{Ft}{m} \\\\v = 20 - \frac{6250 \times 2.5}{2500} \\\\v = 13.75 \ m/s[/tex]
(b) The distance traveled by the car during the 2.5 s;
[tex]v^2 = u^2 - 2as\\\\2as = u^2 - v^2\\\\s = \frac{u^2 - v^2}{2a} \\\\s = \frac{20^2 - 13.75^2}{2\times 2.5} \\\\s = 42.18 \ m[/tex]
(c) The time taken for the car to come to a complete stop;
when the car stop's the final velocity, v = 0
v = u - at
0 = 20 - 2.5t
2.5t = 20
[tex]t = \frac{20}{2.5} \\\\t = 8 \ s[/tex]
Thus, the time taken for the car to come to complete stop is 8 s.
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A horse is working steadily, providing 750 WW of output power. How much food energy does the horse need to work for 1 hour, to the nearest MJMJ
Answer:
2.7MJ
Explanation:
Power is expressed according to the formula
Power = work done/Time
The energy required is also known as the work done
Given
Power = 750Watts
Time = 1hr = 3600secs
Substitute the given values into the formula
750 = work done/3600
Work done = 750×3600
Work done = 2,700,000Joules
Convert to megajoules
Since
1MJ = 10^6Joules
x = 2.7×10^6Joules
Cross multiply
10^6x = 2.7×10^6
x = 2.7×10^6/10^6
x = 2.7
Hence the amount of energy absorber by the food in MJ is 2.7MJ
1. An impulse is a force acting over some amount of time to cause a change in momentum. On the other hand, work is a ______________ acting over some amount of ___________________ to cause a change in __________________.
Answer:
Force, distance, energy
Explanation:
An impulse is a force acting over some amount of time to cause a change in momentum. On the other hand, work is a a force acting over some amount of distance to cause a change in energy
An impulse is a force acting over some amount of time to cause a change in momentum. On the other hand, work is a a force acting over some amount of distance to cause a change in kinetic energy."
The given problem is based on the concept of impulse and the work done. As per the impulse momentum theorem, when some magnitude of force is applied on an object for a small interval of time, then it will cause some momentum change.
That is,
[tex]F \times t = \Delta P[/tex]
here, F is the applied force.
And as per the concept of work energy theorem, "the work done by the applied force to cause the displacement of an object is equivalent to the change in the kinetic energy of object.
That is,
[tex]W = \Delta KE\\F \times d=\Delta KE[/tex]
here, F is the applied force and d is the distance moved by object.
Thus, we can conclude that the complete paragraph is,
"An impulse is a force acting over some amount of time to cause a change in momentum. On the other hand, work is a a force acting over some amount of distance to cause a change in kinetic energy."
Learn more about the work energy theorem here:
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what relationship must exist between an applied force and the velocity of a moving obkect if uniform circular motion is to result
Answer:
See explanation
Explanation:
The centripetal force keeps an object moving in a circular orbit at constant velocity. The velocity of an object undergoing uniform motion is always tangential to the circle while the centripetal force is directed towards the center of the circle.
This now implies that the direction of the force acting on a body undergoing circular motion at constant velocity is perpendicular to the direction in which the object is being displaced.
A person should be able to find all the answers to their science questions in the text
book.
True
False
It is a false statement that a person should be able to find all the answers to their science questions in the text because there are billions of scientific questions and it is almost impossible for any kind of textbook to contain all the answers.
What is science?Science is the methodical, empirically-based pursuit and application of knowledge and understanding of the natural and social worlds.
A method of learning about the world is science. Science allows people to participate in the creation of new knowledge as well as use that knowledge to further their goals.
The idea that someone should be able to find all the answers to their scientific inquiries in the text is untrue since there are countless unanswered scientific questions, making it nearly impossible for any textbook to provide them all.
Thus, the statement is false.
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If it took you 5 seconds to move a rock 15 meters using a force of 150 Newtons, how much power did you need to use?
500 joules/sec
45 joules/sec
4,500 joules
450 joules/sec
Answer:
Given that:
Time taken = 5 seconds
Distance = 15 meters
Force = 150 Newtons
Power = ?
Recall that power is the rate of work done per unit time
i.e Power = work / time
(since work is a product of force and distance, then
power = (force x distance)/ time
Power = (150 Newtons x 15 m) / 5 s
Power = 2250 / 5
Power = 450 joules per second
Answer:
450 joules/sec
Explanation:
150 x 15 = 2,250
2,250 / 5 = 450
= 450 joules/sec
what is phase voltage of star connected three phase system in balanced loa is 240 the line voltage
Answer:
Explanation: the Star Connection, the similar ends (either start or finish) of the three windings are connected to a common point called star or neutral point. The three-line conductors run from the remaining three free terminals called line conductor
An automobile has a mass of 1500 kg. What is the minimum uncertainty in the velocity (in miles per hour) when its center of mass is located with an uncertainty no greater than 1 cm
Answer:
[tex]\triangle v=1.57*10^-^3^5miles/hour[/tex]
Explanation:
From the question we are told that
Mass of of automobile M= 1500 kg
Generally the equation of the uncertainty principle is given by
[tex]\triangle p=\frac{h}{ \triangle x}[/tex]
[tex]\triangle p=\frac{1.054*10^-^3^4}{ 10^-^2}[/tex]
[tex]\triangle p=1.054*10^-^3^2[/tex]
Generally the uncertainty in velocity is mathematically given by
[tex]\triangle v=\frac{\traingle p}{m}[/tex]
[tex]\triangle v=\frac{1.054*10^-^3^2}{1500}[/tex]
[tex]\triangle v=7*10^-^3^6m/s[/tex]
Therefore the minimum uncertainty in the velocity (in miles per hour)
[tex]\triangle v=7*10^-^3^6*\frac{3600}{1609.3}[/tex]
[tex]\triangle v=1.57*10^-^3^5miles/hour[/tex]
A 2-kg block sliding at 4.5m's north hits a wall and rebounds at 3.2 m s south What is the object's change in momentum?
Answer:
2.6kgm/s
Explanation:
Momentum is the product of mass of an object and its velocity
Change in momentum = mass × change in velocity
Change in momentum = m∆v
Given
Mass m =2kg
Change in velocity ∆v = 4.5-3.2
∆v = 1.3m/s
Change in momentum = 2×1.3
Change in momentum = 2.6kgm/s
Hence the object change in momentum is 2.6kgm/s
A diode laser emits a wavelength of 987 nm. All of its output energy is absorbed in a detector that measures a total energy of 0.52 J over a period of 32 s. How many photons per second are being emitted by the laser?
Answer:
8.04 × 10¹⁶ photons per second
Explanation:
First, we calculate the energy per photon from E = hc/λ where h = Planck's constant = 6.63 × 10⁻³⁴ Js c = speed of light = 3 × 10⁸ m/s and λ = wavelength of laser = 987 nm = 987 × 10⁻⁹ m = 9.87 × 10⁻⁷ m
So, E = hc/λ = 6.63 × 10⁻³⁴ Js × 3 × 10⁸ m/s/9.87 × 10⁻⁷ m = 19.89/9.87 × 10⁻¹⁹ J = 2.02 × 10⁻¹⁹ J per photon.
Since we have a total of 0.52 J over a period of 32 s, the output power is 0.52 J/32 s = 0.0163 J/s.
Thus the total number of photons per second is thus in output power/energy per photon = 0.0163 J/s ÷ 2.02 × 10⁻¹⁹ J per photon
= 8.04 × 10¹⁶ photons per second
What do scientists know about the future of the universe?
what dark matter is made of
why the expansion of the universe is accelerating
that stars will eventually burn out causing the universe to become cold and dark
that galaxies spin much slower than they should based on visible matter
Answer:
B. Why the expansion of the universe is accelerating
Explanation:
possibly pretty sure if not right then the answer is A. What dark matter is made of hope this helps please mark brainiest only answer plz
Why the expansion of the universe is accelerating is what scientists know
about the future of the universe.
Scientists have observed that radiation emitted by the galaxies have shifted
towards the red end of the electromagnetic spectrum. This means that there
has been an increase in the wavelength for this to occur.
This tells us that the universe is expanding which was why the wavelength
of the emission spectra experienced a shift or stretch.
Read more on https://brainly.com/question/9981218
How is a physical change different to a chemical change. Give an example of a physical change.
Answer:
Physical change is different to chemical change by that physical changes can be reversed, meaning it can be turned back to its original form, but chemical changes CANNOT! Chemical change is something that creates a NEW substances that cannot be reversed. It creates new forms.
Explanation:
Example of chemical change: Change in texture- fried egg. It cannot be turned back to its original form after it is fried.
I truly hope this is helpful!!
If so, please, please mark brainliest, i haven’t got any!
Thanks! Have wonderful day! :)
As positively charged sodium ions enter the axon, _______ flow(s) out to repolarize part of the axon
a. potassium ions
b. a neural impulse
c. the action potential
d. glial cells
As positively charged sodium ions enter the axon, potassium ions flow out to repolarize part of the axon.
At the beginning of an action potential of cell membrane, the sodium ion gates open and sodium ions flows into the cell. This process is called depolarization. Due to rapid influx of sodium ion, the channel is eventually closed.
The potassium channels are then activated in a process called repolarization. This process occurs when the potassium channels open and allow potassium ions to flow out of the cell.
To maintain the cell membrane potential, cells are kept at low concentration of sodium ions and high concentration of potassium ions.
Thus, as positively charged sodium ions enter the axon, potassium ions flow out to repolarize part of the axon.
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Who invented gravity
Answer: joe
Explanation:
Answer:
Sir Isaac Newton
Explanation:
Sir Isaac Newton was an English mathematician and mathematician and physicist who lived from 1642-1727. The legend is that Newton discovered Gravity when he saw a falling apple while thinking about the forces of nature.
Which of the following is Not One of the four Assumptions of kinetic theory?
A. All matter is composed of tiny particles
B. These particles are in constant random motions
C. The particles move in a choreograph path and do not collide
D. The amount of energy that the particles this on this collision is negligible
Answer:
I Believe it is
Option C (The particles move in a choreograph path and do not collide)
Explanation:
Hope this Helps! :)
Allen and Jason are chucking a speaker around. On one particular throw, Allen throws the speaker, which is playing a pure tone of frequency f, at a speed of 10 m/s directly towards Jason, but his aim is a bit off. As a result, Jason runs forward towards the speaker at a speed of 6 m/s before catching it. Then, the frequency that Jason hears while running can be written as (m/n)f Hz, where m and n are relatively prime positive integers. Compute m n.
Answer:
Explanation:
We shall apply Doppler's effect of sound .
speaker is the source , Jason is the observer . Source is moving at 10 m /s , observer is moving at 6 m/s .
apparent frequency = [tex]f_o\times\frac{V+v_o}{ V-v_s}[/tex]
V is velocity of sound , v₀ is velocity of observer and v_s is velocity of source and f_o is real frequency of source .
Here V = 340 m/s , v₀ is 6 m/s , v_s is 10 m/s . f_o = f
apparent frequency = [tex]f\times \frac{340+6}{340-10}[/tex]
= [tex]f\times \frac{346}{330}[/tex]
So m = 346 , n = 330 .
Interesting fact about the rib
Answer:
YOU CAN SNEEZE YOUR WAY TO A RIB FRACTURE.
Explanation:
At a certain elevation, the pilot of a balloon has a mass of 120 lb and a weight of 119 lbf. What is the local acceleration of gravity, in ft/s2, at that elevation
Answer:
31.905 ft/s²
Explanation:
Given that
Mass of the pilot, m = 120 lb
Weight of the pilot, w = 119 lbf
Acceleration due to gravity, g = 32.05 ft/s²
Local acceleration of gravity of found by using the relation
Weight in lbf = Mass in lb * (local acceleration/32.174 lbft/s²)
119 = 120 * a/32. 174
119 * 32.174 = 120a
a = 3828.706 / 120
a = 31.905 ft/s²
Therefore, the local acceleration due to gravity at that elevation is 31.905 ft/s²
If an object was observed to orbit the Sun once every half of a year, what would be this object's average distance from the Sun according to Kepler's third law?
A. 0.63 au
B. 0.25 au
C. 0.79 au
D. 0.71 au
2. A gas with a constant pressure of 270 kPa does 36,000 J of work as it expands.
What was the change in volume of the gas?
a) 0.13 meters cubed
b) 0.24 meters cubed
c) 0.33 meters cubed
d) 0.46 meters cubed
A capacitor is connected to an AC generator. As the generator's frequency is increased, what happens to the current in the capacitor
Answer:
The current increases.
Explanation:
A capacitor can be defined as an electronic component used in electrical circuits to store charge temporarily.
A capacitor is connected to an AC generator. As the generator's frequency is increased, the current in the capacitor increases as well.
This ultimately implies that, when a capacitor is connected to an AC generator, the frequency of the circuit is directly proportional to the amount of current flowing through it.
a 500g model rocket with a weight of 4.90 N is launched straight up. The small rocket burns for 5s and has a steady thrust of 20N. What maximum altitude does the rocket reach
Answer:
The maximum height reached by the rocket at the given time is 377.5 m.
Explanation:
Given;
mass of the rocket, m = 500 g = 0.5 kg
weight of the rocket, W = 4.9 N
Applied force or thrust of the rocket, F = 20 N
time of the rocket motion, t = 5 s
Apply Newton's second law of motion;
Applied force = Weight of the rock + Upward force of the rocket
F = W + ma
where;
a is the upward acceleration of the rock
[tex]a = \frac{F-W}{m} \\\\a = \frac{20 - 4.9}{0.5} \\\\a = 30.2 \ m/s^2[/tex]
The maximum height reached by the rock during the given time is calculated as;
h = ut + ¹/₂at²
h = 0 + ¹/₂at²
h = ¹/₂at²
h = ¹/₂ (30.2)(5)²
h = 377.5 m
Therefore, the maximum height reached by the rocket at the given time is 377.5 m.
Which process is defined as breaking down rocks into smaller pieces without changing the rocks' compositions
Answer:
mechanical weathering
Explanation:
Answer:
Mechanical weathering is responsible for the composition of a rock
Explanation:
The answer is (D)
A point charge (q1) has a magnitude of 3.0 x10-6 C. A second charge (q2) has a magnitude of -1.5 x10-6 C and is located 0.12 m from the first charge. Determine the electrostatic force each charge exerts on the other.
Answer:2.81 N
Explanation:
Given
[tex]q_1=3\times 10^{-6}\ C\\q_2=-1.5\times 10^{-6}\ C[/tex]
distance between them r=0.12 m
Electrostatic force is [tex]F=\frac{kq_1q_2}{r^2}[/tex]
Putting values
[tex]F=\dfrac{9\times 10^9\times (3\times 10^{-6})\times (-1.5\times 10^{-6})}{0.12^2}\\F=2.81\ N[/tex]
Why could it be argued that the respiratory system is most critical to sustaining life?
Explanation:
Energy is the most important ingredient for life. Organisms use energy in diverse ways. Scientifically, energy is defined as the ability to do work. Without this ability, organisms would not exist.
So, the most important process is one that can furnish the body with energy.
The respiratory system happens to be the one that furnishes the body with energy. During respiration, the energy needs of the body is met by series of processes. Oxygen is taken in and use to liberate calories from chemical substances packed with energy. So, without respiration, the bodily energy demands will not be met.Two identical carts are free to move along a straight frictionless track. At time t1, cart X is moving at 2.0 m/s when it collides with and sticks to cart Y, which is initially at rest. Draw the graphs that best shows the velocity of cart X before and after the collision?
Answer:
Explanation:
Using the law of conservation of momentum;
[tex]m_1 u_1+m_2u_2 = m_1v_1+m_2v_2[/tex]
here;
There is a need for conservation of the total momentum that occurred before and after the collision.
So;
[tex]m_1[/tex] = mass of cart X
[tex]m_2[/tex] = mas 9f cart Y
[tex]u_1[/tex] = velocity of cart X (before collision)
[tex]u_2[/tex] = velocity of cart Y (before collision)
[tex]v_1[/tex] = velocity of cart X (after collision)
[tex]v_2[/tex] = velocity of cart Y (after collision)
So;
[tex]m(u_1+0) =(m_1v+m_2)v[/tex]
because the mass is identical and v represents the velocity of both carts.
Now;
[tex]u_1[/tex] = 2 m/s
[tex]u_2[/tex] = 0 ( at rest)
∴
m(2) = (2m)v
v = 1 m/s
Thus, we can see from the graphical image attached below that the velocity of X reduces to 1 m/s after collision with cart Y.
How much force is needed to move a 12 kg mass 10 m/s?? FEMA
Answer:
F=ma
=12×10
120 N.........
Answer:
F = 120 N [Newtons]
Explanation:
F = 120N
If the speed is 10m/s² [an acceleration], and the mass is 12 kg [kilograms].
F [Force] = ma [mass × acceleration].
F = 10 × 12 = 120.
It cannot be a velocity because time is not given.
Momentum would be the velocity times mass. p = mv.
An ion has 8 protons and 10 electrons. What is the total charge? *
+2
-2
+18
-18
+8
-10