What are the general properties of acids?

The concept is to provide diagnostic images using the optimal amount of radiation. If the index is too low, it may indicate poor image quality. If the dose index is too high, it may mean using more radiation than is needed for imaging.

There are three kinds of index numbers, namely:

a. Price index figures, namely comparative figures to measure price changes from one period to another.

b. Number index (quantity), which is a comparison number to measure changes in the amount from one period to another.

c. Value index number, which is a comparison number to measure changes in value from one period to another. Value is calculated by multiplying the price by the amount (quantity).

Your question is incomplete but most probably your full question was:

Explain. What is the Index Value for an exposure of low?

Learn more about index value at https://brainly.com/question/8154168.

#SPJ1

When hydrogen atoms are present in a fuel, they are oxidised to water.

The combustion reactions are commonly exothermic redox reactions between an oxidant and a fuel. When hydrogen is oxidized during combustion it forms water.

A chemical reaction in which a fuel undergoes oxidation by reacting with an oxidizing agent which results in the release of energy generally in the form of heat is called the combustion. The product formed as a result of the combustion is usually an oxidized fuel.

It is not unfamiliar that the combustion reactions are accompanied by the flames. It is very important to note that not all combustion reactions result in fires. The complete combustion reactions can sometimes referred to as clean combustion reactions.

The combustion reaction of hydrogen is given as:

2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O

When hydrogen is oxidized, it results in the formation of water. When hydrogen atoms are present in a fuel, they are oxidized to water.

Thus water is formed when hydrogen is oxidized.

To know more about combustion, visit;

https://brainly.com/question/14335621

#SPJ2

Ammonia has a larger henry's law constant because ammonia has a very strong hydrogen bon-ding with water rather than simple in-ter-molecular forces. It can be measured as 1.62 x 10-5 atm/mole.      

Henry's law constant: Higher the value of henry's law constant, the lower will be the solubility of the gas. It can be explained by using the equation of the Henry's Law standard state of the binary mixture is where the activity of the solute is related with the mole fraction.

Ammonia is a colorless gas having a sharp suffocating o-dor. It dissolves easily in water to form a ammonium hydroxide solution which can cause irr-itation and burns. Ammonia gas will be easily compressed and it forms a clear, colorless liquid under pressure.  

To now more about Ammonia here        

https://brainly.com/question/15409518

#SPJ4

The sp² carbons and the indicated sp³ carbons are not lie in the same plane.

The phenomenon of hybridization is the combination of two atomic orbitals to produce a new degenerate hybrid orbital with the same energy levels. Hybridization improves bond formation stability over unhybridised orbitals. The hybridization of molecules allows us to predict their shape.

Because pi bonds prevent atoms from rotating, they will be in the same plane if they have a double or triple bond. Furthermore, if the atoms are trigonal or square planar, they are in the same plane.

Thus, The sp² carbons and the indicated sp³ carbons are not lie in the same plane.

To learn more about the hybridization, follow the link;

https://brainly.com/question/14140731

#SPJ1

Clownfish live inside anemones, protected from predators by the anemones' stinging tentacles.

Clownfish and sea anemones are a classic example of a mutualistic symbiotic relationship. The relationship between these two species is mutually beneficial, with each species providing benefits to the other.

Key points:

Learn more about the mutualistic symbiotic relationships here:

https://brainly.com/question/29556323

#SPJ4

Hydroxide is not a suitable base for deprotonating an alkyne because it is a weak base.

Due to the acetylide ion's lower stability (stronger base) compared to the hydroxide ion. In other words, acetylene cannot be deprotonated using hydroxide.

Deprotonation is the process of eliminating the compound's most acidic proton using a base that you must select. We refer to it as a base because, according to the Bronsted-Lowry definition, the proton donor in an acid-base reaction is the given chemical if it is deprotonated, which makes it a base.

The terminal alkynes can be deprotonated by suitable strong bases, such as NaH or NaNH2, due to the relative high acidity.

To learn about base

https://brainly.com/question/29833185

#SPJ4

The pH of the solution that the concentration of [H₃O⁺]  1.39 × 10⁻² M is the 1.85 .

The concentration of [H₃O⁺] = 1.39 × 10⁻² M

The pH expression is as follows :

pH = - log  [H₃O⁺]

where, the concentration of [H₃O⁺] = 1.39 × 10⁻² M

By solving the values , we get :

pH = - log  [H₃O⁺]

pH = - log ( 1.39 × 10⁻²  )

pH = - log ( 1.39 ) + - log 10⁻²

pH = - 0.143 + 2

pH = 1.85

Thus, the pH of the solution is 1.85 with the concentration of [H₃O⁺] is  1.39 × 10⁻² M.

To learn more about pH here

https://brainly.com/question/28680511

#SPJ4

A lubricant must keep its properties in the presence of additives and other items. Lubricating oil colours are more of a test for a grade or brand of oil's consistency than they are for its attributes. Thus, option B is correct.

There are four different kinds of liquid lubricants. Mineral oil a. It is a material made from petroleum. These oils are stable at high temperatures because they have a high paraffine and naphthanic content.

Examples include steam cylinder oil, wire rope oil, refrigeration grade oil, gear oil, machine or engine oil, and circulating oil.

Therefore, they should be used at lower cutting speeds than other types of cutting fluids. They make cutting surfaces smoother.

Learn more about lubricants here:

https://brainly.com/question/30082267

#SPJ4

Molecular substances are substances composed of molecules, which are formed by the combination of atoms through covalent bonds.

The classification of the substances as molecular or ionic is as follows:

Molecular: Glucose, Water, Chlorine, Methane, Ammonia, Copper sulfide

Ionic: Calcium oxide, Silver nitrate, Potassium chloride, Barium sulfate, Sodium hydroxide.

In a molecular substance, atoms share electrons to form stable molecular structures. Unlike ionic compounds, where ions are held together by electrostatic forces, molecular substances have atoms held together within a molecule by covalent bonding.

These substances tend to have lower melting and boiling points compared to ionic compounds. This is because the intermolecular forces between molecules, such as van der Waals forces or hydrogen bonding, are weaker than the strong electrostatic forces between ions. Consequently, molecular substances often exist as gases, liquids, or solids with relatively low melting points.

Molecular substances consist of covalently bonded atoms, whereas ionic substances contain ions held together by electrostatic forces.

Therefore, the classification of the substances as molecular or ionic is as follows:

Molecular: Glucose, Water, Chlorine, Methane, Ammonia, Copper sulfide

Ionic: Calcium oxide, Silver nitrate, Potassium chloride, Barium sulfate, Sodium hydroxide.

For more details regarding molecular substances, visit:

https://brainly.com/question/3210662

#SPJ12

A buffer solution at pH 10 has the ratio of [HA] / [A⁻] of 10.The pKa of the acid is 11.

The pH is as follows :

pH = pka + log [A⁻] / [ HA]

Where

The pH = 10

[A⁻] / [ HA] = 1 / 10

By solving the values , we get :

pH = pka + log [A⁻] / [ HA]

10 = pka + log(1/ 10)

10 = pka + log (0.1 )

10 = pka + (-1 )

10 = pka - 1

pka = 11

The pka value is 11 for the pH of value 10.

To learn more about pH here

https://brainly.com/question/3934133

#SPJ4

Answer:

sample containing only BaCl2

and NaCl

is dissolved in 50 mL

of distilled water. Titrating with 0.07916 M

AgNO3

requires 19.46 mL

to reach the end point. What is the weight percent of BaCl2

in the sample? (Molar mass of BaCl2=208.232 gmol−1

and Molar mass of NaCl=58.4425 gmol−1

)

The way I did it was ;

0.1036g of sample contained 266.6745 Molar mass of BaCl2

and NaCl

i.e. 0.1036g of sample= 266.6745 of substance

x g = 208.232 of BaCl2

only

x g=(0.1036*208.232)/266.6745

=0.08089 g

Where 0.08089 g is the mass of BaCl2

present in the sample.

Weight % = (0.08089/0.1036)*100%

= 78%

I don't know if I'm correct.

what is the correct solution to the assignment please?

Union Carbide contended that the accident was the result of sabotage.

Union Carbide was a chemical company that was responsible for the 1984 Bhopal disaster, which was one of the worst industrial accidents in history. The disaster resulted in the release of toxic gas into the surrounding communities, causing widespread death and injury.

In the aftermath of the disaster, Union Carbide argued that the accident was the result of sabotage, claiming that someone intentionally introduced water into the tank containing the toxic gas, which caused the release of the gas. The company maintained this position for several years, despite significant evidence suggesting that the disaster was the result of poor safety practices, inadequate maintenance, and inadequate emergency planning.

However, this claim of sabotage was widely discredited, and Union Carbide eventually admitted that the disaster was the result of operational and design failures at the plant, including the lack of safety features and the inadequate training of employees.

To learn more about carbide, visit:

https://brainly.com/question/4499981#

#SPJ11

The pH at which the side-chain of amino group of the lysine is 20% dissociated is 11.3.

The percentage dissociation = 20 %

α = √ Ka/ c

Where,

Ka = dissociation constant

c = concentration

c =8.16 / 0.04

   = 2.04 × 10² M

After the dissociation , we get :

[Lys⁺] = [OH⁻]

         = cα

[Lys⁺]  = ( 2.04 × 10²) (0.20)

           = 4.08  × 10² M

The pH expression is as follows :

pH = - log [H⁺]

      = - log (Kw /  [OH⁻])

      = - log (2.54 × 10¹¹)

       = 11.3

Thus, the pH is 11.3 at side chain amino group of the lysine that is 20 % dissociated.

To learn more about pH here

https://brainly.com/question/14568028

#SPJ4

Fermentation is the process by which glucose converts to lactic acid. It occurs under anaerobic condition. Lactate dehydrogenase is the enzyme responsible for it.

Cellular respiration known as anaerobic respiration takes place when oxygen is not present. Lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation are the two kinds of anaerobic respiration. Some bacteria convert pyruvic acid into lactic acid. Animal muscle cells exhibit this metabolic mechanism as well. During physical activity, muscle cells' oxygen supply for respiration may not be sufficient. Pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid under anaerobic circumstances. When lactate dehydrogenase is present, this takes place. Additionally, an antioxidant like NADH+H+ is reoxidized to NAD+.

A significant portion of the energy is not released throughout the fermentation process. Less than 7% of the glucose's energy is released in this situation. Additionally, not all of it is included in ATP's high energy bonds.

Fermentation process:

In the breakdown of the glucose or 6-carbon molecule, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and 3-phosphoglyceric acid are produced.

NAD+ undergoes this transformation into NADH+H+.

When combined with 3-phosphoglyceric acid, phosphoenol pyruvic acid eventually yields pyruvic acid.

In this procedure, net 2 ATP molecules are produced (glycolysis).

NADH+H+, a reducing agent that reduces pyruvic acid to lactic acid and then reoxidizes to NAD+, aids in this process.

Two pyruvate/pyruvic acid molecules are converted into two lactate/lactic acid molecules through this procedure. The enzyme lactate dehydrogenase is present throughout this process.

For more such questions on Fermentation , Refer:

https://brainly.com/question/490148

#SPJ4

In order to move a negative charge farther away from a positive charge, then you need to apply a force in the direction away from the positive charge.

Coulomb's law states that the force between two point charges is directly proportional to the magnitude of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. The force between charges of opposite sign is attractive, while the force between charges of the same sign is repulsive.

Therefore, to move a negative charge farther away from a positive charge, a force must be applied in the direction away from the positive charge. This is because the force of attraction between the two charges acts to pull the negative charge towards the positive charge, and this force must be overcome in order to move the negative charge away. The magnitude of the force required will depend on the magnitude of the charges and the distance between them.

In general, moving charges in electric and magnetic fields requires the application of forces, and the direction and magnitude of these forces can be predicted using Coulomb's law and other laws of electromagnetism. Understanding these forces is important in many areas of science and technology, including electronics, electrical engineering, and particle physics.

Learn more about positive charge here: brainly.com/question/2903220

#SPJ4

The 2,3-dimethylbutane structure is as follows: There are no chiral centers in the specified structure. Additionally, the supplied molecule has a plane of symmetry that often eliminates stereoisomerism. As a result, there are no stereoisomers.

In contrast to atomic connection, stereoisomers differ in the spatial arrangement of their atoms. The mirror-image stereoisomers, a non-superimposable pair of two molecules that are mirror images of one another, are one of their most intriguing types of isomers.

What are stereoisomers exactly?

Stereoisomers are isomers with the same composition (i.e., similar parts), but different orientations in space, according to a general description.

Learn more about  stereoisomers:

brainly.com/question/24128816

#SPJ4

The average of the three trials is 0.791 g/ml, which is close to the actual density of ethanol (0.789 g/ml).

Ethanol is an organic chemical compound, also known as ethyl alcohol, that is found in alcoholic beverages and has many uses in industry. It is produced by the fermentation of sugar and starches, such as corn and wheat, and is often used as an additive in gasoline. Ethanol has a variety of practical applications, including being used as a solvent, a fuel, an antiseptic and a preservative. It is also used in the manufacture of perfumes, paints, solvents, plastics and pharmaceuticals.

Trial 1: Mass = 42.3 g, Volume = 53.5 ml

Density: 42.3 g / 53.5 ml = 0.791 g/ml

Trial 2: Mass = 42.1 g, Volume = 53.4 ml

Density: 42.1 g / 53.4 ml = 0.790 g/ml

Trial 3: Mass = 42.2 g, Volume = 53.3 ml

Density: 42.2 g / 53.3 ml = 0.792 g/ml

The average of the three trials is 0.791 g/ml, which is close to the actual density of ethanol (0.789 g/ml).

To learn more about ethanol

https://brainly.com/question/20814130

#SPJ4

From the given ratio, it takes 2 cups of water to cook 1 cup of rice;

Mathematicians use the term "ratio" to compare two or more numbers. It serves as a comparison tool to show how big or tiny an amount is in relation to another.

Considering the given ratio in order to determine the cups of water required to cook any given cups of rice:

It takes 2 cups of water to cook 1 cup of rice

The ratio of cups of water to cups of rice is 2 : 1

The cups of rice that can you cook with 0. 5 cups of water is 0.5 * 1/2 = 0.25 cups of rice.

The cups of water that it will take to cook 6. 5 cups of rice is 6.5 * 2 = 13 cups of water.

Learn more about ratios at: https://brainly.com/question/12024093

#SPJ1

Answer:

from power stations, through transmission lines and distribution lines

Explanation:

have great day

The average velocity of the gas on 18° C is [tex]\sqrt{\frac{8 \ R \ 18}{\pi \ M} }[/tex].

The average velocity of the gas on 45° C is  [tex]\sqrt{\frac{8 \ R \ 45}{\pi \ M} }[/tex]

The average velocity of gas = [tex]\sqrt{\frac{8 \ RT}{\pi \ M} }[/tex]

R= gas constant

M= molecular mass of gas

T= temperature

Average Kinetic energy increases with the temperature. The velocity of the molecules also increases.  Different molecules are moving with different speeds so we take the average of the motion of particles.

Average Kinetic energy = [tex]\frac{3}{2} K \ T[/tex]

To learn more about average velocity

brainly.com/question/9820870

#SPJ4

The trend in ionization energies as you go down a group is C. Going down the group Ionization energies decrease as the atomic radius increase.

Ionization energy is the energy required to remove an electron from a neutral atom in gaseous form. Also as with the atomic radius, the periodicity of this one element also has the following tendencies:

In a group from top to bottom, the ionization energy of an element decreases because the atomic radius increases, so that the attraction of the nucleus to the outermost electrons becomes weaker and the ionization energy decreases.

In one period, the ionization energy of the elements increases from left to right because the atomic radius is getting smaller, so that the attraction of the nucleus to the outermost atom is getting stronger and the ionization energy is increasing.

Learn more about Ionization Energy at: https://brainly.com/question/11723795

#SPJ4

When benzene is reacted with hot sulfuric acid or a mixture of so3 in h2so4, which group replaces a ring h?

The resulting product is the substitution of one of the hydrogen atoms in the benzene ring with a sulfonic acid group (-SO3H).

This reaction is known as sulfonation, and it results in the formation of a sulfonic acid derivative of benzene.

What is Sulfonation?

Sulfonation is a chemical process in which a sulfonic acid group (-SO3H) is introduced into a molecule. It is typically performed as a reaction between a sulfonic acid anhydride and a substrate molecule. The result of sulfonation is a sulfonated product, which has increased water solubility and improved acidity compared to the original substrate. Sulfonation is commonly used in the synthesis of surfactants, detergents, and other industrial and commercial products.

Here you can learn more about  Sulfur Acid

brainly.com/question/4025929

#SPJ4

Explanation:

[tex]$$\mathrm{MgSO}_{4(\mathrm{~s})} \stackrel{\Delta \mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{s}_1}}{\longrightarrow} \mathrm{MgSO}_4 \cdot 7 \mathrm{MH}_2^{+2} \mathrm{O}+\mathrm{SO}_{4(\mathrm{aq})}^{2-}$$$\\\therefore \quad \Delta \mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{s}_1}=\Delta\\\mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{Hyd}}+\Delta\mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{s}_2}$$\\\therefore \quad-20.3=\Delta \mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{Hyd}}+4.8$$\\\therefore \quad \Delta \mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{Hyd}}=-25.1 \mathrm{kcal} / \mathrm{mole}$[/tex]

The change in enthalpy that occurs when one mole of a gaseous ion dissolves in enough water to generate an infinitely diluted solution under a typical environment of 1 bar pressure is known as the hydration enthalpy (HHyd) (infinite dilution means a further addition of solute will not cause any heat change).

Enthalpy of hydration can be defined as the quantity of energy released upon dilution of one mole of gaseous ions in simple terms. With water acting as the solvent, it can be compared to the enthalpy of solvation. Also known as hydration energy, enthalpy of hydration has a constant negative value.

Learn more about Enthalpy here:

https://brainly.com/question/13775366

#SPJ4

The property of the solution is described by the pH is the Acid - Base property.

The pH of the solution is the measure of hydrogen ion concentration in the solution. The pH of the solution describes the acid nature and the basic nature of the solution. The pH scale ranges from the 0 to 14 .

If the pH of the solution is blow the value 7 , it means that the solution is acidic in nature. If the pH of the solution is above 7 than the solution is basic in nature. Th pH value 7 is for neutral solution.

To learn more about pH here

https://brainly.com/question/15289741

#SPJ4

20-35% of the total calories that are obtained from out food products are from the fats.

The food that we eat is rich in a number of essential nutrients which are required by our body and these include protein, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals etc. Our body breaks down the complex food in simpler substances in order to produce energy which is necessary to perform the day to day activities in our life.

The major sources of calories in the food are the carbohydrates followed by the fats and proteins. About 45 to 65 percent of the total calories comes from the carbohydrates, 20 to 35 percent comes from the fat, and about 10 to 35 percent of the calories come from protein.

To know more about fats here

https://brainly.com/question/14625990

#SPJ4

When the 1-chlorobutane is treated with sodium hydroxide, two products are formed are the correct option is C. 1 - butene F. 1 - butanol.

When 1-chlorobutane is treated with sodium hydroxide, The reaction is as follows :

1) The substitution reaction take place :

Cl - CH₂ - CH₂ - CH₂ - CH₃   +  NaOH  ---->  OH - CH₂ - CH₂ - CH₂ - CH₃

   1-chlorobutane             sodium hydroxide             1 - butanol              

2) The elimination reaction take place :

Cl - CH₂ - CH₂ - CH₂ - CH₃   +  NaOH  ---->  CH = CH - CH₂ - CH₃

1-chlorobutane             sodium hydroxide     1-butene

To learn more about 1-chlorobutane here

https://brainly.com/question/29751428

#SPJ4

The vapor pressure (in torr) at 293 k in a solution prepared by dissolving 16.20 g of the non-volatile non-electrolyte urea {CO(NH₂)₂} in 156 g of water.

The relative lowering of vapor pressure is one of colligative property. That means the vapor pressure of the solution should be lower than the vapor pressure of solvent i.e. water. The formula to calculate the vapor pressure of the solution is (P° - P)/P° = x, where P° = vapor pressure of solvent i.e. water = 17.54 torr.

Mol of solute = mass / molar mass = 16.20 g /60g/mol = 0.27 mol

Mol of solvent = mass / molar mass = 156g/18g/mol = 8.66 mol

Total moles = 0.27 mol + 8.66 mol = 8.93 mol

Hence, x = (0.27mol) /(8.93 mol) = 0.0302.

Now put these data into the above equation to find the vapor pressure of solution(P).

=> P = P° ( 1 - x )

=> P = 17.54 ( 1 - 0.0302 )

=> P = 17.54 × 0.9698

=> P = 17.01

Hence, the required vapour pressure of water is 17.01 torr at 293 k.

To learn more about vapour pressure, refer:

https://brainly.com/question/2693029

#SPJ4

Explanation:

a 1M solution of a nonionizing substance such as glucose is a 1 Osmolar solution; a 1M solution of NaCl = 2 Osm; and a 1M solution of Na2SO4 =3 Osm. So in our example, the osmolarity of the 0.9% NaCl solution is 0.15M * 2 = 0.3 Osm.0.9% NaCl solution has a molarity of 154 mmol/L whether the solution volume is 1 dL, 1 L, 1 μL, or an Olympic-size swimming pool! Osmolarity is the ratio of osmole content to total solution volume.

The molarity and osmolarity of a 0.9 NaCL solution is 154 μM and 308 μM respectively.

The quantity of solute molecules per litre of solution is known as osmotic concentration, also referred to as osmolarity, and it serves as a measure of solute concentration. In the same way that a solution's molarity is represented by the letter "M," a solution's osmolarity is typically expressed as Osm/L.

Molarity of 0.9% NaCL solution =

0.9% = 9 grams of NaCL in 100 ml of H₂O

Molarity = weight in grams/GMW × v in ml/1000

=  [tex]$\frac{9}{58.44} \times \frac{100}{1000}[/tex]

= 0.00154 M

= 0.00154 × 10⁶

= 154 μM

osmolarity of 0.9% NaCL solution =

Multiply molarity by no. of osmoles

In NaCL the osmoles are Na⁺ and CL⁻ = 2

osmolarity = 154 × 2

= 308 μM

Thus, The molarity and osmolarity of a 0.9 NaCL solution is 154 μM and 308 μM respectively.

Learn more about osmolarity

https://brainly.com/question/13597129

#SPJ4

Complete question:

1. what is the molarity and osmolarity of a 0.9% NaCl solution that we will be using to dilute the blood. (NaCL molecular weight= 58.44 g/mol)

The hybridization of the carbon atom's valence orbitals cannot be ascertained without knowing more about the chemical "x." In order to calculate the number of bonds and the molecular shape of the molecule,

To create a hybrid, two or more distinct species, breeds, or types of plants or animals must be crossed. This can be accomplished either by artificial crossbreeding in the wild or controlled breeding in agriculture. The child may exhibit qualities from both parents, resulting in a blend of traits that may be advantageous or enhanced in some way. Through the gradual accumulation of genetic alterations over time, hybridization can potentially result in the emergence of new species. The bonding configuration between atoms in a molecule, which defines its shape and reactivity, is referred to as hybridization in chemistry.

Learn more about hybridization here:

https://brainly.com/question/29020053

#SPJ4