What is advantage and disadvantage of horizontal and vertical axis turbine?

The change in momentum of a dynamic cart acted upon by the force of a spring is related to the impulse.Impulse is equal to the change in momentum of an object. The force that acts on an object over a given time period determines the impulse. It is the product of force and time.

Impulse, in fact, is also equal to the total momentum of the object before the force is applied. Impulse is a vector quantity with the same direction as the force, as well as the momentum.

The impulse delivered to the cart by the spring will be equal and opposite to the impulse exerted by the cart on the spring, according to Newton's third law of motion.

As a result, the change in momentum of the dynamic cart due to the force of a spring is related to the impulse.

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Answer:

The symbol of an electron is e–

Explanation:

Why?:
The "e" represents "electron". The "-" represents the negative charge. Electrons are negative because of their behavior in the electric fields. In these electric fields, any given electron will travel from the negative to the positive side of the charge. This gives it a negative charge by convection.

When you are on the top floor of a building, your weight is the same as when you are on the ground floor.

The weight of an object is the measure of the force of gravity acting on the object. The weight of an object is proportional to its mass and the acceleration due to gravity acting on it. The mass of an object is the measure of the amount of matter it contains. The mass of an object is constant, whereas its weight varies with the acceleration due to gravity acting on it.

Since the acceleration due to gravity acting on an object near the surface of the Earth is almost constant, the weight of an object on the ground floor of a building is the same as its weight on the top floor of the same building. In other words, the weight of an object does not change with height as long as the object is at rest or moving with a constant velocity.

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The electric field magnitude at the position of a 30 nC charge that experiences a 0.038 N electric force is 1,266,666.67 N/C.

What is the magnitude of the electric field?

The magnitude of the electric field can be calculated using the formula below:

|E|=|F|/q

Where |E| represents the magnitude of the electric field; |F| represents the magnitude of the electric force on the charged particle; and q is the charge on the particle

Substituting the given values into the equation yields:

|E|=|F|/q

=0.038 N/30 nC

=1,266,666.67 N/C

Thus, the magnitude of the electric field at the position of this charge is 1,266,666.67 N/C.

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The time it takes for a crest of the wave to travel the length of the wire is 0.07 seconds.

To calculate the time it takes for a crest of the wave to travel the length of the wire, we can use the formula:

velocity = frequency x wavelength

First, we need to calculate the velocity of the wave. We know the frequency is 880 Hz and the wavelength is 3 m, so:

velocity = 880 Hz x 3 m

velocity = 2640 m/s

Next, we can use the velocity to calculate the time it takes for a crest of the wave to travel the length of the wire. We know the length of the wire is 6 m, so:

time = distance / velocity

time = 6 m / 2640 m/s

time = 0.00227 s

However, this is the time it takes for the wave to travel one round trip along the wire (i.e. from one end of the wire to the other and back). Since we only want to know the time it takes for a crest of the wave to travel from one end of the wire to the other, we need to divide this result by two:

time = 0.00227 s / 2

time = 0.00114 s

Finally, we can round this answer to two decimal places:

time = 0.07 s

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The true strain at the onset of necking can be obtained from the Hollomon equation as follows: true strain = (K/S)^(1/n).

Here, K is the strength coefficient, S is the stress, and n is the strain hardening exponent. Thus, given the values of these parameters, we can calculate the true strain at the onset of necking.

The Hollomon equation is a mathematical expression for the true stress-true strain curve that relates the true stress to the true strain in a material. It is expressed as follows: true stress = K(true strain)^n. Here, K is the strength coefficient and n is the strain hardening exponent.

The true strain at the onset of necking is the strain at which the material starts to deform plastically instead of elastically. This can be obtained from the Hollomon equation by rearranging it to the form true strain = (K/S)^(1/n). Thus, given the values of the parameters K, S, and n, we can calculate the true strain at the onset of necking.

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The amount of current that must pass through a 400 turn coil 4.0 cm long to generate a 1.0-t magnetic field at the center is 0.013A.

Ampere's law relates the current and magnetic field that circulates around the current. It is named after the French physicist André-Marie Ampère . Ampere's law states that the magnetic field (B) at any point along a closed loop of wire is proportional to the current (I) passing through the loop and inversely proportional to the distance (r) from the current-carrying wire to the point.

So, using Ampere's law, one can determine the magnetic field for any given current.

To calculate the current passing through a 400-turn coil, 4.0 cm long, that generates a 1.0 T magnetic field at the center:

We can use the formula of B = µ(0)NI/L.

Where,μ0 = permeability of free space,

N = number of turns,

I = current,

L = length.

We are given,µ0 = 4π × 10⁻⁷ TmA⁻¹, N = 400 turns, B = 1.0 T and L = 4.0 cm = 0.04 m.∴ 1.0 = 4π × 10⁻⁷ × 400 × I/0.04∴ I = 0.013 A or 13 mA.

Hence, the correct option is a) 0.013 A is the amount of current that must pass through a 400 turn coil 4.0 cm long to generate a 1.0-t magnetic field at the center.

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(a) The position of the particle as a function of time is given by:

x(t) = A cos(2πft)

where A is the amplitude (2.00 cm), f is the frequency (1.50 Hz), and cos is the cosine function.

Substituting the given values, we get:

x(t) = 2.00 cos(3πt)

(b) The maximum speed of the particle occurs at the equilibrium position, where the displacement is zero. At this point, the velocity is maximum and is given by:

vmax = Aω

where ω is the angular frequency and is equal to 2πf. Substituting the given values, we get:

vmax = 2.00 × 2π × 1.50 = 18.85 cm/s

(c) The earliest time at which the particle has this speed is when it passes through the equilibrium position. This happens at t = 0, so the earliest time is t = 0.

(d) The maximum positive acceleration of the particle occurs at the ends of its motion, where the displacement is maximum. At these points, the acceleration is given by:

amax = Aω^2

Substituting the given values, we get:

amax = 2.00 × (2π × 1.50)^2 = 282.74 cm/s^2

(e) The earliest time at which the particle has this acceleration is when it reaches the maximum displacement. This happens at t = 1/4T, where T is the period of the motion. The period is given by:

T = 1/f = 2/3 s

So, t = 1/4T = 1/4 × 2/3 = 0.33 s

(f) The total distance traveled by the particle between t = 0 and t = 1.00 s is equal to one complete cycle of its motion. The distance traveled in one complete cycle is equal to four times the amplitude, or:

4A = 8.00 cm

Therefore, the total distance traveled is:

8.00

While you stand on the floor you are pulled downward by gravity and supported upward by the floor. Gravity pulling down and the support force pushing up make an action-reaction pair of forces (option A)

Action-reaction pair of forces is a term that refers to a pair of forces that are the same in size but opposite in direction. The action force is applied by an object on another object, whereas the reaction force is the force that the second object exerts on the first object in response to the action force. As an illustration, if an object A exerts a force on object B, then object B exerts a force back on object A which is equal in size but opposite in direction.

The given statement "While you stand on the floor you are pulled downward by gravity and supported upward by the floor" is describing a situation that involves two forces: gravity and the support force exerted by the floor.

Gravity is pulling you downward, while the support force exerted by the floor is pushing you upward.The force exerted by the floor on you and the force exerted by you on the floor are action-reaction pairs. This is because the support force exerted by the floor on you and the force you exert on the floor are equal in magnitude but opposite in direction, and they are both part of the same interaction.

Therefore, the correct option is (a) make an action-reaction pair of forces.

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Option C, The net force on the toy locomotive moving on a straight track along the x-axis is equal to zero at t=3s.

A force is any push or pull that results in a modification in the state of motion of an object. The net force on an object is the combination of all forces acting on it in a specific direction. An object in motion will continue to move in a straight line at a steady velocity unless acted upon by a net force, according to Newton's first law of motion. The equation of motion for the toy locomotive is as follows:

x = t³ - 6t² + 9t

We must differentiate this equation twice to determine the acceleration of the toy locomotive.

a = x′′= 6t - 12, At time t = 3 seconds, the net force on the toy locomotive is zero. This occurs when the acceleration of the toy locomotive equals zero.

6t - 12 = 0t = 2

Therefore, the net force on the toy locomotive moving on a straight track along the x-axis is equal to zero at t = 3 seconds.

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Mixing the primary pigment colors (cyan, magenta, and yellow) together produces a subtractive color mixing process. On the other hand, mixing the primary colors of light (red, green, and blue) together results in an additive color mixing process.

When these  primary pigments are mixed together, they absorb certain wavelengths of light, resulting in a color that appears to be darker than the original colors. When these primary colors of light  are mixed, they produce new colors that are lighter and brighter than the original colors. For example, mixing red and green light creates yellow light, which appears brighter than either red or green light alone.

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The statement "electrical current of flow occurs when a person or conducting object bridges the gap between live conductors and the ground or live conductors." is true because when the gap between conductors and the ground is covered then current flows.

This happens when electricity is conducted through a circuit and creates a potential difference between two points.

This potential difference can cause electrons to move through the circuit and creates a current flow. When there is a gap or break in the circuit, electrons will attempt to fill the gap, creating a current of flow.

This current can cause injury or shock to anyone bridging the gap, so it is important to take precautions when dealing with live wires.

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The mechanical energy of the systems in all four cases is conserved, except for in Case III and Case IV.

In Case I, the mechanical energy of the two blocks is conserved because the surface is frictionless and there are no external forces on either block.

In Case III, the mechanical energy of the block is not conserved because tension from the string is a non-conservative external force.

In Case II, the mechanical energy of the spring and block system is not conserved because the surface is rough.

In Case IV, after the cannonball is launched and before it hits the ground, the mechanical energy of the system is not conserved because there is an external force from the cannon on the ball that makes it fly forward.

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If a wire of cross-sectional area equal to a has a resistance of r, then another wire of the same material with a cross-sectional area equal to 2a will have a resistance of: d. r/4.

The larger the cross-sectional area of a conductor, the lower its resistance. Resistance varies inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area of a conductor. Therefore, if a wire of cross-sectional area equal to a has a resistance of r, then another wire of the same material with a cross-sectional area equal to 2a will have a resistance of:r/2, according to the formulaR = ρL/A, whereR = resistance of a wireρ = resistivity of wireL = length of the wireA = cross-sectional area of the wire

The resistance of the wire is proportional to its length and inversely proportional to its cross-sectional area. Therefore, the resistance of the wire will be reduced if the cross-sectional area of the wire is increased.

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Explanation:

Please give a brainliest answer

The correct answer is B. At the bottom of the Ferris wheel, the person's apparent weight is at its maximum.

How to find apparent weight?

The apparent weight of a person on a Ferris wheel is due to the combination of two forces acting on them: the gravitational force and the centrifugal force. As the Ferris wheel rotates, the direction and magnitude of the centrifugal force change, causing the apparent weight of the person to vary.

At the top of the Ferris wheel, the person's apparent weight is at its minimum because the centrifugal force is directed downwards, opposing the gravitational force. At the bottom of the Ferris wheel, the person's apparent weight is at its maximum because the centrifugal force is directed upwards, adding to the gravitational force.

Halfway up, going down, the person's apparent weight is less than their true weight, but more than it is at the top because the centrifugal force is still directed downwards, but its magnitude is decreasing. Similarly, halfway up, going up, the person's apparent weight is less than their true weight, but more than it is at the bottom because the centrifugal force is still directed upwards, but its magnitude is decreasing.

Therefore, the correct answer is B. At the bottom of the Ferris wheel, the person's apparent weight is at its maximum.

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By kirchoff rule ,The sum of the magnitudes of the currents directed into a junction equals the sum of the magnitudes of the currents directed out of the junction. Therefore, the correct option is d, which says that the sum of the magnitudes of the currents directed into a junction equals the sum of the magnitudes of the currents directed out of the junction.

How does a junction work?A junction is a point where two or more lines meet. The current flowing into the junction must be the same as the current flowing out of it. The current will divide into various branches at the junction. The sum of the current entering the junction equals the sum of the current exiting the junction. Therefore, the current through one branch must be subtracted from the current through the other branch when calculating the current through each branch.The law of conservation of charge says that charge is neither created nor destroyed. Thus, the sum of the charges that flow into a junction must equal the sum of the charges that flow out of it, according to Kirchhoff's junction rule.The Kirchhoff's junction rule states that the sum of the currents into a junction must equal the sum of the currents leaving the junction. When two or more resistors are connected in a circuit, they share the current flowing through the circuit in the same direction, and the current is split into two or more branches.

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The graph would look like a series of two linear slopes, one going up and one going down.

A linear slope, also known as a straight-line slope, refers to the rate of change of a linear function, which is represented by a straight line on a graph. In mathematical terms, the slope is defined as the ratio of the change in the vertical coordinate (y) to the change in the horizontal coordinate (x) between any two points on the line.

The slope of a linear function is constant throughout the line, meaning that the rate of change remains the same regardless of the position on the line. Linear slopes are used in a variety of mathematical applications, including geometry, physics, engineering, and economics, among others. They are particularly useful for modeling relationships between two variables, such as distance and time, or price and quantity.

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According to the law of reflection, the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection. Due to Snell's law the angle of incidence does not always equal the angle of refraction.

According to the law of reflection, the angle of incidence is the angle between the incident ray and the normal of the reflecting surface, and the angle of reflection is the angle between the reflected ray and the normal. However, this does not apply to the law of refraction. When a ray of light passes through an interface between two materials with different refractive indices, such as air and water, the angle of incidence does not always equal the angle of refraction.

This is because of Snell's law, which states that the ratio of the sines of the angles of incidence and refraction is equal to the ratio of the refractive indices of the two materials. Since the refractive indices of different materials are different, the angle of refraction will be different than the angle of incidence. This means that when light passes through an interface between two materials with different refractive indices, the angle of incidence will not always equal the angle of refraction.

For example, when light passes through an interface between air and water, the angle of incidence will be different than the angle of refraction. The reason for this is that the refractive index of air is 1.0003, while the refractive index of water is 1.33. As a result, the ratio of the sines of the angles of incidence and refraction will not be equal, meaning that the angle of incidence will not equal the angle of refraction.

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There is continuity in the flow as the velocity distribution is constant in the x-direction, but it can vary in the y-direction.The Navier-Stokes equations are thus valid. Finally, p(x,y)p(x,y) if the pressure at the origin is p0p0​ is $$ p(x,y) = p_0 - \rho V^2 \frac{xy}{h^2} $$.

(a) Check continuity:Let v (x) be the velocity distribution. By the equation of continuity, we have the following:$$ \frac{d}{dx}v(x) =0 $$Thus, the velocity distribution is constant in the x-direction, but it can vary in the y-direction. Therefore, there is continuity in the flow.

(b)The Navier-Stokes equations are valid. (c) write down the Navier-Stokes equations:

$$ \frac{\partial v}{\partial t} + v \frac{\partial v}{\partial x} + w \frac{\partial v}{\partial y} = - \frac{1}{\rho}\frac{\partial p}{\partial x} + g_x $$$$ \frac{\partial w}{\partial t} + v \frac{\partial w}{\partial x} + w \frac{\partial w}{\partial y} = - \frac{1}{\rho}\frac{\partial p}{\partial y} + g_y $$.Since there is no gravity, we have that g x = g y = 0. Then, we can rewrite the equations as follows:

$$ \frac{\partial v}{\partial t} + v \frac{\partial v}{\partial x} + w \frac{\partial v}{\partial y} = - \frac{1}{\rho}\frac{\partial p}{\partial x} $$$$ \frac{\partial w}{\partial t} + v \frac{\partial w}{\partial x} + w \frac{\partial w}{\partial y} = - \frac{1}{\rho}\frac{\partial p}{\partial y} $$We also have the following:$$ \frac{\partial v}{\partial x} + \frac{\partial w}{\partial y} = 0 $$.From the velocity distribution, we have that:$$ v(x,y) = - \frac{V}{h}y $$where V is the maximum velocity at the centerline, and h is the half-width of the channel.

Then, we can write the pressure distribution as follows:$$ \frac{\partial p}{\partial x} = - \rho V^2 \frac{y}{h^2} $$Integrating with respect to x, we obtain:$$ p(x,y) = p_0 - \rho V^2 \frac{xy}{h^2} $$where p 0 is the pressure at the origin.

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Due to the fact that they go against one or more of the aforementioned restrictions, options a), b), and c) are not permitted groups of quantum numbers.

An allowed set of quantum numbers must follow certain rules that govern the behavior of electrons in atoms. The principal quantum number (n) indicates the energy level of the electron, the angular momentum quantum number (l) indicates the shape of the orbital, and the magnetic quantum number (ml) indicates the orientation of the orbital in space. The values of n, l, and ml must all be integers, and they must also satisfy certain constraints.

Of the options given, only option d) n = 3, l = 2, ml = -1 is an allowed set of quantum numbers. This is because n = 3 indicates the electron is in the third energy level, l = 2 indicates that it is in a d orbital (since l = 0 corresponds to an s orbital, l = 1 corresponds to a p orbital, and so on), and ml = -1 indicates that the orbital is oriented in a specific direction in space.

Options a), b), and c) are not allowed sets of quantum numbers because they violate one or more of the constraints mentioned above.

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A woodcut falls under the relief print process, which is a type of printmaking technique where the raised surface of a printing block is inked, and the inked surface is then pressed onto paper to create an image

In relief printing, the ink is applied to the raised surface of the block, which is then transferred onto paper by applying pressure. In woodcut, the printing block is typically made of wood, and the areas that are to be left unprinted are cut away using a knife or gouge. The remaining raised surface of the block is then inked and printed onto paper. The resulting print will have a raised, relief image that is characteristic of this printmaking technique. Other types of relief printing processes include linocut and wood engraving, both of which involve cutting away areas of the printing block to create a raised image for printing.

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Answer:

Woodcut printing is the oldest technique used in fine art printmaking. It uses a process called relief printing. Japanese woodcut printing blocks are usually made from cherry wood. However, for very fine cutting, an artist may sometimes use willow wood.

Explanation:

First, the artist etches a design or drawing onto the wood. Next, the artist gouges away untouched areas, leaving the raised image. Then, the artist uses Japanese water-based inks to decorate the blocks. The ink is mixed and rolled out on a flat, smooth surface, then applied to the wood. The inks provide a wide range of vibrant colors, glazes, and transparency. Artists will carve a separate block for each color.

When a force does positive work, negative work, and zero work displacement is the same direction, opposite direction, and no displacement respectively. The required force sketches are attached below.

When a force (1) does positive work, the force and displacement arrows point in the same direction. This signifies that the force is operating in the same direction as the object's displacement.

When a force (2) does negative work, the force and displacement arrows point in opposite directions. This signifies that the force is operating in the opposite direction of the object's displacement.

When a force (3) does not work, the force and displacement arrows are perpendicular or the force is zero. This indicates that either the force is operating perpendicular to the displacement, producing no work, or the force is zero, doing no work.

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D. All of these choices are correct. A decision-making model includes recognizing the problem and identifying alternatives as possible solutions to the problem, identifying and estimating the relevant costs and benefits for each feasible alternative, and making the decision by selecting the alternative with the greatest overall net benefit.

Let's now define a Decision-making Model in detail:

The Decision-making Model is a framework that helps people make a sound decision by gathering information and assessing it rationally. It is a process for making intelligent and well-thought-out decisions. A well-established model for decision-making includes the following steps:

Step 1: Recognizing the problem and identifying alternatives as possible solutions to the problem.

Step 2: Identifying and estimating the relevant costs and benefits for each feasible alternative.

Step 3: Making the decision by selecting the alternative with the greatest overall net benefit. The model outlines a process that may be applied in a structured manner to solve any issue. It's essential to follow each of these steps to arrive at a well-informed and rational decision.

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Oort Cloud

coma

tail

nucleus

meteor shower

Kuiper Belt

What is Nucleus?

In physics, the nucleus is the central part of an atom. It contains most of the atom's mass, as well as its positive charge, in the form of protons and neutrons. The nucleus is held together by the strong nuclear force, which is one of the four fundamental forces of nature.

Comets are small celestial bodies made up of rock, dust, and ice, which orbit the sun. They are typically located in the Kuiper Belt or the Oort Cloud, which are regions located far beyond Pluto.

When a comet gets close to the sun, the heat causes the frozen ice to vaporize and form a glowing atmosphere called a coma. This bright spherical part of the comet is known as the coma.

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As moist air rises in the atmosphere, it cools and expands, which causes the moisture in the air to condense into clouds and precipitation.

A moist air mass is a volume of air with a high water vapor concentration. It is usually humid and can be found in tropical regions, where the temperature is high and the air is often saturated with water vapor. When this air mass rises in the atmosphere, it cools, and the water vapor begins to condense into clouds.

As the moist air mass rises in the atmosphere, it cools due to a decrease in pressure. The cooling causes the water vapor in the air to condense into clouds, and the clouds can then produce precipitation. The amount of precipitation that is produced will depend on factors such as the temperature, humidity, and the amount of moisture in the air mass.

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The reference electrode is used in potentiometry to provide a stable potential for the measurement.

It is usually a silver-silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) electrode, placed in a solution of the same composition as the sample, and connected to a reference potential, typically ground. This allows for a reliable measurement of the electrochemical potential of the sample and is essential for obtaining accurate results. The reference electrode is used in potentiometry to provide a constant potential that acts as a benchmark for measuring the potential of the analyte.

Potentiometry is a method of electroanalytical chemistry used to assess the potential difference between two electrodes in an electrolytic solution. In this method, an electrochemical cell is used to determine the concentration of a particular ion in a solution.

An electrode that has a well-known and stable potential, which is used to make an electrochemical measurement against an unknown electrode, is known as a reference electrode. The potential difference between the two electrodes is the measurement result, which may be translated into the concentration of the ion being assessed.

The reference electrode provides a stable and reproducible potential against which the voltage of the indicator electrode is assessed in potentiometry. It serves as a benchmark for potential measurement, enabling the voltage reading of the analyte to be equated to the standard potential of the reference electrode.

Consequently, without the use of a reference electrode, the electrochemical measurements could not be performed.

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Many forces are at work on a pendulum bob: The pendulum bob and the earth are attracted to one another by the gravitational force. It has an earth-centered downward motion.

Tension force: This is the force generated by the thread holding the pivot point and pendulum bob together. It moves in the direction of the pivot point and maintains the circular motion of the pendulum bob. The force that the air exerts against the pendulum bob as it swings back and forth is known as the air resistance force. It works in the opposite direction of the motion and tends to make the pendulum bob move more slowly. Friction force: This is the force applied to the pendulum bob by the pivot point or the string. in a back-and-forth motion. It works in the opposite direction of the motion and tends to make the pendulum bob move more slowly.

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Spring constant (k) of the spring, The spring constant (k) of the spring is 881.16 N/m.

Given that a mass of 2.1 kg is attached to a spring and is set into vibration with a period of 0.7 s.

Formula to calculate the spring constant (k) of the spring is given as:

k = (4π²m)/T²

Where,

Now, substituting the values in the formula, we get;

k = (4π²m)/T²k = (4 × 3.14² × 2.1)/(0.7)²k = (4 × 9.8596 × 2.1)/0.49k = 82.73496/0.49k = 168.7298 N/m

Therefore, the spring constant (k) of the spring is 881.16 N/m.

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a square with a side length of 4.9 10-9 m, each with mass 1.7×10⁻²⁷ kg and charge 1.6×10⁻¹⁹ C. And they are let go of their sleep. When the protons are very far apart, the speed of each proton is 7.0e5 m/s.

We can start by finding the initial potential energy of the system when the four protons are held at the corners of the square. The potential energy is given by:

U_i = (1/4πε₀) * (q₁q₂/r)

where ε₀ is the permittivity of free space, q₁, and q₂ are the charges of the two protons, and r is the distance between them.

Since all four protons are identical and equidistant, we can calculate the initial potential energy of the system by summing up the potential energies of each pair of protons:

U_i = 2 * [(1/4πε₀) * ((1.6e-19 C)² / (4.9e-9 m))] + 2 * [(1/4πε₀) * ((1.6e-19 C)² / (4.9e-9 m * √2))]

where the factor of 2 in front of each term takes into account the fact that there are two pairs of protons.

Evaluating this expression gives U_i = 1.55e-17 J.

At infinite separation, the potential energy of the system will be zero, and all of the initial potential energy will have been converted into kinetic energy. Therefore, we can use the conservation of energy to find the speed of each proton when they are very far apart:

U_i = K_f

where K_f is the final kinetic energy of the system.

K_f = (1/2) * m * v²

where m is the mass of a proton, and v is its speed.

Setting U_i equal to K_f and solving for v gives:

v = √(2U_i/m)

Substituting the values we obtained earlier, we get:

v = √[(2 * 1.55e-17 J) / (1.7e-27 kg)]

v ≈ 7.0e5 m/s

Therefore, the speed of each proton when they are very far apart is approximately 7.0e5 m/s.

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