three ways in which compounds differ from mixtures

Identify the main organs of the brain that are responsible in control the following activities:

The medulla oblongata is the lowest part of the brainstem which is directly connected to the spinal cord. This part of the brainstem controls autonomic functions of the body such as breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, digestion, swallowing, and sneezing.

The main function of the cerebellum is to control movement. That's why damage or disruption to the cerebellum will result in disturbances in fine movement, balance, posture, and motor learning.

The temporal lobes are located on the sides and are responsible for processing information from the senses of smell, taste, and hearing. This part of the brain also has an important role in memory storage.

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The structure shown in the question is of a polysome.

The polysome is a structure that is formed in the prokaryotes when it's genes are being transcribed. As the transcription progress the mRNA that is being synthesised are acted by ribosomes simultaneously and protein synthesis starts. Many ribosomes can bind to the mRNA simultaneously making a polysome.

This process is not possible in eukaryotes as the process of transcription occurs in the nucleus and the process of translation occurs in the cytoplasm. The mRNA synthesized by transcription has to travel out of the nucleus for being translated. Therefore ribosomes cannot bind the mRNA while it is being synthesized.

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If a sample of carvone gives a specific rotation of 0 ° and the specific rotation of pure R- carvone is -61 ° , the enantiomer is the unknown sample, the correct option is C. racemic mixture.

The carvone gives a specific rotation =  0 °

The  specific rotation of pure R- carvone =  -61 °

The racemic mixture is formed when an equal amount of mixture of the R enantiomer and the S enantiomer of the carvone is formed. In  racemic mixture, the R enantiomer rotates the plane polarized light in the one direction and the S enantiomer rotates the plane polarized light in the another direction.

It will cancels out the rotation . The  each enantiomer equal in magnitude but opposite in the direction and have specific rotation of 0 ° for the racemic mixture.

This question is incomplete, the complete question is :

If a sample of carvone gives a specific rotation of 0 and the specific rotation of pure R- carvone is -61, which enantiomer is the unknown sample?

A. R

B. S

C. Racemic

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Sodium chloride is the solute which will move the fastest. Sodium chloride, generally known as salt, is an ionic substance with the chemical formula NaCl.

Denoting a 1:1 ratio of sodium and chloride ions. Sea salt, however, also contains other chemical salts. The molar weights of 39.34 g Na and 60.66 g Cl in 100 g of NaCl are 22.99 and 35.45 g/mol, respectively. The salt that contributes the most to the saltiness of seawater and the extracellular fluid of many multicellular organisms is sodium chloride. Table salt, often known as salt, is frequently used as a condiment and food preservative in its edible form. Many industrial processes employ large amounts of sodium chloride, and it is a significant source of the salt and chlorine compounds used as feedstocks for further chemical synthesis.

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The solution is the homogenous mixture that contains the two or more substances. The Solutions contain a solvent and a solute.

The substances that is dissolve is called as the solute. The substance that dissolve the substance is called as the solvent. The solution is the homogeneous mixture. The everyday example of the homogeneous mixture is as follows :

coffee or tea

1) The sweet tea or the  coffee (sugar is added to the solution)

2) The  juices

3) The  saltwater

4) The bleach in which the sodium hypochlorite dissolved in water.

5) The carbonated beverages in which the carbon dioxide is dissolved in the water.

6) The powdered drinks

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True.

In mathematical logic and formal systems, an entailment relationship between two statements means that the truth of the first statement logically implies the truth of the second statement. In other words, if the first statement is true, then the second statement must also be true.

The symbol "⊥" represents the logical contradiction, also known as the "falsum" or the "false." It is a statement that is always false, regardless of the truth values of any other statements.

In the given statement, {⊥} entails ⊥, the truth of the first statement, which is the set containing the logical contradiction, implies the truth of the second statement, which is also the logical contradiction. Since a contradiction always implies another contradiction, the statement is true.

In simple terms, a contradiction always leads to another contradiction, so the statement {⊥} entails ⊥ is true.

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Since CO2 is non-polar, The CO2 molecule is non-polar because the dipoles in the linear form of the molecule cancel each other out.

Due to its symmetry and the fact that the pull of the two oxygen atoms on the electrons of carbon cancel each other out, carbon dioxide is a nonpolar molecule with polar bonds.

Now, if we look, we can see that each of these have a line of symmetry, and that line of symmetry will lead to the cancellation of these dipole moments. As a result, our dipole moments will cancel out due to symmetry, making them both nonpolar.

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Electrons.

Neutrons and Protons are contained with the positive nucleus, whilst negatively charged electrons surround it.

The natural processes injecting particulate matter into the atmosphere are Volcanic Eruption, Dust Storms, Forest Fires, Sea Spray, Biomass Burning, and Biogenic Emissions

There are several natural processes that can inject particulate matter into the atmosphere, including:

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Answer:

A. Eight

Explanation:

Octet Rules states that atoms have 8 electrons

There are 1.806 x 1024 Cl- ions in 400.5 grams of AlCl3.

AlCl3 has an Avogadro number of 6.022 x 1023 molecules per 400.5 grams. AlCl3 molecules each contain three Cl- ions. Avogadro's number can therefore be multiplied by three to determine how many Cl- ions are present in 400.5 grams of AlCl3. We get about 1.806 x 1024 Cl- ions as a result. Since they are evenly distributed throughout the 400.5 grams of AlCl3, it is possible to determine their concentration by dividing the total number of ions by the volume of the solution.

A molecule is a smallest unit of a chemical substance that still retains its chemical properties. It is made up of two or more atoms that are chemically bonded together. The atoms in a molecule can be the same or different elements.

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Enantiomers differ in biological activity, So correct option is c.

It means that they have the same number of atoms of each element, but the atoms are arranged differently in the molecule. Structural isomers have a different connectivity of their atoms, meaning that the bonds between the atoms are different. Stereoisomers, on the other hand, have the same connectivity but differ in the spatial arrangement of their atoms. Stereoisomers can be further divided into two categories: geometric isomers and optical isomers. Geometric isomers differ in the arrangement of their atoms in space, whereas optical isomers, also known as enantiomers, are mirror images of each other that are not superimposable.

Enantiomers are a type of isomer that are mirror images of each other but not superimposable. They have the same molecular formula and connectivity but differ in the arrangement of their atoms in three-dimensional space, leading to differences in their biological activity. Structural isomers differ in the order of attachment of the atoms in a molecule and can also have different biological activities, while cis-trans isomers differ in the arrangement of functional groups in a molecule around a double bond, which can affect its physical and biological properties.

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The reactants are represented on the left side of a chemical equation, and the products are on the right.

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In reaction, the temperature in the troposphere falls with height.

In essence, the atmosphere is a shield of gases that protects all life on Earth by keeping temperatures within a narrow range and obstructing the sun's damaging rays. In essence, there is no distinction between the atmosphere and the outside world. The five separate layers of the atmosphere are created by the variations in temperature that occur with height. Following is a list of the five different layers:

Exosphere, Thermosphere, Mesosphere, Stratosphere, Troposphere

The troposphere, which starts at the ground and rises to an altitude of roughly 10 kilometres above sea level, is the lowest layer of the atmosphere. It makes up 75% of the atmosphere's total air. The atmosphere distributes itself according to gravity, thus generally speaking, the temperature drops as you go up in height. With height, temperatures in the troposphere drop. This is due to the gas's low solar radiation absorption rate. Additionally, the ground takes in this radiation and heats the atmosphere through conduction and convection.

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Oil spills that happen in rivers, bays and the ocean most often are caused by accidents involving tankers, barges, pipelines, refineries, drilling rigs and storage facilities, but also occur from recreational boats and in marinas.

Spills can be caused by:

people making mistakes or being careless

equipment breaking down

natural disasters such as hurricanes, storm surge or high winds

deliberate acts by terrorists, acts of war, vandals or illegal dumping.

Most oils float on the oceans’ saltwater or freshwater from rivers and lakes. Oil usually spreads out rapidly across the water’s surface to form a thin oil slick. As the oil continues spreading, the slick becomes thinner and thinner, finally becoming a very thin sheen, which often looks like a rainbow. (In rare cases, very heavy oil can sometimes sink.)

Depending on the circumstances, oil spills can be very harmful to marine birds, sea turtles and mammals, and also can harm fish and shellfish. Oil destroys the insulating ability of fur-bearing mammals, such as sea otters, and the water-repelling abilities of a bird's feathers, exposing them to the harsh elements. Many birds and animals also swallow oil and are poisoned when they try to clean themselves or when eating oiled prey.

Fish and shellfish can also digest oil, which could cause changes in reproduction, growth rates or even death. Commercially important species such as oysters, shrimp, mahi-mahi, grouper, swordfish and tuna also could suffer population declines or become too contaminated to be safely caught and eaten.

Depending on just where and when a spill happens, from a few up to hundreds or thousands of birds, fish, mammals, reptiles, corals and other animals and plants can be killed or injured.

Kc is the equilibrium constant for the reaction in terms of concentrations. To find Kc, we need to convert the pressure values in Kp to concentration values.

Can Kc be used to determine the direction of a chemical reaction?

Yes, Kc can be used to determine the direction of a chemical reaction. If Kc is greater than 1, the reaction will shift to the right, towards products. If Kc is less than 1, the reaction will shift to the left, towards reactants. If Kc is equal to 1, the reaction is at equilibrium and the concentration of reactants and products is not changing. By comparing the value of Kc to 1, the direction of the reaction can be determined. The conversion is done using the ideal gas law: PV = nRT, where P is pressure, V is volume, n is number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant and T is temperature.

Kc can be calculated as Kc = Kp (RT)^Δn, where Δn is the change in the number of moles of gas in the reaction. In this case, Δn = 0, so Kc = Kp.

Therefore, Kc = 2.5 x 10¹² at 24°C.

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The temperatures between two items are falling as the energy of something like the two blocks ceases to move.

Temperature is a unit used to represent hotness or coolness on any of a number of scales, includes Fahrenheit as well as Celsius. The direction of spontaneous heat transfer from either a region of high temperature with a temperature higher to a cooler body is indicated by temperature.

The three temperature scales that are now in use are Kelvin, Celsius, and Fahrenheit. The Fahrenheit temperature scale divides the distance between the temperature of water, 32, and the normal boiling of water, 212, into 180 parts.

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Hydrothermal vents, also referred to as underwater hot springs, have developed as a result of the divergent motion along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. These mineral-rich vents are also the habitat of rare and unusual life forms that have adapted to the harsh conditions of the deep ocean.

The tectonic plate motion at the Ridge has also produced a distinctive and dynamic geological environment, profoundly influencing the features and landscapes of this region.

The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is a diverging border that separates South America from Africa on the ocean floor. Two tectonic plates are diverging at this boundary, which has resulted in the formation of new oceanic crust. Spreading of the seafloor is a result of plate divergence.

An extensive underwater mountain range called the Mid-Atlantic Ridge traverses the Atlantic Ocean's middle. Magma has been shown to well up from the mantle and form into new oceanic crust as a result of the divergent motion of the South American Plate and the African Plate. The two plates are forced apart by the new crust, which widens the space between them.

The Mid-Atlantic Ridge experiences considerable geological activity, including earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, as a result of its divergent motion. Along the ridge, this activity has also produced a rift valley with imposing mountains and deep valleys brought about by the moving tectonic plates.

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The reaction is as follows: Cu + 2AgNO3 -> Cu(NO3)2 + 2Ag. The limiting reactant is copper as it is present in lesser amount. So, the maximum number of grams of silver that can be produced is 34.5g * 2 moles Ag / 1 mole Cu = 69g.

What is the chemical equation for the reaction between copper and silver nitrate?

The chemical equation for the reaction between copper and silver nitrate is: Cu (copper) + 2 AgNO3 (silver nitrate) → Cu(NO3)2 (copper nitrate) + 2 Ag (silver). The reaction takes place between a metal and a salt, with the metal acting as a reducing agent and the salt acting as an oxidizing agent. The reaction produces two products, a metal ion and a nitrate ion.

The stoichiometry of the reaction determines the amount of each product that is produced based on the amount of reactants present.

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Explanation:

B. Scientists found that smaller particles within an atom existed.

The hybridization is given as :

Carbon =  1,2,13,16,18,19 = sp³ hybridization and the tetrahedral geometry.

Carbon = 3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,14,15,17 = sp² hybridize and trigonal planar geometry.

For Carbon = 1,2,13,16,18,19

The sp³ hybridization occurs when the one s orbital and the 3p orbitals belonging to the same are mix together and form the four new hybrid orbitals that is sp³. The geometry of the sp³ is the tetrahedral geometry,

For carbon atom = 3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,14,15,17

The sp² hybridization occurs when the one s orbital and the 2p orbitals belonging to the same are mix together and form the four new hybrid orbitals that is sp². The geometry is trigonal planar geometry.

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Ambien TM is a sedative used in the treatment of insomnia. It was discovered in 1982 and brought to market in 1992 (it takes a long time for new drugs to undergo the extensive testing required to receive approval from the Food and Drug Administration). Identify the hybridization state and geometry of each carbon atom in the structure of this compound.

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In a Lewis structure that contains a polar covalent bond, the atom with the highest electronegativity will be the one with the partial negative charge.

The electronegativity of an atom determines the degree to which it attracts electrons towards itself within a chemical bond. When two atoms of different electronegativities form a bond, the electron density will be skewed towards the atom with the higher electronegativity, resulting in a partial negative charge on that atom.

To demonstrate which atom in a bond has the highest electronegativity, you can use electronegativity values found in periodic tables, and compare the electronegativity of the two atoms involved in the bond. The atom with the higher electronegativity will be assigned a partial negative charge (-) in the Lewis structure, and the atom with the lower electronegativity will be assigned a partial positive charge (+).

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To create this solution, 0.450 moles of sodium hydroxide are required.

The mole is the amount of stuff in a system that has as many elementary entities as there are atoms in 0.012 kilogram of carbon 12; its symbol is "mol". A mole is the mass of a material containing 6.023 x 1023 particles of that substance. The mole is the SI unit of material quantity. It is represented by the symbol mol. 1 mol of carbon-12 has a mass of 12 grams and a carbon atom count of 6.022140857 x 1023. (to 10 significant figures).

Here,

To find the amount of sodium hydroxide needed to make a 1.8 M solution of 250 ml, we need to multiply the molarity (1.8 M) by the volume (250 ml) and convert the volume to liters.

1.8 M * 0.250 L = 0.450 mol

So, 0.450 moles of sodium hydroxide are needed to make this solution.

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The answer to the questions are given below;

1. Cleopatra was famous for taking a bath in camel's milk to help her keep her beauty.

2. The German lady stole a camel because she wanted to be a modern Cleopatra. / The German lady stole a camel because she wanted to be the same as Cleopatra.

3. She felt disappointed because the camel turned out to be a male that can't produce milk.

In the text, it is stated that Queen Cleopatra bathed in camel's milk to help her keep her beauty and a German lady tried replicate this, but she stole a male camel.

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Answer:Kinetic energy is the energy involved in an object's motion. Kinetic energy can be found in moving objects like a bullet, a human, and electromagnetic radiation like light. Kinetic energy is also the force that drives the random, continuous bouncing of atoms or molecules.

Explanation:

Kinetic energy is the energy involved in an object's motion. Kinetic energy can be found in moving objects like a bullet, a human, and electromagnetic radiation like light. Kinetic energy is also the force that drives the random, continuous bouncing of atoms or molecules.

The number of sp3-hybridized carbon atoms in (CH₃)₂C=CHC(CH₃)₃ is 6.

Hybridization refers to the mixing of atomic orbitals of similar energies to form new hybrid orbitals with different geometric and energy characteristics. In chemistry, it is used to describe the bonding between atoms in a molecule and the geometry of the molecule. The most common hybridizations are sp₃, sp₂, and sp hybridizations, which describe the mixing of s and p orbitals to form tetrahedral, trigonal planar, and linear geometries, respectively. Hybridization is a concept in chemistry that refers to the mixing of atomic orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals with different energy levels and geometries.

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The chemical group that acts as an acid is the carboxyl group (COOH).

Regardless of the specific molecule they are found in, functional groups are chemical motifs, or patterns of atoms, that consistently exhibit "function" (properties and reactivity). A biomolecule's specific configuration of functional groups will influence a number of its characteristics, including its structure, solubility, and reactivity. Biological molecules can include a wide variety of functional group kinds and combinations.

The carboxyl group (COOH), which may function as an acid and lose a proton to generate a negatively charged carboxylate ion (COO start superscript, minus, end superscript), is an illustration of an extremely hydrophilic group. A frequent component of amino acids, fatty acids, and other biomolecules are carboxyl groups.

The carbonyl group (C=O), an uncharged yet polar (contains partial positive and partial negative charges) functional group, is an illustration of a less hydrophilic group. Numerous biological substances, such as proteins, peptides, and carbohydrates, include carbonyls.

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Water carries two partial negative charges on the oxygen atom and two partial positive charges, one on each hydrogen atom.

In chemistry, water (H2O) is a molecular substance that is composed of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. It is a clear, colorless, odorless, and tasteless liquid that is essential for life on Earth. Water is a polar molecule, meaning that it has a positive and negative end, which allows it to form hydrogen bonds with other polar or charged molecules. This property gives water its unique physical and chemical properties, such as its high boiling point, high surface tension, and ability to dissolve a wide range of substances.

Water is one of the most important and versatile solvents in chemistry, and it is involved in many chemical reactions and processes, both in living organisms and in the laboratory. It is also a key component of the Earth's climate and is involved in many geochemical and atmospheric processes. The study of the properties and behavior of water and its interactions with other substances is known as aqueous solution chemistry.

Water carries two partial negative charges on the oxygen atom and two partial positive charges, one on each hydrogen atom. In a water molecule, the oxygen atom is electron-rich, meaning it has more electrons than protons and carries a partial negative charge. The hydrogen atoms, which are electron-poor, carry partial positive charges. These partial charges create a polar molecule, with the negative end of the molecule (oxygen) being attracted to the positive end (hydrogen), leading to hydrogen bonding and the unique physical and chemical properties of water.

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The mass of KBr needed to prepare 100 mL of a 1.5M KBr solution can be calculated using the formula: mass = concentration * volume * molecular weight.

So, the required mass would be 1.5 mol/L * 0.1 L * 119 g/mol = 178.5 g. So, the answer is C- 178.5 g KBr.

The molarity of the KBr answer that desires to be organized is 1.Five M. Molarity is defined as the wide variety of moles of solute in line with liter of answer. In this situation, we need to put together one hundred mL of answer, so the number of moles of KBr required may be calculated as follows:

Moles = molarity * volume (in liters)

Moles = 1.5 M * 0.100 L = zero.15 moles

Once the wide variety of moles of KBr is decided, we will then use the formulation weight of KBr to calculate the mass of KBr needed to prepare 100 mL of one.5M KBr solution.

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1) Ionic bond

2) Covalent bond

3) Metallic bond

4) Covalent bond

5) Ionic bond

6) Ionic bond

7) Ionic bond

8) Covalent bond

9) Covalent bond

10) Metallic bond

A chemical bond is the force of attraction between two or more atoms in a molecule that holds the atoms together. The bond is formed by the sharing or exchange of electrons between the atoms, resulting in a stable, electrically neutral entity. Different types of chemical bonds include covalent bonds, ionic bonds, and metallic bonds.

For all the substances that we have above the kind of bond that can be found on each have been duely identified from teh structure of the compound.

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