Three different types of discontinuity exist.
Discontinuous Jump.Continuous Infinity.Displacing Discontinuity.What is Discontinuities?Discontinuous functions are those parts of the graph that are not connected to one another. If both the left-hand limit and the right-hand limit of a function f(x) exist but are not equal, the function is said to have a first-kind discontinuity at x = a.You need to be familiar with the four different sorts of discontinuities: essential, removable, jump, and point. Factoring the function's numerator and denominator first. When a number is zero in both the numerator and denominator, this is known as a point of discontinuity. There is a point of discontinuity there there is a zero for the numerator and denominator.To learn more about Discontinuities, refer to:
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1. The set of ordered pairs (1, 7), (3, 8), (3, 6), (6, 5), (2, 11), (1, 4)
represents a relation.
Answer:
Yes, the set of ordered pairs (1, 7), (3, 8), (3, 6), (6, 5), (2, 11), (1, 4) represents a relation. This relation is a function since each input (x-value) has a single output (y-value).
Step-by-step explanation:
An office opens at 9 a.m. and closes at 5 p.m. with a lunch interval of 30 minutes. What is the ratio of lunch interval to the total period in office?
The ratio is 1:16 or (30 minutes:480 minutes).
What is the ratio of lunch interval to the total period in office?
The theory used in this question is the ratio of two numbers.
A ratio is a comparison of two numbers, usually expressed as a fraction or as a decimal. Ratios can be used to compare two numbers and identify relationships between them.
In this case, the ratio is being used to compare the lunch interval (30 minutes) to the total time the office is open (450 minutes).
Given:
The total time the office is open in minutes: 9 am - 5 pm = 8 hours = 8 x 60 minutes = 480 minutes.
Divide the lunch interval (30 minutes) by the total time the office is open (450 minutes): 30 minutes / 480 minutes.
= 1: 16
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Multi-Step Equation!!
Can someone please explain how to get this step by step?
Answer:
[tex]\boxed{\mbox \large a = \dfrac{9}{10} = 0.9}[/tex]
Step-by-step explanation:
Equation to be solved is
[tex]\dfrac{5}{3}a + \dfrac{4}{5} = a + \dfrac{7}{5}[/tex]
Step 1
Get rid of those annoying denominators by multiplying throughout 15. We choose 15 because it is the lowest common multiple of 3 and 5. Since 3 and are prime numbers the LCM is 3 x 5 = 15
[tex]15 \cdot \dfrac{5}{3}a +15 \cdot \dfrac{4}{5} = 15\cdot a + 15\cdot \dfrac{7}{5}}[/tex]
==> [tex]25a + 12 = 15a + 21}\\[/tex]
Step 2
Subtract 15 from both sides:
==> [tex]25a -15a + 12 = 15a -15a + 21}\\\\\\ 10a + 12 = 21}\\[/tex]
Step 3
Subtract 21 from both sides
[tex]10a + 12 -12 = 21 - 12\\\\[/tex]
[tex]10a = 9[/tex]
Step 4
Divide by 10 both sides
[tex]\dfrac{10a}{10} = \dfrac{9}{10}\\\\\implies a = \dfrac{9}{10} = 0.9[/tex]
let f be a differentiable function such that f(1)=2 and f′(x)=x2 2cosx 3−−−−−−−−−−−−−√. what is the value of f(4) ?
let f be a differentiable function such that f(1)=2 and f′(x)=x2 2cosx 3 then f(4)= 4.1414
if a function is differential at x if the limit of a function exists at a pint x and the function is continuous at x point also then the function is differentiable at the point x
since sin and cos function are differentiable and their limit exists
Given that f is a function given by
f(x) =2cosx +1
Here x is taken in radians.
Hence when x =1.5
we have cos 1.5 = 0.0707
2cosx = 0.1414
And hence
2cosx+1=1+0.1414
=1.1414
Thus we get
f(1.5) = 1.1414 apprxy
f( 4) = 0.1414 +4
= 4.1414
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Answer:
C) 10.790
Step-by-step explanation:
we are given:
[tex]f(1)=2\\[/tex]
[tex]\frac{dy}{dx} =\sqrt{x^2+2cos(x)+3}[/tex]
we need to find:
[tex]f(4)=?[/tex]
step 1integrate the function by using a TI-84 calculator (math > 9:fnInt( > input)
[tex]\\\int\limits^4_1 {\sqrt{x^2+2cos(x)+3} } \, dx \\\\\\=8.789[/tex]
step 2since we are looking on the interval [1, 4] we need to add our two limiting values together:
[tex]F(4)+F(1)=2+8.789\\\\=10.790[/tex]
suppose a basketball player is an excellent free throw shooter and makes 93% of his free throws (i.e., he has a 93% chance of making a single free throw). assume that free throw shots are independent of one another. find the probability that the player misses three consecutive free throws.
At a local high school, the 40% of the students drink soda regularly, 30% drink coffee regularly, and 10% drink both regularly. If a student was randomly selected from this school, what is the probability that the student drinks soda if we know the student drinks coffee regularly?.
The probability that the student drinks soda, given that they drink coffee, is 0.25.
Let's designate the proportion of students who regularly consume soda as "S," those who frequently consume coffee as "C," and those who regularly consume both as "B."
Since 40% of students frequently consume soda, there are 0.4S kids who do the same.
Additionally, there are 0.3S students who consume coffee because 30% of students do it frequently.
Additionally, since 10% of students consume both beverages, there are 0.1S students who also consume soda and coffee.
Students in the class S = 0.4S + 0.1S = 0.5S either drink soda or both.
The pupils in C = 0.3S + 0.1S = 0.4S either consume coffee or both.
So, given that the student drinks coffee, the probability of drinking soda is:
P(soda | coffee) = P(soda and coffee) / P(coffee)
= 0.1S / 0.4S
= 0.25.
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suppose that limx→3f(x)=12 and limx→3g(x)=−7. find the following limits. a.limx→3[f(x)g(x)] b. limx→3[3f(x)g(x)] c. limx→3[f(x) 8g(x)] d. limx→3
expression by 8 in the third case, giving us 12*(-7)*8 = -672. Finally, we divide the expression by g(x) to find the fourth limit, giving us 12/(-7) = -1.714.
a. limx→3[f(x)g(x)] = limx→3[12*(-7)] = -84
b. limx→3[3f(x)g(x)] = limx→3[3*12*(-7)] = -252
c. limx→3[f(x) 8g(x)] = limx→3[12*(-7)*8] = -672
d. limx→3[f(x)/g(x)] = limx→3[12/(-7)] = -1.714
The given limits are limx→3f(x)=12 and limx→3g(x)=−7. We can calculate the following limits by substituting x=3 in the given expressions: limx→3[f(x)g(x)] = -84, limx→3[3f(x)g(x)] = -252, limx→3[f(x) 8g(x)] = -672 and limx→3[f(x)/g(x)] = -1.714. To find these limits, we first multiply the two expressions, f(x) and g(x). This gives us 12*(-7) = -84 in the first case. In the second case, we multiply this expression by 3, giving us 3*12*(-7) = -252. We then multiply this expression by 8 in the third case, giving us 12*(-7)*8 = -672. Finally, we divide the expression by g(x) to find the fourth limit, giving us 12/(-7) = -1.714.
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thank u for helping me understanding my question
Factor out the greatest common factor from the terms of the polynomial 8x4 − 12x3 + 16x.
A. 4x3(2x − 3) + 18
B. 4x(2x3 − 3x2 + 4)
C. The expression is already fully factored.
D. 8x4 − 4x(3x2 + 4)
The greatest common factor from the terms of the polynomial 8x4 − 12x3 + 16x is 4x(2x3 − 3x2 + 4). Option B
What are algebraic expressions?Algebraic expressions are described as mathematical expressions that are comprised of terms, variables, coefficients, factors and constants.
These algebraic expressions are also composed of mathematical or arithmetic operations, such as;
SubtractionFloor divisionMultiplicationAdditionDivisionBracketParenthesesFrom the information given, we have that;
8x⁴ − 12x³ + 16x
Factor the common terms
4x(2x³ - 3x² + 8)
Hence, the expression is 4x(2x³ - 3x² + 8)
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Given the lines shown here what are two possible equation for this system of equations?
y=x+1 and y=x-5 are the equations of the lines in the given graph.
What is Slope of Line?The slope of the line is the ratio of the rise to the run, or rise divided by the run. It describes the steepness of line in the coordinate plane.
The slope intercept form of a line is y=mx+b, where m is slope and b is the y intercept.
The slope of line passing through two points (x₁, y₁) and (x₂, y₂) is
m=y₂-y₁/x₂-x₁
Considering the two lines are parallel, they both have the same slope.
let m be the slope of the two lines:
y=mx+y₀
y=mx+y₁
y₀, y ₁ are the value on y axis where the two lines cross the axis.
Because the lines are parallel, there exists no point that lies on both lines, therefore the system has 0 solution.
Hence, y=x+1 and y=x-5 are the equations of the lines in the given graph.
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I NEED HELP RN IM FAILIN THIS CLASS
7x (9 x 2) = (7x [?]) × 2
Solve for ?
Answer:
9
Step-by-step explanation:
7 x (9 x 2) = (7 x 9) x 2 This is the associative property.
7 x ( 18) = (63) x 2
126 = 126
In a class of 10 , there are 5 students who play soccer. If the teacher chooses 2 students, what is the probability that both of them play soccer?
The probability of choosing 2 students who both play soccer from a class of 10 students, where 5 students play soccer, is 5/6 or 0.83.
The probability of choosing 2 students who both play soccer from a class of 10 students, where 5 students play soccer, can be calculated using the formula for combinations:
[tex]C(5,2) =\frac{5!}{(2! * (5-2)!)}[/tex]
[tex]= \frac{10}{(2 * 3!)} \\ \\=\frac{10}{(2 * 6) } \\\\= \frac{5}{6}[/tex]
So, the probability of choosing 2 students who both play soccer is 5/6 or 0.83.
This means that if the teacher randomly selects 2 students from the class, there is an 83% chance that both of them play soccer.
In conclusion, the probability of choosing 2 students who both play soccer from a class of 10 students, where 5 students play soccer, is 5/6 or 0.83.
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1. Let X = {a} and Y = {a,b}, do the following. (8 points, 4 each) (a). Use the set-roster notation to write set (XXX) XY. (b). Find two functions and two non-function relations from X x Y to Y.
Two non-functions could be (a,a) -> a and (a,b) -> a and (a,a) -> b and (a,b) -> b, meaning that both inputs can result in either a or b.
A set is a collection of distinct objects, which can be anything, such as numbers, letters, or even other sets.
The set-roster notation is a way to write a set by listing its elements inside curly brackets {}.
(a) To write the set (XXX) XY, we need to repeat the set X three times, which would be X = {a,a,a}.
Then we can join it with the set Y to form (XXX) XY = {a,a,a,a,b}.
(b) To find two functions and two non-function relations from X x Y to Y, we need to understand what a function and a relation are. A function is for every element in the domain (X x Y), there is exactly one corresponding element in the codomain (Y) where as a non-function, or a relation, is a set of ordered pairs where the same input can have different outputs.
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What is 30 degrees Celsius in Fahrenheit?
30 degrees Celsius in Fahrenheit is 86
What is 30 degrees Celsius in Fahrenheit?
30 degrees Celsius to Fahrenheit30 degrees Celsius are equal to 86 degrees Fahrenheit:
30ºC = 86ºF
30 degrees Celsius to Fahrenheitcalulation:
The temperature T in degrees Fahrenheit (ºF) is equal to 30 degrees Celsius (ºC) times 9/5 plus 32:T(ºF) = 30ºC × 9/5 + 32 = 86ºF
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the perimeter of a rectangle is 52 cm. one side is 12 cm longer than the other side. find the lengths of the sides
Answer: 7, 7, 19, and 19
Recall that a rectangle has congruent parallel sides, meaning the sides opposite are equivalent in length. Therefore, 2 sides are both 12 cm longer than the other two sides. Let's write an equation:
Let x be the shorter side, and x + 12 be the longer side.
x + x + (x + 12) + (x + 12) = 52
Combine like terms.
4x + 24 = 52
4x = 28
x = 7
Therefore, the shorter sides are 7, and the longer sides are 19
An audio treaming ervice ubcriber pay $16. 99 per month for unlimited muic and podcat treaming. The ubcriber pay for the ervice uing a credit card with a 27. 999 APR. If the balance i paid off after one month of interet charge, how much more will have been paid intead of uing cah? • $0. 40 O $0. 26 O $1. 27 O $4. 75
The subscriber will pay $0.40 more if they pay using a credit card with a 27.999 APR instead of using cash.
Credit Card Monthly Cost DifferenceHere are the steps to calculate the amount paid more when paying using a credit card instead of cash:
Calculate the monthly interest:Take the annual percentage rate (APR) of 27.999 and divide it by 12 to get the monthly interest rate.
Multiply the monthly interest rate by the balance ($16.99) to get the monthly interest charge.
Calculate the total amount paid after one month:Add the monthly interest charge to the balance ($16.99).
This gives you the total amount paid after one month of interest charges.
Calculate the difference between the total amount paid and the original balance:Subtract the original balance ($16.99) from the total amount paid after one month of interest charges.
This gives you the amount paid more due to the interest charges.
The final answer would be the amount paid more, which is $0.40 in this case.
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Alyssa just accepted a job at a new company where she will make an annual salary of $68000. Alyssa was told that for each year she stays with the company, she will be given a salary raise of $2000. How much would Alyssa make as a salary after 9 years working for the company? What would be her salary after
t
t years?
a) Using the linear equation 68000 + 2000t, Alyssa would make a salary of $86,000 after 9 years of working for the company.
b) Based on the same linear equation, Alyssa's salary after t years would be 68000 + 2000t.
What is a linear equation?A linear equation is a mathematical equation written in the form of y=mx+b.
Linear equations involve a constant and a first-order (linear) term, where m is the slope and b is the y-intercept.
The offered annual salary of Alyssa = $68,000
Annual salary raise = $2,000
The number of years Alyssa would work for the company = t years
The number of years Alyssa worked in the company = 9 years
Equation:68000 + 2000t
68000 + 2000(9)
68000 + 18000
= 86,000
= $86,000
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Mr. Kelley aked her tudent to plot the number of book they read over the ummer. A dot blot titled Book Read Over the Summer goe from 0 to 7. 0 ha 1 dot, 1 ha 3 dot, 2 ha 6 dot, 3 ha 2 dot, 4 ha 3 dot, 5 ha 1 dot, 6 ha 2 dot, and 7 ha 0 dot. Uing the dot plot, what wa the total number of tudent that plotted the number of book they read?
3
6
17
18
The total number of student that plotted the number of book they read is 18.
What was the total number of student that plotted?A dot blot the caption Book Read Over the Summer goes from 0 to 7. 0 ha 1 dot, 1 ha 3 dot, 2 ha 6, 3 ha 2, 4 ha 3, 5 ha 1 dot, 6 ha 2, and 7 ha 0 dot are the numbers. Using a dot plot
the total number of students who tracked how many books they read
add total dots
1 dot + 3 dot + 6 dot + 2 dot + 3 dot +1 dot + 2 dot + 0 dot = 18.
The total number of student that plotted the number of book they read is 18.
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Does the equation Ax = b have a solution for each b in R4? O A. No, because each b in R4 is a linear combination of the columns of A. B. Yes, because the columns of A do not span R4. ос C. No, because A does not have a pivot position in every row. D. Vos hecause the reduced echelon form of a does not have a row of the form Co on Twith h nonzero Use the following vectors to answer parts (a) and (b). 3 5 V= 4 V2 = 12 V3 6 3 -9 h (a) (b) For what values of his vz in Span{V1, v}? For what values of his {V1, V2, V3} linearly dependent? (a) For what values of h is vz in Span{v1, v2}? Select the correct choice below and, if necessary, fill in the answer box to complete your choice. O A. h= (Use a comma to separate answers as needed.) OB. All values of h O C. No values of h
The equation Ax = b has a solution for each b in R4 if and only if the columns of A span R4.
The equation Ax = b is a linear equation that is commonly used in linear algebra. This equation is used to find the solution of a system of linear equations. The equation consists of a matrix A and a vector b.
Spanning refers to the ability of a set of vectors to generate all other vectors in a given space. If the columns of A span R4, then for each vector b in R4, there exists a unique solution x in R4 such that Ax = b.
On the other hand, if the columns of A do not span R4, then there are some vectors in R4 that cannot be generated by the columns of A and thus the equation Ax = b will not have a solution for each b in R4.
In conclusion, the set of vectors in the matrix A must be able to generate all other vectors in R4 for the equation to have a solution for each b in R4.
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explain why s is not a basis for r2. s = {(−5, 7)}
s = {(-5, 7)} cannot be a basis for R^2 because it does not satisfy the three requirements of a basis: having at least two linearly independent vectors, containing only linearly independent vectors, and spanning the entire vector space.
The set s = {(-5, 7)} is not a basis for R^2 (the two-dimensional real vector space) for several reasons:
Cardinality: A basis for a vector space must contain at least two linearly independent vectors. Since s contains only one vector, it cannot be a basis for R^2, which has dimension 2.
Linear independence: A basis must contain linearly independent vectors. If a vector in the basis can be written as a linear combination of the other basis vectors, it is not linearly independent, and the set cannot be a basis.
Spanning: A basis must span the entire vector space, meaning that every vector in the vector space can be written as a linear combination of the basis vectors. The set s = {(-5, 7)} does not span R^2 because it contains only one vector, and not every vector in R^2 can be written as a scalar multiple of this vector.
Therefore, s = {(-5, 7)} cannot be a basis for R^2 because it does not satisfy the three requirements of a basis: having at least two linearly independent vectors, containing only linearly independent vectors, and spanning the entire vector space.
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How do you find the vector v with the given magnitude of 9 and in the same direction as u=<2,5>?
The vector v with a magnitude of 9 and in the same direction as u = <18 / √29, 45 / √29>.
What is the vector?
A vector quantity has both a magnitude and a direction. Speed only has a magnitude, but no direction. Velocity has both.
Given a vector u = <2, 5>, the magnitude of the vector v that is in the same direction as u and has a magnitude of 9 can be found as follows:
Step 1: Find the unit vector in the direction of u
A unit vector in the direction of u can be found by dividing each component of u by its magnitude:
magnitude of u = √(2^2 + 5^2) = √(4 + 25) = √29
unit vector in the direction of u = u / magnitude of u = <2 / √29, 5 / √29> = <2 / √29, 5 / √29>
Step 2: Multiply the unit vector by the desired magnitude
To find the vector v with a magnitude of 9 and in the same direction as u, we can multiply the unit vector by 9:
v = magnitude * unit vector in the direction of u = 9 * <2 / √29, 5 / √29> = <18 / √29, 45 / √29>
Therefore, the vector v with a magnitude of 9 and in the same direction as u = <18 / √29, 45 / √29>.
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the graph of the function f shown consists of three line segments. if the function g is an antiderivative of f such that g(2)=5, for how many values of c, where 0
The only value of c that satisfies the initial condition g(2) = 5 is c = -3.
The graph of a function f consists of three line segments, with points (1,2), (2,3), and (3,4).
An antiderivative of f is a function g such that g'(x) = f(x). That is, g is the "opposite" of the derivative of f. The values of c in an antiderivative g(x) = f(x) + c are determined by the initial condition g(2) = 5, since g'(2) = f(2) = 3.
So, in order to determine the value of c, we need to integrate f(x) and find the value of g(2). The integral of f(x) is
g(x) = x² + 2x + c
Substituting x = 2 into this equation, we get
g(2) = 4 + 4 + c = 8 + c
Now, since g(2) = 5, we can solve for c:
5 = 8 + c
c = -3
Therefore, the only value of c that satisfies the initial condition g(2) = 5 is c = -3.
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If f(x) = {x and g(x)=x? - 8, simplify the expressions (fog)(4), (f of)(8), (gof)(x), and (fog)(x). (fog)(4)=0 (f of)(8)= (gof)(x)= (fog)(x) = 0
For given functions, f(g(4)) = 2, f(f(8)) = ∛2 and f(g(x)) = ∛ ( x² - 8 ).
Describe a function.A relation between a collection of inputs and outputs is known as a function. A function is, to put it simply, a relationship between inputs in which each input is connected to precisely one output. Each function has a range and a co-domain. The usual way to refer to a function is as f(x), where x is the input. A function is typically represented as y = f. (x).
In math, various function types exist. Among the crucial kinds are:
When there is a mapping for a range for each domain between two sets, this is known as an injective function or one to one function.
When more than one element is mapped from domain to range, the function is said to be surjective or to be an onto function.
a polynomial function is a function made by of polynomials
Now,
For functions f(x) = ∛ x and g(x) = x²-8
f(g(x)) = ∛ (x²-8)
f(f(x)) = ∛ ∛ x
g(f(x)) = ( ∛ x ) ² - 8
Therefore,
f(g(4))=∛4²-8= ∛16 - 8
= ∛8 = 2
f(f(8)) = ∛ ∛ 8 = ∛2
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Right function are
f(x)=∛x and g(x)=x^2-8
The ratio of orange to green in a bag of colored marble i 6:1. Which tatement mut be true about thi bag of marble
There are six orange marbles for every one green marble in the bag.
How many days will it take for 125 people to contract the virus?Step 1: Understand the question.
The question asks us to determine which statement must be true about a bag of colored marbles with a ratio of orange to green marbles of 6:1.
Step 2: Determine the ratio of orange to green marbles.
The ratio of orange to green marbles is 6:1, which means that for every one green marble, there are six orange marbles.
Step 3: Determine the statement that must be true.
Therefore, the statement that must be true about this bag of marbles is that there are six orange marbles for every one green marble in the bag.
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How many sides does a pentagon have?
A. 2
B. 5
C. 6
D. 7
The geometric form known as a pentagon has five sides and five angles.
What is pentagon?The geometric form known as a pentagon has five sides and five angles. Penta here means five, and gon means angle. One of the several kinds of polygons is the pentagon. A regular pentagon's internal angles add up to 540 degrees.Any five-sided polygon or 5-gon is referred to as a pentagon in geometry. In a straightforward pentagon, the interior angles add up to 540°. A pentagon might be straightforward or self-intersect. A pentagram is a regular pentagon that self-intersects.A pentagon is a 2D polygon with five sides and five angles. The term "pentagon" is created by combining the Greek words "penta" (which means "five") and "gon," which means "angles."
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May you Please help me
The given coordinates make a right angled triangle.
What is scaling? How is it done?Scaling is defined as the process of changing the dimensions of the original figure as per some specific proportional rule.
If the initial length is equivalent to {a}. Then, after the scaling by the scale factor of {K}, the length becomes {Ka}. Similarly, if the initial coordinates are (x, y) then after scaling the coordinates would be {Kx, Ky}.
Scale factor is a dimensionless quantity that tells by how much time a specific dimension of a figure is enlarged or reduced. Mathematically, it is the ratio of two similar quantities. In case of length scaling, we can write -
{K} = L{final}/L{initial}
Given are the coordinates of the triangle as -
P(-1, 3)
Q(9, - 1)
R(-3, - 2)
The distance formula is given as -
d² = (x₂ - x₁)² + (y₂ - y₁)²
PQ = 2√29
QR = √145
RP = √29
QR² = RP² + PQ²
145 = 29 x 4 + 29
145 = 145
Therefore, the given coordinates make a right angled triangle.
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how many times as many burglaries were there actually in year 4 compared to year 1? round your answer to 2 decimal places.
Based on the graph, in year 4 there were 1.16 times more burglaries if compared to year 1.
How many burglars were there in years 1 and 4?Based on the graph, the number of burglaries these years was:
Year 1: 220 burglariesYear 4: 255 burglariesThis shows a growing trend in the number of burglaries over the years.
How many times as many burglaries were there in year 4 compared to year 1?number in year 4/ 1
255/220 = 1.159 which can be rounded to 1.16
Based on this, year 4 had 1.16 times more burglaries than year 1.
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4.Chloe and Tino have a combined age of 48. Three years ago Chloe was double the age Tino. Work out the age of Chloe and Tino.
Chloe is 31 years old while Tino is 17 years old.
What is an equation?An equation is an expression that uses mathematical operations to show the relationship between numbers and variables. Types of equations are linear, quadratic, cubic and so on.
Let x represent Chloe present age and y represent Tino present age. Chloe and Tino have a combined age of 48. Hence:
x + y = 48 (1)
Also, Three years ago Chloe was double the age Tino, hence:
x - 3 = 2(y - 3)
x - 2y = -3 (2)
From both equations:
x = 31, y = 17
Chloe is 31 years old.
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Please help!
Kyle deposited $7,000 at the end of every six months for 5 years into a 401(k). Given an interest rate of 12% compounded semiannually, find the future value.
A. $92,265. 53
B $97,801. 48
C. $44,469. 95
D. $64,521. 06
Jodie decides to wait until age 70 to begin receiving Social Security benefits. Find the present value of her estimated $31,000 per year in payment assuming 8% per year and payment until her 90th birthday.
A $350,623. 10
B. $310,520. 80
C. $304,362. 65
D. $294,544. 50
Wilma saves $12,000 at the end of every six months for 10 years. Assume 10% compounded semiannually and find the present value.
A. $137,547. 52
B. $149,546. 52
C. $73,734. 84
D. $195,589. 79
(a) The future value is $18,971.06, which is closest to option D) $64,521.06
(b) So the present value of the estimated payments is $317,375, which is closest to option A) $350,623.10
(c) The present value of the savings is $25,620.51, which is closest to option C) $73,734.84
A) The future value of the deposits can be calculated using the formula for compound interest:
FV = PV * (1 + r/n)^(nt)
where
PV = $7,000
r = 12% = 0.12
n = 2 (compounded semiannually)
t = 5 years = 10 semiannual periods
Plugging in these values, we get:
FV = $7,000 * (1 + 0.12/2)^(2 * 10)
FV = $7,000 * (1.06)^20
FV = $7,000 * 2.667532622
FV = $18,971.06
B) The present value of the estimated payments can be calculated using the formula for the present value of an annuity:
PV = PMT * (1 - (1 + r)^(-n)) / r
where
PMT = $31,000
r = 8% = 0.08
n = 20 payments (from age 70 to 90)
Plugging in these values, we get:
PV = $31,000 * (1 - (1 + 0.08)^(-20)) / 0.08
PV = $31,000 * (1 - 0.170811153) / 0.08
PV = $31,000 * 0.83 / 0.08
PV = $31,000 * 10.375
PV = $317,375
C) The present value of the savings can be calculated using the formula for present value of a lump sum:
PV = FV / (1 + r/n)^(nt)
where
FV = $12,000 * 10 (total savings)
r = 10% = 0.1
n = 2 (compounded semiannually)
t = 10 years = 20 semiannual periods
Plugging in these values, we get:
PV = ($12,000 * 10) / (1 + 0.1/2)^(2 * 20)
PV = ($120,000) / (1.05)^40
PV = $120,000 / 4.68
PV = $25,620.51
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