Answer:
true
Explanation:
TRUE/FALSE. the doctrine of stare decisis provides that each court decision is independent and should stand on its own.
Answer:
[tex]13153 \div 2 = 212[/tex]
it's false
Which of the following sections of United States Constitution is most related to the case Marbury versus Madison?
In Marbury v. Madison, Madison broadens the role of the federal courts by granting them the authority to decide whether legislation or executive orders are in violation with the Constitution. The Federalist 78 is about the authority and role of the federal courts.
What is federal courts ?Cases involving human rights, bankruptcy, native title, workplace dynamics, unfair commercial practises, intellectual property, and consumer protection may be heard by the federal court. The federal government's judgements in areas like social security, immigration, and taxation are subject to examination by this body as well. The law's interpretation, its constitutionality, and its application to specific circumstances are all reserved to federal courts. Like Congress, the courts can employ a legal instrument to force the production of evidence and testimony. The Government of India Act of 1935 allowed for the establishment of the Federal Court of India, a court with original, appellate, and advisory jurisdiction. Up until 1950, when the Supreme Court of India was constituted, it was in operation.
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a 6-foot-5-inch, 250-pound person made a fist and threatened to punch a 5-foot, 100-pound person. the threatened person was afraid that he or she would be physically harmed, so that person decided to sue the threatening person to recover damages. which of the following torts applies to this scenario?
A 6-foot-5-inch, 250-pound person made a fist and threatened to punch a 5-foot, 100-pound person. Assault tort applies to this scenario.
What is Assault?
According to common law, assault is the tort of willfully acting, either with broad or specific intent, and creating a reasonable expectation of an impending offensive or hurtful touch. In contrast to a tort of negligence, assault needs intent and is therefore classified as an intentional tort. It is not necessary to really be able to carry out the intercepted interaction. A violent act constitutes the prohibited conduct under this tort. According to criminal law, an assault is defined as a battery attempt that calls for the deliberate intent to injure someone physically.
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What are the types of bail available to criminal defendants? What are the impacts of bail on the criminal justice system? What role do bail agents play in the criminal justice system?
Answer:
In order to be released from custody temporarily pending their trial, a defendant must post bail, which is a sum of money determined by the court. Criminal defendants may be eligible for the following types of bail:
Cash bail: The defendant provides the court with the entire bail sum in cash.
Surety bond: The defendant pays a bail bondsman a non-refundable fee (often 10% of the bail amount) as a promise to appear in court.
Property bond: The defendant pledges real estate as security to cover the bail sum.
Bail has a substantial impact on the criminal justice system because it enables defendants who can pay it to avoid pre-trial imprisonment, which can have a number of detrimental effects, such as job loss, family separation, and a reduced capacity to present a defence. However, by allowing those with more financial means to obtain their release while keeping those without them behind bars, bail can also serve to maintain systemic inequity.
Bail agents are essential to the criminal justice system because they guarantee that the prisoner will appear in court for their trial. They additionally assist offenders who are unable to afford to pay the full amount of bail by fronting the funds in exchange for a fee. Bail agents also make sure the defendant shows up in court as needed and keep an eye on their compliance with the terms of their release.
the gross income filing thresholds are calculated as the sum of which of the following criteria? (check all that apply.)
The gross income filing thresholds are calculated as the sum of standard deduction and additional deductions for taxpayers aged 65 or older.
What is gross income filing?
Your gross income is your earnings before any taxes, or any other deductions are made. For both enterprises and people, the gross income is crucial because it reflects your financial history and financial position and accounting, which sheds light on your general financial health. In the realm of taxes, your adjusted gross income is a very significant factor. Lower adjusted gross income enables you to receive larger tax refunds while paying less in taxes overall.
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a dealership that fails to comply with safeguards procedures can be subject to fines _____ for each violation.
A dealership that fails to comply with safeguards procedures can be subject to fines $2500 for each violation.
A knowing infringement of the dealership results in a $2,500 common punishment for every infringement, and "every infringement" might actually be deciphered as being 1 infringement for each client. On the off chance that the vendor is sufficiently unfortunate to get a "stop and cease" letter from the FTC, they could be having to deal with extra damages up to $11,000 per infringement.
On December 9, 2021, the FTC distributed updates to the Shields Decide that add extra necessities for dealerships, some of which became viable on January 10, 2022 and the rest of which require consistence by December 9, 2022. Showrooms ought to start getting ready now to fulfill the December time constraint as the extra advances expected for consistence can't be achieved for the time being.
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how long does it take to receive your state tax refund
It takes 20-45 days to receive your state tax refund after submission of the documents.
What is tax refund?
A payment made to the taxpayer because they paid more in taxes than they owing is known as a tax refund or tax rebate. Since the federal income tax was first implemented in the early 1900s, tax rebates have been given out as a means of economic recovery during the majority of the 20th and 21st centuries. Tax refunds are payments sent to taxpayers who have overpaid taxes to the government during a tax year, typically as a result of an employer deducting too much tax from their paychecks. The overpayment is frequently sent to the taxpayer as a paper check or by direct deposit.
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Identify the individual below who is not eligible to practice before the IRS. None of the individuals are under suspension or disbarment. A. Certified financial planner
B. Attorney
C. Enrolled agent
D. Enrolled actuary, with respect to specified statutory issues
The individual who is not eligible to practice before the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) is a Certified Financial Planner (Option A).
Certified Financial Planners are professionals who have obtained certification in financial planning, but they are not authorized to represent taxpayers before the IRS. On the other hand, Attorneys (Option B), Enrolled Agents (Option C), and Enrolled Actuaries (Option D) are eligible to practice before the IRS. Attorneys are licensed to practice law and represent clients in legal matters, including representing taxpayers before the IRS. Enrolled Agents are tax professionals who have passed a comprehensive exam administered by the IRS and are authorized to represent taxpayers before the IRS. Enrolled Actuaries are professionals who have passed actuarial exams and are authorized by the IRS to practice before the agency with respect to specified statutory issues. In conclusion, a Certified Financial Planner is not authorized to represent taxpayers before the IRS, but Attorneys, Enrolled Agents, and Enrolled Actuaries are eligible to do so.
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question:under the safe roads act, drivers less than 21 will lose driving their privilege for one year if they have ______ bac.
Under the safe roads act, drivers less than 21 will lose driving their privilege for one year if they have 0.2 bac.
What is purpose of safe roads act?
Through what is now known as the national highway traffic safety administration, the act gave the federal government the authority to establish and enforce new vehicle and road safety standards. In an effort to increase road user safety, traffic regulations are created and modified to reflect shifting road conditions. Traffic regulations are crucial because they protect individuals from harm. In the wrong hands, a car may be a lethal and devastating weapon. This indicates that a driver can be judged responsible and punished without going through a criminal court process. Speeding and illegal parking are examples of such infractions.
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Which of the following clauses states that Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion?A. the due process clauseB. the supremacy clauseC. the commercial clauseD. the takings clauseE. the establishment clause
The clause that states that Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion is the Establishment Clause, which is part of the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. The Establishment Clause limits the power of the federal government to endorse or promote any particular religion.
Write a note on Establishment Clause.
The Establishment Clause is a component of the First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution that prohibits the federal government from endorsing or promoting any specific religion. It seeks to maintain the separation of church and state and prevent the establishment of an official state religion. This clause is important in preserving religious freedom and promoting a diverse, pluralistic society.
Hence, the answer is, e.Establishment Clause
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the tennessee attorney general's office may file a against anyone who engages in the unauthorized practice of law.
The Tennessee Attorney General's Office may file civil lawsuits against those who exercise their rights without authorization. The Attorney General's Office can bring civil actions against individuals and companies involved in the unauthorized exercise of rights.
Some of these cases involve individuals who are not licensed to practice law, but who pay a fee to provide legal advice or attempt to represent clients in court. Other cases require individuals and businesses to create legal forms or documents to be used and signed by the person who represents them in legal matters
Tennessee Supreme Court Rules Attorneys must maintain communication with their clients regarding representation. Attorneys must keep information about their clients' representatives confidential unless disclosure is required or permitted by professional ethics or other law.
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for a futures contract trading in april 2012, the open interest for a june 2012 contract, when compared to the open interest for sept 2012 contracts, is usually
The correct answer is the Dojima Rice Exchange in Osaka, Japan, hosted the first structured futures exchange in modern times in 1710.
In order to purchase and sell contracts for an asset like Bitcoin, a trader and an exchange enter into a legal contract (BTC). In order to maximise their chance of making a profit, contract trading enables traders to access direct exchange funds with a higher margin than they first put up. Beginning on July 2, 2001, NSE became the first exchange to provide trading in options on specific securities. On November 9, 2001, futures on particular securities were established. On 191 of the assets listed by SEBI, futures and options on specific securities are available. In the 19th century, futures markets were formed in the United States. The Midwest, where much of the country's food supply was produced, was able to establish key hubs for agricultural trade thanks to the railroad and telegraph infrastructures.
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cleary explains the intent of the framers when constructing federalism as one of the principles of the constitution
To prevent the dictatorship and to promote greater political involvement explains the intent of the framers when constructing federalism as one of the principles of the constitution.
What is federalism?
Federalism is a combined and compound form of government that divides the powers between a central government and local governments within a same political system. The division of authority between a central authority and its constituent entities in a structure like a government. In contrast to the centralized government that the unitarians and centralists supported, federalists advocated for complete self-governance and full province autonomy. Federalism is a form of government in which two levels of authority share control over the same region.
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True or False? Hyperpluralism theory maintains that who holds office in Washington is of marginal consequence; the corporate giants always have the power.
It is false. Hyperpluralism is a theory of government that argues that a government cannot function properly when a large number of different groups or factions gain such political influence.
Hyper pluralism is seen as an exaggerated or extreme form of pluralism. Hyper pluralism is a state in which multiple groups or factions have become too politically powerful for government to function effectively. Hyper pluralism is seen as an exaggerated or form of pluralism. Hyper pluralism tends to create legislative deadlocks that hinder or delay the implementation of important social policies. Although it is difficult to identify a concrete example of hyper pluralism today, many political scientists point to the US Congress as an example of hyper pluralism at work. As each member of Congress attempts to respond to the demands of various groups, including lobbyists, PACs, and advocacy groups, they are drawn in so many different directions that the resulting impasse can lead to minor non-legislative actions. hinder. By focusing only on individual groups,
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US involvement in Vietnam: reasons for, and nature of, the involvement at different stages; domestic effects & at the end of the war; Latin American protest against the war
The reasons for US involvement in Vietnam war was preventing the region's occupation by communists.
How did the US's presence in Vietnam affect domestic issues in the country?
America was profoundly impacted by the Vietnam War. Domestically, the unpopularity of the war caused the military conscription to be abolished in 1973, and the United States has not since enlisted faces from the general crowd. The conflict also significantly reduced Americans' faith in political authorities.
What was Vietnam War?
The Vietnam War, constantly appertained to by other names, lasted from 1 November 1955 until 30 April 1975, when Saigon fell. It took place in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia. Officially, North Vietnam and South Vietnam engaged in the second of the Indochina Wars.
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Which of the following best describes the central idea of the text?a. Societies can maintain order without any forms of conformity.b. People who conform lack individual independence.c. People conform in order to fit in based on societal pressure.d. Conforming is a conscious decision people make.
The text which best describes the central idea of the text is (d) People conform in order to fit in based on societal pressure.
The act of harmonizing thoughts, views, and activities to social norms, belief systems, or similar viewpoints is known as conformity. Norms are unspoken, detailed guidelines that such a group of people adopt and use to govern their interactions with one another. Because it is frequently quicker to follow the route others have previously built than just to forge a new one, people frequently prefer to fit in with society instead of pursue their aspirations. As a result, teamwork can occasionally result in conformity. Small groups and/or society as a whole is both prone to this desire to conform, which can be brought on by covert and subtle factors as well as overt social pressure. Conformity can happen whether a person is around some people or not.
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An owner of a piece of waterfront propertycontracted in writing with a contractor to rebuildthe owner's dock in accordance with plans andspecifications prepared by the owner. The agreedcontract price was $50,000, $25,000 of whichwas payable on May 1 when the job was tocommence and the balance due upon completionof the work.On March 1, the contractor notified theproperty owner that the contractor would losemoney on the job at that price, and would notproceed with the work unless the property owneragreed to increase the price to $80,000. Theproperty owner did not respond to the contractor,instead making a written contract with a thirdparty to repair the dock, commencing May 1, for$60,000, which was the fair market cost of thework to be done. On May 1, both the contractorand the third party showed up at the dock tobegin work, the contractor telling the propertyowner that he had decided to take the loss andwould repair the dock for $50,000 as originallyagreed. The property owner dismissed thecontractor and allowed the third party to beginwork on the dock.In a contract action by the contractor againstthe property owner, what would the court decide?
Due to the contractor's breach, the property owner will prevail. An anticipatory breach occurred when the contractor informed the property owner on March 1 that he would not fulfill his obligations under a legally binding contract unless he received additional funds.
What is meant by Breach of Contract?When a party to a contract fails to fulfill its promises, this is known as a breach of contract. A substantial body of law has developed to settle contract-related disputes as a result of the frequency of breaches.
Damages to compensate: The most common remedy for breach of contract is this. A court orders the party who broke the contract to pay the other person enough money to get what they were promised in the contract elsewhere when compensatory damages are awarded.
There are three kinds of material breaches of contracts:
Minor Breach is the first and most serious kind of breach, also called a "material" breach or a "fundamental" breach It is essential to make it abundantly clear that not every breach of a contract will be significant.Repudiation.To know more about Breach of Contract, visit;
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Courts issue judicial decisions that often include interpretations of statutes and administrative regulations. This type of law is best described as which of the following?
The correct answer is common law. The common law is the body of legislation that has been developed by judges and other quasi-judicial bodies and is distinguished by being expressed in written opinions.
Common law is distinguished by the fact that it develops through precedent. Common law courts use previous court rulings to summarise the legal tenets of earlier instances. Common law is based on institutionalised judgements and interpretations made by jurors and judicial officials. There are occasions when common laws serve as the model for new legislation. The validity of the administrative action is ensured by judicial review, which also helps to keep the administrative authority within reasonable limits. The Court questions whether the administrative authority followed the law when acting. However, the courts are unable to and do not replace the administrative authority's judgement with their own. There are five different sorts of legal systems: mixed law, common law, customary law, and religious law.
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Which of the following is an order by the court commanding the other party actually to perform a bargain as agreed?A. Obiter dictaB. Stare decisisC. Eminent rationalityD. De novo judicial reviewE. Specific performance
Specific performance is an order by the court commanding the other party actually to perform a bargain as agreed.
A court may order a party to carry out a specific performance, such as completing the contract's performance, as a form of equitable relief under the law of contracts. If damages are a suitable alternative, it is normally not accessible but is usually available in the transfer of land law. Contracts for personal services hardly rarely allow for specific performance, although performance can nevertheless be secured by the possibility of legal action for contempt of court. A defendant's rights were only allowed to be awarded damages under common law. In the event that damages are insufficient, the court of equity later devised the relief of specific performance. The solution of a right holder, which grants the plaintiff the power to take the subject property, is frequently used to ensure specific performance.
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Preston wants to be his own boss and is considering starting a business. He has to decide which form of business organization to adopt and will most likely consider all of the following except:a.) publicity and public relations.b.) tax issues.c.) the various types of liability to which owners are subject.
Preston wants to be his own boss and is considering starting a business. He has to decide which form of business organization to adopt and will most likely consider all of the following except (a.) publicity and public relations is correct option.
Preston will need to manage and set up his company environment in order to launch a new venture, beginning with the basics. He must complete out the necessary paperwork, pay the associated fees, take care of the numerous liabilities that the owners are responsible for, and deal with any tax matters.
Publicity and PR are crucial for a business to thrive, but a new business should focus more on getting the fundamentals right and building a solid foundation than anything else.
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kari and lillian, who are citizens of mississippi, are involved in a case related to the adoption of their child. regarding jurisdiction of this case, mississippi state courts have:
Regarding jurisdiction of this case, Mississippi state courts have exclusive jurisdiction.
What is exclusive jurisdiction?
Exclusive jurisdiction in civil procedure refers to a court's power to decide a case without contacting any other courts. Concurrent or non-exclusive jurisdiction, on the other hand, allows for more than one court to exercise jurisdiction over a case. Subject matter is frequently used to define exclusive jurisdiction. Similar to how arbitration clauses are recognized under the New York Convention, the passage of the 2005 Hague Convention indicated the growing worldwide understanding of the necessity to recognize exclusive jurisdiction clauses and related court rulings.
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Mountain View Mall hired Nigel to act as Santa Claus in the mall. After a tough work day, Nigel stopped in a bar in the mall and drank 6 beers. Driving home, still wearing his Santa suit, Nigel hit a Marty, a pedestrian and severely injured her, when Marty darted between 2 parked cars in the middle of a block and ran in front of Nigel’s car.
Would Mountain View Mall be liable for Nigel’s injuries? Why or why not?
Answer:
NO BECOS THE INCIDENT HAPPENED WITH
MARTY NOT THE MALL
If no higher or lower speed is posted, the speed limit within city limits is 50kph (31 mph) for all vehicles, except for vehicles with a lower speed limitation.
True: If no higher or lower speed is posted, the speed limit within city limits is 50kph (31 mph) for all vehicles, except for vehicles with a lower speed limitation.
Any vehicle is only permitted to proceed on a road or highway at the posted highest speed, which is known as the "speed limit." The speed limit indicated on the speed signboard is the top speed permitted on the road in kph or mph depending on the national speed unit standard. If neither a higher nor a lower limit is specified, the top speed for all vehicles inside city limits, excluding those with a lower speed restriction, is 50 kph (31 mph). As a result, the assertion is accurate.
On National Roads, Motorways, and Freeways, high-speed limits are typically posted; these limits are displayed at each point where those roads enter the system as well as at regular intervals with repeater speed signposts.
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federal courts have exclusive subject matter jurisdiction over which of the following? choose 2 answer choices.
Copyright, trademark, and patent cases.
What is meant by Copyright?Copyright is a type of intellectual property that protects original works of authorship as soon as they are written down and put into a tangible form.
Copyright is an automatic right that can be applied to a wide range of material creative works. It gives people who make original works the right to control how others use their work for a set amount of time.
The various kinds of copyrights that are available in India are as follows:
Works of literature. Works that include literary creations that are original or one-of-a-kind are covered by copyrights in this category.Works of Drama. This is also a type of writingWork in MusicWorks of Art.Cinematograph PicturesAudio recordingTo know more about Copyright, visit:
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what is the second amendment to the u.s. constitution deals with?
Second amendment to the U.S constitution provided a constitutional check on congressional power under Article I Section 8 to organize, arm, and discipline the federal militia.
Explain Second amendment to the U.S constitution.
The right to keep and bear arms is protected by the Second Amendment (sometimes known as Amendment II) of the US Constitution. It and the other nine Bill of Rights provisions were approved on December 15, 1791. In District of Columbia v. Heller (2008), the Supreme Court stated for the first time that people have the right to self-defense in the home. However, the court added in dicta that this right is not unrestricted and does not eliminate the existence of some long-standing prohibitions, such as those that prohibit "the possession of firearms by felons and the mentally ill" or restrictions on "the carrying of dangerous and unusual weapons." The Supreme Court decided in McDonald v. City of Chicago (2010) that state and municipal governments.
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Item 3 Question 1 Refer to your Expeditions in Reading book for a complete version of this text. Part A What is a main idea of Sonia Sotomayor's Opening Statement? Drag the correct answer into the box
“‘Listen carefully to me,’ said John Clark. ‘You must carry out my directions to the letter.’” is the correct option. Therefore, option D is correct for Expedition.
What is Expedition?
An expedition is a planned trip done with a specific goal in mind, like in the case of Johann, who only brought a sizable bag on his trip over the Alps.
Any journey undertaken for a predetermined goal or for the mere exploration of new territory can be referred to as an expedition. Armed forces, cartographers, organisations that work to conserve animals, and many more entities formally use the word. A military expedition, for instance, is a particular kind of military action in which a force of soldiers enters a foreign nation to carry out a duty.
The term "expedition" can also be used to describe a vacation, particularly one that takes one somewhere far from home.
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Under which system does the federal government make policy in areas that are primarily state responsibilities?
The federal government can make policy in areas primarily reserved for states through the power of preemption, meaning it can overrule state law. This is done in cases where there is a national need for uniformity or when federal law conflicts with state law. Federalism calls for division of powers between federal and state governments, with states usually retaining primary responsibility for policy. The federal government's use of preemption should be limited and cautious.
Write a short note on power of preemption.
The power of preemption allows the federal government to override state law in certain circumstances. It is exercised when there is a national need for uniformity, such as in regulation of interstate commerce, immigration, or bankruptcy. It can also be used when federal law conflicts with state law, in which case federal law takes precedence. Despite this power, federalism calls for a division of powers between federal and state governments, with states typically retaining primary responsibility for policy areas. The use of preemption should be limited and cautious.
Hence, the answer is, the federal government can make policy in areas primarily reserved for states through the power of preemption
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T/Fthe county children and youth agency is responsible for investigating suspected child abuse - child protective services; and assessing the need for general protective services.
It is true to say that county children and youth agency is responsible for investigating suspected child abuse - child protective services; and assessing the need for general protective services.
Child misuse (likewise called kid peril or kid abuse) is physical, sexual, as well as mental abuse or disregard of a kid or kids, particularly by a parent or a guardian. Child misuse might incorporate any demonstration or inability to act by a parent or a guardian that outcomes in real or likely mischief to a youngster and can happen in a kid's home, or in the associations, schools, or networks the kid cooperates with.
The terms child misuse and kid abuse are frequently utilized conversely, albeit a few scientists make a qualification between them, regarding kid abuse as an umbrella term to cover disregard, double-dealing, and dealing.
During current stage, the organization gets reports of misuse or disregard from the local area and behaviors examinations to survey the wellbeing and hazard of all kids in the home. The County Children and Youth Agency (CCYA) gets references in two ways - straightforwardly to the office or through ChildLine.
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The doctrine of res ipsa loquitur would permit the court to infer negligence in which of the following situations?a. The situations with a chandelier falling and the golfer are both correct.b. A chandelier fell on a patron's head in the restaurant dining room.c. A golfer on a golf course was hit in the head with a stray shot golfball.d. A chair broke when a customer sat down on it, but the customer wasn't injured.
The doctrine of res ipsa loquitur allows a court to infer negligence in a situation where circumstances strongly suggest that the incident wouldn't have occurred but for someone's negligence, such as a chandelier falling on a patron's head in a restaurant or a golfer being hit with a stray shot golfball.
Write a short note on the doctrine of res ipsa loquitur.
The doctrine of res ipsa loquitur is a legal principle that allows a court to infer negligence in a situation where circumstances strongly suggest that the incident wouldn't have occurred but for someone's negligence. It can be used as a tool for plaintiffs in difficult-to-prove cases, but its application must be carefully evaluated by the court. This doctrine can shift the burden of proof from the plaintiff to the defendant, making it easier for plaintiffs to succeed in negligence cases.
Hence, the answer is, a. The situations with a chandelier falling and the golfer are both correct.
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what is the dominant legal approach toward commerce. it allows the federal government to regulate a wide array of economic activities through the commerce clause?
it allows the federal government to regulate a wide array of economic activities through the commerce clause.
An identified power described for the federal government in the American Constitution is the Commerce Clause. The US Congress shall have the authority "to regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and between various States, and with the Indian Tribes," according to the clause. Each of the three areas of trade has been frequently discussed separately as a congressional power by courts and pundits. The names "Foreign Business Clause," "Federal Trade Clause," and "Indian Commerce Clause" are frequently applied to refer to the different parts of the Commerce Clause. The scope of the powers given to Congress through the Commerce Clause is a point of contention in the courts.
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