the purpose of watson’s little albert experiment was to provide support for the psychological perspective called

The visible, objective context of a communication is known as the situational context. This includes the physical environment, social setting, cultural norms, and the specific situation in which the communication takes place.

The visible, objective context of a communication is known as the explicit context. It refers to the tangible and observable aspects of a communication that are directly present and accessible to all participants. The explicit context encompasses elements such as the words spoken or written, visual cues, gestures, body language, and any other observable behaviors or cues that contribute to the overall message.

This context provides a shared frame of reference and serves as the foundation for understanding the explicit meaning of the communication. It helps establish clarity, facilitates effective interpretation, and enables participants to derive meaning from the explicit content of the message. It is important to consider the situational context when interpreting and responding to communication, as it can greatly impact the meaning and effectiveness of the message.

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Cross-culturally and historically, marriages based on free choice and romantic love are varied and influenced by cultural norms and societal factors.

The prevalence and significance of free choice and romantic love in marriages have varied across different cultures and historical periods. In some societies, arranged marriages or marriages based on economic and social considerations have been more common, while in others, the emphasis on personal choice and romantic love has been more prominent.

Cultural norms and traditions play a significant role in shaping the practices and expectations surrounding marriage. In many traditional societies, marriages were arranged by families or communities, with the primary focus on factors such as social status, economic considerations, and family alliances. Love and personal choice may have been secondary considerations or not considered at all.

However, in modern Western societies, there has been a cultural shift towards marriages based on personal choice and romantic love. The ideal of finding a life partner based on mutual attraction, emotional connection, and shared values has gained prominence. Individuals are encouraged to pursue relationships based on their own preferences and desires.

It is important to note that even in societies where romantic love and free choice are valued, other factors may still influence marital decisions. Cultural and familial expectations, religious beliefs, socioeconomic factors, and practical considerations can all play a role alongside romantic love.

Furthermore, historical and cultural contexts greatly influence the understanding and expression of romantic love. The ideals and expectations associated with romantic love have evolved over time and can vary widely between cultures. For example, the concept of romantic love in contemporary Western societies may be different from that in traditional societies or non-Western cultures.

In summary, marriages based on free choice and romantic love have not been universal throughout history and across cultures. The prominence and significance of these factors in marriages can vary, influenced by cultural norms, societal expectations, and historical contexts. It is important to consider the diverse range of marital practices and beliefs when examining the role of free choice and romantic love in different cultures and periods.

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You are taking an online psychology class and have weekly online quizzes. The quizzes all contain only multiple-choice questions, which are used to assess your recognition of course material.

Multiple-choice questions in quizzes are designed to test your ability to recognize and select the correct answer among several options. These questions typically present a series of choices, and your task is to identify the most accurate or appropriate response based on your understanding of the course material. The emphasis is on recognizing the correct answer rather than generating it from memory or recall.

While recall and memory are important aspects of learning, multiple-choice questions primarily assess your recognition abilities. They require you to identify the correct answer among provided options, which can involve analyzing and evaluating different choices based on your knowledge and understanding of the course content.

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The most striking difference between a physician's approach to a sick patient and a medical anthropologist's perspective lies in their respective focuses and methodologies.

A physician's approach is primarily rooted in the biomedical model of health, which emphasizes the diagnosis and treatment of diseases or disorders based on biological and physiological factors. Physicians typically assess patients' symptoms, perform medical tests, and prescribe medications or procedures to alleviate or cure the illness. Their approach is based on scientific evidence, clinical guidelines, and medical expertise.

On the other hand, a medical anthropologist's perspective is more holistic and considers the broader socio-cultural and contextual factors that influence health and illness. They study how cultural beliefs, practices, social structures, and systems shape individuals' experiences of health and disease. Medical anthropologists may examine the cultural meanings attached to illness, the social determinants of health, healthcare systems, and patient-provider interactions. They employ qualitative research methods such as ethnographic observation, interviews, and analysis of cultural artifacts.

While physicians focus on diagnosing and treating specific diseases, medical anthropologists aim to understand the complex interplay between biology, culture, and social factors that shape health and illness experiences. Their perspectives complement each other, as physicians provide clinical expertise while medical anthropologists contribute valuable insights into the social and cultural dimensions of health and healthcare.

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Management involves overseeing and guiding the entire process of achieving objectives, including the development, maintenance, and allocation of resources needed for success.

Maintenance is an important aspect of this process, as it ensures that resources are kept in good working order and that the objectives can be achieved consistently over time.False. While management involves guiding the development, maintenance, and allocation of objectives, it is not the only aspect of management. Management also involves coordinating and organizing resources, making decisions, and leading and motivating employees to achieve organizational goals. In other words, management is a broader process that involves a variety of functions and tasks.

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Answer: The given statement about the governmental accounting standards board is False.

Explanation: General accounting concepts used by state and municipal governments in the United States are derived from the Governmental Accounting Standards Board. It is a private, non-governmental organization, just like the majority of the organizations responsible for developing GAAP in the United States. GASB members must be knowledgeable in governmental accounting and finance and have a concern for the general public's interest in accounting and financial reporting issues. The GASB, or Governmental Accounting Rules Board, was founded in 1972 with the goal of developing accounting and reporting standards that promote transparency and clarity in financial reporting.

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Participation in the Eucharist and the reception of Holy Communion can have several meaningful fruits or effects:

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In the context of the study conducted by Wrzesniewski on the meaning of work, the employee who is most likely to view work as a valuable endeavor in and of itself is Deedee, who loves animals and is the manager of a pet shelter.

Wrzesniewski's research suggests that individuals who view work as a calling, or as a way to express their identities and make a meaningful contribution to society, are more likely to experience job satisfaction and fulfillment. Deedee's passion for animals and her role as a manager at a pet shelter aligns with this definition of work as a calling, making her the most likely candidate to view her job as a valuable endeavor in and of itself.

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People tend to use emotion-focused coping strategies when they feel that the situation they are facing is beyond their control or when they perceive that their efforts to solve the problem will not be effective.

Emotion-focused coping involves managing the emotions and feelings associated with the stressful situation rather than directly addressing the problem itself. Examples of emotion-focused coping strategies include seeking emotional support from others, engaging in distracting activities, and using relaxation techniques to manage stress. Emotion-focused coping can be useful in situations where it is not possible or practical to solve the problem directly.

However, it is important to note that relying solely on emotion-focused coping can lead to negative outcomes, such as increased stress and decreased self-esteem, if the underlying problem is not addressed. Therefore, a combination of both emotion-focused and problem-focused coping strategies is often recommended for effectively managing stress and dealing with challenging situations.

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A One example of a part of South Africa's economy that the government controls is the energy sector, specifically through state-owned entities like Eskom, which is responsible for electricity generation, transmission, and distribution.

The South African government exercises significant control over the energy sector through state-owned entities such as Eskom. Eskom is the country's primary electricity utility and plays a crucial role in the generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity. As a state-owned entity, the government holds a controlling stake in Eskom and has the authority to make key decisions regarding energy policies, pricing, and infrastructure development.

The government's control over the energy sector is driven by the strategic importance of ensuring reliable and affordable electricity supply for both residential and industrial consumers. It allows the government to regulate and manage the generation and distribution of electricity in the country, ensuring that the national energy needs are met and that infrastructure development aligns with the government's broader economic and developmental goals.

However, it is worth noting that the South African government's control over the economy extends beyond just the energy sector. The government also exercises control over various other sectors through regulatory bodies, legislation, and public enterprises. These sectors may include telecommunications, transportation, healthcare, and natural resources, among others. The extent of government control varies across sectors, with some being more heavily regulated and controlled than others.

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The team that stands close together during a presentation conveys a sense of unity and cohesion. This type of physical closeness can communicate that the team members are on the same page and are working together towards a common goal. It can also suggest that they have a strong level of trust and rapport with one another, which can be reassuring to the audience.

Additionally, standing close together can help to emphasize the collective nature of the team's message and underscore the importance of collaboration and teamwork in achieving success.

However, it's important to note that there are other factors that contribute to effective presentations, such as clear communication, engaging content, and a well-prepared delivery. While physical closeness can be a helpful tool, it should not be relied on as the sole means of conveying a message or building rapport with an audience.

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A situation that could be modeled as a linear equation is the relationship between the number of hours worked and the amount earned in a job. In this case, the linear equation would have the form y = mx + b, where y represents the amount earned, x represents the number of hours worked, m represents the hourly wage, and b represents any fixed payment or starting bonus.

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False. With a Roth IRA, you contribute post-tax dollars, meaning you have already paid taxes on the money you are investing.

The investment earnings in a Roth IRA grow tax-free and you do not have to pay taxes on the final distribution as long as you meet certain requirements. These requirements include being at least 59 and a half years old and having held the account for at least five years. So, while you may not have to pay taxes on the final distribution, you also do not have to pay taxes on the investment earnings each year.

This is one of the benefits of a Roth IRA compared to a traditional IRA, where you contribute pre-tax dollars and pay taxes on both the investment earnings and the final distribution. Overall, a Roth IRA can be a great option for those who anticipate being in a higher tax bracket in retirement, as they will not have to pay taxes on their withdrawals.

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The "Early Years" section likely includes information to provide insight into the influences that shaped King's life and beliefs. This section typically covers King's upbringing, family background, and early experiences.

The information in the "Early Years" section is MOST LIKELY included to give insight into the influences that shaped King. By including this information, the author aims to offer a contextual understanding of King's development as a leader and civil rights advocate.

Option (B) "to give insight into the influences that shaped King" aligns with this purpose. The author may delve into King's family's involvement in the civil rights movement, his exposure to racial injustice, or the influence of influential figures like Mahatma Gandhi or his father, Martin Luther King Sr. These influences played a significant role in shaping King's values, convictions, and determination to fight for equality and justice.

While options (A) and (D) may have some relevance in discussing King's early years, they do not encompass the comprehensive range of influences that shaped him. Option (C) is too specific and assumes King's early interest in civil rights without considering the broader factors that influenced his development. Therefore, option (B) is the most likely reason the author included the information in the "Early Years" section.

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According to Project GLOBE, the type of leadership that refers to being independent, individualist, and unique is autonomous leader.

So, the correct answer is A.

Leaders who exhibit autonomous leadership tend to make their own decisions and prefer working independently.

They value their own opinions and ideas and are self-driven to achieve their goals. They often take risks and challenge the status quo, which can lead to innovation and creativity.

However, autonomous leaders may struggle with collaboration and building relationships with others, as they prioritize their own goals and ideas over those of others. It is important for leaders to understand their own leadership style and how it impacts their team and organization.

Hence the answer of the question is E.

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The type of leadership that refers to being independent, individualist, and unique according to Project GLOBE is e. autonomous.

Autonomous leadership is characterized by a leader who is independent and self-reliant, and who values individualism and uniqueness. This type of leader tends to be confident, assertive, and proactive, and is comfortable making decisions and taking action without seeking input from others. Autonomous leadership is one of the nine dimensions of leadership identified by Project GLOBE (Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness), a large-scale research project that sought to identify universal leadership behaviors and attributes across cultures.

The other dimensions of leadership identified by Project GLOBE include charismatic/value-based, team-oriented, participative, humane-oriented, self-protective, and others.

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Answer: C. a friend who just came back from vacationing there

Explanation: If a friend of yours came back from vacationing in Hawaii, they must surely know a lot about Hawaii now since they just came back after vacationing there. So if you were to give a speech on Hawaii, the best source credibility is asking a friend that came back from Hawaii.

The source with the best credibility would be a friend who just got back from vacationing there. The reason for this is that they would have first-hand experience of the place, and would be able to provide accurate and reliable information based on their observations and interactions with the people and environment. Therefore, the correct option is c.

A classmate's friend who watched a TV show about the islands would have second-hand information, which may be distorted or incomplete. While TV shows can be informative and entertaining, they may also be biased or sensationalized, and may not provide a comprehensive or accurate portrayal of the place.

Similarly, my own desire to go to Hawaii would not necessarily make me an expert on the place, and my speech might be based on assumptions or stereotypes rather than facts and evidence.

Finally, a tabloid that reported two celebrities were staying at a Hawaiian resort would not be a credible source of information, as tabloids are known for sensationalizing and fabricating stories for entertainment value rather than accuracy or truthfulness.

When giving a speech on a topic, it is important to use credible sources of information that are based on reliable and accurate data. By doing so, we can ensure that our message is informative, persuasive, and impactful and that our audience trusts and respects our expertise and authority on the topic.

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One action that can describe a barrier to effective listening is avoiding difficult listening situations. When individuals encounter a conversation or presentation that challenges their beliefs or makes them uncomfortable, they may tune out or disengage from the conversation entirely.

This can prevent them from fully understanding the speaker's message and can hinder effective communication. Additionally, avoiding difficult listening situations can prevent individuals from developing empathy and understanding for differing perspectives, which can limit personal and professional growth. To overcome this barrier, individuals can practice active listening techniques, such as focusing on the speaker's message rather than their own internal thoughts or biases, asking clarifying questions, and paraphrasing the speaker's message.

It can also be helpful to approach difficult conversations with an open mind and a willingness to learn and understand differing viewpoints. By addressing this barrier to effective listening, individuals can improve their communication skills and build stronger relationships with others.

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The prefrontal cortex is responsible for the promotion of a decrease in extremes of emotions, such as temper tantrums, crying, and physical aggression.

It is the area of the brain involved in executive functions, including emotional regulation and impulse control. The prefrontal cortex helps individuals modulate and regulate their emotional responses, allowing for more appropriate and adaptive emotional reactions.

Through its connections with other regions of the brain involved in emotional processing, the prefrontal cortex plays a crucial role in promoting emotional stability, self-regulation, and the ability to manage and express emotions in a controlled manner.

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All of the options provided contain statements that are true about privately-held corporations except for option D, which states that stock is available to all members of the public.

Privately-held corporations are typically characterized by a small number of shareholders who own and control the company. Option A is true because privately-held corporations usually have few shareholders, often consisting of a close-knit group of individuals or families.

Option B is also true as the majority of corporations in the United States are privately-held. These companies are not publicly traded on stock exchanges and operate with a more limited number of shareholders.

Option C is true as well, as many privately-held corporations are indeed small in size. They often operate on a smaller scale compared to publicly-traded corporations and may focus on specific niche markets or local operations.

Option D is false because privately-held corporations do not offer their stock to the general public. Unlike publicly-traded companies, their shares are not available for purchase by anyone who wishes to invest. Instead, ownership of privately-held corporations is restricted to a select group of individuals or entities, often with restrictions on transferring ownership.

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The most likely reason that African women have been found to rate their ideal body type as being significantly closer to their actual shape compared to European and North American women is the influence of cultural beauty ideals and societal norms.

Cultural beauty standards vary across different regions and societies, and they can shape individuals' perceptions of their ideal body type. African cultures may have beauty ideals that celebrate and appreciate different body shapes and sizes compared to European and North American cultures, which often prioritize slimness or specific body proportions.

African cultures may embrace diverse body shapes and value characteristics such as curves, fuller figures, or certain body features. This cultural acceptance and celebration of different body types can influence African women to view their actual shape as closer to their ideal body type, leading to a smaller discrepancy between the two.

On the other hand, European and North American cultures have historically placed a greater emphasis on thinness and certain body proportions as beauty ideals. This cultural influence can lead to European and North American women perceiving a greater difference between their actual shape and their ideal body type, as they strive to conform to societal expectations.

It's important to note that these are generalizations, and individual experiences and perceptions can vary within these broad cultural categories. Additionally, beauty ideals and body image are complex and influenced by various factors such as media, advertising, and personal experiences.

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An individual with subjective well-being holds a positive self-evaluation that is based on positive life experiences.

Subjective well-being is a term that refers to an individual's personal evaluation of their own happiness and satisfaction with life. It is a subjective measure of well-being because it is based on the individual's own perception of their happiness, rather than an objective measure like income or health.
Individuals with high levels of subjective well-being tend to have positive emotions, a sense of purpose and meaning in life, and strong social connections. They may experience negative emotions from time to time, but overall they have a positive outlook on life.
Measuring an individual's subjective well-being can be useful for evaluating the effectiveness of interventions aimed at improving mental health and overall well-being. By assessing an individual's subjective well-being before and after an intervention, researchers can determine whether the intervention had a positive impact.
Overall, subjective well-being is an important aspect of an individual's overall well-being and can provide valuable insights into their overall mental health and happiness.

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Some of the ways to remove nail glue from nails without acetone :

Soak your nails in warm soapy water for 10-15 minutes to softening the glue. This can facilitate the process of peeling or scraping it off. Employ a small quantity of toothpaste on the impacted region and brush lightly with a soft-bristle toothbrush. Wash off with warm water, repeating as necessary.

An alternative solution entails soaking a cotton ball in vinegar and applying it onto the affected area. Allow several moments for the vinegar-soaked cotton ball to take effect before softly rubbing or scraping away the glue remnants. Additionally, it may be productive to utilize cuticle oil or moisturizer after execution to maintain optimum hydration and health for the nails.

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From the perspective of adolescent participants, the ineffectiveness of some delinquency prevention programs can be attributed to a lack of relevance or applicability to their specific circumstances and needs. These programs may fail to address the underlying factors that contribute to delinquency, such as socioeconomic challenges, peer influences, or family dynamics. As a result, participants may perceive the programs as disconnected from their realities, leading to disengagement and limited impact on their behavior.

From the perspective of programmers, the ineffectiveness of some delinquency prevention programs can be attributed to inadequate program design and implementation. Programs may lack evidence-based approaches, fail to involve key stakeholders, or lack sufficient resources for proper execution. Insufficient training and support for program facilitators can also impact effectiveness. To improve outcomes, programmers should ensure programs are evidence-based, culturally sensitive, and tailored to the specific needs of participants. Collaboration with community organizations, schools, and families is crucial for program success. By addressing these factors, delinquency prevention programs can have a greater chance of effectiveness and positively impact adolescent participants.

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True, safeguarding inventory and proper reporting of inventory in the books are indeed important reasons for controlling inventory.

Inventory control is essential for businesses to efficiently manage their resources and maintain accurate financial records. Safeguarding inventory refers to the process of protecting physical assets from theft, damage, or loss. This is crucial for maintaining the value of a company's assets and ensuring that they are available for use when needed.

Implementing security measures, monitoring stock levels, and conducting regular audits are common ways to safeguard inventory. Proper reporting of inventory in the books is vital for accurate financial reporting and decision-making. Maintaining accurate inventory records allows businesses to track their property, determine their value, and identify any discrepancies that may arise.

This helps in monitoring inventory levels, preventing stockouts, and managing cash flow effectively. Inventory control also aids in reducing carrying costs, enhancing customer satisfaction, and optimizing the use of storage space. Through efficient inventory management, businesses can minimize the risks associated with stock obsolescence, stock shortages, and excess inventory.

In summary, controlling inventory is essential for safeguarding assets and ensuring proper reporting in the books. This helps businesses maintain accurate financial records, optimize resources, and enhance overall operational efficiency.

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The given statement " the core traits such as drive, honesty, and self-confidence are considered to be preconditions that endow people with leadership potential" is true.

Many studies have been carried out in order to identify the characteristics that are commonly associated with effective leadership.

Some of these studies have concentrated on identifying a specific set of core characteristics thought to be necessary for leadership potential.

Among these essential characteristics are, among others, drive, honesty, self-confidence, emotional stability, cognitive ability, and friendliness.

Drive is defined as a strong amount of drive, determination, and ambition, all of which are necessary for achieving goals and leading others.

Building trust and credibility among followers, as well as preserving ethical standards and accountability, require honesty.

Self-assurance is essential for encouraging and inspiring people, as well as making difficult decisions and taking risks.

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In the adoption of improvement programs that are under consideration, it is essential to involve all levels of management and workers (Option A).

This approach ensures a comprehensive and well-rounded implementation of the program. Managers play a crucial role in overseeing the program and making key decisions. HR personnel are responsible for supporting employees and addressing any concerns or needs related to the program. Employees, on the other hand, provide valuable input and feedback as they are directly affected by the improvement program.

By involving all these stakeholders, organizations can achieve better communication, greater buy-in, and increased engagement in the program. Furthermore, this collaborative approach allows for a more thorough understanding of potential challenges and opportunities for improvement, resulting in a more effective and sustainable outcome. Therefore, it is crucial to include all levels of management, HR personnel, and employees when adopting improvement programs under consideration.

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One type of therapy that has been found to be at least as helpful as various medications for panic disorder is cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). CBT is a type of therapy that focuses on identifying and changing negative thought patterns and behaviors that contribute to anxiety and panic attacks.

Research studies have shown that CBT can be effective in reducing the symptoms of panic disorder, including the frequency and severity of panic attacks. In fact, a 2016 study published in the Journal of Anxiety Disorders found that CBT was just as effective as medication in treating panic disorder, with similar rates of symptom reduction and improvement in quality of life.

One of the benefits of CBT is that it is a non-invasive treatment that does not have the potential side effects and risks associated with medication use. Additionally, CBT can provide patients with long-term tools and strategies for managing their anxiety and preventing future panic attacks.

Overall, while medications can be helpful in managing panic disorder symptoms, CBT has been shown to be an effective alternative or adjunct treatment option. It is important for individuals with panic disorder to discuss their treatment options with a mental health professional to determine the best course of action for their unique situation.

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When preparing a flexible budget, the level of activity is considered as a variable and is taken into account to adjust the budgeted amounts of various expenses and revenues.

A flexible budget is a budget that adjusts or flexes based on changes in the level of activity, such as production volume, sales volume, or other measures of activity. It is a budget that can be modified based on actual results, so it provides a better understanding of how a business's performance is affected by changes in activity levels. When preparing a flexible budget, the level of activity is taken into account to determine the expected costs and revenues for that level of activity.

The level of activity can be measured using a relevant activity measure such as units produced, direct labor hours, or machine hours. Based on this measure, the budgeted amounts for variable expenses such as direct materials, direct labor, and variable overhead are adjusted to reflect the actual level of activity. Fixed expenses, on the other hand, remain the same regardless of the level of activity.

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Answer: Secondary research

Explanation: Based on the scenario being described within the question it can be said that this type of research is an example of secondary research. This is a research method that focuses on using already existing data in order to support the research by summarizing and organizing that data. Such as the PR firm is doing with the cencus data, in order to support the trends in teen clothing that they are researching.

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