two semiconductor materials have exactly the same properties except material a has a bandgap energy of 0.90 ev and material b has a bandgap energy of 1.10 ev. determine the ratio of n, of material b to that of material a for (a) t 200 k (b) t 300 k. and (c) t 400 k.

Compared to red light, blue light has a higher frequency and energy.

Visible light is made up of electromagnetic wavelengths that are visible to human vision. Infrared waves and ultraviolet light fall outside of this spectrum.

The colours we perceive are determined by the wavelengths and frequencies that an item reflects.

Light exists as a particle as well as a wave. It possesses wave qualities, such as amplitude, period, wavelength, and frequency, among others.

A wave's frequency is the number of times it completes a cycle every second. It is measured in cycles per second, or hertz (Hz).

The frequencies for visible light vary from 4*10^14 to 8*10^14 Hz.

The greater the frequency, the more energy there is in the light. Its wavelength becomes shorter as a result.

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Coulomb's law determines how much of an electric force is exerted on a charge.

According to Coulomb's law, the electric force between two charges is inversely proportional to their distance from one another and directly proportional to the product of their respective magnitudes. It can be stated mathematically as:
F = k * q1 * q2 / r^2
where F is the strength of the electric force, k is the Coulomb's constant (8.99 x 109 N* m2/C2), q1 and q2 are the sizes of the charges, and r is the space between them. The direction of the force is along the line joining the two charges, and depending on the signs of the charges, it may be either attracting or repulsive.

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Given the angular velocity α = f t and the initial conditions θ(0) = ω(0) = 0, the angle θ of the rotating rigid body at a given time t is given by θ(t) = 1/2 * f * t^2.

A rotating rigid body is an object that rotates about an axis with a constant angular velocity. If the angular velocity is a function of time, then the position of the body can be described by the angle it has rotated through at a given time. In this question, the angular velocity of the rotating rigid body is given by α = f t, where f > 0 is a constant.

Detailed Explanation:

The angular velocity α is the rate of change of the angle θ with respect to time. If we differentiate the equation α = f t with respect to time, we get dα/dt = f. Integrating both sides with respect to time, we get:

θ = 1/2 * f * t^2 + C

where C is an arbitrary constant of integration. Since θ(0) = 0 and ω(0) = 0, we can use these initial conditions to solve for C:

θ(0) = 1/2 * f * 0^2 + C = 0

C = 0

So, the equation for the angle θ becomes:

θ(t) = 1/2 * f * t^2

This equation represents the angle θ as a function of time, and shows that the angle is directly proportional to the square of the time elapsed.

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The result of the calculation should be measured with three significant figures:

83.05 (rounded to three significant figures)

In this case, both 8500 kg and 102.1 kg have three significant figures.

The calculation is:

(8500 kg) / (102.1 kg) = 83.053

Measurement is the process of determining the size, amount, or degree of a physical quantity. It is an essential aspect of science and engineering, as well as everyday life. Measurement is used to quantify the properties of objects and substances, such as length, weight, temperature, and time.

The measurement process involves choosing a unit of measurement, such as meters, grams, or seconds, and then comparing the physical quantity being measured to that unit. The result of a measurement is a numerical value, which can be used to make comparisons and draw conclusions about the physical quantity being measured.

Measurements are often used to create models and simulations, and to make predictions about future events. The accuracy and precision of measurements are important considerations, as small variations in the measurement process can result in significant differences in the final result. Measurement is a fundamental aspect of science and engineering, and it plays a critical role in many areas of human activity, from manufacturing and construction to medicine and communication.

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The extra mass of the magnesium oxide comes from then magnesium nitride that is also formed.

If we look at the law of the conservation of mass, we know from that very law that the masses of the substances at the beginning of the reaction must be the same as the masses of the substances at the end of the reaction and this is because the mass of the reaction is conserved.

Given the fact that magnesium does combine with nitrogen to give magnesium nitride in the reaction then the mass of the product would be higher.

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The acceleration when the ball is moving upward is -5g/4.

The complete question:

A baseball is thrown straight up. The drag force is proportional to v².

-In terms of g, what is the y-component of the ball's acceleration when its speed is half its terminal speed and it is moving up?

If 'g' is the acceleration due to gravity

V' is the terminal velocity of the ball

The Drage force can be determined as,

F = (K × v²)

v=√g/K

where k is the drag force

Acceleration when the ball is half terminal while moving upward can be calculated as,

Acceleration F= k× (v/2)²

Acceleration= -k×(g/(k/2²)) -g

Acceleration= -k×(g/(k/4)) -g

Acceleration = -5g/4

Hence, acceleration when the ball is moving upward is -5g/4.

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The direction of force in Coulomb's law is determined by the direction of the electric field created by the charges.

Coulomb's law states that the force between two charged particles is proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. The direction of this force is determined by the direction of the electric field created by the charges.

The electric field is defined as the force per unit charge and can be visualized as the field lines that emanate from a charged particle. The direction of the electric field is always away from a positive charge and towards a negative charge, and the force between two charges will be in the same direction as the electric field at the point where they are located.

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The required speed of the ball when distance and time are given is calculated to be (1.54 ± 0.01) cm/s.

The formula for speed is speed = distance/time. Using the given values, we can calculate the observed speed of the ball as follows:

Distance is given as (30.2 ± 0.1) cm.

Time is given as (19.58 ± 0.01) s.

Speed = distance / time = (30.2 ± 0.1)/(19.58 ± 0.01)

Using the most probable uncertainty (±0.5 times the smallest uncertainty), we can estimate the uncertainty in the speed calculation as follows:

Uncertainty in distance = 0.1 cm

Uncertainty in time = 0.01 s

Uncertainty in speed = (uncertainty in distance) / (time) ± 0.5 * (smallest uncertainty)

= (0.1) / (19.58) ± 0.5 * (0.01)

= 0.0051 ± 0.005 cm/s

Therefore, the observed speed of the ball is (1.54 ± 0.01) cm/s.

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According to the graph, Car A and car B are colliding at 1 hour when  the cars start from the same position and are traveling in the same direction.

When two cars collide, their velocity and acceleration will both change drastically. The velocity of both cars will become zero, and the acceleration of both cars will become negative, as the cars will decelerate rapidly due to the force of the collision. When two cars collide, the direction of each car will change depending on the speed and angle of impact. The faster car will generally have more of an effect on the direction of the other car. Generally, the cars will move away from each other in different directions after the collision.

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The area of a cross-section of a wire is 1.472 × 10⁻⁷ m².

The complete question is in the attachment. The formula to calculate the resistance of an object

R = ρ × L ÷ A

R = ρ × L ÷ A

R × A = ρ × L

A = ρ × L ÷ R

A = 1.84 × 10⁻⁶ × 2 ÷ 25

A = 3.68 × 10⁻⁶ ÷ 25

A = 0.1472 × 10⁻⁶

A = 1.472 × 10⁻⁷ m²

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"The expression for the total time of flight when the object is released from ground level is t = (2u sinθ)/(g)."

Applying the second kinematic equation yields the expression for the total duration of flight, as given below.

As the object is released from a height of h,

h = vt + ¹/₂ gt²

where;

h is said to be the height of fall of the object

v is the initial vertical velocity of the object

g is acceleration due to gravity

t is the time of flight

As the ball is elevated above the ground,

t = (2u sinθ)/(g)

where,

u is the initial velocity

θ is the direction of the velocity

g is acceleration due to gravity

The total amount of time an object spends in the air is hence it's time of flight.

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The velocity of the particle when t = 6 s is 0 m/s, and its position when t = 11 s is 165 m.

To find the velocity of the particle when t = 6 s, we need to integrate the acceleration function with respect to time. The velocity function v(t) is the indefinite integral of the acceleration function a(t) with respect to time.

v(t) = ∫a(t) dt = ∫(2t - 6) dt = t² - 6t + C

where C is the constant of integration. To find the value of C, we need to use an initial condition, such as the velocity of the particle when t = 0. If the particle starts from rest, then v(0) = 0, so we can find the value of C:

0 = 0² - 6 × 0 + C

C = 0

Therefore, the velocity function is:

v(t) = t² - 6t

So the velocity of the particle when t = 6 s is:

v(6) = 6² - 6 × 6 = 0

To find the position of the particle when t = 11 s, we need to integrate the velocity function with respect to time. The position function x(t) is the indefinite integral of the velocity function v(t) with respect to time.

x(t) = ∫v(t) dt = ∫(t² - 6t) dt = (1/3)t³ - 6(1/2)t² + C

where C is the constant of integration. To find the value of C, we need to use an initial condition, such as the position of the particle when t = 0. If the particle starts from rest, then x(0) = 0, so we can find the value of C:

0 = (1/3) × 0³ - 6(1/2) × 0² + C

C = 0

Therefore, the position function is:

x(t) = (1/3)t³ - 6(1/2)t²

So the position of the particle when t = 11 s is:

x(11) = (1/3) × 11³ - 6(1/2) × 11² = 165 m.

Therefore, the velocity of the particle when t = 6 s is 0 m/s, and its position when t = 11 s is 165 m.

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The complete question is as follows:

The velocity of the particle when t = 6 s is 0 m/s, and its position when t = 11 s is 165 m.

What is the velocity function?

To find the velocity of the particle when t = 6 s, we need to integrate the acceleration function with respect to time. The velocity function v(t) is the indefinite integral of the acceleration function a(t) with respect to time.
v(t) = ∫a(t) dt = ∫(2t - 6) dt = t² - 6t + C
where C is the constant of integration. To find the value of C, we need to use an initial condition, such as the velocity of the particle when t = 0. If the particle starts from rest, then v(0) = 0, so we can find the value of C:
0 = 0² - 6 × 0 + C
C = 0
Therefore, the velocity function is:
v(t) = t² - 6t
So the velocity of the particle when t = 6 s is:
v(6) = 6² - 6 × 6 = 0
To find the position of the particle when t = 11 s, we need to integrate the velocity function with respect to time. The position function x(t) is the indefinite integral of the velocity function v(t) with respect to time.
x(t) = ∫v(t) dt = ∫(t² - 6t) dt = (1/3)t³ - 6(1/2)t² + C
where C is the constant of integration. To find the value of C, we need to use an initial condition, such as the position of the particle when t = 0. If the particle starts from rest, then x(0) = 0, so we can find the value of C:
0 = (1/3) × 0³ - 6(1/2) × 0² + C
C = 0
Therefore, the position function is:
x(t) = (1/3)t³ - 6(1/2)t²
So the position of the particle when t = 11 s is:
x(11) = (1/3) × 11³ - 6(1/2) × 11² = 165 m.
Therefore, the velocity of the particle when t = 6 s is 0 m/s, and its position when t = 11 s is 165 m.

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The complete question is as follows:

The reverse of a spontaneous reaction is typically non-spontaneous, meaning it requires input of energy in the form of heat, light, or work to occur.

A spontaneous reaction is a chemical reaction that occurs on its own, without the input of external energy, and proceeds in a direction that increases the system's overall disorder, or entropy. This means that the reaction is thermodynamically favored and proceeds in the direction that leads to an increase in the randomness of the system. Spontaneous reactions can release energy in the form of heat or light, which can be harnessed in various applications.

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Answer:

Social-culture

Explanation:

Answer: good depending on what the robot is doing

Explanation:

Robots replacing people in some spheres of life would ensure that many dangerous jobs are taken over so that human casualties would significantly decrease such as mining.However, in a death to death situation leaving it up to a robot can be very one sided to some people and can cause two sides of an argument to arise. Some saying that the robot should have 'killed' one choice and some would say the other choice or the original choice the robot chose.

For example a self driving car, comes in path to either choose to drive into a innocent person on the side walk killing them, a brick wall killing the passengers in the car, the car in front killing the people in the front car or a harmless stray dog.

Humans have that choice as a quick decision to make at the spur of the moment as they deem fit. However if the robot decides to crash into the dog some may say that they would have crashed into the car in front. ect.

Overall, yes there are some places where robots can replace people and it will be a positive result, while there are other places where a robot taking over a persons 'job' could be a negative result.

The impulse will be increased by 4 times, if the force acting on the object and the time of impact, both are doubled.

Impulse is defined as the change in momentum of an object. We know that time rate of change of momentum is equal to the exerted force.

Force = change in momentum(Δp)/time(t)

Also, Impulse = change in momentum(Δp)

So Impulse(I) = change in momentum =  F × t

So impulse is also defined as the product of force and the time of the impact.

I = F × t

if force and time are doubled then,

I₂ = 2F × 2t

I₂ = 4 F × t

I₂ = 4 × I

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The rope is pulled on the block with a force of about 13.04 N on with a force of f = 15 n and alpha be 30 degrees.

The force pulling on the block can be calculated using the component of the force in the direction of the block. To find this component, you can use the cosine function, as follows:

f block = f * cos(alpha) = 15 * cos(30) = 15 * sqrt(3) / 2 = about 13.04 N

So, the rope pulls on the block with a force of about 13.04 N.

The force of the rope pulling on the block is dependent on the angle between the force applied to the rope and the direction in which the block is being pulled. The force applied to the block can be found by resolving the force of the rope into its components along the x and y axes.

The horizontal component of the force (parallel to the x axis) will be equal to the force applied to the rope times the cosine of the angle between the force and the x axis.

The vertical component of the force (parallel to the y axis) will be equal to the force applied to the rope times the sine of the angle between the force and the y axis.

The magnitude of the force applied to the block will be equal to the square root of the sum of the squares of the horizontal and vertical components.

So, in this case, the force of the rope pulling on the block can be calculated using the horizontal and vertical components and the magnitude of the force can be found using the Pythagorean theorem.

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The equation for motion with constant acceleration is mentioned below.

What is motion ?

The way a body's orientation or position changes throughout time. Translation is the action of moving along a line or curve.  When an object's position alters over time, we say it is in motion. By mentioning a reference point, we can indicate where an object is located. There is relative motion. An object's distance is stated to be the sum of the paths it has traveled.

What is acceleration?

Acceleration was the representation rate In a change of velocity because the acceleration always depends on the object's speed. Acceleration determines the rate of the particles. Acceleration is the vector quantity. It is a vector quantity, but it has both extent and movement. Newton's law also has the acceleration of the magnitude described. The m.s-2 is the standard unit for acceleration.

A = v v 0 t is a real equation. From this we can infer that at a certain time, if the difference between the starting and end velocity is minimal, the acceleration is modest and approaches zero in the limit when the initial and final velocities are equal.

Therefore, equation for motion with constant acceleration is mentioned above.

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Instantaneous velocity and instantaneous speed are related but distinct concepts in physics. Understanding the difference between these two measures is important for understanding the motion of objects, including cars.

Instantaneous velocity refers to the velocity of an object at a specific point in time. It is a vector quantity that includes both the magnitude (speed) and direction of the object's motion. This means that if an object is moving, its instantaneous velocity will be different at different points in time as its speed or direction may change.

On the other hand, instantaneous speed refers to the magnitude of an object's velocity at a specific point in time, without takinin time, without taking into account the direction of motion. This meang into account the direction of motion. This mean that the instantaneous speed will always be a positive scalar value, regardless of the direction of motion.

So, to answer the question, the car's instantaneous velocity component can be different from its instantaneous speed when the car changes direction. If the car is turning, its direction of motion is changing, so its instantaneous velocity will change as well, even if its speed remains constant. However, the instantaneous speed will not change in this case, as it only takes into account the magnitude of velocity, not its direction.

To summarize, the difference between instantaneous velocity and instantaneous speed has to do with the direction of motion. Instantaneous velocity includes information about the direction of motion, while instantaneous speed only includes information about the magnitude of velocity.

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Energy (E) is given by the product of power (P) and time (t), so

E = P * t.If the car headlamp converts energy at a rate of 50 W.

E = 50 W * (5 minutes / 60 minutes/hour) = 50 W * (5/60) hours = 50 * (5/60) Wh

5 minutes = 5 minutes / 60 minutes/hour = 5/60 hours

Next, we'll use the formula for energy:

Energy (E) = Power (P) * Time (t)

Plugging in the values we have:

E = 50 W * (5/60) hours = 50 * (5/60) Wh

So the car headlamp converts 50 * (5/60) watt-hours of energy when it's switched on for 5 minutes.

In other words, 50 watts of power multiplied by 5/60 hours of time results in 50 * (5/60) watt-hours of energy.

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From the given information about Tarzan,

a)No,the vine doesnot break.

b)The greatest force on it during the swing is 933N.

(a) To see if the vine breaks, it is adequate to inspect it right now Tarzan swings through the absolute bottom, which is the point at which the plant — in the event that it didn't break — would have the best strain. Picking a vertical positive, Newton's subsequent regulation prompts

                                T-mg=mv²/r

where r=18.0m and m=W/g=688/9.8=70.2kg. We see as the v²

from energy protection (where the reference position for the potential energy is at the absolute bottom).

mgh=(1/2)mv²

=>v²=2gh

where h=3.20m. Joining these outcomes, we have

T=mg+(m×2gh)/r=mg(1 + (2h/r))

=>T=70.2×9.8×[1+(2×3.2)/18]

=>T=687.96 × (1+ 6.4/18)

=>T=687.96 ×(1+0.355)

=>T=687.96×1.355

=>T=932.738N

Since,maximum force given is 950N ,therefore the vine doesn't break.

(b) Adjusting to a fitting number of huge figures, we see the greatest force is generally 9.3×10²N

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A)  the average speed of the car during the first leg is 34.4 miles/hr

B)the average speed of the car over the entire trip is 61miles/hr

We know, the average speed =Total distance/Total time then at a we convert mites/nour to m/s. [ 1 mile = 1600. 344 meter]

During,

1st lag, Distance (BI) = 40.6 miles time (+1) = 1.18 hours.

Average speed the car during the first v avg =40.6/1.18=34.4 miles/hr

During, 2nd leg,

Distance (D₂) = 140.7 miles Time (+ 2 )=2.27 hours

Average speed of the car during second. 140 miles/hour

v avg * 2 = 140.7/2.27 =61 miles/hr.

How is average speed determined?

It is calculated by dividing the overall distance traveled by the overall journey time. Consider the older automobile as an illustration. The car's average speed would be 70 / 2 = 35 miles per hour if it covered 70 miles in two hours.

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The acceleration of the 1.0 kg box would be 4.9 m/s²

The rate at which velocity changes with reference to both speed and direction over a period of time is referred to as acceleration. If a point or an object that is moving in a straight line speeds up or slows down, then the point or object is accelerating.

To find the acceleration, we can use this following formula:

a = ((m₂ – m₁) × g)) ÷ m1

Where:

a = acceleration

m₁ = the mass of the object 1

m₂ = the mass of the object 2

g = acceleration due to gravitation  (9.8 m/s²)

Thus, the acceleration of a 1.0 kg box would be:

A = ((1.5 kg – 1 kg) × 9.8 m/s²) ÷ 1 kg

A = 4.9 m/s²

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23.59m/s^2 is  the magnitude of the (assumed constant) acceleration of the police car to catch the speeding car.

What is  acceleration?

The rate at which velocity changes is called acceleration. Acceleration typically indicates a change in speed, but not necessarily. An item that follows a circular course while maintaining a constant speed is still moving forward because the direction of its motion is shifting.

A vehicle is said to be accelerating in the direction of travel when it begins at rest (zero velocity in an inertial frame of reference) and moves straight ahead at increasing speeds. When a vehicle turns, its velocity vector is altered by an acceleration in the new direction. A vehicle's acceleration in its present direction of motion is referred to as a linear acceleration (or a tangential acceleration in circular motions).

s = ut +1/2 at^2

s = 715

u = 0

t = 7.79

a = ?

715 = 0 + 1/2 a 7.79^2

715= a *0.5* 7.79*7.79

a = 715/(30.3)

a = 23.59m/s^2

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Electrons are negatively charged particles that are affected by electric fields. The path followed by an electron under the influence of an electric field can be represented by electric field lines, which are lines that show the direction of the electric field at a particular point. It is often assumed that electrons will follow the path of the electric field lines on which they are located. However, this is not always the case and it depends on various factors.

The path followed by an electron depends on several factors, including its initial velocity, the strength of the electric field, and the presence of any other forces that may be acting on it. If an electron is initially at rest, it will start to move in the direction of the electric field. However, if the electron has an initial velocity, it may not follow the exact path of the electric field line on which it is located.

Another factor that affects the path of an electron is the presence of other forces, such as magnetic fields or collisions with other particles. These forces can cause the electron to deviate from the path of the electric field line. In some cases, the deviation can be significant enough to cause the electron to move in a completely different direction.

In conclusion, while the path followed by an electron under the influence of an electric field can be represented by electric field lines, the actual path that an electron follows may not always be the same as the field line on which it is located. The path of an electron depends on several factors, including its initial velocity, the strength of the electric field, and the presence of other forces.

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The concepts and methods of operations management (OM) can be used to improve efficiency and productivity in various industries and organizations. Some ways that OM can be applied include:

Process improvement: OM techniques such as process mapping, Lean Six Sigma, and value stream analysis can be used to identify areas for improvement in business processes and streamline operations.

Inventory management: OM concepts such as Just-In-Time (JIT) inventory management and demand forecasting can be used to optimize inventory levels and reduce waste.

Supply chain management: OM methods such as supplier selection, transportation planning, and production scheduling can be used to manage the flow of goods and materials from suppliers to customers.

Quality management: OM tools such as Total Quality Management (TQM) and statistical process control can be used to improve the quality of products and services.

Capacity planning: OM techniques such as forecasting and capacity utilization analysis can be used to determine future production needs and allocate resources accordingly.

Overall, OM can be used to make operations more efficient, reduce costs, increase profitability, and improve customer satisfaction.

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The argument that best supports the student's claim is that a charged particle creates an electric field around it, which can exert a force on other charged particles within its space.

An electric field is a field of force that surrounds a charged particle and extends through the space around it. The strength of the electric field at a given point is proportional to the amount of charge at the source and decreases as the distance from the source increases. When a charged particle is placed within the electric field created by another charged particle, it experiences a force due to the interaction between its charge and the electric field. This force is proportional to the strength of the electric field and the charge on the particle.

Therefore, if an object is placed between two charged metal plates, one positively charged and one negatively charged, the electric field created by each plate will exert a force on the object. The magnitude and direction of the force will depend on the strength and direction of the electric fields created by the two plates and the charge on the object. This supports the student's claim that the space around a charged particle will exert a force on any other charged particle that is placed within this space.

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(a) To find the distance PQ, we can use the kinematic equation:

d = vi×t + 0.5×a×t².

where d is the distance, vi is the initial velocity (in this case 12 m/s horizontally), t is the time (0.32 s), and a is the acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s^2 downward).

Since the initial velocity is horizontal, the only acceleration acting on the dart is gravity, and we only need to consider the vertical displacement of the dart.

d = vi×t + 0.5×a×t²  d = 0 + 0.59.8×0.32²   d = 0.32 m

So the distance PQ is 0.32 m.

(b) To find the distance from the dart board where the dart was released, we need to find the horizontal displacement of the dart. We can use the same kinematic equation, but this time consider only the horizontal component of the initial velocity.

d = vi×t d = 12 m/s × 0.32 s   d = 3.84 m

So the dart was released 3.84 m away from the dart board.

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vector → has a magnitude of 25 units and makes 20° with the x-axis. vector → has a magnitude of 20 units and makes 60° with the x-axis.The magnitude of the vector is 25 Units.

The magnitude of a vector is the absolute value of its length and is independent of its direction. In this case, the magnitude of the vector is 25 units, regardless of the angle it makes with the x-axis. Mathematically, this can be expressed as:

[tex]|vector| = √\sqrt(25^2) = 25[/tex]

Therefore ,The magnitude of the vector is 25 Units.

A vector is a quantity with both magnitude and direction. It is often represented by an arrow whose length is proportional to the magnitude of the quantity and whose direction is the same as that of the quantity. A vector does not have location, while having magnitude and direction. In other words, a vector's shape remains unaltered if it is shifted parallel to itself as long as its length is unaltered.

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The velocity with which the sandbag strikes the ground is  -28.44m/s (downward).

Given the initial velocity of balloon (u) = 5m/s

The height of balloon (h) = 40m

The acceleration is due to the gravity = g = 9.8m/s^2 acting downwards.

A sandbag is released from height h of the balloon.

The velocity of sandbag as it reaches the ground = v

We know that from Newtons laws of motion v = u + at

We know that the bag strikes the ground at y =0m,

then y = h + ut - 1/2gt^2

0 = 40 + 5t - 1/2 x 9.8 x t^2

t = 3.41s

As we know that v = u - gt

v = 5 - 9.8 x 3.41 = -28.44m/s

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complete question: A hot-air balloonist, rising vertically with a constant velocity of magnitude 5.00m/s releases a sandbag at an instant when the balloon is 40.0m above the ground. With what magnitude of velocity does it strike the ground?