The relationship between reactant and product concentrations in a system at equilibrium is given by the law of mass action. This statement is true.
What is the law of mass actionThe law of mass action states that the reaction rate is proportional to the product of the concentrations of each reactant.
This law can be used to describe the behavior of solutions in dynamic equilibrium.
The law of mass action also states that the ratio of reactant concentration to product concentration is constant in chemical equilibrium.
Equilibrium constant (K c )The concentrations of reactants and products are constant at equilibrium at a given temperature. Consider the following simple reversible reaction.
A+B C+D
A :reactant
B :reactant
C : products
D: products.
A mixture of products and reactants in chemical equilibrium is called an equilibrium mixture. There is a relationship between the concentrations of products and reactants in an equilibrium mixture
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The illustration to the left represents a mixture of hydrogen ( light blue ) and oxygen ( red ) reacting to form a product.
The product formed is H[tex]_2[/tex]( g) + O[tex]_2[/tex]( g) → 2 H[tex]_2[/tex] O ( l). There are two moles of water that is formed when hydrogen and oxygen react.
What is hydrogen?The simplest chemical element is hydrogen (H), a colorless, odorless, tasteless, and combustible gaseous substance. The nucleus of the hydrogen atom is composed of a proton with one unit of positively electrical current and an electron with one unit of negatively electrical charge.
Under normal circumstances, hydrogen gas is a loose collection of hydrogen molecules, of which each is a diatomic molecule, or H2, made up of two atoms. The product formed is H[tex]_2[/tex]( g) + O[tex]_2[/tex]( g) → 2 H[tex]_2[/tex] O ( l). There are two moles of water that is formed when hydrogen and oxygen react.
Therefore, the product formed is H[tex]_2[/tex]( g) + O[tex]_2[/tex]( g) → 2 H[tex]_2[/tex] O ( l). There are two moles of water that is formed when hydrogen and oxygen react.
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What is the name of the compound NO2?
Responses
A nitrous oxidenitrous oxide
B nitrogen dioxide
The name of the compound NO₂ is nitrogen dioxide. Therefore, option B is correct.
What is compound ?A compound is a substance composed of two or more distinct chemical elements combined in a predetermined ratio. When the elements combine, they react and form chemical bonds that are difficult to break. These bonds form as a result of atoms sharing or exchanging electrons.
The compound NO₂ is a compound because the nitrogen dioxide consist of two atoms that are one nitrogen and two oxygen atom therefore, it is called as nitrogen dioxide.
Thus, option B is correct.
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what other configuration information does it provide? name two.
An IP address provides information about the network location and host ID.
An IP address is a numerical label assigned to each device connected to the internet or a local network. It is used to identify and locate devices on the network so that data can be transmitted between them.
In addition to providing information about the network location and host ID, an IP address also provides information about the network class and the subnet mask.
The network class of an IP address can be determined based on its first few bits. The different classes of IP addresses (A, B, C, D, and E) are used to define different ranges of IP addresses and are used to route data on the internet.
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What is an acid and a base?
A substance is considered to be acid if it dissolves in water and produces hydrogen ions (H+). A base is a material that, when dissolved in water, produces hydroxide ions, or OH-.
Describe acid.A compound that creates salts when it combines with specific metals and releases hydronium ions into water. Acids have just a sour taste and give some colours a reddish tint. Acids can frequently be separated into three categories. Binaries acid comes first, then oxyacid finally carboxylic acid.
What causes acid to exist?They have the capacity to prevent rust on metals, serve as a medium in wet batteries, be an essential part of chemical process industry manufacture, and be used as artificial flavors for drinks and food.
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rate of diffusion of methane to co2
The rate of diffusion of methane (CH4) to carbon dioxide (CO2) depends on various factors such as temperature, pressure, and concentration difference between the two gases.
In general, the rate of diffusion is proportional to the concentration gradient and the diffusion coefficient, which is a measure of the ability of a gas to diffuse through another gas. At a given temperature and pressure, the diffusion coefficient for methane is typically lower than that for carbon dioxide, meaning that methane diffuses more slowly than carbon dioxide.
Additionally, the rate of diffusion may also be influenced by other factors such as the presence of other gases or surfaces in the environment. For example, in the presence of an obstacle or a surface that impedes the diffusion of the gas, the rate of diffusion will be lower.
To determine the precise rate of diffusion of methane to carbon dioxide, it is necessary to perform experiments or simulations under controlled conditions, taking into account all relevant factors that may affect the diffusion process.
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Smog causes acid rain due to the pollution in the air. It can strip trees of their leaves which prevents photosynthesis. What else is a direct result of smog?.
Smog causes acid rain due to the pollution in the air. It can strip trees of their leaves which prevents photosynthesis, therefore, option A (the direct result of smog is that plants die because the soil is stripped of its nutrients) is the right choice.
Smog, often known as smoke fog, is a severe kind of air pollution. Early in the 20th century, the words smoke and fog were combined to form the word "smog" because their opacity and smell describe smoky fog.
The phrase was then used to describe the pea soup fog, which was a common and severe issue in London from the 19th century to the middle of the 20th century. This type of observable air pollution is made up of smoke, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, ozone, and other particulates. Coal combustion emissions, vehicle emissions, industrial emissions, forest and agricultural fires, and photochemical reactions of these emissions are all sources of man-made haze.
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a student reacts 2-butanone with 2,2- dimethylpropylmagnesium bromide. which of the following structures is a possible product?
Multiple potential compounds may result from the reaction of 2,2-dimethylpropylmagnesium bromide with 2-butanone, also known as ethyl methyl ketone.
2,2-dimethyl-2-butanol is one of the probable byproducts of this process. The 2,2-dimethylpropyl group is added to the carbon atom of the ketone group in 2-butanone to create this alcohol in an addition process. Another potential byproduct is 2-butanol, which is created by combining the ethyl group with the carbon atom of the ketone group in 2-butanone. The final result will be determined by a number of variables, including the reaction circumstances and the existence of additional reactants or catalysts. An electromyography study is the compound muscle action potential or compound motor action potential. The sum of numerous practically contemporaneous action potentials from different muscle fibres in the same region is idealised by the CMAP. Typically, this is accomplished by stimulating the motor nerve.
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the pka of phenol (a) is around 9, while the pka of cyclohexanol (b) is around 15. why do you think a is more acidic than b.
One of the important effects on a molecule's acidity is whether the conjugate base anion can be stabilised by resonance.
Phenol, for example, is a stronger acid than cyclohexanol because its conjugate base is much more stable than cyclohexanol's conjugate base. The phenol conjugate base has increased stability because this anion can delocalize the negative charge throughout the ring via resonance, effectively stabilizing it.
Because cyclohexanol's conjugate base lacks resonance structures to stabilise the charge, it is less stable.
The pKa of phenol is around 9, while the pKa of cyclohexanol is around 15. This means that the acidity of phenol is around 3 times greater than that of cyclohexanol.
The structures of both molecules are shown in the green box. Phenol has a single carbon atom in its structure, while cyclohexanol has six.
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in the titration of 20.0 ml of 0.200 m hobr with 0.100 m naoh, what is the ph after 20.0 ml of the naoh solution is added? (ka hobr = 2.5 × 10–9)
In the titration of the 20.0 ml of 0.200 m HOBr with 0.100 M NaOH, The the pH after 20.0 ml of the NaOH solution is added is 10.72.
The moles of the HOBr = moles of the NaOH
Volume × 0.1 = 0.02 × 0.2
Volume of NaOH = 0.04 L
The moles of the salt = moles of the HOBr
0.02 × 0.2 = 0.004 moles
The total volume of the solution = 0.04 + 0.02
= 0.06 L
The concentration of salt = 0.004 / 0.06
= 0.067 M
[OH⁻] = √ aKw / Ka
a = [salt] = 0.067 M
[OH⁻] = √( 0.067 × 10⁻¹⁴ / 2.5 × 10⁻⁹ ) M
= 5.18 × 10⁻⁴ M
pOH = -log(5.18 × 10⁻⁴)
pOH = 3.28
pH = 14 - pOH
= 14 - 3.28
pH = 10.72
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order each of the sets of compounds with respect to sn2 reactivity (1 = fastest). compound a compound b compound c
To determine the reactivity of compounds in an SN2 reaction, the following factors should be considered, Size of the leaving group, Stability of the leaving group, Electron-withdrawing ability of substituents on the substrate.
Size of the leaving group: Smaller leaving groups tend to depart faster, increasing the reaction rate.
Stability of the leaving group: More stable leaving groups tend to depart faster, increasing the reaction rate.
Electron-withdrawing ability of substituents on the substrate: Electron-withdrawing substituents increase the electron density on the carbon, making it a better nucleophile, and slowing the reaction.
Steric hindrance at the reaction site: Increased bulk around the reaction site can impede the approach of the nucleophile and the leaving group, slowing the reaction.
Without the specific compounds, it is not possible to determine their reactivity in an SN2 reaction.
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Acetylene gas, C2H2, used in welders' torches, releases 1300 kJ of heat when 1 mole of C2H2 undergoes combustion. What is the balanced equation?
One has shutoff valves for oxygen, while the other is for acetylene. Some torches come equipped with mixing valves that do not require the usage of oxygen shutdown valves.
What use of Acetylene used in welders' torches?Acetylene is a good option for gas welding steel because of its high flame temperature. Welding. Acetylene, when burned in oxygen, creates a reducing zone that quickly cleans the metal surface. In the inner flame cone, acetylene discharges roughly 40% of its heat.
This valve, which is usually found on a cutting torch, creates passageways that direct both oxygen and acetylene to the mixing chamber.
Therefore, [tex]2C_2H_2(g)+ 5o_2(g)[/tex]→[tex]4Co_2(g) + 2H_2o(g) + 2600KJ[/tex] Is the balanced equation. Metal is welded when two parts are heated to a temperature where a shared pool of molten metal forms.
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All of the following compounds would produce an electrolyte solution when dissolved in water except:
A) Glucose (C6H12O6)
B) Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4)
C) Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl)
D) Potassium iodide (KI).
When dissolved in water, glucose (C6H12O6) molecules would create an electrolyte solution.
Describe electrolytes.a material that, when dissolved into water or bodily fluids, separates into ions. Sodium, potassium, limestone, chloride, and phosphorous are a few examples of ions. Your bloodstream and other bodily fluids include minerals called electrolyte supplements that are electrically charged. Your blood's pH level of acidity and how well your muscles work
What function do electrolytes serve?Electrolytes are crucial because they: Maintain a healthy balance of bodily fluids. Manage the acid-base (pH) ratio in your body. your cells with nutrition. An electrolyte imbalance is typically caused by a loss of body fluids. This may occur during prolonged diarrhea, coughing, or sweating brought on by a medical condition, for instance.
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how much heat (in joules) is needed to increase the temperature of a 2.75 mol sample of solid iron from 26.20°c to 44.50°c? the specific heat capacity of solid iron is 0.444 j/g • k.
The heat (in joules) is needed to increase the temperature of the 2.75 mol sample of the solid iron from 26.20 °C to 44.50° C is 1251.2 J.
The mole of the iron = 2.75 mol
The molar mass of the iron = 56 g/mol
The mass of the iron = moles × molar mass
= 2.75 × 56
= 154 g
The initial temperature = 26.20 °C
The final temperature = 44.50 °C
The specific heat of iron = 0.444 J/g°C
The specific heat expression is as follows :
q = mc ΔT
q = 154 × 0.444 × ( 44.50 - 26.20 )
q = 1251.2 J
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a)berylium b)sodium c)neon d)oxygen e)selenium
Answer:
a) Beryllium: [He] 2s2
b) Sodium: [Ne] 3s1
c) Neon: [He] 2s2 2p6
d) Oxygen: [He] 2s2 2p4
e) Selenium: [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p4
Explanation:
As the number of bonds between two carbon atoms increases (i.e.goes from a single toa double bond perhaps), which one of the following DECREASES?a.) the number of electrons between two carbon atomsb.) bond energyc.) bond lengthd.) all of thesee.) none of these
When number of bonds means single, double , triple between carbon atoms increases the bond length decreases. Hence, option C is correct.
The distance between the centers of two covalently bonded atoms is defined as the bond length. The length of the bond is obtained by the number of bonded electrons i.e., the bond order. The higher the bond order, the stronger the pull between the two atoms and the shorter the bond length or it can be said that bond order is inversely proportional to the bond length.
Generally, the length of the bond between two atoms is approximately equal to the sum of the covalent radii of the two atoms. Therefore, bond length between to carbon atoms increases in the following order: triple bond < double bond < single bond.
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Given the reaction CaCO3(s) --> CaO(s) + CO2(g), if 50. 0 g of CaCO3 react, what is the percent yield of CO2 if 20. 0 g of CO2 are produced in the lab? *
What is an atomic number easy definition?
A chemical element's atomic number is its position in the periodic table of elements, which places the elements in ascending order of the amount of protons in their nuclei.
What is an atom, briefly?A chemical element is uniquely defined by its atoms, which are tiny pieces of substance.An atom is made up of a core nucleus and one or even more electrons with negative charges that orbit it.The positively charged, comparatively hefty protons and neutrons that make up the nucleus may be present.
How come atomic number matters?The atomic number, which is always equivalent to the number or electrons orbiting a nucleus, is the quantity of protons in a core As a result, the same element's atoms are those that share the same amount of protons, or the atomic number.
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which process moves ions from an area of high concentration?
The process that moves ions from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration is called diffusion.
Diffusion is the movement of particles or substances from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration until the concentration of the substance is uniform throughout the space.
Key points:
Diffusion occurs naturally as a result of the random thermal motion of particles.The rate of diffusion is proportional to the concentration gradient (difference in concentration between two areas) and the temperature.Diffusion occurs in liquids, gases, and through membranes.Diffusion plays a role in many biological processes, such as the movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the respiratory system, and the absorption of nutrients in the digestive system.Diffusion can also be used in various industrial and technological processes, such as the separation of components of a mixture, and the purification of substances.Learn more about Diffusion here:
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identify the hybridization state, molecular geometry and approximate bond angle around the sulfur atom for the following molecule : Cl2SO
The sulphur atom in the compound [tex]\ce{Cl2SO}[/tex] is in the [tex]sp^3[/tex] hybridization state. This indicates that the sulphur atom possesses four sigma bonds, which are created when its orbitals overlap those of four neighbouring atoms.
(in this instance, the two oxygen atoms and the two chlorine atoms). [tex]\ce{Cl2SO}[/tex] has a bent or angular molecular geometry with a V-shape. This is due to the sulphur atom's bond angle not being the optimum 109.5° tetrahedral bond angle. In [tex]\ce{Cl2SO}[/tex], the bond angle around the sulphur atom is around 120°. Due to the chlorine atoms' ability to remove electrons, which causes the bond angle surrounding the sulphur atom to become more compressed, this value is somewhat higher than the ideal tetrahedral bond angle. When two atomic orbitals join to generate a hybrid orbital in a molecule, the energy of the individual atoms' orbitals is redistributed to give orbitals of equivalent energy. We refer to this process as hybridization state.
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What is the maximum number of electrons that each of the following shells can contain? (a) M shell (b) K shell (c) L shell (d) N shell electrons electrons electrons electrons
The maximum number of electrons contained by each shell:
(a) M shell : 18 electrons(b) K shell : 2 electrons(c) L shell : 8 electrons(d) N shell: 32 electronsExplain the filling of electrons in each shell?The reactivity of an atom—or propensity to establish chemical interactions with other atoms—depends on the amount of electrons in its outermost shell.
The electrons located in this outermost shell are referred to as valence electrons, and this shell is called as the valence shell. In general, when an atom's outermost electron shells is full, it is at its most stable and least reactive.The octet rule states that most biologically significant elements require eight electrons within their outermost valence in order to become stable. Even though its valence shell is really the 3n shell, which might also retention time to 18 electrons, some atoms could be stable with just an octet.
Thus,
(a) M shell : 18 electrons(b) K shell : 2 electrons(c) L shell : 8 electrons(d) N shell: 32 electronsTo know more about the electrons, here
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how many moles of al(ch3co2)3 are present in a 42.4-g sample
0.179 moles of Al(CH₃CO₂)₃ are present in a 42.4-g sample.
Mole: Mole is defined as the amount of substance of a system which contains as many elementary entities as there are atoms in 0.012 kilogram of carbon 12; and it is denoted by “mol”.
Number of moles = Mass / Molecular mass
Mass of Al(CH₃CO₂)₃ = 42.4 gram
Molecular mass of Al(CH₃CO₂)₃ = 12 x 2 + 1 x 3+ 16 x 2
= 24 + 3 + 32 = 59
=59 x 3 = 177 g / mole
Total mass = 177 + 59 = 236 gram
Therefore, moles of Al(CH₃CO₂)₃ = 42.4 / 236
= 0.179 mole
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Completely classify liquid NH3 by selecting all that apply. A. Compound B. Pure Substance C. Heterogeneous Mixture D. Element E. Homogeneous Mixture F. Mixture
Liquid NH3 is : A. Compound and E. Homogeneous Mixture.
What is the characteristics of NH3?Ammonia is used in many industrial processes, as a fertilizer and refrigerant. It is characterized as colorless gas or compressed liquid with the pungent odor and exposure may occur by inhalation, ingestion or contact.
It is easily liquefied due to strong hydrogen bonding between molecules. Gaseous ammonia turns to colorless liquid which boils at −33.1 °C and freezes to colorless crystals at −77.7 °C .
Ammonia is a toxic gas or liquid that when concentrated is corrosive to tissues upon the contact and exposure to ammonia in sufficient quantities can be fatal.
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how many molecular orbitals can be constructed from a diatomic molecule in which s p d f are all important in bonding?
In a diatomic molecule where s, p, d and f orbitals are all important in bonding, a total of 18 molecular orbitals can be constructed. This includes the combination of s, p, d and f orbitals from both atoms to form bonding, antibonding and non-bonding molecular orbitals.
Bonding is described by molecular orbital theory in terms of orbitals that surround the entire molecule. These orbitals are thought to be the outcome of constructive or destructive interactions between the atomic orbitals of the atoms in the molecule. Atomic orbitals can overlap in numerous ways. An s (sigma) bond is formed by end-on-end overlap, which results in electron density along the internuclear axis. This form of overlap can occur between two adjacent s orbitals, between an s orbital and a pz orbital, or between two adjacent pzorbitals.
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A solution in which no more solute can be dissolved at a given temperature is classified as: A.Saturated B.Supersaturated C.Unsaturated
The answer is A saturated
Explanation:
what is the hydronium ion [h3o ] concentration of a solution with a ph of 6 ? A) 1 x 106 B) 1 x 10-6 C) 6 x 101 6x D) 6 x 10-1 OE) 6x 10-14
Answer: B. 1*10-6 M
What is the Hydronium ion concentration?
The concentration of hydronium ions decreases with dilution as a result of reactions between acid and water ions, leading to the formation of H2O. This makes the solution less acidic as the concentration of hydronium ions decreases.
We know,
pH = - log [H3O+]
where [H3O+] = concentration of hydronium ion
we have pH = 6
6 = - log [H3O+]
Concentration of hydronium ion, [H3O+] = Antilog (-6) = 1*10-6 M
Therefore, option B) 1*10-6 is correct.
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The hydronium ion [h3o ] concentration of a solution with a ph of 6: 1*10-6 M
What is the Hydronium ion concentration?
The concentration of hydronium ions, also known as the acidity or pH of a solution, is typically expressed on a scale from 0 to 14, where 0 indicates a highly acidic solution, 7 indicates a neutral solution, and 14 indicates a highly basic or alkaline solution. The concentration of hydronium ions in a neutral solution is typically around 1 x 10-7 moles per liter (M).
We know,
pH = - log [H3O+]
where [H3O+] = concentration of hydronium ion
we have pH = 6
6 = - log [H3O+]
Concentration of hydronium ion, [H3O+] = Antilog (-6) = 1*10-6 M
Therefore, option B) 1*10-6 is correct.
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aluminum metal reacts with iron(iii) oxide to produce aluminum oxide and iron metal. Write and balance the chemical equation.
The balanced chemical equation is Fe2O3+ Al → Fe+ Al2O3
The chemical representation of aluminum metal is Al
The chemical representation of iron (iii) oxide is Fe2O3
The chemical representation of aluminum oxide is Al2O3
The chemical representation of iron metal is Fe
When aluminum metal reacted with iron oxide, it produces aluminum oxide and iron metal. It also produces a large amount of heat.
This type of reaction is called a displacement reaction because iron is displaced by aluminum to form aluminum oxide.
It is also called the redox reaction because the oxidation of aluminum and reduction of iron is taking place at the same time.
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The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between aluminum metal and iron(III) oxide to produce aluminum oxide and iron metal is 2 Al (s) + Fe2O3 (s) -> 2 Fe (s) + Al2O3 (s). This chemical reaction is an oxidation-reduction reaction, which is also known as a single replacement reaction. The reaction produces a large amount of heat and results in a stream of molten iron and aluminum oxide.
The equation can be interpreted as meaning that 2 moles of aluminum react with 1 mole of iron (III) oxide to produce 1 mole of aluminum oxide and 2 moles of iron.
It's important to note that this reaction produces a lot of heat and sparks, which makes it a highly exothermic reaction. The heat generated by the reaction is due to the high charge concentration on the aluminum ion, which allows the oxide ions to approach the aluminum ion more closely than they can approach the ferric ion.
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In an IR spectra, there is a peak at 1715 cm-1, the compound will be:
Identification of the chemicals is aided by analytical spectra. Aliphatic C=O. stretch ketones are detected at 1715 cm-1.
What exactly are spectra, and what different kinds are there?When electromagnetic radiation passes through a prism or grating, it splits into a number of lines that correspond to various wavelengths. Spectrum describes this. The two types of spectra, emission and absorption spectra, can be distinguished. Below are listed their distinctions from one another.
What do atoms' spectra consist of?The definition of atomic spectra is. a description of the electromagnetic radiation's spectrum that an electron emits or absorbs as it changes energy levels inside an atom. An excited electron either emits nor absorbs light of a certain wavelength when it transitions of one level of energy to another.
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During which stage of the water cycle does water from the ocean form clouds?
Explain please?
Hello!
During the stage of condensation of the water cycle water from the ocean forms into clouds. Condensation, the opposite of evaporation is when water vapor in the air is transformed into liquid water. This stage in the water cycle is important since its role is creating and forming clouds.
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suppose 65.0 j of heat are added to a 105 g piece of aluminum at 22.0 ∘c.
Given the heat added (Q) and the mass (m) of the aluminum piece, we can calculate the change in temperature (ΔT) using the equation:
ΔT = Q / (c * m)
where c is the specific heat capacity of aluminum, which is approximately 0.90 J/g°C.
Plugging in the values:
ΔT = 65.0 J / (0.90 J/g°C * 105 g) = 65.0 J / 95.5 J/°C = 0.68°C
So the temperature of the aluminum piece would increase by 0.68°C to 22.68°C
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2) A half-cell containing Br and Br- is connected to a half-cell containing Mg+2 and Mg to form a voltaic cell. Determine the proper direction for each half cell reaction to assure a spontaneous, complete cell reaction. Find the value of the complete cell electrode potential (E°).
A half cell is one of the two electrodes in a galvanic cell or simple battery.
Find the value of the complete cell electrode potential (E°)?
Look up the standard reduction potentials for Br and Mg. I find the following:
Mg2+ + 2e- ==> Mg(s) Eº = -2.38 V
Br2(l) + 2e- ==> 2Br-(aq) Eº = 1.07 V
Accordingly, Br2 will be reduced and Mg(s) will be oxidized in order to have a positive potential.
Br2 + 2e- ==> 2Br-
Mg ==> Mg2+ + 2e-
------------------------------------
Br2 + Mg ==> Mg2+ + 2Br- Eº = 1.07 + 2.38 = 3.45 V
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