Valid criticisms of evaluating performance based on return on investment (ROI) include managers may ______.

The entry for the dividend declaration is as follows:

Retained Earnings (or Dividends Payable)         $21,000
    Common Stock Dividend                                       $21,000

This entry records the declaration of the cash dividend of $0.70 per share on Capstone Inc.'s $1 par common stock. The calculation for the amount of the dividend is:

Dividend per share x Number of outstanding shares = $0.70 x (30,000 - 3,400) = $0.70 x 26,600 = $18,620
However, the entry records the total amount of the dividend, which is $21,000. This is because the dividend is rounded up to the nearest whole dollar.

The amount is debited to Retained Earnings if the company is using the residual dividend policy, or to Dividends Payable if the company is using the stable dividend policy. The credit is to Common Stock Dividend, which is a temporary account that is closed to Retained Earnings at the end of the accounting period.

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With an hourly capital cost of $40 and an hourly wage rate of $10, a firm should generally consider a labor-intensive production technology to minimize costs. However, it is crucial to evaluate other factors such as efficiency and productivity before making a final decision.

Based on the given information, we can determine which production technology should be selected by comparing the costs associated with capital and labor. The hourly price of capital is $40, while the hourly wage rate is $10. This means that, per hour, capital is four times more expensive than labor.

To decide which production technology to select, a firm should analyze its production process and identify the technology that minimizes its costs. If technology is labor-intensive, it will rely more on workers and less on capital equipment. On the other hand, a capital-intensive technology relies more on capital equipment and less on labor.

Considering the cost differences between capital and labor, a firm should lean towards selecting a labor-intensive technology, as it would result in lower production costs. However, this decision also depends on factors such as productivity, efficiency, and the specific requirements of the production process.

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Supercenters are large stores that combine an economy supermarket with other lower-priced non-food merchandise.

The term that describes large stores that combine an economy supermarket with other lower-priced non-food merchandise is "supercenter."

Hypermarkets are large stores that combine an economy supermarket with other lower-priced non-food merchandise. These stores offer a wide variety of products, including groceries, clothing, and household items, all at competitive prices.

These stores are typically operated by major retailers such as Walmart and Target, and offer a wide range of products including groceries, clothing, electronics, home goods, and more at discounted prices.

Supercenters have become increasingly popular in recent years, as they provide a convenient one-stop shopping experience for consumers looking to save money on their household purchases.

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The final answer is O'Connor Company's most recent accounts receivable turnover is 23.08. This means that the company collected its average accounts receivable balance 23.08 times during the year.

To calculate the accounts receivable turnover, we need to divide net credit sales by the average accounts receivable balance. Since we only have the ending balances for Year 1 and Year 2, we'll need to estimate the average accounts receivable balance:

Average accounts receivable = (Beginning accounts receivable + Ending accounts receivable) / 2

For Year 2, the ending accounts receivable balance is $7,500. We don't have the beginning accounts receivable balance, but we can assume that it was similar to the Year 1 beginning balance of $5,500.

Therefore: Average accounts receivable = ($5,500 + $7,500) / 2 = $6,500

Now we can calculate the accounts receivable turnover:

Accounts receivable turnover = Net credit sales / Average accounts receivable= Accounts receivable turnover = $150,000 / $6,500 = 23.08

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Zeus Enterprises appears to have a strong board of directors based on the information provided. The fact that none of the members have personal or business ties to the company's ownership suggests that the board is independent and less likely to be influenced by outside interests.

Additionally, the focus on recruiting individuals with technical expertise in cloud-computing demonstrates that the board has the necessary knowledge and skills to make informed decisions about the company's operations.

However, it is important to note that there are other factors that contribute to effective corporate governance beyond the composition of the board. For example, the board's processes for decision-making, transparency, and accountability are also critical.

Therefore, it would be beneficial to know more about these aspects of Zeus's corporate governance practices before making a definitive ranking.

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The beta of the second stock in the portfolio must be approximately 1.274 in order for the portfolio to be equally as risky as the market, given that the beta of the first stock is 1.29.

Let's use the following variables to represent the portfolio weights and betas:

- w: weight of the risky assets in the portfolio (i.e., the combined weight of the two stocks)

- β1: beta of the first stock

- β2: beta of the second stock

Since the portfolio is equally invested in the risk-free asset and the two stocks, we know that the weight of each stock is w/2.

Since the portfolio is equally as risky as the market, we can use the following equation to solve for w:

1 = w/2 x β1 + w/2 x β2 + (1 - w) x 0

The first two terms represent the systematic risk of the two stocks, while the third term represents the risk-free asset with a beta of 0.

Simplifying the equation, we get:

1 = w/2 x (β1 + β2)

Rearranging, we get:

w = 2 / (β1 + β2)

We also know that the beta of the portfolio is the weighted average of the betas of the individual assets:

1.00 = w/2 x 0 + w/2 x 1.29 + (1 - w) x 0

1.00 = w/2 x 1.29

w = 0.78

Substituting w = 0.78 into the equation we derived earlier, we can solve for β2:

0.78 = 2 / (β1 + β2)

β1 + β2 = 2 / 0.78

β1 + β2 = 2.564

Since we know that β1 = 1.29, we can solve for β2:

β2 = 2.564 - 1.29

β2 = 1.274

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The interest rate is a crucial concept in finance and economics, as it represents the cost of borrowing money or the return on invested funds.

Some of the different names for interest rate include the nominal rate, effective rate, annual percentage rate (APR), annual percentage yield (APY), discount rate, and yield to maturity (YTM). Each of these terms refers to a slightly different calculation or application of the interest rate, but all are used to measure the value of money over time and to make informed financial decisions.

Interest rate is the amount charged over and above the principal amount by the lender from the borrower. In terms of the receiver, a person who deposits money to any bank or financial institution also earns additional income considering the time value of money, termed as interest received by the depositor.

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Without government regulation, natural monopolies never earn zero profit in the long run.  False

Without government regulation, natural monopolies can still earn zero profit in the long run if there is sufficient competition from potential entrants or if there is a threat of entry. Natural monopolies are characterized by economies of scale, which means that their average costs decrease as they produce more output. However, this does not necessarily mean that they will earn excessive profits in the long run if there is competition or the threat of entry from other firms.

In the absence of regulation, potential competitors may enter the market if they can achieve similar economies of scale or if they can offer a differentiated product that is more attractive to consumers. As a result, the natural monopoly may face competitive pressures that limit its ability to earn excessive profits.

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This is an example of churning.

Churning is a practice in which a broker engages in excessive trading in a client's account primarily to generate commissions. This practice is considered illegal and unethical as it does not benefit the client and can result in financial harm.

In this case, the elderly lady's broker has engaged in churning by excessively trading in her account, which has resulted in unnecessary fees and potentially even losses.

It is important for investors to be aware of such practices and to work with reputable and trustworthy brokers to avoid falling victim to unethical practices like churning.

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An instructor compares business norms to a sporting event, such as basketball or soccer Deindividuation is the term used to describe Jacob's loss of self-awareness and self-control during a major sporting event.

Deindividuation is a phenomena where people act impulsively, abnormally, and even aggressively when they feel they can't be individually recognised (for example, in crowds, groups, and online).

Deindividuation occurs when people identify with a group that is more important to them than their own personal identity and sense of self. Deindividuation has a tendency to stifle disagreement and critical thinking, which could lead to a mob mentality.People consequently become less aware of their own internal behavioural norms, which will also make them act more impulsively. Therefore, it is argued that deindividuation has an impact on behaviour by reducing the level of explicit control that people have over their thoughts and actions.

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An instructor compares business norms to a sporting event, such as basketball or soccer. Which aspect of the sporting event would represent norms of Deindividuation?

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One of the major factors that led to the savings and loan crisis in the late 1980s and early 1990s was the relaxed regulations on the savings and loan industry.

In the 1970s and 1980s, the government loosened restrictions on the types of investments that savings and loan institutions could make. This led to many savings and loan institutions investing in risky ventures such as real estate development projects, which ultimately proved to be unsuccessful. When these investments failed, many savings and loan institutions became insolvent and had to be bailed out by the government, resulting in a financial crisis.

In the case of the Savings and Loan Crisis, deregulation allowed savings and loan institutions to engage in riskier lending practices and investments, leading to a higher rate of loan defaults and financial instability. This ultimately contributed to the collapse of many savings and loan institutions and the need for a government bailout.

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Thus, the times-interest-earned ratio for Burnaby Mountain Trading Company in 2017 is 3. This means that the company's earnings were three times greater than its interest expense, indicating that it has a comfortable buffer to cover its debt obligations.

The times-interest-earned ratio is a metric that measures a company's ability to meet its interest obligations on outstanding debt.

Therefore, the times-interest-earned ratio for 2017 is calculated as follows:

Times-interest-earned ratio = EBIT / Interest expense
Times-interest-earned ratio = $18,000 / $6,000
Times-interest-earned ratio = 3

So, the times-interest-earned ratio for Burnaby Mountain Trading Company in 2017 is 3. This means that the company's earnings were three times greater than its interest expense, indicating that it has a comfortable buffer to cover its debt obligations.

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If the FED decides to engage in expansionary monetary policy to pull the economy out of a recession, the recommended changes in the reserve ratio, the discount rate, and the open-market operations would be as follows:

1. Reserve Ratio: The FED should decrease the reserve ratio. This will increase the amount of money that banks can lend out and, therefore, increase the money supply.

2. Discount Rate: The FED should decrease the discount rate. This will make it cheaper for banks to borrow money from the FED, which will encourage them to lend more money to consumers and businesses.

3. Open Market Operations: The FED should engage in open market operations by buying government securities. This will inject new money into the economy, increasing the money supply.

a. The recommended changes in the reserve ratio, discount rate, and open-market operations will all help increase the money supply. By decreasing the reserve ratio, banks will have more money available to lend out, which will increase the money supply. By decreasing the discount rate, banks will be encouraged to borrow more money from the FED, which will increase the amount of money available to lend out. Finally, by buying government securities, the FED will inject new money into the economy, increasing the money supply.

b. With these policy changes, the money supply will increase, which will shift the money market graph to the right. This will cause interest rates to decrease, which will encourage borrowing and investment.

c. The expansion of the money supply will boost overall economic demand. As aggregate demand increases, businesses will increase production to meet the increased demand. This will lead to an increase in employment, output, and income.

a. - Reserve ratio: Decrease

- Discount rate: Decrease

- Open market operations: Purchase government securities

1. Lower the reserve ratio, which allows banks to lend more money, increasing the money supply.

2. Lower the discount rate, making it cheaper for banks to borrow money from the FED, encouraging lending and increasing the money supply.

3. Conduct open market operations by purchasing government securities, injecting money into the economy and increasing the money supply.

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The answer to the question is that the indicator you are referring to is the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA). It is a widely used benchmark for tracking the performance of the stock market.

The DJIA is composed of 30 large, publicly traded companies in the United States, primarily in the industrial sector. These companies are chosen by the Wall Street Journal's editors based on their size, stability, and reputation. The DJIA is often used as a barometer for the overall health of the U.S. economy and investor sentiment. However, it should be noted that the DJIA only tracks a small fraction of the overall stock market and may not always reflect broader market trends.
The Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) is the common stock indicator you're referring to, consisting of 30 large industrial firms and used to indicate stock performance. The DJIA represents the performance of these 30 companies' stocks and serves as a benchmark for the overall health of the stock market and the economy.

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Business process integration is the unification of business processes previously performed as separate activities, in order to create cohesive and streamlined business processes.

The term that describes the unification of business processes previously performed as separate activities is business process integration. This involves the combining of different processes, such as finance, sales, marketing, and customer service, into one cohesive and streamlined system.

The aim of business process integration is to enhance communication and collaboration between different departments within an organization, resulting in more efficient and effective business operations.

Business process integration is typically achieved through the implementation of enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems or other software solutions that enable data sharing and process automation across different departments. By integrating business processes, companies can reduce redundancies and errors, improve data accuracy and consistency, and increase productivity and profitability.

Additionally, business process integration can enable companies to better respond to changing market conditions and customer needs, as well as streamline decision-making processes. It also provides a platform for continuous improvement and innovation, as companies can analyze data and identify areas for optimization and growth.

In summary, business process integration is a critical component of modern business operations, enabling companies to operate more efficiently and effectively in a fast-paced and competitive global marketplace.

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Amanda buys a ruby for $330 for which she was willing to pay $340. The minimum acceptable price to the seller, Tony, was $140. So the transaction was beneficial for both parties.

Amanda's reservation price was $340, while Tony's minimum acceptable price was $140. The actual price they agreed upon was $330. This transaction resulted in a surplus for Amanda (consumer surplus) of $10 ($340 - $330), and a surplus for Tony (producer surplus) of $190 ($330 - $140). Overall, the transaction was beneficial for both parties.

Both Amanda and Tony benefit from this transaction as Amanda pays less than her maximum willingness and Tony receives more than his minimum acceptable price, as they were able to exchange the ruby at a price that was mutually beneficial.

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When using company stationery to write a letter, the most likely piece of information that would be provided to avoid typing it is the company's contact information.

This information would typically include the company's name, address, phone number, and possibly even their email and website. By having this information pre-printed on the stationery, it saves time and ensures that the letter is professional-looking and consistent with the company's branding. When using this stationery, you can then focus on composing the content of the letter without having to worry about typing in the company's contact details. In addition to contact information, some company stationery may also include the company's logo, slogan, or other design elements to further enhance their brand image.

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However, assuming that the question is referring to strategic decisions, the addition of a new production line with newer technology would be consistent with strategic decisions.

It involves evaluating long-term goals and objectives, assessing potential risks and benefits, and making decisions that will impact the overall direction and success of the company. This type of decision-making process often involves gathering and analyzing a significant amount of data and information, considering multiple alternatives, and carefully weighing the pros and cons before making a final decision. Therefore, a long answer to this question would likely involve a discussion of the strategic decision-making process and how the addition of a new production line fits into that process.
Brushes and Co.'s consideration of adding a new production line with newer technology is consistent with "capital budgeting" decisions because these decisions involve the evaluation and selection of long-term investment projects that will generate cash flows and contribute to the growth and profitability of the company. In capital budgeting, businesses assess the potential returns and risks of investment projects to determine which ones are worth pursuing. In this case, Brushes and Co. are analyzing whether investing in a new production line will provide a favorable return on investment and align with the company's long-term goals.

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a. Debit Mixing Department Direct Labor and Shaping Department Direct Labor for $105,000 and $95,000 respectively; credit Factory Wages Payable for $200,000.
b. Debit Manufacturing Overhead for $25,000; credit Factory Wages Payable for $25,000.

To record the direct labor incurred in both the Mixing and Shaping departments, you need to make the following journal entries:
a. Mixing Department Direct Labor (Debit) - $105,000
  Shaping Department Direct Labor (Debit) - $95,000
  Factory Wages Payable (Credit) - $200,000
These entries show that $105,000 of direct labor was incurred in the Mixing department and $95,000 in the Shaping department, and both amounts are credited to Factory Wages Payable, totaling $200,000.
For the indirect labor incurred:
b. Manufacturing Overhead (Debit) - $25,000
  Factory Wages Payable (Credit) - $25,000
This entry shows that $25,000 of indirect labor was incurred and charged to Manufacturing Overhead, with a credit to Factory Wages Payable.

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This price is determined by a variety of factors, including the seller's average cost and marginal cost of producing the item, as well as the current market price.

A seller's reservation price is the minimum price they are willing to accept for their product or service.

In some cases, the seller's reservation price may be equal to the buyer's reservation price, indicating that both parties are willing to agree on the same price for the transaction.

However, this is not always the case, as the seller's costs and market demand can influence their reservation price. Ultimately, the seller's reservation price is a critical factor in determining the success of a sale and must be carefully considered in any negotiation.

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The 2018 depreciation expense for the hot tub is $2,635. The hot tub was purchased on January 1, 2016, and has a 6-year life with a $1,890 salvage value.

The hot tub was purchased on January 1, 2016, and has a 6-year life with a $1,890 salvage value. Therefore, the annual depreciation expense is calculated as follows:
Annual depreciation expense = (Cost - Salvage value) / Life
Annual depreciation expense = ($11,790 - $1,890) / 6
Annual depreciation expense = $1,500
As of January 1, 2018, the hot tub has been in use for 2 years.

Therefore, the remaining useful life of the hot tub is 4 years (6 years - 2 years).

To calculate the 2018 depreciation expense, we need to determine the book value of the hot tub as of January 1, 2018. The book value is the original cost minus accumulated depreciation.
Accumulated depreciation = Annual depreciation expense x Number of years in use
Accumulated depreciation = $1,500 x 2
Accumulated depreciation = $3,000
Book value = Cost - Accumulated depreciation
Book value = $11,790 - $3,000
Book value = $8,790

Now that we have the book value as of January 1, 2018 and the remaining useful life of the hot tub, we can calculate the 2018 depreciation expense using the straight-line method.
Annual depreciation expense = (Book value - Salvage value) / Remaining useful life
Annual depreciation expense = ($8,790 - $885) / 3
Annual depreciation expense = $2,635
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This is an example of creating value by using the concept of synergies.

By sharing manufacturing operations, research and development, and staff departments across its various businesses, Polaris is able to achieve cost savings, increase efficiency, and leverage knowledge and expertise across the organization. This approach helps to streamline operations and allows the company to develop and bring new products to market more quickly and efficiently.

Additionally, by sharing resources and expertise, Polaris is able to build a stronger, more cohesive corporate culture, which can lead to greater innovation and improved performance. Overall, the synergies created by Polaris through its shared manufacturing operations and corporate support departments are a key driver of the company's success and competitive advantage in the marketplace.

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Compound interest is earned at a fixed rate, while the average based on an investment's past performance is known as the "rate of return."

Rate of return term refers to the profit or loss that an investment generates over a certain period of time. Unlike compound interest, the rate of return is not fixed and can vary depending on market conditions and other factors that affect the investment's performance. Investors often use the rate of return as a way to evaluate the success of their investment strategies and to compare different investment opportunities. It is important to note that the rate of return does not guarantee future performance and is only a measure of past results.

Compound interest is earned at a fixed rate, while the "historical return" is an average based on an investment's past performance. Compound interest refers to the interest earned on both the initial principal and the accumulated interest from previous periods, while historical return helps investors analyze and predict the potential future performance of an investment by considering its past performance. Both concepts are essential in understanding how investments grow over time, but they differ in terms of how they are calculated and used in financial planning.

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The excess of VIE's total business fair value over the collective fair values of its net assets is recognized as goodwill.

In consolidating a Variable Interest Entity (VIE), the process involves combining the financial statements of the VIE and the primary beneficiary. When the VIE's total business fair value (the price that would be received in selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability) exceeds the collective fair values of its net assets (assets minus liabilities), the difference is recognized as goodwill. Goodwill is an intangible asset that represents the non-physical factors that contribute to a business's value, such as strong brand recognition, customer relationships, and intellectual property. In the context of consolidating a VIE, goodwill reflects the perceived value of the VIE's business beyond its identifiable net assets.

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Based on what we know about women leaders, we can predict that Janine's leadership style as a Vice President may exhibit certain common traits that include collaborative decision-making, effective communication, emotional intelligence, and a people-oriented approach.

In her new role, Janine may focus on fostering a team-oriented environment, encouraging open communication and cooperation among team members. She might prioritize building relationships and nurturing talent, which could contribute to employee satisfaction and improved performance.

As a 45-year-old accountant with experience in mergers and acquisitions, Janine would likely bring her expertise to the table and make informed, strategic decisions for the company. Additionally, her background as a consultant may give her the ability to adapt to new situations and solve problems effectively.

It's essential to note that individual leadership styles vary, and not all women leaders exhibit the same traits. However, these predictions are based on common trends observed among female leaders in various industries. Ultimately, Janine's success as a Vice President will depend on her ability to leverage her strengths, adapt to the role, and effectively lead her team.

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Using employment per 1,000 jobs can provide a standardized and meaningful measure of employment that accounts for differences in population and workforce size, making it a useful tool for analyzing .

However, it is possible that the instructions asked you to research data on employment per 1,000 jobs to provide a standardized measure of employment that accounts for differences in population and workforce size between different regions or industries. Using employment per 1,000 jobs allows for more meaningful comparisons of employment levels between different regions or industries. For example, a region with a higher population and workforce size may have more total jobs than a region with a lower population and workforce size, but looking at employment per 1,000 jobs would give a more accurate representation of the employment rate in each region.

Additionally, employment per 1,000 jobs can be useful for tracking changes in employment levels over time or identifying trends in the job market. By comparing employment levels over time or across industries, policymakers, businesses, and analysts can identify areas of job growth or decline and make informed decisions about workforce development and investment. Overall, using employment per 1,000 jobs can provide a standardized and meaningful measure of employment that accounts for differences in population and workforce size, making it a useful tool for analyzing and understanding employment trends.

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The historic common law principle that enables employers to hire or fire employees without prior notice or cause is known as termination a term employee is fired for cause during the term specified.

The employer may do so without being held responsible for any damages. An employee is deemed to have been fired at the conclusion of such a contract until a new Contract is supplied or the provisions of the existing contract are altered. As in the majority of other countries, employees in India who are fired by their employers frequently given one month's notice or payment in lieu of notice. Either party may end a contract with the other's approval or agreement, or both parties may do so. There are numerous ways for a contract to be formed.

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The historic common law principle that enables employers to hire or fire employees without prior notice or cause is known as ?

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Based on the scenario, the situation would be categorized as favourable. When leader-subordinate relations are good, it means that there is trust and mutual respect between the leader and their subordinates.

This facilitates communication and cooperation, leading to better task performance and higher job satisfaction. Additionally, when task structure is high, it means that the tasks are well-defined, and there are clear expectations of what needs to be done. This reduces uncertainty and ambiguity, leading to more efficient work processes.

Although position power is low in this scenario, this is not necessarily a negative aspect. Leaders who rely solely on their position power to influence their subordinates may experience resistance or rebellion, whereas leaders who focus on building positive relationships can motivate their subordinates to perform at a higher level. In summary, a combination of good leader-subordinate relations, high task structure, and low position power creates a favourable situation where both leaders and subordinates can thrive.

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The correct answer to the multiple choice question is "the Internet; retail stores." One advantage of using the Internet to shop compared to retail stores is that it is much easier to comparison shop for the best price.

The Internet provides shoppers with a vast array of options to choose from, allowing them to compare prices and products from various retailers all in one place. This means that shoppers can quickly and easily find the best deal without having to physically visit multiple retail stores. Additionally, many online retailers offer special promotions, discounts, and deals that are not available in stores, providing an added advantage to shopping online.

Catalogs, on the other hand, are a more traditional form of shopping that can be used in conjunction with either retail stores or the Internet. Catalogs offer a convenient way for shoppers to browse through products and make purchases from the comfort of their own home. However, catalogs do not offer the same level of comparison shopping as the Internet, as shoppers are typically limited to the products and prices offered by the specific catalog they are using.

Overall, the Internet provides a significant advantage to shoppers when it comes to comparison shopping for the best price. Its vast array of options and ease of use make it an ideal platform for finding the best deals and discounts, making it a popular choice for many modern consumers. So, the correct answer to the multiple choice question is "the Internet; retail stores."

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