Answer: When studying the museum’s collection of plant fossils for information about the climate, Wing and Barclay start with plant leaves.
Roughly 56 million years ago, during a time called the Paleocene Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), Earth’s average temperature rose four to eight degrees Celsius in less than 10,000 years. The cause was geologic processes releasing trillions of tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. The dramatic shift in global climate forced massive upheaval in ecosystems around the world.
“It’s the best analogue for the climate change we’re experiencing today,” Barclay said.
Fossil plants and their leaves from the PETM show that ecosystems shifted massively because of the rapid increase in global temperature. But global warming during the PETM did not come from humans. So, scientists today are working on ways to extrapolate information from that period and apply it to the even faster and more drastic events of today.
To all bug experts, what is this bug?
Answer:
I think it is an emerald cockroach
what is the process of producing energy in living organisms
Answer:
cellular respiration
Explanation:
What are three advantages to sexual reproduction?
restricts chromosomal combinations
produces resistance to unfavorable conditions
Produces disease-free seed plants
produces more uniform individual organisms
produces genetic variations
Answer:
1. produces genetic variations.
2. produces resistance to unfavorable conditions.
3. produces disease-free seed plants.
Explanation:
Sexual reproduction causes more genetic variation. More genetic variation results in diverse immune systems and traits that are advantageous to survival. Variation is good because it allows a species to adapt to new environments.
The advantages of sexual reproduction is produces resistance to unfavorable conditions, produces genetic variations and produces disease-free seed plants.
What do you mean by sexual reproduction?Sexual reproduction is a type of reproduction that involves a complex life cycle in which a gamete with a single set of chromosomes combines with another gamete to produce a zygote that develops into an organism composed of cells with two sets of chromosomes.
A disadvantage is that sexual reproduction takes longer than asexual reproduction. A mate must be found, the egg must be fertilised by sperm, and then the offspring develop.
Three mechanisms contribute to genetic variation arising from sexual reproduction: independent assortment of chromosomes, crossing over, and random fertilization.
Learn more about sexual reproduction:
https://brainly.com/question/7464705
#SPJ2
The state of the atmosphere at any given time and place is referred to as ______________
Answer:
Weather
Explanation:
Search The state of the atmosphere at any given time and place is referred to as
Answer:
Weather
Explanation:
Weather is defined as the state of the atmosphere at a given time and place. Hope this helps you!
Cellular Respiration has three main steps: Glycolysis, the Krebs Cycle and Oxidative phosphorylation/electron transport chain. What are the overall functions of each of these steps
Answer:
Cellular Respiration has three main steps: Glycolysis, the Krebs Cycle and Oxidative phosphorylation/electron transport chain.
Explanation:
phorylation/electron transport chain. What are the overall functions of each of these steps kjn
Osteoclasts are responsible for which of the following processes?
Osteogenesis
*Resorption
Ossification
Oseogenesis
Answer:
b. Resorption
Explanation: is correct
what is the proton gradient in cellular respiration?
Answer:
The proton gradient produced by proton pumping during the electron transport chain is used to synthesize ATP. Protons flow down their concentration gradient into the matrix through the membrane protein ATP synthase, causing it to spin (like a water wheel) and catalyze conversion of ADP to ATP.
A proton gradient is a difference in the concentration of protons (H+) across a membrane. In cellular respiration, a proton gradient is created by the electron transport chain (ETC) in the mitochondria.
The ETC is a series of proteins that shuttle electrons from NADH and FADH2 to oxygen. As the electrons are shuttled, they lose energy, which is used to pump protons out of the mitochondrial matrix into the intermembrane space.
This creates a concentration gradient, with more protons in the intermembrane space than in the mitochondrial matrix.
The proton gradient is used to power ATP synthesis. The enzyme ATP synthase, which is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane, uses the energy of the proton gradient to drive the synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi).
The proton gradient is a key part of cellular respiration, and it is essential for the production of ATP. Without the proton gradient, ATP synthesis would not be possible, and cells would not be able to produce the energy they need to function.
To know more about proton gradient:
https://brainly.com/question/4743578
#SPJ6
what do you understand by the term reproductionwhat do you understand by the term reproduction
Answer:
Reproduction is the manufacturing of offspring. There are primary forms: sexual and asexual reproduction. In sexual reproduction, an organism combines the genetic statistics from each of its mother and father and is genetically unique. In asexual reproduction, one parent copies itself to shape a genetically same offspring.
Explanation:
Make sure to rewrite it in your own words, don't get caught cheating (for those who are.)
The nuclear equation shows the transmutation of a form of radon into polonium and an alpha particle. In one tho two sentences, explain whether or not the reaction is balanced.
The equation is balanced because the mass and charge are equal on both sides of the reaction equation.
In a nuclear reaction, one nucleus is transformed into another. In this case of the equation shown, the radon nucleus is being transformed into a polonium nucleus with the emission of an alpha particle.
The equation is balanced because a total mass of 219 is found on both sides of the reaction equation and a total charge of 86. Recall that an alpha particle is the same as a helium nucleus with a mass of four units and a charge of two units.
Learn more: https://brainly.com/question/13440572
Spongy, porous bone tissue is also called: Yellow bone marrow Compact bone Bone sinus Cancellous bone
Answer:
Cancellous bone
Explanation:
Where is most of the water on Earth found?
Answer:
in the oceans
Explanation:
Over 97 percent of the earth's water is found in the oceans as salt water. Two percent of the earth's water is stored as fresh water in glaciers, ice caps, and snowy mountain ranges. That leaves only one percent of the earth's water available to us for our daily water supply needs.
HELP PLEASE WILL BE MARKED BRAINLIEST
How is water split into hydrogen and oxygen during photosynthesis? What substances get used up during photosynthesis? What type of energy is ATP? What is produced during glycolysis?
Which two atoms form an ionic bond?
A.sodium and bromine
B. two sodium atoms
C. two oxygen atoms
D fluorine and chlorine
Answer:
sodium and bromine
Explanation:
The one valence electron from sodium would be transferred to the bromine atom so they can both have an octet.
Which two atoms form an ionic bond?
Answer : A
Explanation : Ionic bond is a type of chemical bond and binds the chemical molecules together. Ionic bond is formed by the transfer of electrons from an electropositive element ( metal) to the electronegative element (non metal).
Sodium is an electropositive element and contains one positive charge. Bromine is an electronegative element with a single negative charge over it. Sodium gives the electron to bromine and results in the formation of ionic bond.
Thus, the correct answer is option (C).
Hope this helps you!
what do you know about industrialization
Based on this diagram label the positive and negative sides of the DNA fingerprint with a + and – sign.
We can say that the top of the gel, where the DNA samples were applied, is the negative side, while the bottom of the gel is the positive side.
We can arrive at this answer because:
DNA is a negatively charged molecule.For this reason, when DNA is applied in an electrophoresis vat, it must be placed in the negatively charged portion.This is because the electrophoresis vat will allow an electrical discharge to pass through the vat and drag the DNA from the negative side to the positive side.This movement allows the DNA to present a series of fragments of different sizes that will be observed in a fingerprint, such as the one presented in the question above.
In the figure below you can more accurately see the positive and negative sides.
More information:
https://brainly.com/question/14440067?referrer=searchResults
In the figure above, where does the neurotransmitter dopamine have its effect?.
pleaseeeeeeee help meeeeeee!!!
What is the production of white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets called?
*Hematopoiesis
Hematogenesis
Hemophobia
Hematosynthesis
Answer:
a. Hematopoiesis
Explanation: is correct
What is the temperature shown on the thermometer?
Answer:
ANSWER19°C or 19.5°C
HOPE IT HELPS
Answer:
19°
Explanation:
From 10 to 20, there are 4 lines.
Each line stands for 2, and the fourth line between 10 and 20 is 18. The red stops between 18 and 20, so the answer is 19 degrees.
which part of the flower or needed to make seeds?
Answer:
Ovary is the part of the flower which is needed to make seeds
Someone plz help me :(
6. As the lunar cycle progresses from the full moon to new moon the light will appear to _________.
7. The “growing light” that appears during the first half of the lunar cycle is referred to as __________.
8. The ___________ phase occurs at 21 days into the cycle and shows the left half of the moon illuminated.
9. In a crescent stage __________ than half of the Moon appears illuminated and during a gibbous stage __________ than half appears illuminated.
-I know this is asking for a lot but I really don’t know-
-I need the answers asap!-
-thanks in advance!-
Answer:
6. As the lunar cycle progresses from the full moon to new moon the light will appear to decrease
7. The “growing light” that appears during the first half of the lunar cycle is referred to as waxing.
8. The third quarter / 7th phase occurs at 21 days into the cycle and shows the left half of the moon illuminated.
9. In a crescent stage less than half of the Moon appears illuminated and during a gibbous stage more than half appears illuminated.
Explanation:
The "growing light" that appears during the first half of the lunar cycle is referred to as the "waxing phase" ,the first quarter phase occurs 21 days into the cycle and in the crescent stage, less than half of the moon appears illuminated.
What is the significance of the lunar cycle?It has much significance and is related to the moon, which is a natural navigation aid for mariners, providing light at night and it has an impact on the life cycles of animals and plants, including breeding and migration, and the gravitational pull of the moon and the sun causes the tides to rise and fall.
Hence, the "growing light" that appears during the first half of the lunar cycle is referred to as the "waxing phase" ,the first quarter phase occurs 21 days into the cycle and in the crescent stage, less than half of the moon appears illuminated.
Learn more about the lunar cycle here.
https://brainly.com/question/6014360
#SPJ2
A generalist predator does which of the following
Answer:
Predators are an important part of a healthy ecosystem. Predators remove vulnerable prey, such as the old, injured, sick, or very young, leaving more food for the survival and success of healthy prey animals. Also, by controlling the size of prey populations, predators help slow down the spread of disease.
enzymes are specific they will only fit with certain substrates explain why lactase can digest lactose but cannot digest other sugars like maltose and sucrose
Explanation:
your small your small intestines can't absorb either lactose or maltoseyou use different enzymes to digest the two sugars lactase break down lactose why an enzyme called sucrase-isomaltase breaks down maltose because enzyme are so specific with regard to function you can't break down maltose with lactose or vice versa
Lactase breaks down only lactose in food in our body can absorb it not maltose and sucrose as enzymes are specific in nature.
what are the properties of an enzyme ?Enzymes are protein which act as a catalysts and speed up the rate of biochemical reactions with out changing the structure of the final product.
Enzymes can control the speed and specificity of the chemical reaction, and the rate of biochemical reaction often influences enzymes and they can take place at a relatively low temperature; it lower the activation energy.
The enzyme activity pH specific, that is at a particular pH, each catalyst is most active for example at PH 2 for pepsin, pH 8.5 for trypsin, for example.
Both enzymes have active sites which can activate biochemical reactions. It is soluble in water, dilute glycerol, NaCl, and dilute alcohol.
To learn more about enzyme , refer to the link:
https://brainly.com/question/1419573
#SPJ5
the dye __ will be used to see the bands of dna on the gel.
An scientist observes a population of cheetahs on the plains in southern Africa and noticed that cheetahs have very little genetic variation. The scientists claims that the cheetahs are susceptible to extinction as a result of climate change. What is the name of the effect the scientist observed and why is it a concern ?(1 point)
Disaster effect, because the cheetahs have mutated to produce ineffective proteins
Frameshift mutation, because it only produces ineffective proteins.
Substitution mutation, because the these mutations cannot be passed to offspring
Bottleneck effect, because it means most cheetahs could succumb to the same environmental stresses
Answer:
Bottleneck effect, because it means most cheetahs could succumb to the same environmental stresses
Bottleneck effect, because it means most cheetahs could succumb to the same environmental stresses.
There is a decline in the population size in because bottleneck effect limit the genetic diversity of the species as only a small part of original population is there.What is bottleneck effect?The bottleneck effect refers to the way in which a reduction and subsequent increase in population's size affects the distribution of genetic variation among its individual.
To know more about genetic diversity here
https://brainly.com/question/1446827
#SPJ2
Describe a bacteria cell and what makes it different from eukaryotic cells?
Answer:
Bacteria is like eukaryotic cells they have cytoplasm, ribosomes, and a plasma membrane. Features that make a bacterial cell different from a eukaryotic cell the circular DNA of the nucleoid, the lack of membrane bound organelles, the cell wall of peptidoglycan, and flagella.
Explanation:
If annual rainfall decreases and causes ponds in this habitat to become shallower, after many generations, how might the traits of these water lilies change?.
The water lilies might adjust to requiring less water overall, even for drinking.
What is adaptation?According to the idea of evolution, adaptation is the biological mechanism that allows organisms to adjust to new settings or to changes in the environment in which they are already living.
It is absolutely necessary for living things to be able to adapt in order to stay alive. Animals who are unable to adjust to the shifting conditions of their habitat ultimately perish. These alterations are the product of shifts in genetic make-up. The mutant genes are passed down from the animals that make it through the ordeal to the next generation.
Therefore, the water lilies might adjust to requiring less water overall, even for drinking.
Learn more about adaptation, here:
https://brainly.com/question/22557205
#SPJ5
What type of cell is shown above?
A.
prokaryotic
B.
plant
C.
eukaryotic
D.
animal
Answer:
A
Explanation:
The awnser is A ___________
what gas exchange happens in the respiratory system and what is the large blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the lungs.
Answer:
Explanation:
The pulmonary artery is a big artery that comes from the heart. It splits into two main branches, and brings blood from the heart to the lungs. At the lungs, the blood picks up oxygen and drops off carbon dioxide. The blood then returns to the heart through the pulmonary veins.