DNA replication is said to be semi-conservative in nature because two copies of the original DNA molecule are produced and each copy basically conserves the information from one half of the original DNA molecule.
Semi-conservative replication basically means that when DNA replication is taking place, the two strands of the nucleotides separate. Both these strands then act as the template for free nucleotides to bind to and create the two identical daughter strands. Therefore, each of these daughter strands have half of the DNA from the original or the parental strand and the half of it is newly-formed DNA.
Semiconservative replication allows the the conservation of the parental characteristics in the offspring.
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Which assumption must be met for a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for a specific gene?
-No genetic drift can affect allele frequencies for the gene.
-Mating must be nonrandom with respect to the gene.
-Natural selection must favor one phenotype.
-The number of immigrants must equal the number of organisms emigrating.
If a population for just a gene has been in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, allele frequencies won't alter across generations. Basic Hardy-Weinberg hypothese also include absence of mutation, random mating, gene flow, that existence of an entire population, as well as the absence of selection.
What sense use you make of the word population?A population is any entire group of people who share at minimum one characteristic. Populations are composed of more than simply one person. Populations can include, but are not limited to, people, animals, groups, institutions, buildings, places of worship, cars, farms, and other objects or situations.
What does the word "population mean" mean?The population mean is the average derived from the entire population, distribution, or group. It is determined by dividing the entire amount of demographic variables by the total number of population variables. The population mean is shown here as.
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The lining of lumens, absorption, secretion, and protection are all functions of which tissue type?
The lining of lumens, absorption, secretion, and protection are all functions of epithelial tissue.
Epithelial tissue is a type of tissue that forms the lining of organs and structures within the body, including the lining of blood vessels, the gastrointestinal tract, and the respiratory system. It is composed of closely packed cells that are arranged in a single or multiple layer and functions to regulate the exchange of substances between the body and the environment, to secrete and absorb substances, and to protect underlying tissues from damage or infection.
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in organic architecture, which of the follow¬ing is true? * (a) form follows function. (b) function follows form. (c) function is not important to form. (d) form and function are one.
In organic Architecture (d) form and function are one is True.
Organic architecture is a design philosophy that emphasizes the harmonious relationship between buildings and their natural surroundings. It is based on the idea that buildings should be integrated into the landscape, rather than imposing themselves upon it.
Organic architecture seeks to create structures that are not only functional, but also aesthetically pleasing and in harmony with their environment.
Organic architects believe that form and function should be inseparable and that a building's design should be driven by its intended use. They believe that a building's form should emerge naturally from its function, rather than being imposed upon it.
This philosophy is in contrast to the "form follows function" approach, which prioritizes function over form and sees form as a secondary consideration. In organic architecture, form and function are not considered to be separate entities, but rather two sides of the same coin.
The end goal is to create buildings that are not only functional and efficient, but also beautiful and harmonious with their natural surroundings.
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Sunlight exposure has stronger effect on skin cancer risk in fair-skinned humans than in individuals with darker skin.
Fair-skinned humans are more likely to develop skin cancer. This is because they contain less melanin, a protective pigment.
The sun and other forms of ultraviolet (UV) light can have an effect on people's eyes and skin. UV rays can damage skin and cause skin cancer more frequently in people with light skin, but darker-skinned people, regardless of ethnicity, can also be affected.
When exposed to UV rays, some people's skin tans. An increase in the activity and number of melanocytes, the cells that produce the brown pigment known as melanin, is what results in the tan.
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Which statement is true about human cells? Choose one: A. Cancer cells lose the ability to produce the enzyme telomerase. B. In cancer cells, telomeres grow progressively shorter with each cell division. C. Unlike normal cells, cancer cells can only divide a limited number of times in culture. D. Cancer cells maintain their telomeres by reactivating the enzyme telomerase. E. Cancer cells tend to lack telomeres.
The true statement about human cells is that : D. cancer cells are able to maintain their telomeres by reactivating the enzyme telomerase.
Cancer cells are those cells that gain the ability to divide continuously in the living body and form masses of cells called tumor. They can move from one part of the body to another, a property called metastasis. The cancer cells lose their property of contact inhibition.
Telomeres are the DNA structures found at the end of the chromosomes. They are responsible for a variety of functions like: protecting from nucleolytic degradation, unnecessary recombination, repair, and inter-chromosomal fusion. Telomeres are therefore necessary for maintaining the genetic information.
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A cientit placed a ample of yeat, a heterotrophic ingle-celled eukaryote, in a cloed tet tube containing a olution of glucoe. How will the compoition of the air in the tet tube change a the yeat interact with the glucoe?
A. The oxygen level will increae. B. The carbon dioxide level will decreae. C. The carbon dioxide level will increae. D. The level of carbon dioxide and oxygen will remain the ame
As the yeast interact with the glucose solution, the composition of the air in the test tube will change. Option C is correct - the carbon dioxide level will increase.
This is because yeast are heterotrophic single-celled eukaryotes that obtain energy by breaking down glucose molecules, producing carbon dioxide and ethanol as byproducts. As the yeast break down more glucose molecules, more carbon dioxide will be released into the test tube, increasing the carbon dioxide level.
Additionally, the amount of oxygen available to the yeast will decrease as the carbon dioxide level increases, leading to a decrease in the oxygen level in the test tube. This decrease in oxygen level can be beneficial to the yeast as it can help regulate their metabolic processes.
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what causes skin to tan? what causes skin to sunburn?
Sunburn, on the other hand, is caused by overexposure to UV light, which damages the skin cells and causes inflammation. Skin tanning is caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light from the sun.
Skin tanning is a natural response of the skin to protect itself from damage from ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. UV light stimulates the skin to produce more melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color. As melanin levels increase, the skin darkens, giving it a tan appearance. This increased melanin helps to absorb and scatter UV light, reducing its harmful effects.
However, it is important to note that while a tan may look attractive, it is actually a sign of skin damage and does not provide complete protection against skin cancer. Sunburn, on the other hand, is a painful and damaging result of overexposure to UV light. When the skin is exposed to too much UV radiation, it can cause damage to the DNA in skin cells, leading to inflammation and redness. Sunburn can increase the risk of skin cancer and other skin problems in the future, so it is important to take precautions such as wearing protective clothing and using sunscreen when spending time in the sun.
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In the example illustrated in the image above, a substance is moved _______BLANK its concentration gradient using the energy of ______________BLANK.1. Against; an electrochemical gradient.2. Against ATP3. Down; and electrochemical gradient.4. Down; ATP.
In the example illustrated in the image above, a substance is moved Against ts concentration gradient using the energy of an electrochemical gradient.
Differential concentrations of a substance across a space or a membrane are called simple concentration gradients. However, gradients in living systems are more complicated. There is also an electrical gradient, or difference in charge, across the plasma membrane because proteins in cells, which are mostly negatively charged and do not move across the membrane, and ions move into and out of cells. The extracellular fluid in which living cells are bathed has an electrically negative effect on their interior.
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fungi, plants, and animals have all evolved multiple ways of acquiring energy. identify the types of organisms that can obtain energy directly from each source. consuming dead plants and carrion
The types of organisms that can obtain energy directly from each source, consuming dead plants and carrion are fungi and animals.
Decomposers (such as fungi) eat dead things like leaf litter and wood, as well as animal carcasses and feces. Without decomposers, dead leaves, insects, and animals would accumulate everywhere. Fungi produce enzymes that break down dead plants and animals. Fungi consume nutrients from the organisms they decompose. And animals that consuming dead plants and carrion is scavenger.
Scavengers break down this organic material and recycle it as nutrients back into the ecosystem. Scavengers are some birds. Vultures only consume the carcasses of dead animals. Vultures have many biological adaptations that make them ideal scavengers.
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In a neighborhood, guest parking has its own area. Some families have more cars than what can fit in their driveway, so they park extra ones in the guest parking. This causes actual guests to park in grassy areas. Over time, some spots of grass in the neighborhood are no longer green. This scenario represents a tragedy of the commons.
True
False
In the light-dependent reactions, where do you see examples of simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and active transport? Define the three types of transport briefly
In the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, we can see the examples of simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and active transport.
Simple diffusion: The diffusion of water and oxygen gas in and out of the thylakoid membranes and stroma.Facilitated diffusion: The movement of hydrogen ions (protons) from the thylakoid space to the stroma through the ATP synthase complex.Active transport: The active transport of hydrogen ions (protons) from the stroma to the thylakoid space against the concentration gradient, which is powered by the energy stored in ATP.Brief definitions of the three types of transport:
Simple diffusion: Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until a balance is reached.Facilitated diffusion: Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration with the help of a carrier protein.Active transport: Movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration, powered by energy from metabolic processes such as ATP hydrolysis.Hence, In the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis we can see the examples of simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and active transport
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What organ receives oxygen first during each circulatory cycle?Select one:a. The heart.b. The lungs.c. The stomach.d. The brain.
The heart receives oxygen first during each circulatory cycle so that A is the correct option .
The heart receives oxygen first during each circulatory cycle. The heart is also the first organ to admit oxygen during the cycle of respiration and rotation. When we breathe, the oxygen enters the lungs and is also transported to the left side of the heart via the pulmonary roadway. The left side of the heart also pumps the oxygen-rich blood around the body via the aorta. This oxygenated blood is also transported to all the other organs in the body, including the brain, where it's used for colorful purposes.The oxygenated blood is also returned to the right side of the heart, where it's also pumped back to the lungs to be oxygenated formerly again. This cycle also repeats, icing that the organs of the body admit the oxygen they need for proper functioning.
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What are the rules of how DNA is put together? A bonds with T with two hydrogen bonds, and G bonds with C with three hydrogen bonds A bonds with G with three hydrogen bonds, and T bonds with C with two hydrogen bonds A bonds with T with three hydrogen bonds, and G bonds with C with two hydrogen bonds
Answer: A bonds with T with two hydrogen bonds AND G bonds with C with three hydrogen bonds
Explanation:
Passage Six
"Every summer the local news carries stories about people who poison themselves
accidentally by inhaling oleander fumes from a beach bonfire. Or people who use oleander
twigs to roast hot dogs. But what had drawn me was the photo of the oleander growing
next to the orphanage, all the way in Afghanistan. It bonded us all together-Ward, Dad,
and me. Poisonous, yet, but in its own way, oleander is beautiful and it grows in places that
more delicate plants can't" (80).
Patterson, Valerie O. Operation Oleander. Boston: Clarion Books, 2013. What is the literary device used
Operation Oleander is a nice book about families coping with a family
member being deployed to Afghanistan and living on an army basbase
I also believe that if Patterson had stayed with the core narrative, this would have been a much better novel, since there was simply too much going on towards the end. Introducing a religious protest at Mrs. Scott's funeral, as well as Jess' reaction to it, were a little much for me. Though currently illegal, I know these things happened in the past; it was simply too much here.
Despite this, I would still suggest Operation Oleander since it is a touching narrative of children coping with war and military life, and it will undoubtedly ignite many debates over whether or not the military should join in humanitarian efforts in a conflict zone. As a result,
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in endotherms, increasing insulation facilitates heat retention in part because the range of the thermoneutral zone is reduced.
Yes, in endotherms increasing insulation facilitates heat retention in part because the range of the thermoneutral zone is reduced.
Warm-blooded creatures called endotherms produce their own heat to keep their internal body temperatures steady. By limiting the size of the thermoneutral zone, increased insulation in endotherms aids in the retention of this heat. The range of environmental temperatures known as the thermoneutral zone is where an animal may maintain its internal body temperature without having to produce more heat or expend more energy to cool down.
Endotherms can more readily regulate their internal body temperature even under changing ambient conditions by having a smaller thermoneutral zone via improving insulation. As a result, the animal may conserve energy and keep its internal body temperature steady without having to boost heat production or expend energy to remove heat.
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What is one solution that many people are working on together to save the sea turtles?
One solution that many people are working on together to save sea turtles is to Reduce marine debris that could entangle sea turtles or cause them to accidentally eat them.
Reduce your use of plastic and take part in coastal cleanups to keep our beaches and ocean clean. Sea turtles and other marine life can be harmed by the trash in the ocean. Carry shopping bags and water bottles that can be reused. Don't let the balloons go off; they will probably end up in the ocean, where sea turtles might mistake them for food and eat them. Sea turtle nesting beaches should remain dark and protected. Disable, conceal, or reorient lights that are visible from the beach. Sea turtle hatchlings are disoriented by the lights, and nesting females are discouraged from entering the beach to lay their eggs.
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how would the structure of a dicot root be affected if its main root structures werent there.
If the main root structures of a dicot plant are not present, the structure of its root system will be greatly affected.
What type of roots do Dicots have?Dicots typically have a taproot system, which is characterized by a large, main root (the taproot) and smaller lateral roots branching off from it.
Without the taproot, the root system would likely be much less well-organized, with smaller lateral roots growing directly from the base of the stem. This could result in a less stable and less efficient root system, as the taproot plays an important role in anchoring the plant and absorbing water and nutrients from deep in the soil.
Additionally, without the taproot, the plant may be more susceptible to stress from environmental factors such as drought or soil disturbances.
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how much of the human body is made up of skeletal muscle
Explanation:
Skeletal muscle makes up approximately 40-50% of the total body weight in the average adult. This proportion can vary based on factors such as age, gender, body composition, and overall health. For example, older adults tend to have a lower percentage of muscle mass compared to younger adults, and individuals who engage in regular physical activity generally have a higher proportion of muscle mass.
Regardless of these variations, skeletal muscle plays an important role in many functions of the body, including movement, posture, breathing, and circulation. Maintaining and building skeletal muscle through regular exercise and a balanced diet is an important aspect of overall health and wellness.
a student observes a cell through a light microscope and correctly decides that it is a plant cell. what observation would lead to that conclusion?
A student observes a cell through a light microscope and correctly decides that it is a plant cell is that it has a has a large, central vacuole.
Eukaryotic cells found in plants differ significantly from those seen in other eukaryotic organisms in a number of significant ways. The nucleus and similar organelles are present in both animal and plant cells. One of the traits that distinguishes a plant cell from other types of cells is the presence of a cell wall outside the cell membrane.
The plant cell is similar in size and shape to the animal cell. Animal and plant cells are both eukaryotic and share a number of cell organelles, but plant cells differ greatly from animal cells in that they have different functions. Some of these changes might be plainly appreciated when the cells are examined under an electron microscope.
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Why do we need our forests and trees?
They purify the air we breathe, filter the water we drink, prevent erosion, and act as an important buffer against climate change. Forests offer a home to much of the world's diverse array of plants and animals and provide essential natural resources from timber and food to medicinal plants.
Trees add beauty and improve personal health. Trees reduce air pollution. Trees fight the atmospheric greenhouse effect. Trees conserve water and reduce soil erosion. Trees save energy. Trees modify local climate. Trees increase economic stability. Trees reduce noise pollution.
a vaccine that contains parts of viruses is called
A vaccine that contains parts of viruses is called subunit.
In contrast to a whole-pathogen vaccine method, a subunit immunization will only contain specific components obtained from disease-causing bacteria, parasites, or viruses. These components, which are far safer than whole-pathogen vaccine techniques, contain antigens, which are highly purified proteins or synthetic peptides.
Despite these advantages, the immunogenicity of subunit vaccines is reduced because the antigens they contain are small and lack the pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that the host immune system needs to recognize them.
Another drawback of subunit vaccines is the potential for antigen denaturation, which might result in proteins attaching to various antibodies rather than the specific antigens that target the pathogen.
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What is the best explanation for why there is redundancy in the genetic code?
The best explanation for why there is redundancy in the genetic code is due to it allow for error to be corrected when translating the genetic message into proteins.
This redundancy is the result of the fact that multiple codons( groups of three nucleotides) can decode for the same amino acid. This allows for crimes in the restatement of the inheritable communication to be corrected; if one codon is inaptly decrypted, the cell can still restate the correct amino acid due to the presence of other codons that also decode for the same amino acid.
This redundancy also allows for the evolutionary changes to do, similar as the conformation of new codons that decode for the same amino acid. Without this redundancy,
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Experimental Insight 2.1 describes data on the kernel color distribution of bicolor corn, collected by a genetics class like yours. To test the hypothesis that the kernel color of bicolor corn is the result of the segregation of two alleles at a single genetic locus, the class counted 9882 kernels and found that 7506 were yellow and 2376 were white. Use chi-square analysis to evaluate the fit between the segregation hypothesis and the class results. Calculate the chi-square value for this experiment.
The chi-square value for this experiment is 0.4216.
The chi-square value for this experiment can be calculated as follows:
Determine the expected number of yellow and white kernels based on the segregation hypothesis:
If the hypothesis is true, the ratio of yellow to white kernels should be 3:1, so the expected number of yellow kernels is 3 times the expected number of white kernels.
Let's assume the expected number of white kernels is x, then the expected number of yellow kernels is 3x.
The total number of kernels is 9882, so x = 9882 / 4 = 2470.5.
Therefore, the expected number of yellow kernels is 3x = 7411.5.
Calculate the difference between the observed and expected number of kernels for each color:
For yellow kernels: 7506 - 7411.5 = 94.5
For white kernels: 2376 - 2470.5 = -94.5
Square the differences and divide by the expected number:
For yellow kernels: (94.5)^2 / 7411.5 = 0.2108
For white kernels: (-94.5)^2 / 2470.5 = 0.2108
Add the values from step 3 to get the chi-square value:
0.2108 + 0.2108 = 0.4216
So, the chi-square value for this experiment is 0.4216.
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Hugo and koby are measuring the heights of plants in biology class. Use the drop-down menus to complete the statements about the measured heights and the actual heights of the plants.
The responses are 2 cm, 15 cm, 20%, and 15% shorter and higher.
Step 1: Using the information provided, Hugo increased the height of his plant. Hugo mistakenly thought his plant was 12 cm long when it was only 10 cm. Hugo's measurement therefore differed by 2 centimeters. Hugo's % mistake is calculated by multiplying the actual value by the difference in values and dividing the result by 100.
(Difference in values / real value) / 100 Equals percentage of error
Hugo's percent error equals (12 - 10)/ 10/100, or 2/10/100, or 20%.
Step 2: Koby measured his plant shorter than it had been before. While it was 100 cm tall, he measured it to be 85 cm. Koby miscalculated his measurement by 15 centimeters. The same formula is used to compute the percent error.
(Difference in values / real value) / 100 Equals percentage of error
Koby's% mistake is equal to (100 - 85)/100/100, or 15%/100/100.
Step 3: Koby had a percent error of 15%, compared to Hugo's 20%. Hugo had the greater % mistake of the two, thus.
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which division of the nervous system arouses the body and mobilizes its energy in emotionally stressful situations?
The sympathetic nervous system is a nerve network that assists your body in activating its "fight-or-flight" reaction.
When you are scared, in danger, or physically involved, this system becomes more active. The sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve systems together form the autonomic nervous system. The sympathetic nervous system works similarly to the gas pedal of a car. It triggers the fight-or-flight response, providing the body with more energy to respond to perceived threats.
It is a component of the central nervous system. While somatic and autonomic nervous systems together forms the peripheral nervous system. The somatic nervous system transmits and receives sensory and motor information from the central nervous system. The Somatic Nervous System is abbreviated as SNS.
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I need help understanding what to put in the blank spaces
Adenine is complementary to thymine and guanine is complementary to cytosine.
What is complementary DNA?In a process mediated by the enzyme reverse transcriptase, complementary DNA is created from a single-stranded RNA template.
cDNA is frequently used to sequence or quantify mRNA molecules using DNA-based techniques, or to express a certain protein in a cell that does not ordinarily express that protein.
The base pairing and polarity rules must be observed by the complementary strand of DNA. In a pairing, A=T and G=C are equal. Because of their polarity, the strands must move in opposing directions.
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true or false The amount of testosterone and sperm produced by the testes is dependent on the influence of FSH alone.
False :The amount of testosterone and sperm produced by the testes is dependent on the influence of FSH alone.
In males, testosterone is the major sex hormone and anabolic steroid. In humans, testosterone is important in the development of male reproductive tissues such as the testes and prostate, as well as in the promotion of secondary sexual traits such as increased muscle and bone mass and body hair growth.
Furthermore, testosterone is implicated in both sexes' health and well-being, including emotions, behavior, and the prevention of osteoporosis. Inadequate testosterone levels in males can result in abnormalities such as frailty and bone loss.
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Classify the following characteristics depending on whether they describe nucleotides or nucleic acids Nucleotides Nucleic Acids Form double hellx Consisi of a sugar- phosphate backbone and nitrogen bases that form cross halrs Cansist of 3 pentose sugar phosphate_ and & nltrogen-containlng base Polymers Monomers.
A nucleotide is made up of a base containing nitrogen, a phosphate, as well as a pentose sugar.b. Nucleic acid, monomers:a. Construct a double helix.b. Form crosshairs and have a nitrogenous base with a sugar phosphate backbone.The polymer.
Which four different types of nucleotides exist?DNA is made up of the nucleotides adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C) (C).Base pairs, which are created when the nucleotide bond to one another, join the two DNA strands together.
The function of DNA nucleotides Definition?The nucleotide is one of the structural components, or building blocks, that make up DNA and RNA.A base (one of the four compounds adenine, thymine, guanine, or cytosine), an sugar molecule, as well as a phosphoric acid molecule make up a nucleotide.
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Why do all enzymatic reactions need activation energy?
In order for the reactants to convert to the products, a minimum amount of energy is required; this is called the activation energy.
What is activation energy?The least amount of additional energy that a reacting molecule needs to produce a reaction product is known as activation energy. The bare minimum of energy required to energize or activate molecules or atoms in order for them to engage in a chemical reaction or transformation is another way to put it.
Simply to start, they need a specific amount of energy. An activation energy is what it is. To start an automobile engine, for instance, activation energy is required. An electrical spark set off by turning the key starts the engine's fuel combustion.
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1. Is the water in the smaller bowl dirty? Why or why not?
2. What happened to the water in the larger bowl?
3. How did the water get into the smaller bowl? Briefly explain the process.
4. This project simulates a real world process. What does the plastic wrap represent? What does the water in the cup represent?
5. Which two parts of the water cycle are at work?
A portion of the water in the oceans and freshwater bodies like lakes and rivers evaporates during the water cycle as a result of the sun's heat. Impurities in the water are left behind as a result of evaporation.
It follows that the water entering the atmosphere is cleaner than it was on Earth. Filtration is the process of removing dissolved particles like dust, parasites, bacteria, viruses, and chemicals from the clear water on top. The filters are made of sand, gravel, and charcoal. Parasites, bacteria, viruses, and germs are killed by the addition of chlorine or chloramine during the disinfection process. To make water fit for drinking, chlorine can be added.
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