The total negative charge is -1.29 x [tex]10^{5}[/tex] C. To find the total negative charge of all the electrons in the small carbon We need to determine the number of electrons present.
In the term of chemistry, total negative charge can happen If there are more electrons than protons, then the net charge on the object is negative.
First, we find the number of moles of carbon in the sphere:
1.60 g / 12.0 g/mol = 0.1333 mol
Next, we find the number of electrons by multiplying the number of moles by Avogadro's number:
0.1333 mol * 6.022 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] electrons/mol = 8.04 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] electrons
Finally, we multiply the number of electrons by the charge of a single electron to find the total charge:
8.04 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] electrons * -1.60 x [tex]10^{-19}[/tex] C/electron = -1.29 x [tex]10^{5}[/tex] C
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the reaction below is at equilibrium. use lechatelier's principle to predict the effect of adding more n2 gas to the equilibrium reaction mixture n2(g) 3h2(g) <----> 2nh3(g) a. The equilibrium position will remain unchanged.
b. The equilibrium position will shift to the right.
c. The equilibrium position will shift to the left.
d. The equilibrium constant will increase.
e. All of the nitrogen gas will be used up.
C) The equilibrium position will move to the left, which makes option c the best decision.
How is the Le Chatelier principle defined?The Le Chatelier principle is as follows: A movement in the equilibrium's location counteracts the effect of a change in one of the variables that characterizes a system at equilibrium.
What is the Le Chatelier principle's equation?Because there are now 11.53 moles of gas in total, the pressure of all the gases will rise. The pressure would be 495 atm at 350 oC. Under these new circumstances, we can recalculate the partial pressures of the gases. 0.683 mol x 11.53 mol x 495 atm = 29.3 atm is the formula for PN2.
An equilibrium chemical system will maintain its state if no additional external stress is applied. Changes in temperature, pressure, volume, and concentration, however, throw the equilibrium into disarray. The system might shift in favor of reactants or products to restore chemical balance.
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What is Lineweaver Burk Plot?
The Lineweaver-Burk equation for enzyme kinetics is represented graphically by the Lineweaver-Burk plot, which was first introduced by Dean Burk and Hans Lineweaver in 1934.
What is Lineweaver Burk plot used for?Well before wide availability of computer systems and non-linear analysis software, the Lineweaver-Burk plot was frequently employed to determine crucial parameters in kinetic parameters, such as Km and Vmax. Such a graph's y-intercept corresponds to the reverse of Vmax, and its x-intercept denotes 1/Km.
What is Lineweaver and Burk plot?This Lineweaver-Burk plot is a graphical description of enzyme kinetics. Therefore, the reciprocals of a substrate concentration on the x-axis are 1 / [S] and the reaction velocity just on y-axis are 1 / V.
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identify the product of a synthesis reaction between magnesium metal and nitrogen gas.
The product of a synthesis reaction between magnesium metal and nitrogen gas is magnesium nitride (Mg3N2).
In a synthesis reaction, two or more reactants are combined to form a new, more complex product. When magnesium metal reacts with nitrogen gas, the magnesium donates electrons to the nitrogen atoms, forming a strong covalent bond and resulting in the formation of magnesium nitride. The reaction can be represented by the following equation:
3Mg + N2 ⇒ Mg3N2
Magnesium nitride (Mg3N2) is a chemical compound made up of magnesium and nitrogen. It is a white solid that is used in a variety of industrial and scientific applications, such as in the production of high-strength, lightweight alloys for the aerospace and automotive industries, and as a catalyst in chemical reactions.
The synthesis of magnesium nitride from magnesium metal and nitrogen gas is a typical example of a synthesis reaction, where two or more simple substances are combined to form a more complex product. In this reaction, magnesium metal reacts with nitrogen gas to form magnesium nitride. The reaction is exothermic, releasing heat, and is usually performed at high temperatures (around 800-1000°C) in a sealed container under an inert atmosphere to prevent the formation of unwanted by-products.
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What number goes in the blank to balance this equation?
loc
Fe + Sg → 8 FeS
16
8
1
4
This reaction forms things. The following equation is therefore a combination or synthesis reaction. FeS, a dark substance made up of the chemical combination iron sulfide.
It is formed of sulfide ions and iron. Iron in FeS is at the +2 oxidation state.
Is the balance of 2 Fe o2 fe2o3 off?In this imbalanced reaction equation, the reactant side contains one iron atom and two oxygen atoms, whereas the product side contains two iron atoms and three oxygen atoms. The number of atoms of each element must be present in equal amounts on both sides of a reaction for it to be balanced.
What undergoes oxidation in FeS FeS?iron The positively charged iron cation and the negatively charged sulphide ion become attracted to one another, resulting in the formation of ferrous sulphide. As you can see from the processes listed above, Fe is going through an oxidation process in which it loses electrons.
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Limit evalation limx→3 1/x−1/3/ x−3
The correct answer of the limit evaluation is ⅓.
lim(x→3) ( 1/x−3 − 3/x²-3x )
= lim(x→3) ( 1/x−3 − 3/x(x−3) )
= lim(x→3) ( x-3 / x(x−3) )
= lim(x→3) 1/x
= ⅓
What is limit evaluation?
Function limits are evaluated using many different techniques, such as pattern recognition, simple substitution, or the use of algebraic simplifications.To know more about limit evaluation, click the link given below:
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A student recovers 2.8mL of toluene from 7.0mL of a stock mixture containing cyclohexane and toluene in a 1:1 by volume. What is the percent recovery of toluene? a) 40% b) 50% c) 60% d) 80% e) 85% can you please show steps to solve problem and explain
Answer:
Below
Explanation:
The 7 ml of 1:1 stock mixture contained 3.5 ml of toluene.
recovered 2.8 ml
2.8 / 3.5 * 100% = 80% recovery
Student recovers the 2.8mL of toluene from 7.0mL of the stock mixture containing cyclohexane and toluene in the ratio 1:1 by volume. The percent recovery of the toluene is the correct option is a) 40%.
The total stock mixture = 7.0 mL
The recovered toluene = 2.8 mL
The ratio of the cyclohexane and the toluene = 1 : 1
The percent recovery of toluene is as follows :
Percent recovery of toluene = ( recovered toluene / total stock mixture) × 100 %
Percent recovery of toluene = (2.8 / 7) × 100 %
The Percent recovery of toluene = 40 %
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Imagine you are calling out to your friend as they are walking towards you. How is your friend able to hear the sound you create?
Crests and troughs are created to carry sound waves through air molecules.
Compression and rarefactions carry sound waves through air molecules.
Crests and troughs are created to carry sound waves through moisture in the air (water molecules).
Compressions and rarefactions carry sound waves by bouncing off of solid structures between you and your friend.
Answer:
Compression and rarefactions carry sound waves through air molecules.
Explanation:
which element is diamagnetic? A. zn B. v C. rb D. li E. F
Option (E) . F (Fluorine (F), the most reactive chemical element and the lightest member of the halogen elements, or group 17 (group VIIa) of the periodic table)
What is the fluorine used for?
Fluorine is important in the manufacture of core materials for nuclear power plants and for the insulation of utility poles. Hydrogen fluoride, which is a fluorine compound, is used to etch glass. Fluorine, like Teflon, is used in the manufacture of plastics and is also important for dental health.
Why is the fluorine toxic?
Fluoride is very potent and irritant tissues comes contact. Depending on the gas concentration at the time of exposure, it can cause injuries ranging from mild irritation to chemical burns. Very irritating to lungs, mucous membranes, skin and eyes.
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the ksp of pbi2 is 9.8×10–9. what is the lowest concetrtion of pb ions solution needed
The ksp of PbI₂ is 9.8 × 10⁻⁹. The lowest concertation of Pb ions solution needed is 1.34 × 10⁻³.
The ionization is given as :'
PbI₂ ⇄ Pb²⁺ + 2I⁻
The ksp value = 9.8 × 10⁻⁹
The ksp expression is as follows :
ksp = [Pb²⁺ ] [I⁻]²
where,
[Pb²⁺ ] = x
[I⁻]² = 2x
9.8 × 10⁻⁹ = x × (2x)²
9.8 × 10⁻⁹ = 4x³
x³ = 2.45 × 10⁻⁹
x = 1.34 × 10⁻³
The concentration of the Pb is 1.34 × 10⁻³.
Thus, the concentration of the Pb in the solution is 1.34 × 10⁻³.
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if the mass percent of oxygen in na2cr2o7 is 42.8%, what is the mass of oxygen atoms in grams in 12.3 grams of na2cr2o7?
The mass of oxygen atoms in 12.3 g of Na2Cr2O7 is 5.27 g.
What is Sodium dichromate?
Sodium dichromate is the inorganic compound with the formula Na₂Cr₂O₇.
If the mass percent of oxygen in Na2Cr2O7 is 42.8%, then the mass of oxygen atoms in 100 g of Na2Cr2O7 would be 42.8 g.
To find the mass of oxygen atoms in 12.3 g of Na2Cr2O7.
we can simply multiply the mass of oxygen in 100 g of Na2Cr2O7 by 12.3 g and divide by 100 g:
Mass of oxygen in 12.3 g of Na2Cr2O7 = (42.8 g / 100 g) * 12.3 g
Mass of oxygen in 12.3 g of Na2Cr2O7 = 5.27 g
So the mass of oxygen atoms in 12.3 g of Na2Cr2O7 is 5.27 g
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20) How many moles of argongas contain 7.52 x 10^22 Ar atoms? A) 0.125 mol B) 1.25 mol C) 0.0801 mol D) ON mol E) 0.0125 mol
0.0125 mol of argongas contain 7.52 x 10^22 Ar atoms.
Number of moles = (7.52 x 10^22 Ar atoms) / (6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mol)
= 0.0125 mol
What is atoms?
Atoms are the smallest particles of matter that make up all living and non-living things. They are made up of three different smaller particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons have a positive charge and neutrons have no charge. Electrons have a negative charge and circle around the nucleus of the atom. Atoms can join together to form molecules, which have different properties than the atoms they are made of. Atoms are the building blocks of the universe and are constantly interacting with each other.
Therefore, 0.0125 mol of argongas contain 7.52 x 10^22 Ar atoms.
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which pathway produces the most atp molecules?
There are three main pathways that produce ATP molecules in cells: glycolysis, the citric acid cycle (also known as the Krebs cycle), and the electron transport chain.
The ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) molecule is the main source of energy for cells. It's the energy currency used by cells to perform various functions.
Of these three pathways, the electron transport chain produces the most ATP molecules. This process occurs in the mitochondria, which are the powerhouse of the cell. In this process, electrons are transferred from molecule to molecule, releasing energy along the way. This energy is used to pump hydrogen ions into the inner membrane space of the mitochondria. When these hydrogen ions flow back through the membrane, they release energy that is used to generate ATP molecules.
The electron transport chain involves four protein complexes, each with its own specific function. These complexes work together to transfer electrons from one molecule to the next, releasing energy as they go. At the end of the chain, the electrons are used to reduce oxygen to form water. This process generates a large amount of energy, which is stored in the ATP molecules.
The electron transport chain produces approximately 34 ATP molecules for each molecule of glucose that enters the mitochondria. This is much more than the 2 ATP molecules produced by glycolysis, and the 2-3 ATP molecules produced by the citric acid cycle.
The activity involved in respiration, known as glycolysis, takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell. The citric acid cycle is the second respiration process that takes place inside the cell's mitochondria.
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What is the chemical equation for calcium hydroxide?
Slaked lime is another name for the inorganic substance calcium hydroxide. If calcium oxide is combined with water, it forms a colorless crystal or even a white powder.
How well-versed are you in calcium?
The chemical element calcium (Ca) belongs to the Group 2 (Institute of internal auditors) of the chemical elements and is an alkaline-earth metal. It is the fifth most prevalent element in the Earth's crust and the most prevalent metallic element in human tissue. The 118 elements that make up the periodic table
What is the ideal calcium source?
The main food sources of calcium for Americans are milk, yogurt, and cheeses [1]. Calcium is abundant in these natural sources. Vegetable sources other than dairy include Chinese
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A tall cylinder contains 30 cm of water. Oil is carefully poured into the cylinder, where it floats on top of the water, until the total liquid depth is 40 cm.
The total gauge pressure at the bottom is 3,822 Pa.
The oil and water form two separate layers in the cylinder, with the oil floating on top of the water.
The volume of the oil can be calculated by subtracting the volume of water from the total volume of the liquid. If the total liquid depth is 40 cm and the water depth is 30 cm, then the oil depth is 40 cm - 30 cm = 10 cm.
The volume of the oil can be found by multiplying the height of the oil by the cross-sectional area of the cylinder. The cross-sectional area can be calculated using the formula π[tex]r^{2}[/tex], where r is the radius of the cylinder. The height and radius of the cylinder would need to be known in order to find the exact volume of the oil.
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Why is the trend of ionization energy across a period?
The trend of ionization energy across a period is due to the increased effective nuclear charge experienced by the outermost electrons in the atoms.
What is ionization energy ?Ionization energy is the minimum amount of energy required to remove an electron from a neutral atom or molecule. Ionization energy is also known as ionization potential. It is measured in electron volts (eV) and is the energy needed to break one mole of bonds in a molecule. The higher the ionization energy, the more stable the molecule is. Ionization energy increases with higher nuclear charge and with larger atomic size. It also increases across a period of elements. Ionization energy is important in determining the chemical reactivity of molecules. It is also important in understanding the structure and reactivity of complex molecules.
As you move across a period on the periodic table, the number of protons in the nucleus increases and the electrons are held more tightly by the nucleus. This means that more energy is required to remove the outermost electron from the atom, resulting in a general increase in ionization energy across the period.
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PLEASEE HELP!!!
If 13. 46grams of MgBr2 reacted with 6. 9 grams of KOH
According to the balanced equation, the reaction of 13.46 g of MgBr2 with 6.9 g of KOH will produce 6.9 g of Mg(OH)2 and 13.46 g of KBr.
The number of moles of MgBr2 and KOH can be calculated using the molar mass of each compound. 13.46g MgBr2 has a molar mass of 184.11 g/mol, so the number of moles of MgBr2 is 0.073 moles. 6.9g KOH has a molar mass of 56.1 g/mol, so the number of moles of KOH is 0.123 moles.
A chemical reaction is a process that involves the rearrangement of atoms or molecules to form new substances. Chemical reactions involve breaking and forming chemical bonds, which leads to the formation of new substances. Chemical reactions typically involve the transfer of electrons between molecules, or the breaking and forming of chemical bonds between atoms. This process usually results in the formation of new substances, as well as the release of energy in the form of heat and light.
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a 32 oz (1l) bottle of mountain dew contains 124 grams of sugar (fructose) and 4.5 mg caffeine what is the chemical formula for fructose? what is the concentration of sugar in mg/l? what is the molar concentration of sugar ? what is the concentration of sugar in % (by weight)? what is the concentration of sugar in ppm (parts per million)? what is the molar concentration of caffeine? what is the concentration of caffeine in % (by weight)? what is the concentration of caffeine in ppm (parts per million)? what is the concentration of water in % what is the concentration of water in ppm (parts per million)? calculate an approximate density if the suga is fully dissolved in the
The density of the sugar solution can be estimated to be (124 g + 32 oz) / 32 oz = 4 g/mL.
The chemical formula for fructose is C6H12O6.
The concentration of sugar in mg/L is 124000 mg/L.
The molar concentration of sugar is (124000 mg/L) / (180.16 g/mol) = 688.2 mM.
The concentration of sugar in % (by weight) is (124 g / 32 oz) * 100% = 387.5%.
The concentration of sugar in ppm (parts per million) is (124000 mg / 32 oz) * (1000000 mg/L) = 388000000 ppm.
The molar concentration of caffeine is (4.5 mg / 194.19 g/mol) = 0.023 mM.
The concentration of caffeine in % (by weight) is (4.5 mg / 32 oz) * 100% = 0.14%.
The concentration of caffeine in ppm (parts per million) is (4.5 mg / 32 oz) * (1000000 mg/L) = 14000 ppm.
The concentration of water in % (by weight) is 100% - 387.5% - 0.14% = 62.36%.
The concentration of water in ppm (parts per million) is (32 oz - 124 g - 4.5 mg) * (1000000 mg/L) / 32 oz = 62,360,000 ppm.
An approximate density of the sugar solution (assuming all sugar is fully dissolved in water) can be calculated using the density of water, which is about 1 g/mL. The density of the sugar solution can be estimated to be (124 g + 32 oz) / 32 oz = 4 g/mL.
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What is the percent composition of a compound if it contains 40 grams of sulfur and 60 grams of oxygen?
A) 40% sulfur and 60% oxygen
B) 50% sulfur and 50% oxygen
C) 67% sulfur and 33% oxygen
D) 33% sulfur and 67% oxygen
Answer:
The correct answer is C.) 67% sulfur and 33% oxygen
Explanation:
The total mass of the compound is 40 grams of sulfur + 60 grams of oxygen = 100 grams. To find the percent composition of sulfur, we divide 40 grams by 100 grams and multiply by 100:
(40 g / 100 g) * 100% = 40%
To find the percent composition of oxygen, we divide 60 grams by 100 grams and multiply by 100:
(60 g / 100 g) * 100% = 60%
So the compound contains 67% sulfur and 33% oxygen.
Any material made of two or more substances that can be physically separated?
Materials made of two or more substances that can be physically separated are homogeneous and heterogeneous.
What is substance?The matter is something that exists by itself and continues to exist when conditions and properties change. The substance consists of two types, namely pure substances or elements and compounds and mixtures or homogeneous mixtures and heterogeneous mixtures.
Chemical changes cause a substance to appear with different types and properties from the original substance. Homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures are substances that can be separated physically. the matter has mass and occupies space. Based on the shape, substances are classified into three types namely solid, liquid, and gas.
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what two elements are exceptions to electron configuration
Chromium and copper are the two primary exceptions to electron configuration.
Because a fully or largely filled d sub-level is more stable than a partially filled d sub-level in these instances, an electron from the 4s orbital gets excited and climbs to the 3d orbital.
Exceptions are made because half-full or full shells or subshells are more stable than partially filled shells or subshells. When the energy level difference between two subshells is modest, an electron may move to the higher level shell to fully or partially fill it.
The valence electrons of transition metals are located in the d subshell. It is far more preferable (and stable) to have a shell that is either half full or completely full rather than somewhat filled.
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Which substance will exhibit hydrogen bonding between molecules?
a. CH_3CH_2-OH
b. (CH_3)_3 N
c. HI
d. CH_3-O-CH_3
e. CH_3CH_2-F
The correct option is A. Out of the following compound Ethanol (C2H5OH) exhibit hydrogen bonding because in ethanol H atom is directly attached with O atom.
Hydrogen bond formed when H atom is attached with any electronegative atom such as Oxygen or Nitrogen by sharing of electron that is by covalent bonding. In this case the difference in their electronegativity makes the covalent bond polar and make H atom partially positive. This partially positive H atom attracts an another partially negative atom of O which results in the electrostatic attraction between them which leads to H bonding. Presence of alcoholic group (OH) in ethanol is responsible for the H bonding. Highly electronegative elements such as Chlorine Cl, Fluorine F also exhibits Hydrogen bonding.
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Sodium chloride (nacl) is an ionic compound. We can effectively model it as sodium atoms with one electron removed next to chlorine atoms with one electron added. The attractive force between the positive and negative charges holds the crystal together.
Yes, that is correct. Sodium chloride (NaCl) is an ionic compound composed of sodium (Na+) cations and chloride (Cl-) anions held together by electrostatic forces.
In this compound, sodium atoms have one electron removed (Na+), while chlorine atoms have one electron added (Cl-). The electrostatic forces of attraction between the positive and negative charges of the ions is what holds the crystal lattice together.
Ionic compounds such as sodium chloride (NaCl) are composed of a lattice of positive and negative ions. The cations and anions are held together in the lattice by strong electrostatic forces of attraction. The ions are arranged in an orderly fashion in the lattice and this arrangement is what gives the compound its physical properties.
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how do you find the projection of u onto v?
The dot product formula may be used to get the projection of a vector u onto another vector
define magnitude ?
What is magnitude in Physics is undoubtedly a crucial topic in science. Magnitude is a broad term for amount or distance. In terms of motion, we may associate magnitude with the size and speed of the item as it travels.
The magnitude of a thing or amount is its size. In terms of speed, a car travels quicker than a motorcycle. In this situation, the magnitude of the car's speed exceeds that of the motorcycle. Let us now look at what magnitude means in physics.
(u. v / |v|2) * v = proj v(u)
where:
(u. v) is the dot product of u and v, reflecting the component of u that is in the direction of v |v| is the magnitude of v, representing the vector v's length
We get the scalar multiple of the unit vector in the direction of v by dividing the dot product by the magnitude of v squared. This is equivalent to the projection of u onto v.
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How many mateule,an in
45g MgCl2
Is (45)/(111)' or '=0.405' moles are contained in 50 grams of magnesium chloride.
MgCl2 has how many moles of Mg?Since one mole of magnesium and two moles of chlorine make up one mole of MgCl2, the total mass of the constituent elements must equal one mole of MgCl2.Determining the number of modes is equal to the provided mass divided by the smaller mass, Therefore, 95 points 211 gram per mole is the molar mass of mg cl 2. The 200-gram mask has also been handed to us. Our final result, which equals do plus two plus ten moles, will be obtained from this point.Is (45)/(111)' or '=0.405' moles are contained in 50 grams of magnesium chloride.To learn more about moles refer to:
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The K a of propanoic acid ( C 2 H 5 COOH ) is 1. 34 × 10 − 5. Calculate the pH of the solution and the concentrations of C 2 H 5 COOH and C 2 H 5 COO − in a 0. 597 M propanoic acid solution at equilibrium
The pH of the solution is 2.55 and the concentrations of C₂H₅COOH and C₂H₅COO⁻ are 0.594 M and 0.00282 M respectively.
The following chemical equation describes how propanoic acid, a weak acid, will ionise in water.
C₂H₅COOH(aq) + H₂O(l) ↔ C₂H₅COO⁻(aq) + H₃O⁺(aq)
The concentration of the initial solution of propanoic acid is 0.597 M.
The Ka of propanoic acid is 1.34 × 10⁻⁵.
Let the concentration of each of the products is x.
Now, We have Ka = [C₂H₅COO⁻] [H₃O⁺] / [C₂H₅COOH] [H₂O]
or, 1.34 × 10⁻⁵ = x × x / 0.597
or, x² = 0.8 × 10⁻⁵
or, x = 2.82 × 10⁻³ M
or, x = 0.00282 M
So, concentration of C₂H₅COO⁻ = x = 0.00282 M
Concentration of C₂H₅COOH = 0.597 - 0.00282 = 0.594 M
Now, pH of solution = -log[H₃O⁺] = -log[x] = -log(0.00282) = 2.55
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Which Of The Following Would Be Expected To Behave As A Nucleophile? SH NH, NH4 Но
The following species are expected to behave as nucleophiles: SH
A species known as a nucleophile provides an electron pair in order to create a chemical bond. For this species to take part in nucleophilic processes, it has to have a single pair of electrons or a negative charge.
Because the sulphur atom in SH has a single pair of electrons, it is a nucleophile and an excellent candidate for electron donation.
Because the nitrogen atom in NH2 contains a single pair of electrons, it can donate electrons to another atom to create a chemical connection, making it a nucleophile.
Because the nitrogen atom of NH3 has a single pair of electrons that can take part in nucleophilic processes, it is a nucleophile.
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Q: Why is charcoal added to the reaction mixture in step 4? Experiment Procedure 1. Combine 2 g benzil with 20 mL 10% KOH in ethanol in a 100 mL RBF. 2. Add a magnetic stir bar and gently reflux the mixture for 15 minutes (see page xvi). 3. Remove the heat and allow the mixture to cool to near room temperature. 4. Add a large scoop of activated charcoal and 50 mL of tap water to the flask. Allow the mixture to continue stirring for five minutes. 5. Filter the solution via vacuum filtration. Your product is dissolved in the filtrate; the solid on the Büchner funnel may be discarded. The filtrate should be clear and colorless; if not, repeat steps 4 and 5. 6. Pour the filtrate into a 250 mL beaker with approximately 25-50 mL ice. Add concentrated hydrochloric acid with constant stirring until the solution reaches pH 1 (see the Techniques section, page xiii). 7. Collect the solid product with vacuum filtration. 8. Place the solid benzilic acid into a clean 150 mL beaker to recrystallize it. Use a minimal amount of water on a hot plate to recrystallize the solid (see the Techniques section, page xiii). 9. Collect the solid in a vial and allow it to dry until the next lab session.
Charcoal is added to the reaction mixture in step 4 to remove impurities and improve the purity of the final product.
Activated charcoal is a commonly used adsorbent in organic chemistry. It is added to the reaction mixture in step 4 of the experiment procedure to remove impurities and improve the purity of the final product. Activated charcoal works by adsorbing impurities onto its surface, which allows for their removal from the reaction mixture. This is especially important in cases where impurities can negatively affect the outcome of the reaction or the quality of the final product.
In this experiment, the activated charcoal is added after the reaction is complete and the mixture has cooled to near room temperature. The mixture is then stirred for five minutes, allowing the activated charcoal to interact with the impurities.
The solution is then filtered via vacuum filtration, removing the activated charcoal and impurities from the reaction mixture.
The filtrate should be clear and colorless, indicating that the activated charcoal was effective in removing impurities. If the filtrate is not clear and colorless, the steps 4 and 5 should be repeated until a clear and colorless solution is obtained.
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if co2 in the atmosphere increases 2ppm for every 10 gigatons of anthropogenic carbon that is added, what will the abundance of co2 be 50 years from now (assuming 'business as usual')?
It is estimated that atmospheric CO2 levels will continue to increase if significant actions are not taken to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
According to the Global Carbon Project, in 2020, global carbon emissions were about 41 gigatons. If we assume this rate continues, then in 50 years, the emissions will be about 2050 gigatons, which would lead to an increase in CO2 in the atmosphere by about 100 ppm.
However, this estimate is based on current trends and does not take into account potential changes in emissions and other factors that could affect the rate of CO2 increase.
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Consider the following reaction: 2NOCl(g) ⇌ 2NO(g) + Cl2(g). Which of the following would result in an increase of chlorine gas?
An increase in temperature would result in an increase of chlorine gas. An increase in temperature would shift the equilibrium to the side with the greater number of moles of gas, which is the side with chlorine gas. This results in an increase in the concentration of chlorine gas.
What does Le Chatelier's Principle states?According to Le Chatelier's Principle, when a system at equilibrium is subjected to a stress, the system adjusts to counteract the stress and reestablish equilibrium.
What is chlorine used for?Chlorine is used as a bleach in the manufacture of cloth and paper. It can also play a major role in the production of pesticides, rubber, and solvents. It is used in drinking water and swimming pool water to destroy dangerous bacteria.
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In given reaction 2NOCl(g) ⇌ 2NO(g) + Cl₂(g ) Chlorine gas would rise as a result of an increase in temperature.
The equilibrium would shift to the chlorine gas side, which has a greater number of moles, as a result of an increase in temperature. Chlorine gas concentration rises as a consequence of this.
What is stated in Le Chatelier's Principle?Le Chatelier's Principle states that when a system is in equilibrium and is put under stress, it adjusts to counteract the stress and get back into equilibrium.
What is the purpose of chlorine?When making paper and cloth, chlorine is used as a bleach. Additionally, it may play a significant role in the production of solvents, rubber, and pesticides. It is used to kill harmful bacteria in swimming pool and drinking water.
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ch3 methyl anion hybridization and molecular geometry
The central carbon atom in CH3- is sp3 hybridized, meaning that it has four orbitals that are a mix of one 2s orbital and three 2p orbitals.
The CH3 methyl anion (CH3-) is an anion (negative ion) that is formed by adding an electron to a CH3 molecule. These orbitals are arranged tetrahedrally around the central carbon atom.
The molecular geometry of CH3- is trigonal pyramidal, meaning that the central carbon atom is surrounded by three bonds to hydrogen atoms and one bond to the negative electron, forming a pyramid-like shape. The bond angles in CH3- are slightly distorted from the ideal 109.5° due to the presence of the negative charge, resulting in bond angles that are slightly less than 109.5°. This results in a slightly distorted tetrahedral arrangement of the atoms in CH3-.
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