The protein, lipid, and carbohydrate compositions of the cytoplasmic and extracellular sides of membranes are different from one another. Why is this the case? (3 points)



a) Some membrane components are synthesized outside of the cell, while others are synthesized in the cytosol.


b) The two sides of a cell membrane face different environments and carry out different functions.


c) The molecular composition of the inner and outer layers of the cell membrane is determined by genes.


d) Proteins only function on the cytoplasmic side of the cell membrane, which results in asymmetry across the membrane.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

The protein, lipid, and carbohydrate compositions of the cytoplasmic and extracellular sides of membranes are different from one another , this happens because the two sides of a cell membrane face different environments and carry out different functions.

Explanation:

PROTEINS , LIPID AND CARBOHYDRATES , all are the components of the plasma membrane , located at different sites .

PROTEINS -: The main component of plasma membranes is proteins. Two key categories of membrane proteins are available: integral and peripheral. As their name implies, integral membrane proteins are incorporated into the membrane: they have at least one hydrophobic region that anchors them to the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic center. Others just stick partway through the membrane, while others extend from one side of the membrane to the other and on either side are exposed.

On the outside and inside surfaces of membranes, peripheral membrane proteins are found which are bound either to integral proteins or to phospholipids. Peripheral membrane proteins do not stick into the hydrophobic center of the membrane as opposed to integral membrane proteins, and appear to be more loosely bound.

LIPID -: Phospholipids, arranged in a bilayer, make up the plasma membrane 's essential cloth. Since they are amphipathic, they are well-suited for this function, meaning they have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions.

The hydrophilic or "water-loving" component of a phospholipid is its head, which includes a phosphate group that is negatively charged, as well as an additional small group that can also be charged or polar.

Its long, nonpolar fatty acid tails make up the hydrophobic, or "water-fearing," portion of a phospholipid. The tails of fatty acids can interact easily with other non-polar molecules, but interact poorly with water.

CARBOHYDRATES -: The main component of plasma membranes is carbohydrates. In general, they are located on the outer surface of the cells and are either bound to proteins (glycoproteins forming) or to lipids (glycolipids forming). These chains of carbohydrates can consist of 2-60 units of monosaccharide and can either be straight or branched.

Hence , the correct option is B.


Related Questions

What would happen if the squirrel population were eliminated

Answers

It would disrupt the food chain

Please Help! What molecules need to travel through ATP synthase to help it create ATP?

Answers

Answer:

The proton gradient produced by proton pumping during the electron transport chain is used to synthesize ATP. Protons flow down their concentration gradient into the matrix through the membrane protein ATP synthase, causing it to spin (like a water wheel) and catalyze conversion of ADP to ATP.

Explanation:

That's the answer but not all of it just pick out the actual answer.

The statement explains the importance of enzymes that check for and repair mistakes during DNA replication is the enzymes prevent many genetic mutations from being expressed.

What is RNA polymerase?

RNA polymerase is an enzyme that aids in the transcription of DNA into RNA during transcript in the nucleus. The enzymes prevent many genetic mutations from being expressed.

Primase is an enzyme that synthesizes short RNA sequences called primers. These primers serve as a starting point for DNA synthesis during replication as the DNA polymerases cannot begin the synthesis of the new strand, they only extend it after primase begins it and primase produces RNA molecules, the enzyme can be said to be a type of RNA polymerase.

Therefore, The statement explains the importance of enzymes that check for and repair mistakes during DNA replication is the enzymes prevent many genetic mutations from being expressed.

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Lawrence is a long distance runner on the school’s track and field team. Proper nutrition is very important for athletes so Lawrence wants to make the right food choices before a big track meet.



Given what you know about how food is broken down to provide energy in the body, which is the best choice for Lawrence to eat before his event?

a supplement bar that provides 500 Calories composed of complex sugars
a candy bar that provides 500 Calories composed of simple sugars
a protein shake that provides 500 calories composed of complex sugars
a fruit smoothie that provides 500 calories of simple sugars

Answers

Answer:

a supplement bar that provides 500 Calories composed of complex sugars

Explanation:

Got it right on edge

Which property of water makes it mix well with most solutes?
A. Cohesion and Adhesion
B. High Heat Capacity
C. Universal solvent

Answers

Answer:

it would be C. Universal solvent

Which shows that the results of an experiment are reliable?
A. The experiment creates ideas for new experiments.
B. The experiment can be repeated with the same results.
C. The experiment uses a very simple procedure.
D. The experiment supports the hypothesis.

Answers

The answer should be D
Hope this helps have a great day

10: For the fermentation experiment: List the 4 reagents used and their function​

Answers

Answer:

yeast, invertase, bacterial culture,  maltase

Explanation:

Fermentation is defined as a metabolic organic substance are chemically changed with the help of enzymes. The process of fermentation is used for the production of food such as bread and beverages such as alcohol.

Reagents are the chemical used to process a chemical reaction in an expriment. So reagents used in fermentation are yeast, invertase, bacterial culture,  maltase.

Yeast is a fungus used for alcohol production that that is used to improve the nutritive value of the beverage.

Invertase is an enzyme that is used to cleave the glycosidic linkage between fructose molecules and glucose.

Bacterial culture are use to ferment the process that produces alcohol and carbon dioxide.

The enzyme maltase breaks the bond between maltose and convert it into glucose.

Do galaxies move and if so how do we know?

Answers

Answer: Galaxies do move. They both rotate and move through space. But how do we know? Fortunately, there is a way to detect the motion of a galaxy: By examining the spectrum of light from a galaxy, you can determine whether the galaxy is moving towards or away from Earth, and how fast.

Explanation:

On May 18, 1980, Mount St. Helens in Washington State experienced a huge volcanic eruption after a magnitude 5.1 earthquake. During the eruption, hot ash and pumice poured down the west, south, and east sides of the mountain, melting the snow and ice at the top of the volcano and producing volcanic mudflows. Which type of process first occurred in the ecosystem around Mount St. Helens after it erupted?

Answers

Answer:

primary succession

Explanation:

Primary succession starts in regions where there is no soil or where the soil is incapable of sustaining life due to any recent lava flows or newly formed sand dunes. Primary succession may lead to the formation of islands on land formed from glacial retreats or on new volcanic rock.

Primary succession occurred in the ecosystem around Mount St. Helens after the volcano erupted.

Answer:

Primary Succesian

Explanation:

Over a thousand feet of the top of the mountain was obliterated, causing darkness during the day  for towns up to 85 miles away, mudslides and large ask deposits, loss of life to humans and anima

Help me identify the parts of this cell:

Answers

Answer:

1- membrane

2- ribosomes

3- mitochondrion

4- rough ER

5- dna

6- nucleolus

7- cytoplasm

8- nucleus

9- smooth ER

10- vesicles

11- golgi body

12- lysosome

Explanation:

Answer:

1- cell membrane

2- ribosomes

3- mitochondria

4- rough endoplasmic reticulum

5- deoxyribonucleid acid (dna)

6- nucleolus

7- cytoplasm

8- nucleus

9- smooth endoplasmic reticulum

10- vesicles

11- golgi apparatus

12- lysosome

Explanation:

How does a radio use radiant energy

Answers

Electromagnetic waves carry energy

Answer Explanation:

A radio uses an electromagnetic energy in the form of radiant energy. This is an invisible energy in the form of radio waves that can travel through space.

When it comes to radio, the radio waves are received by the radio tuner. It is then converted into sound waves that are audible to the human ears. Unlike the other electromagnetic radiation, the radio waves are harmless since they do not cause any harm to the human body. This is the reason why, it is more commonly used for telecommunications and toys controlled by remote.

the element iridium is more resistant to corrosion than any other metal. it also has a slightly smaller density than osmium: 22.42 centimeters squared. suppose you have a sample of iridium with a volume of 34.17 cm squared. what is the mass of this sample

Answers

Answer:

766.09g

Explanation:

Divide the volume of the iridium with its density.

Density= mass÷volume

what three animals are closley related to a tiger

Answers

Answer:

The tiger's closest living relatives were previously thought to be the Panthera species lion, leopard, and jaguar.

Explanation:

Results of genetic analysis indicate that about 2.88 million years ago, the tiger and the snow leopard lineages diverged from the other Panthera species, and that both may be more closely related to each other than to the lion, leopard and jaguar. The geographic origin of the Panthera is most likely northern Central Asia or the Holarctic region. The tiger–snow leopard lineage dispersed in Southeast Asia during the Miocene.

Panthera zdanskyi is considered to be a sister taxon of the modern tiger. It lived at the beginning of the Pleistocene about two million years ago, its fossil remains were excavated in Gansu province of northwestern China. It was smaller and more "primitive", but functionally and ecologically similar to the modern tiger. It is disputed as to whether it had the striping pattern. Northwestern China is thought to be the origin of the tiger lineage. Tigers grew in size, possibly in response to adaptive radiations of prey species like deer and bovids, which may have occurred in Southeast Asia during the Early Pleistocene.

How does mutation increase chances for survival? Please help me.

Answers

Answer:

These mutations can increase an organism's chance for survival and usually occur over a course of many generations producing offspring (or babies) with the helpful mutation. ... This would allow you to mate and produce offspring because you would have survived for longer lifespans.

Explanation:

PLZ HELP!! ASAP!!

Carbohydrates have chemical bonds that are a good source of energy for living things. A monosaccharide is a carbohydrate made by plants when energy from the sun combines water and carbon dioxide.
How are the two other types of carbohydrates formed? Give examples of each type.

Answers

Explanation:

The other two types of carbohydrates, disaccharides and polysaccharides, are formed when monosaccharides link together to form larger molecules and chains. A disaccharide is a sugar that is made from two monosaccharides (di=two). For example, sucrose is a disaccharide that is made from the bonding of glucose with fructose, which are both monosaccharides. Sucrose is known as table sugar, and is found naturally in plants. Polysaccharides are large, complex molecules that are formed when monosaccharides or disaccharides link together in repeating units to form long chains. The most abundant polysaccharide in the world is cellulose, the substance that makes up the cell wall of plant cells. Starches are also examples of polysaccharides, and these are stored in plants such as grains, corn and wheat.

All living organisms must obtain energy in order to survive, and most organisms rely on carbohydrates as energy sources. These molecules are made through the process of photosynthesis, and they store the sun's energy within them.

2. Standard 7.L.1.2- Which organelle creates energy for the cell? *
4 points
a. Mitochondria
b. Vacuole
c. Nucleus
d. Cell wall
*Science*
-I'm sorry i don't know how to use brainly I just got it but i need help. Thank you if you see this and try to help! :)-

Answers

Answer:MitochondriaExplanation:Mitochondria are the cellular organelles that generate most of the chemical energy

necessary to activate the biochemical reactions of the cell. The chemical energy produced by the mitochondria is stored in an energized molecule called adenosine triphosphate.

hope this help you!

Write five general properties of minerals

Answers

Answer:

Color, luster, streak, hardness, and cleavage

Explanation:

what happened as a result of over hunting whales

Answers

Everyone died snake kappa mf f d

The packaging and distribution center of the cell is the
Group of answer choices

central vacuole.

nucleus.

nuclear envelope.

Golgi apparatus.

Answers

Answer: The Golgi  Apparatus

The Golgi apparatus is a set of flattened, membrane-bound sacs that serve as the packaging and distribution center of the cell.

Explanation:

The packaging and distribution center of the cell is the function of the golgi apparatus. Golgi apparatus prepares proteins and lipids in cell. Thus, the correct option is D.

What is Golgi apparatus?

Golgi body is also known as a Golgi apparatus. It is a cell organelle which helps in processing and packaging of proteins and lipid molecules, especially the proteins that are destined to be exported out from the cell.

Stack of small flat sacs formed by membranes inside the cell's cytoplasm. Golgi apparatus prepares proteins and lipids for the use inside and outside of the cell.

Therefore, the correct option is D.

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A plant has iron deficiency with dry, yellow leaves. How might yellow leaves affect a plant’s ability to photosynthesize?

Answers

Yellow leaves have lack of chlorophyll the green pigment for photosynthesis or sugar production in plants.

Answer:

It will photosynthesize at a much slower rate

Explanation:

Chlorophyll is important in the process of photosynthesis. Leaves that aren't green are a physical sign of a lack of chlorophyll.


If an organism has a cell wall, it can only be a ______ cell

Answers

Answer:

Plant

Explanation:

Because it has a cell wall

Cholesterol is synthesized by all animal cells and is an essential structural component of animal cell membranes. Cholesterol is the most common steroid and is mainly synthesized in the liver. Cholesterol also serves as a precursor for several important biological compounds including all, EXCEPT: A) insulin B) vitamin D C) bile salts D) testosterone

Answers

the answer is insulin. because the precursor for insulin is called pro insulin

Cholesterol does not serve as the precursor for insulin. So the correct option is A.

What is cholesterol?

Cholesterol is a wax-like substance. Cholesterol is considered to be bad among the general public but it is not inherently “bad.” Our body needs for building cells and making vitamins and several other hormones. Cholesterol levels, in excess, can pose a problem.

Cholesterol can come from two sources. These are synthesized by the liver and from foods from animals. The liver produces all the required cholesterol but the remainder is obtained from foods. For example, meat, poultry, and dairy products of them contain dietary cholesterol.

These are the same foods that are also high in saturated fats and trans fats. These fats cause the liver to make more cholesterol than required or more than it normally does. This added production of cholesterol, for some people, means they go from a normal level of cholesterol level to unhealthy level of cholesterol.

Therefore the correct option is A.

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HELP MEHHHH!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!??????????????????????????

Answers

Answer:

Gulls, since they are the only predators shown for the green crabs.

27. If there is a full moon on Sept. 13, When is the next full moon?​

Answers

there would be another full
moon on for 27th of september

HELP FOR BRAINLIEST!

Answers

for me its glitched or word cut off i see no picture or question :/

The atmosphere of both Mars and Venus is mostly _____
carbon dioxide
O carbon monoxide
O nitrogen
O oxygen

Answers

carbon monoxide is the correct answer
Carbon monoxide is the right answer

Answer these 2 in different sentences and i will give whoever is first brainliest

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

1 structural

Physiological

Behavioral.

2.Color matching

Disruptive coloration

Do you believe your conscious mind is simply a function of brain activity, or is it a non-physical material substance?

Would you ever consider investing in cryonics at the end of your life? Or for that of a loved one? Why or Why not?

Answers

Answer:

Do you believe your conscious mind is simply a function of brain activity, or is it a non-physical material substance?

no, because our behavior is is controlled by our brain not our conscious.

Would you ever consider investing in cryonics at the end of your life? Or for that of a loved one? Why or Why not?

no, because I want to be bared the normal way it cost to much money for a cryonics and it against my religion.

Explanation:

No, because our brain, not our conscious thoughts, governs our actions, so your conscious mind is not simply a function of brain activity,

What is conscious mind?

The thoughts, memories, feelings, and desires that we are currently cognizant of are all stored in the conscious mind. This is the area of our brain processing that is open to rational thought and discussion.

This also applies to our memory, which is sometimes not conscious but which can be quickly accessed and made cognizant.

According to the majority view in neuroscience, awareness is an innate quality of the brain and its metabolism. The mind and awareness of the being to which the brain belonged vanish when the brain passes away.

Therefore, In other terms, consciousness cannot exist without a brain.

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Describe two properties that you could use to distinguish subatomic particles.

Answers

Answer: Protons, electrons, and neutrons can be distinguished by mass, charge, and location in an atom.

Explanation:

I hope this helped a tiny bit

Scientists in Australia have developed a routine for athletes to follow the day before a big race this routine includes consuming a large amount of carbohydrates this type of routine is known as a carbo loading what might consuming a large amount of carbohydrates be beneficial do the athlete during the race

Answers

Answer:

Scientists in Australia have developed a routine for athletes to follow the day before a big race to increase the storage of glycogen in muscles before a competition which in turn helps to improve stamina.

Explanation:

Scientists in Australia have developed a routine for athletes to follow the day before a big race to increase the storage of glycogen in muscles before a competition which in turn helps to improve stamina. Carbo loading works best for sports such as marathon running, cross-country skiing, and long-distance cycling.

While washing her hair, Olivia noticed that she was losing a lot of hair. She visited a clinic, and the physician reassured her that her hair would grow back. How do you think Olivia's hair will grow back?

Answers

Answer:

ok so i think that she would lose all her hair then it will start to grow back

Explanation:

Answer:

her hair will be back in my opinun but it will not be same as previous.

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