(a) The carbon in CO₃²⁻ has sp² hybridization. (b) The carbon in C₂O₄²⁻ has sp³ hybridization. (c) The nitrogen in NCO⁻ has sp hybridization.
To determine the hybridization of an atom, we need to look at the number of electron groups (bonded atoms and lone pairs) around the central atom. The hybridization describes how these electron groups are arranged in space.
(a) In CO₃²⁻, carbon is bonded to three oxygen atoms, and there is one lone pair on the carbon atom. This gives a total of four electron groups, which indicates sp² hybridization.
(b) In C₂O₄²⁻, each carbon atom is bonded to two oxygen atoms and there is a double bond between them. There are also two lone pairs on each carbon atom. This gives a total of four electron groups, which indicates sp³ hybridization.
(c) In NCO⁻, nitrogen is bonded to both carbon and oxygen atoms, and there is a triple bond between nitrogen and carbon. This gives a total of two electron groups, which indicates sp hybridization.
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A mixture of methane (CH₄) and butane (C₄H₁₀) at one atmosphere pressure and 25°C has a density of 1.375 g/L. Assuming ideal behavior, what is the mass in grams of carbon that are in 1 liter of the mixture?
The mass of carbon in 1 liter of mixture = 1.108 g
What is the mass of carbon in 1 liter of the mixture?The mass of carbon in 1 liter of the mixture is determined as follows:
First the moles of gas is determined using the ideal gas formula:
n = PV/RTn = (1 * 1)/(0.08205L * 298)
n = 0.0409 mole of total gas
mass of gas is then determined using the formula:
mass = density * volumemass = 1 * 1.375
mass = 1.375 g
Let x = mass of CH₄ and y = mass of C₄H₁₀
x + y = 1.375 g
nCH₄ + nC₄H₁₀ = ntotat
moles = mass/molar mass
x + y = 1.695 => y = 1.695 - x
(x/molar mass of CH₄) + [(1.375 - x)/ molar mass C₄H₁₀ = 0.0409
x/16 + (1.375 - x)/58 = 0.0409
x = 0.380 g CH₄
y = 1.375 - 0.380
y = 0.995 g of C₄H₁₀
mass of C in CH₄ = 12/16 * 0.380 = 0.285
mass of C in C₄H₁₀ = 48/58 * 0.995 = 0.823
Mass of carbon in 1 liter of mixture = 0.285 + 0.823
Mass of carbon in 1 liter of mixture = 1.108 g
In conclusion, the carbon is the major component in the mixture.
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Which is the site of gaseous exchange in the lungs?
Write the relationship between displacement, velocity and time?
Explanation:
1. The gaseous exchange in the lungs occurs in the alveoli. They are tiny air sacs at the end of the bronchioles (tiny branches of air tubes in the lungs). The alveoli are where the lungs and the blood exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide during the process of breathing in and breathing out.
What do mitochondria do inside the cell?
Answer:
The most basic answer to this is that the mitochondria generates energy for the cell's power needs.
But... (elaborated in explanation.)
Explanation:
As you may know, the mitochondria is the powerhouse of cells.
The mitochondria can ALSO identify cell death, and determine which cells (dead) must be destroyed.
The mitochondria helps regulate calcium storage, but quickly absorbing calcium ions until needed.
And lastly, the mitochondria can also help generate heat. A process called proton leak. This is known as non-shivering thermogenesis.
An intermetallic compound is found in the magnesium–gallium system that has a composition of 41. 1 wt% mg–58. 9 wt% ga. Specify the formula for this compound.
The formula of the compound will be [tex]Mg_2Ga[/tex]
Empirical formula of compoundsThe compound contains magnesium and gallium. The symbol and magnesium and gallium is Mg and Ga respectively.
Magnesium content is 41.1%
Gallium content is 58.9%
First, find the number of moles of each element in the compound by dividing their percentage compositions with their respective molar weights.
Mg = 41.1/24.505 =1.6772
Ga = 58.9/69.723 = 0.8448
Next, divide each number of moles by the smallest number of moles.
Mg = 1.6772/0.8448 = 2
Ga = 0.8448/0.8448 = 1
Thus, the formula of the compound is [tex]Mg_2Ga[/tex]
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What is the wavelength of a photon if the energy is 7.69 × 10⁻¹⁹ j? (h = 6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ j • s)
The wavelength of a photon if the energy is 7.69 × 10⁻¹⁹ J is
Calculation,
Given energy = 7.69 × 10⁻¹⁹ J
Plank's constant = 6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ J.s
Formula used:
E = hv
E is the energyh is plank's constantv s frequencyv = c/ lemda
Where, c = speed of light =
lamda = wavelength of the photon
Putting the value of v in equation (i), and rearrange the equation.
E = hc/lemda = 6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ J×3[tex]10^{8}[/tex]/lemda = 7.69 × 10⁻¹⁹ J.s
lamda = 6.626 × 10⁻³⁴J×3[tex]10^{8}[/tex] m[tex]s^{-1}[/tex]/7.69 × 10⁻¹⁹J.s = 2.58× [tex]10^{-9}[/tex]m =2.58 nm
So, wavelength of a photon is 2.58 nm
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129) Which of the following metals have the highest atomic mass?
A) Copper
B) Gold
C) Iron
D) Platinum
130) What does the atomic number of an element represent in an neutral atom?
A) Number of electrons and protons.
B) Number of electrons and neutrons.
C) Number of protons and neutrons.
D) Does not have a specific representation.
Answer:
B) Gold
A) Number of electrons and protons.
Explanation:
Atomic Masses (from periodic table):
----> Copper (Cu): 63.546 g/mol
----> Gold (Au): 196.97 g/mol
----> Iron (Fe): 55.845 g/mol
----> Platinum (Pt): 195.08 g/mol
The atomic number represents the number of protons. Neutral atoms have the same number of protons as electrons. The mass number represents the number of protons and neutrons.
Where do neuronal precursor cells that will eventually become hippocampal interneurons reside?
In the subgranular zone
(iii) Calculate the volume of carbon dioxide at room temperature
and pressure that can be obtained from 30.0 g of glucose.
The combustion of 30.0 g of glucose at room temperature and pressure produces 24.0 L of carbon dioxide.
What is combustion?It is a reaction in which a substance burns with oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water.
Let's consider the combustion of glucose.
C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ ⇒ 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O
First, let's convert 30.0 g of glucose to moles using its molar mass.
30.0 g × 1 mol/180.16 g = 0.167 mol
The molar ratio of C₆H₁₂O₆ to CO₂ is 1:6. The moles of carbon dioxide produced are:
0.167 mol Glucose × (6 mol CO₂/1 mol Glucose) = 1.00 mol CO₂
1 mol of an ideal gas at room temperature and pressure occupies 24.0 L.
The combustion of 30.0 g of glucose at room temperature and pressure produces 24.0 L of carbon dioxide.
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Carbon has six protons; therefore, its mass number is six.
a. true
b. false
Answer:
B.) False
Explanation:
The mass number is determined by adding the number of protons and neutrons in an element's nucleus. Since carbon has 6 protons and 6 neutrons, the mass number is 12.
The atomic number is determined by the number of protons in an element's nucleus. Since carbon has 6 protons, the atomic number is 6.
How many moles of sucrose are in 5.25x10^29 sucrose molecules?
Answer:
8.72×10^5
Explanation:
Answered it in the comments! ^^
3 A+B 2C+D
What is the percent yield of the reaction if 7.00 mol of A actually formed 1.00 mol of
C?
Answer:
Percent Yield = 21.4% C
Explanation:
The actual yield is the value that was produced after conducting an experiment. The theoretical yield is the value calculated using the balanced chemical equation.
To find the percent yield, you need to (1) convert moles A to moles C (via the mole-to-mole ratio from equation coefficients) and then (2) calculate the percent yield. It is important to arrange the ratios in a way that allows for the cancellation of units. The final answer should have 3 sig figs to match the sig figs of the values given.
3 A + B -----> 2 C + D
^ ^
7.00 moles A 2 moles C
--------------------- x ---------------------- = 4.67 moles C
3 moles A
Actual Yield
Percent Yield = ------------------------------ x 100%
Theoretical Yield
1.00 moles C
Percent Yield = ------------------------- x 100%
4.67 moles C
Percent Yield = 21.4% C
A positive correlation ______ a causal link, and a negative correlation ______ a causal link.
A. does not necessarily indicate, does not necessarily indicate
B. does not necessarily indicate, always indicates
C. always indicates, does not necessarily indicate
D. always indicates, always indicates
A positive correlation does not necessarily indicate a causal link, and a negative correlation does not necessarily indicate a causal link. Option A
What is correlation?In research, correlation often indicates that some kind of relationship does exist between the variables. This does not actually mean causation. The correlation could be positive or negative.
It should be known that; a positive correlation does not necessarily indicate a causal link, and a negative correlation does not necessarily indicate a causal link. Option A
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Consider the chemical equilibrium of the reaction. NH4OH(aq) NH4 (aq) OH(aq) What will happen to the chemical equilibrium if NH4Cl is added to this solution
Answer:
hydrochloride acidic maby
Explanation:
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Which of the molecules obeys the octet rule? i. bh3 ii. no2 iii. sf6 iv. o3 v. pcl5 select one: a. choice i b. choice ii c. choice iii d. choice iv e. choice v
The molecule obeying the octet rule is option (D) O3.
According to the octet rule, an atom's outer shell or orbit needs to contain eight electrons for the molecule to be stable. Knowing the number of valence electrons in a molecule is made easier by Lewis structure. The electrons involved in bond-forming and non-bonding electron pairs are known as valence electrons.
Each oxygen molecule in ozone or O3 has six valence electrons.Due to the presence of three oxygen molecules, there are a total of 18 valence electrons (6*3=18). Therefore, the Ozone molecule has a total of 18 valence electrons accessible.
Therefore,The molecule obeying the octet rule is option (D) O3.
The resonance structure of O3 is given below;
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What is different about atoms after a redox reaction has happened?
A. They have changed physical states.
B. Their oxidation states have changed.
C. The number of protons has changed.
D. They have higher electronegativities.
SUBMIT
In sharp contrast to elimination reactions, addition reactions are generally favored at ______________________, because ________ is more likely to be negative at such temperatures.
In sharp contrast to elimination reactions, addition reactions are generally favored at low temperature, because enthalpy term is more likely to be negative at such temperatures.
What is Addition Reaction ?An addition reaction is an organic reaction occur when two or more molecules combine to form a larger molecule without the loss of any atoms present in reactant. Addition reaction is favored at low temperature.
What is Elimination Reaction ?Elimination reaction is a type of organic reaction where many atoms either in groups or pairs are removed from a molecule. Elimination reaction is favored at high temperature.
Thus from the above conclusion we can say that In sharp contrast to elimination reactions, addition reactions are generally favored at low temperature, because enthalpy term is more likely to be negative at such temperatures.
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When you are taking a test, you are awake and alert. this means that your brain is currently generating _____.
a. alpha wave
b. beta wave
c. theta wave
d. delta wave
When you are taking a test, you are awake and alert, which means that your brain is currently generating beta waves (Option b).
What are beta waves?The beta waves are a special type of brain waves observed by using electromagnetic devices (especially in physiology).
This type of waves are dominant during conscious thought as well as during cognitive logical thinking processes.
In conclusion, when you are taking a test, you are awake and alert, which means that your brain is currently generating beta waves (Option b).
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A company sells a natural medicine with plant ingredients to help treat dementia, a disease in which people have a hard time remembering things. the natural ingredients in the medicine are most likely from which type of plant?
The type of plant should be ginkgo.
Ginkgo biloba is a popular herbal supplement used to improve memory and prevent dementia, presumably due to its antioxidant properties or anti-amyloid aggregation effects.
What is Dementia?Dementia is a term used to describe when a person's loss of certain behavioral abilities, such as remembering, thinking, and reasoning, interferes with their daily activities and life.
Dementia occurs when neurons in the brain stop functioning, lose their ability to communicate with other cells in the brain, and die. When people develop dementia, they may have problems with a variety of cognitive functions.
What Are Ginkgo Trees Used For?Aside from its decorative aspects, ginkgo biloba is a medical herb with numerous benefits. The tree is frequently used to treat a variety of ailments, including:
Insufficiency of cerebral arteriesDementiaCognitive dysfunctionsDizziness/vertigoMemory lapsesSexual dysfunction caused by SSRIsLearn more about Ginkgo biloba at:
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Sarif is performing a lab experiment, and one of the chemicals is labelled with the
following WHMIS pictogram.
Identify one hazard associated with a chemical that is labelled with this
pictogram. What is one precaution Sarif should take?
Answer:
Sarif should wear protective gloves, protective clothing.
Explanation:
Blank + BaCl2 = BaSO4 + 2NaCl
How to complete this equation so that it is a Double displacement reaction
The complete equation to following equation to make a double replacement reaction is: Na2SO4 + BaCl2 = BaSO4 + 2NaCl.
What is a double displacement reaction.A double displacement reaction is the reaction that involves the replacement of two elements.
According to this question, barium sulfate (BaSO4) and sodium chloride are produced from the chemical equation given.
This clearly suggests that Sodium sulfate is the missing reactant, hence, the complete equation to following equation to make a double replacement reaction is:
Na2SO4 + BaCl2 = BaSO4 + 2NaCl.
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5. The maximum acceptable concentrations of the chemicals listed in Table 2 on page 283, are based on an average daily intake of 1.5 L of drinking water.
a) If a community’s drinking water contained the maximum acceptable levels of lead, how much lead would a person in the community consume in a year?
b) Would you willingly drink this water? Give reasons for your decision.
Based on the the US Environmental Protection Agency guidelines, the maximum allowable concentration of lead in drinking water, yearly intake of lead by the individual = 8.21 mg.
I would not willingly drink the water due to the risk of lead poisoning.
What is the maximum acceptable concentration of Lead in Drinking water?Based on the US Environmental Protection Agency guidelines, the maximum allowable concentration of lead in drinking water is 0.015 mg/L.
a)Given daily average intake of water is 1.5, in one year;
Volume of water intake = 1.5 * 365 = 547.5 L
Yearly intake of lead by the individual = 0.015 mg/L * 547.5
Yearly intake of lead by the individual = 8.21 mg
b) I would not willingly drink the water due to the risk of lead poisoning.
In conclusion, safe, drinking water should be free on contaminants such as lead to avoid lead poisoning.
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The group of students then did an experiment using four different solutes to see which one would be best in their hot pack. To determine which solute would be best, the students mixed 20 g of each solute into separate containers that each held 50 mL of 24°C water. The students then recorded the temperature changes in each container. The data table below shows the maximum and minimum temperature they obtained for each solute, as well as the temperature difference.
Based on the value of temperature increase, the best solute to be used in the hot pack is calcium chloride.
What are exothermic reactions?Exothermic reactions are reactions in which heat is liberated or given by the substances reacting.
The reaction in hot packs are exothermic reactions.
Based on the increase in temperature observed when 20 g of each solute is mixed into separate containers that each held 50 mL of 24°C water, the best solute to be used in the hot pack is calcium chloride.
In conclusion, exothermic reactions give off heat.
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In the following equation, ______ is being oxidized and ______ is being reduced.
CO3 2- + 2H+ → CO2 + H2O
A. None of these
B. carbon, oxygen
C. carbon, hydrogen
D. hydrogen, carbon
[tex]oxidation \: number \: of \: oxygen = \\ before \: rxn = - 2 \\ after \: rxn = - 2[/tex]
[tex]oxidation \: number \: of \: hydrogen = \\ before \: rxn = + 1 \\ after \: rxn = \\ 2x - 2 = 0 \\ x = + 1[/tex]
[tex]oxidation \: number \: of \: carbon = \\ before \: rxn = \\ x - 6 = - 2 \\ x = 4 \\ after \: rxn = \\ x - 4 = 0 \\ x = 4[/tex]
Option A[tex]oxidation \: numbers \: remain \: constant \\ so \: none \:a re \: undergoing \: oxidation \: \\ nor \: reduction \: [/tex]
Answer:
D
Explanation:
I believe that is the answer
What could the fourth quantum number of a 3p3 electron be?
A. ms=-1/2
B. ms=-1
C. ms=+1
D. ms=0
- According to collision theory, what is not a factor that determines if two molecules will bind?
A. The direction the molecules are facing.
B. The speed the molecules are traveling.
C. The specific heat of the molecules.
D. What element the molecules are.
The factor which will not determines if two molecules will bind according to collision theory is the direction the molecules are facing
What is collision theory?Collision theory is a theory which describes of predicting the rate at which chemical reactions occurs between atoms and molecules of elements.
So therefore, the factor which will not determines if two molecules will bind according to collision theory is the direction the molecules are facing
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A solution of ammonia NH3(aq) is at equilibrium. How would the equilibrium
change if NH4* were removed from the solution?
OA. [NH4*] would increase.
OB. [H*] would increase.
C. [NH] would decrease.
OD. [NH3] would increase.
Let's check the equation
[tex]\sf NH_3+H^+\leftrightharpoons NH_4^+H_2O[/tex]
As per Le ch a.tlers principle
Any external factor affecting the concentration or temperature still change the equilibriumSo
If we remove NH_4+
Water would increase
NH_3 would decreaseOption C
Thyroid hormone contains the mineral thyroid hormone contains the ________.
i. mineral iodine.
ii. sodium.
iii. iron.
iv. zinc.
v. thallium.
Thyroid hormone contains the mineral iodine (option I). Details about thyroid hormone can be found below.
What is the thyroid hormone?Thyroid hormone is the hormone produced by the thyroid gland of the body, which is a large butterfly-shaped endocrine gland situated on the front of the neck that produces various hormones.
The thyroid hormone is responsible for regulating metabolism, which controls the amount of calories burnt in a day.
One of the major minerals found in the thyroid is iodine. The thyroid gland absorbs iodine from the bloodstream, and then stores it to aid in the production of thyroid hormones.
Therefore, the thyroid hormone contains the mineral iodine.
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Hard-boiled eggs are made by placing eggs in boiling water until their whites and yolks solidify. Why does hard-boiling an egg take longer at high altitude than at sea level
Hard-boiled eggs are made by placing eggs in boiling water until their whites and yolks solidify. Hard-boiling an egg take longer at high altitude than at sea level because the high altitude lowers the boiling point of the egg.
Why do eggs turn hard when we boil them ?Hard-boiling an egg take longer at high altitude than at sea level because the high altitude lowers the boiling point of the egg. It takes longer for the water to reach 100°C.
Hard boiling an egg is a chemical change or physical change ?Hard boiling egg is a chemical change because the egg cannot back into its original form.
Chemical change are those changes in which substance changes chemical composition. These changes are permanent changes.
Thus from the above conclusion we can say that Hard-boiled eggs are made by placing eggs in boiling water until their whites and yolks solidify. Hard-boiling an egg take longer at high altitude than at sea level because the high altitude lowers the boiling point of the egg.
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9. What is the final concentration when 420 mL of a 12.0 mol/L sodium hydroxide solution is diluted to 2.0 L?
Show your work and explain each step.
Answer: 2.52 M
Explanation:
The product of molarity (moles/litre) and volume in litres yields moles, and the numbers of moles in two solutions means dilute and concentrated are equal, which is expressed by the following equation:
[tex]M_1V_1=M_2V_2[/tex]
[tex]$$Given that\\M $1=12.0 \mathrm{M}$ or mole $/ \mathrm{L}$\\$\mathrm{V} 1=420 \mathrm{ml}$\\$\mathrm{M} 2=$ ?\\$\mathrm{V} 2=2.0 \mathrm{~L}$ or $2000 \mathrm{ml}$\\\\$\mathrm{M} 1 \mathrm{~V} 1=\mathrm{M} 2 \mathrm{~V} 2$\\$\mathrm{M} 2=\mathrm{M} 1 \mathrm{~V} 1 / \mathrm{V} 2$\\$=12.0 * 420 / 2000$\\$=2.52 \ \mathrm{M}$[/tex]
When limestone is decomposed at high temperature and the residue is treated with water, the compound that is formed is
The compound that is formed is calcium hydroxide.
Preparation of calcium hydroxideWhen limestone is decomposed at a high temperature, calcium oxide is formed as the residue.
[tex]CaCO_3 --- > CaO + CO_2[/tex]
When the calcium oxide residue is treated with water, a calcium hydroxide solution is formed.
[tex]CaO + H_2O -- > Ca(OH)_2[/tex]
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