Calvin cycle, also known as the dark reaction, is a series of biochemical reactions that occur in the stroma of chloroplasts in photosynthetic organisms.
The cycle is named after Melvin Calvin, who received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1961 for his research on photosynthesis. The Calvin cycle involves the fixation of carbon dioxide into organic compounds and is a key part of the process of photosynthesis.
The Calvin cycle is outlined in the accompanying diagram. The cycle starts with the fixation of carbon dioxide (CO2) by an enzyme called Rubisco, which uses energy from ATP and NADPH to produce a six-carbon sugar called glucose-6-phosphate (G6P).
This sugar is then converted to other organic molecules such as fructose-6-phosphate (F6P), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P), phosphoglycerate (PGA), and triosephosphate (TP). These molecules are then used to synthesize other organic molecules, such as glucose, sucrose, and amino acids. The cycle is completed when the products are released from the chloroplast and used in other cellular processes.
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Which of the following forms of homeostasis would not be affected by a severe burn involving both the epidermis and dermis
Answer:
loose connective tissue.
Explanation:
Which of the following forms of homeostasis would not be affected by a severe burn involving both the epidermis and dermis? loose connective tissue.
Gene mutations can be passed on to future generations and drive natural selection.
An organism can acquire new features as a result of gene changes that change transcriptional activity or protein function. If a characteristic is present, a genetic variation is more likely to be handed down .
Which mutations can be transmitted to subsequent generations?Almost every cell in an individual's body harbors these hereditary mutations during the course of their lifespan. Hereditary mutations include conditions including cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, and hemophilia. Additional mutations might develop on their own over a person's lifespan. They are referred to as sporadic, spontaneous, or new mutations.
How do genes spread through natural selection?Genetic variations that are advantageous to an individual's survival are passed on through reproduction under natural selection.
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The complete question is -
Gene mutations can be passed on to future generations and drive natural selection of the evolution ?
For the ipledge program, male latex condoms can be used with or without a spermicide.a. Trueb. False
All participants in this programme who have the potential to get pregnant must fully commit to preventing pregnancy.
It is true
Whether or not to use spermicide when using male latex condoms?The only birth control methods that also aid in STI prevention are external (male) and internal (female) condoms. Either one can be used alone or in conjunction with other birth control methods like spermicide.
What prerequisite does the iPLEDGE programme have?iPLEDGE asks you to consent to using two types of birth control if it is physiologically possible for you to get pregnant. No of your amount of sexual activity, sexual orientation, or gender identity, this is typically necessary.
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All of the following are true of antibodies EXCEPT
O they are recognized by phagocytes
O they destroy virus-infected cells
O they can block pathogens from infecting cells
O they bind to specific antigens
All of the following are true of antibodies EXCEPT that they destroy virus-infected cells because antibodies are bind to pathogens and antigens.
Antibodies remove foreign chemicals from the body by attaching to particular antigens. The variable section of the antibody binds to the pathogen when it gets into the body as a pathogen, such as a hazardous bacteria or virus, and ultimately causes a number of activities, such as the pathogen's elimination.
Viruses and intracellular bacteria attach to particular molecules on the surface of the target cell in order to enter the cell. This can be avoided as the pathogen is said to be neutralised by antibodies that bind to it. Antibodies' ability to neutralise bacterial toxins is crucial for preventing their entry into cells.
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PLSSS HELP IF YOU TURLY KNOW THISS
Answer:
Organisms
Explanation:
Water, Minerals, and Air are the resources while Organisms are the ones that fight for those resources
Show how the alleles for tall plant height and short plant height are segregated from each other during gamete formation.
Answer:1111
Explanation:1111
The results of the crossing indicate that all of the offspring's genotypes will be Tt. Several genotypes are produced in the progeny of a species cross.
What is Crossing over?When chromosomes belonging to the identical type are paired together during meiosis, a biological event called crossing over takes place. Components of the chromosome could be exchanged when two chromosomes, one from the mother along with the father, line up.
Several genotypes are produced in the progeny of a specie cross. The total number of genes that an organism has inherited from both of its parents is referred to as genotype.
The dominant allele is represented by the capital letter. If the trait is present in an organism, it always manifests itself regardless of whether the other allele is present. For instance, TT or Tt will be used to indicate tall plants.
The following are the ways in which species cross;
T × t = Tt
T × t = Tt
T × t = Tt
T × t = Tt
As a result, all of the offspring's genotypes will be Tt.
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Buying organically grown foods supports sustainability.
a) True
b) False
12. Explain how reducing the amount of soda you drink could reduce the amount of fossil fuels that are consumed as well as the amount of aluminum that is consumed.
Answer:
Reducing the amount of soda you drink can reduce the number of fossil fuels consumed in several ways. First, the production of soda requires energy to power the manufacturing facilities and transport the finished product to stores and distributors. By drinking less soda, there is less demand for these energy-intensive processes.
Second, soda is often packaged in aluminum cans or bottles. The production of aluminum also requires a significant amount of energy, so reducing the amount of soda consumed can also reduce the amount of aluminum produced. Additionally, recycling aluminum cans and bottles also requires a significant amount of energy, so reducing the amount of soda you drink can also reduce the amount of energy needed to recycle aluminum.
Explanation:
what is the role of cholesterol in a phospholipid bilayer
Answer:
Cholesterol plays a very significant role in the phospholipid bilayer.
Explanation:
It increases the order of the lipid packing, lowers the membrane permeability, and maintains membrane fluidity by forming liquid-ordered–phase lipid rafts
Can muscle tightness cause pain?
After an injury or misuse, sensitive regions of tight muscle fibers can grow in your muscles. These sensitive locations are referred to as trigger points. A muscular trigger point can produce tension and discomfort throughout the muscle.
Doctors refer to this as myofascial pain syndrome when the pain persists and intensifies.
Muscle stiffness is defined by discomfort and difficulty moving, which may be accompanied by cramping, pain, or weakness. Muscle stiffness is most common in the morning and lasts for less than 30 minutes after waking up, or for a few days after engaging in new or more difficult activity.
One of the most prevalent causes of muscular discomfort is muscle rigidity, also known as muscle tension, rigor, or stiffness.
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Please use the video to answer the questions
https://youtu.be/h2xufrHWG3E
Questions
1. What is hemophilia?
2. Is hemophilia dominant or recessive?
3. What are the chromosomes for a female?
4. What are the chromosomes for a male?
5. Which chromosome is hemophilia attached/carried on?
6. Are males or females more likely to have hemophilia?
7. What is a carrier?
8. Who can be a carrier of hemophilia?
9. Does a carrier have hemophilia?
10. What are the alleles for a carrier of hemophilia?
11. What are the alleles for a male with hemophilia?
12. What are the alleles for a male with normal blood clotting?
13. What are the alleles for a female with normal blood clotting?
14. what are the alleles for a female with hemophilia?
15. What treatments are there for hemophilia? (may need to look this one up)
1. A genetic condition known as hemophilia affects the blood's ability to clot, leading to frequent bleeding and easy bruising.
2. Recessive genetic disorder, hemophilia
3. For a female, the chromosome number is XX.
4. A male's chromosomes are XY.
5. The X chromosome is responsible for hemophilia.
6. Hemophilia is more common in men.
7. A person who does not have a genetic disorder but has a copy of the gene for it is known as a carrier.
8. Hemophilia can be carried by anyone.
9. A carrier doesn't have hemophilia, not at all.
10. XH and Xh are the alleles for a hemophilia carrier.
11. 12. A male with hemophilia carries the alleles XhY. For a male with normal blood clotting, the alleles are XHY.
13. For a female with normal blood clotting, the alleles are XX.
14. Females with hemophilia have the alleles XHXh.
15. Replacement therapy, which involves injecting the patient with the missing clotting factor, and gene therapy, which aims to correct the genetic defect that causes the disorder, are two types of treatments for hemophilia. Symptom management options include blood transfusions and physical therapy.
What is Hemophilia?Most of the time, hemophilia is a condition in which the blood does not clot properly. This can cause bleeding on its own or as a result of an injury or surgery. Numerous proteins known as clotting factors can assist in stopping bleeding.
Symptoms Excessive and unexplained bleeding from cuts, wounds, surgery, or dental work.
a lot of deep or large bruises.Strange bleeding following vaccinations.Joint discomfort, swelling, or tightness.Stool or urine stained with blood.bleeds to the nose with no known cause.Unidentified irritability in infants.Hemophilia comes in three forms:
Hemophilia: The most prevalent form of hemophilia is this one...Hematuria: When you don't have enough clotting factor 9 (factor IX), you get hemophilia B...Hemophilia: Deficiency of factor 11 (factor XI) is another name for hemophiliaTo know more about Hemophilia, visit:
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Write a paragraph discussing how producers can use information on optimal growth ranges of plants in their crop selection and production practices. address water, light,temperature, PH, and nutrients in your discussion.
Abiotic resources such as water, light, temperature, PH, and nutrients affect the optimal growth ranges of plants and therefore they should be considered during breeding programs for crop selection and production.
What is the relative importance of abiotic resources in crop production?The abiotic resources are fundamental in any type of crop production and therefore different non-living factors which include water, light, temperature, PH, and nutrients must be taken into account in breeding programs.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that water, light, temperature, PH, and nutrients are factors that should be considered during the improvement of a crop.
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how is our atmosphere different from the atmosphere on venus and mars
Answer:
Earth's atmosphere is a mixture of nitrogen (79%), oxygen (20%), and a small fraction of carbon dioxide, water vapours and other gases. This makes the existence of life possible on Earth. However, the atmospheres on Venus and Mars mainly consist of carbon dioxide.
Which of these is characteristic of the photic zone of a freshwater biome?
A)the presence of algae
B)relatively cool water
C)relatively stable water temperature
D)dead organic matter
E)low oxygen level
These is characteristic of the photic zone of a freshwater biome are the presence of algae as Algae are found in all types of water, including salt water, fresh water, and brackish water (a mixture of salt and fresh water). Algae that live in water are divided into two types: algae and phytoplankton.
Algae are large plants made up of many cells, while phytoplankton are small single-celled plants. Photosynthetic algae called phytoplankton live in the photozone. Zooplankton - small free-floating animals - feed on phytoplankton.
This is the first step in many aquatic food webs. Below the light zone is a dark non-light zone where photosynthesis is not possible. Freshwater benthic algae are found in the photozones of streams and rivers, lakes, and wetlands. A number of terms are used to distinguish groups of benthic organisms that live in various aquatic habitats.
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What is the function of spindle fibers? Where do they attach?
During prophase of mitosis, a specialized region on the centromere called the kinetochore attaches the chromosomes to the spindle filaments.
A centromere is the part of the chromosome that connects sister chromatids. During mitosis, spindle fibers attach to centromeres via kinetochores. Kinetochores produce kinetochore fibers that attach sister chromatids to spindle filaments. Kinetochore and polar spindle fibers work together to manipulate and segregate chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis.
Spindles form protein structures that divide the genetic material within the cell. The mitotic spindle is required to evenly divide the parent cell's chromosomes into her two daughter cells in both types of nuclear division.
mitosis and meiosis.
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Is the following statement true or false?
All cells have the same DNA, but different types of cells express different sets of genes.
The leading cause of lung cancer risk is cigarette smoking. About 80% to 90% of lung cancer deaths in the US are attributed to smoking cigarettes.
Smoking cigars and pipes as well as other tobacco products raises the risk of developing lung cancer.
What are the two cancers brought on by a change in lifestyle?Diet - The usual foods you choose to eat can potentially increase your risk of getting certain cancers. A diet high in processed meats, such as ham, bacon, or salami, can raise your risk of stomach cancer, bowel cancer, and pancreatic cancer.
How may one's way of life be changed to treat lung cancer?You can manage the side effects of cancer and its treatment with the support of a healthy diet, exercise, and stress-relieving activities. In fact, according to Dr. Yarmus, some cancer treatments are more effective when you exercise more, eat healthier, and eliminate bad habits like smoking.
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MULTIPLE CHOICE
When does flowing water deposit the sediments it is carrying?
A
B
C
D
when the water current slows down
when the water current speeds up
only when the river changes direction
water does not deposit sediments, it only erodes sediments
Answer: A. when the water current slows down.
Explanation:
When a water current slows down, the force of the water is not strong enough to continue carrying the sediment, so it drops the sediment and deposit it. The slower the flow, the larger the particles that can be carried and eventually deposited. This is why river deltas, for example, are formed where a river enters a body of water and the flow slows down, allowing sediment to build up and create landforms.
Select the correct answer.
Flagellates are microbes that have a rod-shaped flagellum that helps with their locomotion. Certain flagellates reside inside termites. These flagellates provide enzymes for the termites to digest cellulose, which helps them survive. In turn, the termites provide nourishment to these flagellates. Termites need cellulose for their survival, and flagellates obtain nutrition only from termites. Which statement can be true about the association between these microbes and termites?
A.
The flagellates share a facultative mutualistic association with the termites.
B.
The flagellates and termites share an obligate mutualistic association.
C.
The flagellates share an obligate parasitic association with the termites.
D.
The flagellates and termites share a commensal association.
E.
The flagellates and termites share a facultative parasitic association.
B. The flagellates and termites share an obligate mutualistic association.
Are there specific flagellates that live within termites that have a rod-shaped flagellum that aids in their motility in microbes?Microbes known as flagellates have a flagellum, which is fashioned like a rod and is used for propulsion. Several flagellates are housed within termites. The termites can digest cellulose using these flagellates' enzymes, which aids in their survival. These flagellates in turn receive food from the termites.
Which of the following statements concerning the relationship between bacteria and termites can be true?Mutualism describes the interaction between termites and bacteria since both species gain from it.
What kind of movement do flagellates engage in?Flagellar locomotion can take the form of three-dimensional waves, oar-like beating, or planar waves. Contraction waves pass from the base to the tip of the flagellum or in the opposite direction to cause forward or backward movement in all three of these types of flagellar locomotion.
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Explain which part of DNA stores and transmits genetic information
Answer:
Explanation:
DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the molecule that stores and transmits genetic information in all living organisms. Genetic information is stored in the sequence of nucleotides, the building blocks of DNA. Each nucleotide is made up of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. There are four types of nitrogenous bases in DNA: adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C).
The specific sequence of these bases along the DNA strand is what encodes the genetic information. For example, the sequence ATGCAGA might code for a specific protein, while the sequence GACATAG might code for a different protein. These sequences of bases are stored in specific regions of the DNA called genes.
The genetic information is transmitted during cell division, when the DNA is replicated, and during protein synthesis, when the information in the DNA is used to build the specific proteins determined by the genetic code.
Water is cooler near the poles and warmer near the equator. Movement of cooler and warmer water from these regions moderates the global climate. Which of the following describes the movement of water between the poles and the equator?
Option C. ocean currents describe the movement of water between the poles and the equator.
What is the relative importance of ocean currents in the movement of water?The relative importance of ocean currents in the movement of water between the poles and the equator is based on the fact they (ocean currents) are continuous, predictable, and also directional depending on the natural features of the earth planet, which is determined by the attractive forces that shape this movement, i.e., gravity, as well as the presence of winds and water body density
Therefore, with this data, we can see that ocean currents are a fundamental issue associated with the movement of water bodies in the oceans and other types of water bodies on the earth planet, which occurs between the poles and the equator due to certain features of water such as gravity, winds, and density.
Complete question:
Water is cooler near the poles and warmer near the equator. Movement of cooler and warmer water from these regions moderates the global climate. Which of the following describes the movement of water between the poles and the equator?A. evaporation
B. tides
C. ocean currents
D. gravity
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Help me please I need this soon
Answer:
In teliphase four daughters are formed
Answer of 20 is yes
There were _____ people in 1960.
Answer: 3,034,949,748
Explanation: If u do some research on the web you could find the answer.
What are some functions of cells produced from mitosis?
The cells will be identical and can be used for growth and tissue repair.
The cells will be genetically diverse for asexual reproduction.
The cells will contain some DNA from the parent cell for tissue repair.
The cells will contain a partial genome from the parent cell for sexual reproduction.
Answer:
A: The cells will be genetically identical to the parent cell and can be used for growth and tissue repair.
Explanation:
what are the major causes of moving air masses in North America? Choose two that apply. A- Changing Humidity B- Low temperatures C.- jet stream D.- Prevailing westerlies
The major causes of moving air masses in North America are : C.- jet stream and D.- Prevailing westerlies. Cold air masses move towards the equator and warm air masses move towards the poles.
What are the types of air masses in North America?The air masses in and around North America include continental arctic , maritime polar, maritime tropical, continental tropical, and continental polar air masses. Air is not the same everywhere.
Air masses are large bodies of air that have similar temperature and humidity and these are moved around the atmosphere by prevailing winds that blow in one direction. At the boundaries between the air masses, weather fronts form.
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90 % of marine organisms and 70% of land organisms died off due to environmental and/or climate changes during the paleozoic era.
During the Paleozoic era, marine organisms and land organisms died due to environmental changes such as warmer temperatures and drier soil.
What is the paleozoic era?The Paleozoic era is the time when the Earth's condition was still unstable. This epoch lasted about 340 million years. Signs of life such as single-celled creatures (microorganisms), small animals without backbones, types of fish, and types of algae or grasses began to be found.
Natural conditions that began to change with warm temperatures and drier soil caused marine and land organisms to die so the Mesozoic era was also referred to as the age of reptiles because the earth was dominated by large reptiles such as dinosaurs and Atlantosaurus.
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Beginning with the flow phase arrange the bichemical processes in the order in which they occur during the menstural cycle
Beginning with the flow phase, the biochemical processes in the order in which they occur during the menstrual cycle include the following below:
1. High progesterone levels maintain the endometrium lining of the uterus.
2. Endometrium lining breaks down and low levels of estrogen stimulate the pituitary to release FSH and LH.
3. FSH and LH stimulates the follicles to develop and the oocyte to produce estrogen.
4. Rising estrogen levels suppress FSH production and development of other follicles.
5. A spike in LH causes follicle to rupture.
6. A breakdown of corpus luteum causes progesterone level to drop.
What is Menstrual cycle?This is referred to as the monthly series of changes a woman's body goes through in preparation for the possibility of pregnancy.
High progesterone levels maintain the endometrium lining of the uterus and undergoes several processes mentioned above till breakdown of corpus luteum causes progesterone level to drop.
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The question is:
Beginning with the flow phase arrange the biochemical processes in the order in which they occur during the menstural cycle
FSH and LH stimulate the follicles to develop and the oocyte to produce estrogen.
A breakdown of corpus luteum causes progesterone levels to drop.
A spike in LH causes the follicle to rupture.
The endometrial lining breaks down and low levels of estrogen stimulate the pituitary to release FSH and LH.
Rising estrogen levels suppress FSH production and development of other follicles.
High progesterone levels maintain the endometrial lining of the uterus.
Which term would be directly related to the science of ecology? Select all that apply.
Responses
endocrine system
integumentary system
population density
population growth
Answer: population desnsity
Explanation: Types, Importance And Examples Of Ecology What is Ecology? Ecology is a branch of science, including human science, population, community, ecosystem and biosphere. Ecology is the study of organisms, the environment and how the organisms interact with each other and their environment.
Answer:
population density
population growth
Explanation:
During what stage does the g1 s and g2 phases happen?
G1 and G2 phases happen as interphase, for the preparation before the mitotic phase started.
Phases of the cell cycleThe cell cycle refers to the cycle of growth and development of cells by dividing. After the cell divides into two daughter cells, it can start the same process over again.
The stages of the cell cycle are divided into two major steps: interphase and mitotic phase. Interphase looks like the preparation before the next steps. It includes 3 phases :
G1 phase (cell growth) is the first phase of the interphase. In this phase, the cell grows larger and also copies the organelles of cells. S phase (DNA synthesis) is the phase when the cell copies its DNA to produce two sister chromatids and also duplicate the nucleosome. G2 phase (cell growth) is the phase for reorganizing cellular content before mitosis begins.From the above explanation, "inter" reflects that interphase occurs between the mitotic phase and the next step.
Thus, G1, S, and G2 phases take place in the interphase before mitotic phase.
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How does cardiorespiratory endurance benefit physical activity?
Your physical fitness will be affected by your cardiorespiratory endurance: Climbing Tanzania's Mount Kilimanjaro requires cardiorespiratory stamina.
Maximum Aerobic Power VO2 max is another term for maximum aerobic power. Your body's capacity to utilize oxygen is referred to in this. The capacity of the heart, lungs, and muscles to function during moderate to vigorous physical activity is known as cardiorespiratory endurance. Regular exercise, particularly aerobic exercise, can enhance cardiorespiratory endurance.
Regular endurance training results in the physiological changes and long-term advantages listed below: - A healthy cardiorespiratory system can easily keep up with the body's need for oxygen, fuel, and waste elimination while at rest.
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What type of inheritance is shown by the genes that control sickle cell anemia? Explain your response.
Answer:
This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern , which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition.