The united states supreme court decision in brown v. board of education of Topeka was based on b. Racial segregation.
The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that racial segregation in public schools is unconstitutional, even where the segregated schools are otherwise equal in quality, in the famous case known as Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483. Racial segregation in public schools was ruled to be unlawful by the U.S. Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of Education on the basis of the Fourteenth Amendment.
The 1954 decision ruled separate educational facilities for white and African American students to be inherently unequal. Whether separate but equal learning environments violate the Constitution was the legal question at hand in the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka case.
Complete Question:
The united states supreme court decision in brown v. board of education of Topeka was based on which of the following?
a. Affirmative action of schools
b. Racial segregation.
c. Equal learning facilities
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the private securities litigation reform act imposes additional requirements on public companies reporting to the sec and their auditors when group of answer choices A. senior management and the board have not acted properly to correct for the act. B. the illegal act has a material effect on the financial statements.
C. all of these choices are additional requirements. D. the failure to correct for the action is reasonably expected to warrant a departure from the standard audit report.
The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act imposes additional requirements on public companies reporting to the SEC and their auditors when the illegal act has a material effect on the financial statements. (B)
The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act is a piece of legislation that was signed into law in 1995. It's a United States law that was enacted to reduce the number of frivolous securities lawsuits filed against public companies, according to the Library of Congress.
The act imposes a number of additional requirements on public companies reporting to the SEC and their auditors when the illegal act has a material effect on the financial statements. (B)
This is the main answer in 40 words.In other words, if the illegal act has a material effect on the financial statements, the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act imposes additional requirements on public companies reporting to the SEC and their auditors.
If the illegal act does not have a material effect on the financial statements, no additional requirements are imposed on public companies reporting to the SEC and their auditors.
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true/false. One of the main reasons why many economists remain critical of the infant industry argument is its reliance on the assumption that: firms are unable to make efficient long-term investments by borrowing money from the domestic or international capital markets.
The given statement "One of the main reasons why many economists remain critical of the infant industry argument is its reliance on the assumption that: firms are unable to make efficient long-term investments by borrowing money from the domestic or international capital markets." is true as firms are unable to make efficient long-term investments by borrowing money from the domestic or international capital markets.
According to the infant-industry theory, until new industries in developing nations mature, they must be shielded from competitive pressures. This theory, which was created in the early 19th century by Friedrich List and Alexander Hamilton, is frequently used to support protectionist trade policies.
There are several criticisms of the infant industry argument: Protectionism for emerging industries may promote inefficiency in those industries. Protected emerging industries might not have the incentives they need to be productive and competitive. Protectionism in the early stages of an industry could lead to retaliation from other nations.
(i) To enable the economy to become self-sufficient. To promote domestic production (ii). To promote buying locally produced goods (iii). (iv) To preserve limited foreign currency.
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true or false. morality is an internally-imposed set of rules, while law is an externally-imposed set of rules.
Answer:
true
Explanation:
true/false. small claims courts, for the most part, resolve relatively minor disputes with maximum recoveries usually limited to a few hundred dollars at most.
The given statement "small claims courts, for the most part, resolve relatively minor disputes with maximum recoveries usually limited to a few hundred dollars at most." is false as have limited jurisdiction to hear civil cases between private litigants.
Small-claims courts only have limited authority to hear civil disputes involving private parties. Small claims courts may also perform other judicial duties and may go by different names in different jurisdictions. The maximum amount of money that a small-claims court can award in judgments is typically in the tens of thousands of dollars or pounds. The plaintiff typically forfeits any right to seek an amount greater than the court can grant by filing a lawsuit in small claims court. Reducing a claim to meet the requirements of this venue may or may not be permitted by the plaintiff.
Small-claims courts typically have jurisdiction over private disputes involving small sums of money. The routine collection of small debts forms a large portion of the cases brought to small-claims courts, as well as evictions and other disputes between landlords and tenants, unless the jurisdiction is already covered by a tenancy board.
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fill in the blank. according to___, three distinct types of gangs might form in neighborhoods, which are criminal gangs, conflict gangs, and retreatist gangs.
According to Cloward and Ohlin, three distinct types of gangs might form in neighborhoods, which are criminal gangs, conflict gangs, and retreatist gangs.
Cultural diversity, movement, and poverty were the three qualities Shaw and McKay recognised as being present in interstitial zones. Ecological theory, strain theory, and subculture theory are three theories of social structure. The Chicago School created the social disorganisation hypothesis in sociology, which is connected to ecological ideas.
The social disorganisation theory's central tenet that place matters is closely connected in the theory to the relationship between crime rates and neighbourhood ecological factors. Power and its use are the main topics of conservative (pluralist) conflict theories, which see society as being made up of several interest groups vying for control.
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Please answer What are some advantages and disadvantages of having so many levels of government below the federal government? Please explain:
Advantages, such as shielding us from tyranny, dispersing power, expanding citizen participation, and increasing effectiveness, as well as disadvantages, such as claiming to protect slavery and segregation.
How is federal government better than?The provincial or local governments can be given orders by the central government. Compared to unitary governments, the federal government is superior because It helps to avoid conflict; Governments share power rather than having it centralized. Under unitary government, either there is only one level of government or the sub-units are subordinate to the central government. The central government can issue directives to the provincial or local governments.
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Deborah sells her property to Juan, but Juan fails to record the deed. Which of the following statements is true about unrecorded deeds?1) The conveyance is invalid2) The deed is still valid between Deb and Juan3) The deed provides constructive notice that Juan is the owner4) The property with the unrecorded deed will escheat to the county where it is located when Juan dies
Deborah sells her property to Juan, but Juan fails to record the deed, The deed is still valid between Deb and Juan. The correct option is 2.
Executing a deed is the method used to transfer ownership, also known as "alienation of title," from one party to another. An official document known as a deed is used to transfer ownership rights to real property from one person or organization (the grantor) to another (the grantee). A deed is typically filed with the county recorder of deeds in the area. The public is informed by the deed's recording that the grantee is now the property's legitimate owner.
For the grantee, not recording a deed can lead to issues. They might not be able to sell the property, get a mortgage, or get insurance on it. Even more problematically, an unrecorded deed might allow the grantor to sell the property to one buyer and then sell it to a different buyer later on. As a result, the original purchaser who neglected to record the deed might lose ownership of the property. The correct option is 2.
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Which of the following acts protect an employee from retaliation when the employee report fraud against the government?
Multiple choice question.
The Securities Act
The Securities and Exchange Act
The False Claims Act
The Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act
The act that protects an employee from retaliation when the employee reports fraud against the government is the False Claims Act. Thus, Option C is correct.
What is the False Claims Act?The False Claims Act is a US law that imposes civil liabilities on individuals and firms (including companies) who defraud government programs. Individuals who knowingly submit or cause to be submitted false claims to the government are subject to penalties that can range from $5,000 to $10,000 per false claim (or more), plus three times the actual damages sustained by the government.
The False Claims Act also allows individuals who report fraud against the government to file a lawsuit (known as a "qui tam" lawsuit) on behalf of the government, and they may be rewarded a portion of the damages that the government recovers as a result of the lawsuit. So, the correct option among the given choices is the False Claims Act.
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when filing an appeal, an appellant usually must show
TRUE OR FALSE one-person assignment generally appears to be the most appropriate for the vast majority of investigative work.
FALSE. One-person assignment may not be appropriate for all investigative work, especially for complex cases or cases that require a diverse set of skills and expertise.
In such cases, a team approach may be more appropriate to ensure the investigation is thorough and all aspects of the case are covered.
Moreover, in some cases, a one-person assignment may be less effective in terms of identifying and preventing errors or biases. Collaborative investigations that involve multiple individuals can help to identify potential mistakes, gaps in information, or areas where additional research may be necessary.
Therefore, the appropriateness of a one-person assignment or a team approach may depend on various factors, including the nature and complexity of the case, the available resources, and the specific goals of the investigation.
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What factors have contributed to the growth of presidential powers?
National emergencies, the economic and social life of the country, and the unity of his presidency has led to the growth of presidential power.
National emergencies, the economic and social life of the country, and the unity of his presidency has led to the growth of presidential power.
Several factors have contributed to the growth of presidential powers in the United States over time. One of the most significant factors is the expansion of the federal government's responsibilities and the need for the president to take on a greater role in managing national affairs. The rise of a more complex global environment, with challenges such as terrorism and economic competition, has also led to an increased focus on the executive branch and the president's ability to respond quickly and effectively to these challenges.
Another factor is the use of executive orders and other unilateral actions by presidents to achieve their policy objectives when faced with a divided government or a hostile Congress. The growth of presidential power has also been aided by the emergence of new technologies and media, which have given presidents greater visibility and reach, as well as the increasing importance of the presidency in American political culture. Finally, some scholars argue that the growth of presidential power is the result of a deliberate effort by presidents themselves to expand their authority, often with the support of their political allies and the public.
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Incident at Morales --- Assuming Mexico does not have the same environmental regulations as the United States, then ethical considerations regarding the environment stop at the international border with Mexico.True False
Answer: False, Explanation: Mexico, like the US, has environmental regulations that are designed to protect the environment from harmful impacts. The laws of Mexico are not identical to those of the United States, but they have similar objectives. Environmental regulations are rules and policies that seek to protect the environment from human activities.
This is accomplished through regulations that restrict how businesses and individuals may use natural resources, emit pollutants, and dispose of waste. Environmental regulations in the United States are established at the federal, state, and local levels.
Mexico has its own set of environmental laws and regulations that are designed to achieve similar goals. As a result, ethical considerations regarding the environment do not stop at the border between the United States and Mexico.
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If an increase in consumer incomes leads to a decrease in the demand for camping equipment, then camping equipment is
A.) a normal good
B.) none of these answers
C.) an inferior good
D.) a substitute good
E.) a complementary good
If an increase in consumer incomes leads to a decrease in the demand for camping equipment, then camping equipment is an inferior good.
The correct option is C.
Demand in economics refers to a consumer's desire to purchase goods and services as well as their willingness to pay a specific price for them. When a good or service's price increases, demand typically decreases. In a similar way, when a product's price declines, demand increases. Demand is a concept that both consumers and businesses are very familiar with because it is logical and occurs frequently throughout the course of almost any day.
The term "income elasticity of demand" describes how responsive a given good's quantity demand is to changes in the real income of the consumers who purchase it. The percent change in quantity demanded divided by the percent change in income is the formula for calculating the income elasticity of demand. The correct option is C.
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when is student loan forgiveness supreme court decision date
Biden v. Nebraska and U.S. Department of Education v. Brown, two lawsuits involving the Biden administration's planned student loan forgiveness programme, were considered by the Supreme Court on February 28.
How long does it take to forgive student loans?If you haven't returned your loan in full after 20 years (assuming all of your loans were taken out for undergraduate studies) or 25 years, any remaining debt will be forgiven (if any loans were taken out for graduate or professional study).
How can I find out if my student loans will be discharged?How can I determine if I qualify for debt relief? Your yearly income must have been less than $125,000 (for people) or $250,000 to be eligible (for married couples or heads of households). You are qualified for up to $20,000 in debt relief if you were awarded a Pell Grant while in college and your salary is within the range.
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Full Question: Student loan forgiveness supreme court decision date ?
the bill of rights was written because group of answer choices a.the supreme court ruled that a bill of rights was needed. b.the antifederalists demanded it as a price of ratification of the constitution. alexander hamilton advocated the measure very forcefully. c.the federal government in the early days of d.the republic was violating too many individual rights.
The Bill of Rights was written because a group of antifederalists demanded it as a price for ratifying the Constitution. Alexander Hamilton advocated the measure very forcefully to protect the rights of individuals from being violated by the federal government in the early days of the Republic.
The Bill of Rights refers to the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution, which were ratified in 1791. These ten amendments were created to guarantee American citizens some essential freedoms, such as freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and the right to bear arms. It was created as a response to the concerns that the Federalists had too much power in the newly founded United States government.
The Bill of Rights, which consists of the first ten amendments to the Constitution, was added in 1791 to address these concerns and protect individual liberties such as freedom of speech, religion, and the press, the right to bear arms, and protection against unreasonable searches and seizures, among others.
They were concerned that the Constitution did not provide enough protections for individual liberties and rights, and they feared that a strong federal government could potentially become tyrannical.
That is why the Bill of Rights was written because the Antifederalists demanded it as a condition for ratifying the Constitution.
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this landmark u.s. supreme court case held that evidence of officer credibility as a witness may be considered exculpatory evidence and should be given to the defense during discovery.
This landmark U.S. Supreme Court case is called Brady v. Maryland (1963), which held that exculpatory evidence concerning the credibility of a police officer must be disclosed to the defense during discovery.
This is because such evidence may influence the outcome of a trial and is thus considered to be of significant importance. The decision also stipulated that prosecutors must make a reasonable effort to ascertain any and all evidence that could be potentially beneficial to the defense, regardless of its source.
The Supreme Court reasoned that evidence of police officer credibility should be considered exculpatory because its contents may be instrumental in providing a defendant with a fair trial.
In summary, Brady v. Maryland is a landmark case that established the obligation of prosecutors to disclose any exculpatory evidence that could be beneficial to the defense, including evidence concerning the credibility of a police officer.
This has important implications for defendants in criminal cases, as it ensures that they are given a fair trial.
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the president of the united states is like a ceo, and the citizens of the country work for him.truefalse
Answer:
Explanation:
False. In a democratic system, the President of the United States is elected to serve the citizens of the country, not the other way around. The President is the head of the executive branch of government and is responsible for upholding the Constitution and enforcing the laws of the land. The citizens of the country do not work for the President, but rather the President works for the citizens and is accountable to them. The citizens exercise their power by voting in elections and holding their elected officials accountable through various means, such as protests and petitions.
Suggest two possible strategies that the government could have put into place to ensure greater accountability within their ranks during the pandemic
"Two possible strategies that the government could have put into place to ensure greater accountability within their ranks during the pandemic are-
1. Government needed to offer transparency
2. issue a state of emergency."
Various actions were taken by the Central Ministries along with States/UTs in terms of strengthened community surveil-lance, quarantine facilities, isolation wards, adequate PPEs, trained man-power, rapid response teams for manage-ment of pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic sent shock waves through the world economy & set off the biggest world economic crisis in more than a century. The crisis led to a striking rise in inequality within & across countries.
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The secretary of state publishes the ________, which is the source of official notices or rules, meetings, executive orders, and opinions of the attorney general that are required to be filed by state agencies.
a. Texas Register
b. Capitol Minutes
c. Executive Calendar
d. Texas Weekly Bulletin
Answer:
a. Texas Register
Explanation:
The Texas Register is the source of official notices or rules, meetings, executive orders, and opinions of the attorney general that are required to be filed by state agencies.
occurs when both parties agree that the contract should be terminated without performance. A rescission discharges the obligations of both parties under the contract.
Rescission occurs when both parties agree that the contract should be terminated without performance.
When the parties to a contract decide to end the agreement, rescission takes place. Rescission only causes the old contract to be canceled; no new contract is created in its place. By mutual consent, the parties terminate the contract. Waiver is the act of giving up a right. Despite the parties' partial or complete failure to fulfill all of their obligations, the contract is void. When parties enter into contracts because they have mutually agreed to do so, the parties' individual contracts are terminated.
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The policies passed in response to the Great Depression contributed to a change in which of the following earlier popular beliefs?
A. Big business should have significant influence over federal legislation.
B. Labor unions should have the sole power to negotiate with corporations.
C. Government should be noninterventionist during economic downturns.
D. Federal programs should contribute to the welfare of older Americans
The policies passed in response to the Great Depression contributed to a change in Government should be noninterventionist during economic downturns. (C)
Before the Great Depression, the government had adopted a noninterventionist stance, meaning that the government was not taking an active role in managing the economy.
However, during the Great Depression, the government began to introduce more and more policies to try and regulate the economy, such as introducing new tax policies, regulating the stock market, and increasing spending to create jobs.
This led to the idea of government intervention during economic downturns becoming more accepted.
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identify the structure of the boat conformation that would form during the ring flip between these two chair conformations.
The structure of the boat conformation that would form during the ring flip between these two chair conformations is called Cyclohexane.
Due to its non-polar structure, cyclohexane is almost ring strain free. Chain and boat conformations were among the most significant conformations that it might have. Compared to the boat conformation, the chair conformation is more stable. The boat conformation, also known as the skew boat conformation, can occasionally be more stable than it is typically by a slight rotation in the C-C bonds. But the most stable cyclohexane form is the chair conformation.
Internal angles in a regular hexagonal shape are 120 degrees. The cyclohexane ring's carbon-carbon bonds, on the other hand, have tetrahedral symmetry and bond angles that are 109.5 degrees. A cyclohexane molecule can adopt a variety of 3-D shapes as its conformation without endangering the integrity of its chemical bonds.
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William Sheldon's attempt to link physical appearance to delinquency; he focused on somatotype (body type)
Sheldon believed there would be differences between the somatotypes of delinquents and nondelinquents
He identified three somatotypes: Endomorph, Mesomorph, and Ectomorph
He did not believe anyone was a pure endomorph, mesomorph, or ectomorph; he developed a system where levels could be measured
According to Sheldon, individuals with mesomorphic body structures are more likely to be delinquent, because body structure influences an individual's temperament, and mesomorphs are more aggressive and assertive than other body types
William Sheldon's attempt to link physical appearance to delinquency was highly controversial and has been largely discredited by modern research.
Sheldon believed that there would be differences between the somatotypes (body types) of delinquents and non-delinquents, and he identified three somatotypes: Endomorph, Mesomorph, and Ectomorph. He claimed that individuals with mesomorphic body structures were more likely to be delinquent because he believed body structure influenced an individual's temperament, and mesomorphs were more aggressive and assertive than other body types. However, modern research has not found a significant link between body type and criminal behavior, and many researchers have criticized Sheldon's methods and conclusions as biased and unscientific.
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In a criminal activity, which of the following refers to the payments made to a person who has facilitated a transaction?
A. kickbacks
B. accessories
C. advance fees
D. novations
E. counterfeits
In a criminal activity, kickbacks refer to the payments made to a person who has facilitated a transaction. Option A is the correct answer.
Kickbacks are illegal payments made to people in order to influence a business decision, contract, or transaction. The person who receives the kickback usually has the power to make or break the transaction, and the individual or organization offering the kickback is attempting to influence that decision.The kickback is usually offered secretly and is generally not disclosed to the public. It is a form of corruption that can occur in both the private and public sectors.
Kickbacks can take many forms, including cash, gifts, and favors. They can also be disguised as legitimate payments, such as consulting fees, commissions, or rebates. An example of a kickback might be a construction company paying a government official to approve a building permit.
In this case, the construction company is attempting to influence the government official's decision, and the government official is receiving an illegal payment in return for that decision.Kickbacks are illegal and can result in criminal charges, fines, and imprisonment for those involved in the transaction. So, option A is the correct answer.
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the latinx population in the united states is an example of___elective bilingualism circumstantial bilingualism monolingualism
The latinx population in the united states is an example of ate elective bilingualism circumstantial bilingualism monolingualism.
In the Southeast of the United States, at a sizable urban university with a sizable Hispanic/Latino population, this study was carried out. For instance, monolingual English-speaking Americans who enroll in French classes become elective bilinguals.
L2 acquisition through voluntary language learning, such as selecting to enroll in foreign language classes, is referred to as elective bilingualism. These individuals continue to live in a setting where their first language is widely used, but they have chosen to expand their linguistic repertoire.
The US Census Bureau estimates that 21.6% of Americans speak a language other than English at home. That's 1 in every 5 adults.
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which of the following factors is not among the plausible explanations presented by cole and smith for the growth in the prison population?
Cole and Smith (2007) present several plausible explanations for the growth in the prison population, including increased punitiveness, mandatory minimum sentences, the war on drugs, and the privatization of prisons.
However, one factor that is not among the explanations they present is the declining crime rate. While declining crime rates have been observed in many countries, including the United States, it is not considered a direct explanation for the growth in the prison population. Instead, the growth in the prison population is largely attributed to changes in criminal justice policies and practices, such as the ones mentioned by Cole and Smith, that have resulted in longer prison sentences and increased numbers of people being incarcerated.
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as you read about societies based in different places, it can be difficult to keep track of when events took place in relation to one another. place the following events in chronological order.
The chronological order of the given events would be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
As you read about societies based in different places, it can be difficult to keep track of when events took place in relation to one another. The following events can be placed in chronological order as given below:1. The construction of the Great Wall of China began in the seventh-century BCE.2. The Maurya Empire was founded in 322 BCE.3. The Gupta Empire emerged in India in the fourth century CE.4. The Mongol Empire was established in the thirteenth century CE.5. The Inca Empire reached its peak in the fifteenth century CE.
The Maurya Empire, founded in 322 BCE, was one of the earliest empires in the Indian subcontinent. The Great Wall of China, on the other hand, was constructed in the seventh century BCE. The Gupta Empire emerged in India in the fourth century CE. The Mongol Empire was established in the thirteenth century CE, while the Inca Empire reached its peak in the fifteenth century CE.
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Note: the full question is
As you read about societies based in different places, it can be difficult to keep track of when events took place in relation to one another. Place the following events in chronological order.
- The kingdom of Kush, with its capital at Kerma, flourished in the Nile Valley, upriver from the Egyptian kingdom
- The residents of hundreds of small villages began to develop a single common Olmec culture
- Nok culture, which featured iron smelting and remarkable ceramic sculptures, developed in West Africa
- Greek philosophers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle developed influential ideas about politics, ethics, and observation of the natural world
the idea that as more and more units of a variable resource are applied to a fixed amount of other resources, output will eventually increase by smaller and smaller amounts is known as, true or false?
The idea that as more and more units of a variable resource are applied to a fixed amount of other resources, output will eventually increase by smaller and smaller amounts is known as the law of diminishing marginal returns. This is true.
This law applies to both agriculture and other industries. In agriculture, when more and more workers and machines are applied to a fixed amount of land, eventually output increases by smaller and smaller amounts because the land is a fixed amount of a resource. In other industries, the law of diminishing marginal returns applies when more and more workers are applied to a fixed amount of other resources, such as machines, or when more and more machines are applied to a fixed amount of other resources, such as workers. The law of diminishing marginal returns is an important principle to understand because it helps explain why there are limits to growth and why there is an optimal level of resource use.
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What is a Legal Notice of Class Action Settlement?
Those who might take part in a class action lawsuit are sent a Legal Notice of Class Action Settlement.
Those who might take part in a class action lawsuit are sent a Legal Notice of Class Action Settlement. Class action lawsuits are cases in which several people file claims against a defendant for the same type of damage or injury. The parties to a class action lawsuit must inform prospective class members of the terms of the settlement and their rights thereunder when one is reached.
The legal notice of a class action settlement normally contains details on the case's facts, the suggested terms of settlement, the class members' rights to participate in or reject the settlement, and the time limit for pursuing legal action. Instructions on how to file a claim for compensation or other settlement benefits may also be included in the notice for class members.
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which of the following is not a defense to price discrimination recognized by the robinson-patman act?
Predatory pricing is not a defense to price discrimination recognized by the robinson-patman act.
A federal law called the Robinson-Patman Act was created to stop price discrimination. Distributors are not allowed to charge various retailers different prices under the law. The act specifically exempts "cooperative associations" from its application and only covers interstate commerce.
These types of alleged Robinson-Patman violations can be legally defended in one of two ways: either the price difference is justified by different costs of manufacture, sale, or delivery (such as volume discounts), or the price concession was made in good faith to match a competitor's price.
Two additional clauses in the Robinson-Patman Act forbid indirect price discrimination, which is when a manufacturer favors one reseller over a rival reseller when offering services, facilities, and advertising and promotional benefits.
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